Unit 1 Grammar 表語從句講義-高中英語人教版選擇性必修第二冊

高中英語人教版選擇性必修第二冊unit1Grammar

表語從句(ThePredicativeClause)

一、表語從句的定義：

表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語，放在連系動詞之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合

句中的表語，用來說明主語是什么或者怎么樣。Theproblemis

puzzling.主語連系動詞形容詞作表語

Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.

主語連系動詞一個句子作表語一表語從句

二、表語從句的構(gòu)成：系動詞+引導(dǎo)詞+簡單句

WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtired.

三、表語從句的用法

1.可接表語從句的連系動詞有：

1).最常用連系動詞：be(am;is/was;are/were)o一般在句子中譯成：“

日，，

7H...

Chinaisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.

2).表變化的系動詞：get;turn;go;fall;become;grow;come;runo

用法注意：在英語中，系動詞一般只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時兩

種時態(tài)變化形式，沒有其他時態(tài)變化形式。但表變化的這類系動詞

除外，它們有各種時態(tài)變化。

Itisbecomingcolderandcolder.Thefoodhasgonebad.

此處還需注意的是become和turn后接表職業(yè)的名詞時冠詞的有無：

Twoyearslater,hebecameateacher.

但Twoyearslater,heturnedteacher.

另外，g。表變化時一般指事情向消極、不好的方面轉(zhuǎn)化。

3).所謂“感官動詞”:look;sound;taste;smell:fbeL般它們在句子中譯成:

“…起來；…

上去:此類系動詞為高考高頻詞。

Thefoodtastedgood.食物嘗起來很香。

Helookedsadlyatthepicture./Shelookedsadafterhearingthenews.

Tomtastedthefoodandittastedgood.

4).表狀態(tài)的系動詞：keep;stay;remain;一般在句子中譯成：“依然是;

保持”

Sheremainsloyaltoherfatherdespitehiscrueltytowardsher.

Whatalovelydaytoday!IlovefineweatherandThopeitwillstayfinefor

somedays.

Muchremainstobedone.

5).表像系動詞：seem;appear。一般在句子中譯成：，看起來像”、“似乎，

“好像”。

這兩個動詞有一個共同的特點，即如果要表達時態(tài)的變化，需要后

接不定式來完成。

Heseemedtohavecaughtcold.

Itappearstomethathewantstoteachusallhehas.

WhenFathercamein,Tomseemedtobeeatingsomething.

另外此處一句型轉(zhuǎn)換也要牢記：

Itseemedthathehadcaughtcold.

WhenFathercamein,itseemedthatTomwaseatingsomething.

6).終止系動詞：prove;tumouto一般在句子中譯成：“證實、證明、

結(jié)果為…”

Heproved(tobe)right./Theexperimentturnedoutsuccessful.

2.引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞的種類：

1）從屬連詞ihat,ihat在表語從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，也沒有任何

意義。

ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.

2）從屬連詞whether,as,asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句，有自己的含義,

但在從句中并不充當(dāng)語法成分。

Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.

Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.

注:從屬連詞if一-不用來引導(dǎo)逐語從句，但asif卻可引導(dǎo)表句從句。

Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,blitit'sasifitwasonlyyesterday.

3）because,why引導(dǎo)的表語從句，有自己的含義，但在從句中并不充

當(dāng)語法成分。

That'swhyhedidn'tunderstandme.

Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.

注意：'That/Itisbecause...”與“That/Itiswhy...”之間的不同在于，TTiat/Itis

because...”指原因或理由;“That/Itiswhy...”則指由于各種原因所造成的后

果。

Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesister

withherhomework.Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotseeit

lastnight.

4）連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which;連接副詞where,when,how,

why它們分

Theproblemiswho/whomwccangettoreplaceher.（作賓語）

Thatwasuhalshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.<作賓的）

ThequestionishewIcanpersuadeher（ojoinusintheparty.（作方式狀語）

Thequestionis」hichbookisthemostsuitableforusstudenls.（件定語）

5）使用虛擬語氣的表語從句

在表示建議、勸告、命令等含義的名詞后的表語從句，謂語動詞需用

“should+動詞原形”表示，should可省略。常見的詞有：advice,

suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea等。

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.

3.注意：

1)表語從句一定要用陳述語序。

False:Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.

Right:Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.

2)在有表語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句時態(tài)和從句時態(tài)可以不一致。

Right:ThequestioniswhowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.

Right:Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.

3)that在表語從句中一般在書面語中不可以省，但在口語中可以省

略oTheideais(that)weshallgotopicnicthisweek.

4)€Thatiswhy...”與“Thatisthereasonwhy...”同義，不過從語法結(jié)構(gòu)上講,

“Thatisthereasonwhy..."中why弓I導(dǎo)的是一個定語從句，將其中的the

reason去掉則與叮hatiswhy...”結(jié)構(gòu)一樣。

Thatis(thereason)whyIcannotagree.

5).當(dāng)主語為Thereason(why…)時，表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞只能用that...

Right:Thereason(whyhewaslate)wasthathewascaughtintheheavyrain.

Wrong:Thereasonwhyheisabsentisbecauseheisill.

四.鞏固練習(xí)

1.Goandgetyourcoat.It'syouleftit.

A.there

B.where

C.therewhere

D.wherethere

2.--1drovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.

--Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?

A.why

B.when

C.what

D.where

3.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisisIdisagreed.

A.why

B.where

C.what

D.how

4.Thereasonforhergreatsuccessissheisbothcleverandhard-

working.

A.because

B.why

C.which

D.that

5.Hissuggestionwasthatweanothermeetingtodiscusstheproblem.

A.musthold

B.shouldhold

C.couldhold

D.held

6.ThelasttimewehadgreatfunwaswewerevisitingtheWater

Park.

A.where

B.how

C.when

D.why

7.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitarisitcangiveyouagreatdeal

ofpleasure.

A.how

B.why

C.that

D.when

8.Theproblemishehasenoughtime.

A.if

B.whether

C./

D.that

9.Hedidifluoineluthemeeting.Thalwashehadiflbeeninvited.

A.why

B.because

C.thereasonwhy

D./

lO.Thequestioniswewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.

A.that

B.if

C.when

D.whether

11.Thereasonwhyhefailedishewastoocareless.

A.because

B.that

C.fbr

D.becauseof

12.Isthiswemeteachothertwoyearsago.

A.where

B.that

C.because

D.whether

13.TheproblemistotaketheplaceofTed

A.whocanweget

B.whatwecanget

C.whowecanget

D.thatwecanget

14.WhatIwanttoknowishelikesthegiftgivenbyus.

A.that

B.if

C.whether

D不填

15.ThereasonisImissedthebus.

A.that

B.when

C.why

D.what

16.Thatiswewerelatelasttime.

A.that

B.when

C.why

D.what

17.Shelookedsheweretenyearsyounger.

A.that

B.like

C.as

D.asthough

18.一Ifellsick!-Ithinkitisyouaredoingtoomuch.

A.why

B.when

C.what

D.because

19.Thereasonwhyhehasn'tcomeis.

A.becausehismotherisill

B.becauseofhismother'sbeingill

C.thathismotherisill

D.forhismotherisill

20.---Hewasbomhere.---T