河南省焦作市博愛(ài)縣2025屆高三上學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省焦作市博愛(ài)縣2025屆高三上學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試題一、閱讀理解MasterGardenerVolunteersWantedWhyBecomeaMasterGardener?TheMasterGardenerprogramisanall-volunteerorganizationwhereyoucandevelopyourownleadershipandteachingskillswhileteachingtheyoungeryouthabouthealthyeating,agriculture,andsoon!MasterGardenersinvolvepeopleinactivitiestoimprovetheirgeneralwell-beingandoverallenjoymentoflifebyhelpingthemfindsoundmanagementpracticesforhomeandurbannaturalresources,bycreatingpleasingenvironmentsthroughpeople-plantinteractionsandhorticulturaltherapy(園藝療法),andbyprovidingasafefoodsupplythroughhomefruitandvegetableproduction.WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?AnyonecanapplytobeaMasterGardener—youdon’tneedtobeanexpertorhaveadegree.Youdo,however,needto:●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.●Bewillingtosharehorticultureinformationwithothers.●Bewillingtoattendatrainingprogramandcandevotetimetovolunteeringandcontinuingeducation.Besides,tobecomeaMasterGardenervolunteer,eachapplicantneedstocompleteanapplication,preparebackgroundscreeningpaperworkandscheduleaninterviewwithextensionstaff.WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?Trainingsessionsareofferedonedayaweekoverathree-monthperiodandareledbyexperteducatorsintheregion.Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand60hoursofvolunteerinternship(實(shí)習(xí))workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.InordertoremainacertifiedMasterGardener,30hoursofvolunteerworkand10hoursofcontinuingeducationoradvancedtrainingarerequiredeachyear.1．WhatdoesaMasterGardenerdo?A．Helppromotethewell-beingofpeople.B．Trainvolunteerstohelpwithgardening.C．Teachtheyoungaboutcookingandfarming.D．Increasetheoutputofhomefruitandvegetable.2．WhatisrequiredifyouwanttoapplytobeaMasterGardener?A．Acquiringexcellentteachingskills.B．Havingsomerelevantknowledge.C．Completinggiventrainingsessions.D．Obtainingrichvolunteerexperience.3．HowlongwillittaketobecomeacertifiedMasterGardener?A．Ayear. B．Threemonths. C．About160hours. D．About120hours.【答案】1．A2．B3．D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了“園藝大師志愿者”這一項(xiàng)目，包括成為園藝大師的好處、申請(qǐng)資格以及培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容等。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhyBecomeaMasterGardener?部分中“MasterGardenersinvolvepeopleinactivitiestoimprovetheirgeneralwell-beingandoverallenjoymentoflife(園藝大師組織人們參與活動(dòng)，以提高他們的整體幸福感和生活的整體享受)”可知，園藝大師主要做的是幫助提升人們的幸福感。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?部分中“●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.(有一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或了解一些園藝或景觀管理知識(shí))”可知，如果你想申請(qǐng)成為園藝大師，需要有一些相關(guān)知識(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?部分中“Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand60hoursofvolunteerinternship(實(shí)習(xí))workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.(完成該項(xiàng)目并獲得認(rèn)證需要大約60個(gè)小時(shí)的課堂教學(xué)和實(shí)地學(xué)習(xí)，以及60個(gè)小時(shí)的志愿者實(shí)習(xí)工作)”可知，成為認(rèn)證的園藝大師需要大約120個(gè)小時(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)。Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekelebecametheNicoleofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(肥皂).Anrecognitionofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradteenagerissettoreceiveacashawardof$25,000.Bekele’srevolutionaryconcept,presentedthroughabrieftwo-minutevideo,centersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,pricedatlessthan$10perbar,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivate(重新激活)dendriticcells—thebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskin—tofightagainstskincancer.InBekele’sownwords,“Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime.”ispassionforbiologyandtechnologywasthedrivingforcebehindthisingeniouscreation,andthe3MYoungScientistChallengeprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtoshowcasehisvisionaryideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificantroleinshapinghiscreativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyundertheburningsun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithprolongedsunexposure.“Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.Toaidhiminrealizinghisbigplans,hereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialistat3M,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientists.Eventually,thepathforwardforBekele’screationincludesobtainingFDAapproval.Duringhispresentationatthe3MglobalheadquartersinSaintPaul,Minnesota,Bekelepassionatelyarticulatedhisvisionofturningthesoapintoa“symbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall”.Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanon-profitorganizationdedicatedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtounder-servedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Nicole”meaninparagraph1?A．Hero B．Winner. C．Example. D．Specialist.5．HowdidBekelegettheideaofhisinvention?A．Hewasguidedbyrelevantexperts. B．Hewatchedavideoaboutscience.C．Hesawpeopleworkinthehotsun D．Hedealtwithscientistsinthefield.6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A．Giftedandreliable B．Creativeandadaptable.C．Humbleandenthusiastic D．Caringandambitious7．Whatisthetextprobably?A．Achildren’sstory. B．Amedicalpaper. C．Anewsreport. D．Adiaryentry.【答案】4．B5．C6．D7．C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述了年僅14歲的HemanBekele憑借他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明—抗皮膚癌肥皂，從其他九名決賽入圍者中脫穎而出、成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的冠軍。4．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap”可知，年僅14歲的HemanBekele憑借他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明——抗皮膚癌肥皂，從其他九名決賽入圍者中脫穎而出，成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的贏家。故劃線詞意思是“贏家”。故選B。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Reflectingonhisinspiration,BekelesharedthathischildhoodinEthiopiaplayedasignificantroleinshapinghiscreativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyundertheburningsun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithprolongedsunexposure.(回顧他的靈感，貝克勒分享了他在埃塞俄比亞的童年在塑造他的創(chuàng)造性思維方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。目睹人們?cè)诹胰障虏恢＞氲毓ぷ?，他不禁想知道有多少人意識(shí)到長(zhǎng)時(shí)間暴露在陽(yáng)光下的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”可知，當(dāng)Bekele在童年時(shí)目睹了在烈日下不知疲倦地工作的人們時(shí)、他有了發(fā)明抗皮膚癌肥皇的想法。故選C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中““Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”BekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwithTheWashingtonPost.(貝克勒在接受《華盛頓郵報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示:“我不僅想讓我的想法在科學(xué)上與眾不同，而且想讓廣大觀眾都能接受?！?”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanon-profitorganizationdedicatedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtounder-servedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下來(lái)的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的發(fā)明，并建立一個(gè)非營(yíng)利組織，致力于將他的創(chuàng)新發(fā)明分發(fā)給服務(wù)不足的社區(qū)，為抗擊皮膚癌提供希望和實(shí)用的解決方案)”可知，Bekele是一位充滿愛(ài)心和雄心勃勃的人。故選D。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekelebecametheNicoleofthe20233MYoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongnineotherfinalistswithhiscreativeinventionknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(肥皂).Anrecognitionofhisexceptionalachievement,thisninth-gradeteenagerissettoreceiveacashawardof$25,000.(年僅14歲的赫曼·貝克勒成為2023年3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的Nicole，憑借其創(chuàng)造性的發(fā)明——皮膚癌治療皂，從其他九名決賽選手中脫穎而出。為了表彰他的杰出成就，這位九年級(jí)少年將獲得2.5萬(wàn)美元的現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，文章首段為報(bào)道的主題、下文具體介紹了背景、細(xì)節(jié)等，故本文可能是一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選C。Fashionmagazinesusuallymeangrandphotoshootsshowingmodelswithcolorful,eye-catchingclothinginuniquepatterns.But,imagineafashionmagazinewithoutasinglepictureinit.BritishVogue,theUK’swell-knownfashionmagazineismakinghistorybydoingjustthat,makingcopiesofthemagazineavailableinpicturelessBraille(盲文)andaudioformatsforblindandlowvisionfolks.SelmaBlairisbestknownforheractingcareer,butshe’salsoknownasadisabilityadvocate.BritishVogueinterviewedBlairaboutherstruggleswithmultiplesclerosis(硬化癥)initsMay2023editionandtheactresswasalsofeaturedonthemagazine’scover.Thatwasn’tanaccident,butratherasignofthefashionmagazine’scommitmenttodisabilityinclusion.EdwardEnninful,theformereditor-in-chiefofthewell-knownmagazine,announcedthenewformatinanInstagrampostthathassincegottenmorethan40,000likes.“Forthefirsttimeinthemagazine’shistory,”Enninful’spostreads,“IampleasedtosharethatthemagazineisnowavailableinBraille,forblindandpartiallysightedpeople.TheVogueteamandIaredelightedbytheresponsetotheMayissue,butwhattheprocessofmakingittaughtusisthatwhataremostimportantareclearandlastingchanges.”Vogue’smovetowardsgreateraccessibilitymirroredEninnful’sexperiencesandhisvalues.“I’mpartiallyblindandmyhearingislessthan50percent.It’sneverstoppedme,buttherearesomanypeoplewithinvisibledisabilitieswhonevertalkaboutit,becauseitmightblockthem.Wealwaystalkaboutdiversityandinclusivity,butthatalsohastoextendtoourdisabledbrothersandsisters,”hesaid.Themovehasbeenwarmlypraisedbypeoplewithdisabilitiesanddisabilityadvocates.NatalieTrevonne,ablendfashiondesignerandaccessibilityconsultant,saysthatthenewformatsareagoodstart,butthere’sstillalotmoretodo.Sheshares,“Ijusthopetheywillgobeyondthatandstartincludingmoreblindandlowvisionfolksinfrontofthecameraandinmorefashionbrandcampaigns.”8．WhichwordcanbestdescribeBritishVogue’snewcopy?A．Creative. B．Profitable. C．Ordinary. D．Conventional.9．WhydidthemagazinefeatureSelmaBlaironitscover?A．Tofollowthefashiontrend. B．Torespectthedisabledactress.C．Tosuitwiderpublicrequirement. D．Toshowthechangeofthemagazine.10．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Whatimpactthemovemade.B．Howthemovebecameavailable.C．HowEninnfulsupportedthemove.D．WhyBritishVoguedecidedonthechange.11．WhatisNatalieTrevonne’sattitudetowardsthemove?A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Negative. D．Indifferent.【答案】8．A9．D10．D11．B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是英國(guó)著名時(shí)尚雜志BritishVogue推出無(wú)圖片版，以盲文和音頻格式提供給視障人士，體現(xiàn)了該雜志對(duì)殘疾人包容性的承諾，并得到了殘疾人士和殘疾人權(quán)益倡導(dǎo)者的熱烈贊揚(yáng)。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“BritishVogue,theUK’swell-knownfashionmagazineismakinghistorybydoingjustthat,makingcopiesofthemagazineavailableinpicturelessBraille(盲文)andaudioformatsforblindandlowvisionfolks.(英國(guó)著名時(shí)尚雜志Vogue正在創(chuàng)造歷史，為盲人和弱視人士提供無(wú)圖片盲文和音頻版本的雜志)”可知，BritishVogue的新版本是有創(chuàng)造性的，故選A。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thatwasn’tanaccident,butratherasignofthefashionmagazine’scommitmenttodisabilityinclusion.(這并非偶然，而是該時(shí)尚雜志致力于包容殘疾人士的標(biāo)志)”可知，這本雜志要把SelmaBlair放在封面上是為了展示雜志的變化。故選D。10．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Vogue ’smovetowardsgreateraccessibilitymirroredEninnful’sexperiencesandhisvalues.“I’mpartiallyblindandmyhearingislessthan50percent.It’sneverstoppedme,buttherearesomanypeoplewithinvisibledisabilitieswhonevertalkaboutit,becauseitmightblockthem.Wealwaystalkaboutdiversityandinclusivity,butthatalsohastoextendtoourdisabledbrothersandsisters,”hesaid.(Vogue朝著更平易近人的方向發(fā)展，反映了埃寧弗的經(jīng)歷和他的價(jià)值觀?！拔也糠质?，聽(tīng)力不到50%。這從來(lái)沒(méi)有阻止過(guò)我，但有很多有隱形殘疾的人從不談?wù)撍?，因?yàn)檫@可能會(huì)阻礙他們。我們總是談?wù)摱鄻有院桶菪裕@也必須延伸到我們的殘疾兄弟姐妹，”他說(shuō))”可知，第四段主要講的是為什么英國(guó)版Vogue會(huì)做出這樣的改變。故選D。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“NatalieTrevonne,ablendfashiondesignerandaccessibilityconsultant,saysthatthenewformatsareagoodstart,butthere’sstillalotmoretodo.(NatalieTrevonne是一位融合時(shí)尚設(shè)計(jì)師和無(wú)障礙環(huán)境顧問(wèn)，她表示，新的形式是一個(gè)良好的開(kāi)端，但仍有大量工作要做)”可知，NatalieTrevonne對(duì)這一舉動(dòng)持支持的態(tài)度，故選B。MostpeopleintheNetherlandsareconvincedthattheirconsumptionpatternsaffecttheenvironment.Manyofthemarelookingforwaystoreducetheirfootprint.However,therealityismorecomplicated,accordingtoaresearchbyLeidenPhDcandidateLevonAmatuni,whostudiedcarsharingandthereuseofphones.Heusedhisbackgroundincomputerscienceandmathematicstomodelandmeasurethebenefitsofsuchpractices.Hisresearchshowsusersofcar-sharingplatformsreducetheirimpactbyonly3to18percent—muchlessthan51or37percentclaimedinpreviousresearch.Thisiscausedbyso-called“reboundeffects”,whicharerarelyaccountedforbycompaniesorevenresearchers.Forexample,sharedvehiclesarereplacedwithnewmodelsmorefrequentlythanprivatecars.Additionally,theintroductionofsharingschemes(方案)canencouragepeopletodrivewhentheywouldhaveotherwisetakenpublictransport.Thesereboundeffectsturnouttobehighlyinfluential.Amatunialsofoundusersofsharingplatformsdon’tsignificantlyreducetheirdriving.“Andiftheydo,theyoftentakebusesandtrains,whicharen’temission-free,”hesays.Whilepublictransportisusuallyabetteroption,itsimpactisnotnegligible.So,thisdatamustbeincludedtomakeanaccurateassessment.Similarly,Amatunidiscoveredthatasecond-handphoneonlyoffsets(抵消)aboutone-thirdofanewphone’sproduction.Reboundeffectsarethecause.Ifpeoplecouldn’tselltheirolddevices,theywouldusethemforlonger.Inotherwords,reusebothextendsthelifetimeofadevice—bygivingitanewowner—butalsoshortensit,aspeopletendtoselltheirnewlyboughtdevicessooner.Amatunidoesn’twantpeopletoconcludetakingsmallstepstowardssustainabilityispointless.“Ourintentionsarestillwhat’smostimportant,”hesays,“butmeanwhile,peopleneedtorealisethere’renoeasyfixes.”Herecommendsprioritisingoverallconsumptionreductionratherthancontinuingcurrenthabitswhiletryingtomakethemmoreefficient.12．WhatisthefocusofAmatuni’sresearch?A．Thewaysofreducingpeople’sfootprint.B．Thebenefitsofcarsharingandphonereuse.C．Thedamageofpublictransporttotheenvironment.D．Theknowledgeofcomputerscienceandmathematics.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“negligible”inparagraph3mean?A．Small. B．Permanent.C．Direct. D．Immediate.14．Whichofthefollowingrepresentsaphonereboundeffect?A．Buyingnewphonesoften. B．Keepingoldphonesinuse.C．Takingcareofnewphones. D．Sellingusedphonescheaply.15．WhatisAmatuni’ssuggestiononpromotingsustainability?A．Stopeco-friendlyhabits. B．Increaseproductionefficiency.C．Reducetotalresourceuse. D．Seekeasysolutionstoeco-crisis.【答案】12．B13．A14．A15．C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述的是萊頓大學(xué)博士生LevonAmatuni對(duì)汽車共享和手機(jī)再利用的研究，揭示了這些環(huán)保行為的實(shí)際效益遠(yuǎn)低于預(yù)期，并探討了背后復(fù)雜的“反彈效應(yīng)”及其對(duì)環(huán)境影響的真實(shí)情況。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hisresearchshowsusersofcar-sharingplatformsreducetheirimpactbyonly3to18percent—muchlessthan51or37percentclaimedinpreviousresearch.Thisiscausedbyso-called“reboundeffects”,whicharerarelyaccountedforbycompaniesorevenresearchers.(他的研究表明，汽車共享平臺(tái)的用戶只減少了3%到18%的影響，遠(yuǎn)低于之前研究中聲稱的51%或37%。這是由所謂的“反彈效應(yīng)”造成的，企業(yè)甚至研究人員都很少考慮到這一點(diǎn)。)”可知，Amatuni的研究重點(diǎn)是汽車共享和手機(jī)重復(fù)使用的好處。故選B。13．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“theyoftentakebusesandtrains,whicharen’temission-free(他們經(jīng)常乘坐公共汽車和火車，這些都不是零排放的)”和“thisdatamustbeincludedtomakeanaccurateassessment(為了做出準(zhǔn)確的評(píng)估，必須包括這些數(shù)據(jù))”可知，公共交通的影響并不是微不足道的，negligible的意思是“微不足道的”，和small意思相近。故選A。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Similarly,Amatunidiscoveredthatasecond-handphoneonlyoffsets(抵消)aboutone-thirdofanewphone’sproduction.Reboundeffectsarethecause.Ifpeoplecouldn’tselltheirolddevices,theywouldusethemforlonger.(同樣，Amatuni發(fā)現(xiàn)，二手手機(jī)只抵消了新手機(jī)產(chǎn)量的三分之一左右。反彈效應(yīng)是原因。如果人們不能賣掉他們的舊設(shè)備，他們就會(huì)使用更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。)”可知，經(jīng)常買新手機(jī)代表了手機(jī)的反彈效應(yīng)。故選A。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Herecommendsprioritisingoverallconsumptionreductionratherthancontinuingcurrenthabitswhiletryingtomakethemmoreefficient.(他建議優(yōu)先考慮整體減少消費(fèi)，而不是繼續(xù)目前的習(xí)慣，同時(shí)試圖提高效率。)”可知，Amatuni對(duì)促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的建議是減少總資源使用。故選C。Anoldstudyintheadvertisingliteraturefoundthatwe’remorelikelytoreadadvertisementsfortheproductswehavebought,eveniftheyhaveprovedtobe“l(fā)emons”,oruseless.Thisphenomenonalsoappliestoourdecision-makingprocess.Humanssometimesmakebadchoicesandstickwiththemdespitenegativeconsequences.16Butingeneralbadchoiceshavetodowithactingoutofemotionandnotoutofreason.Strongemotionscancloudourthinkingandleadusdownonerabbitholeafteranother.Doublingdownonabadchoicemayalsorelatetoourself-esteemandtheabilitytoadmitmistakes.Narcissists(自戀者)usuallywon’tadmitamistakebecauseitcontradictstheirself-image.Butthefactisthatmanyofusaren’tnarcissistic.17Evenwhentrappedinabadrelationship,wemaystillstickwithit,hopingthingswilleventuallychangeforthebetter.Resilienceinvolvesmanagingstrongemotionsandpreventingthemfromfullydictatingourdecisions.Consideringemotionisimportant,enthusiasmforsomethingcanmoveusforward,butitcanalsoblockourvision.18Whilerelyingsolelyonour“gutfeeling”canbehelpful,itworksbestwhenweuseourhead,integratingintuitiveinsightswithlogicalthinking.Doublingdownisgenerallyunwise.Weneedtoacknowledgeourerrorsandbewillingtosaywe’resorryandapologize.19Infact,it’ssmarterthandenyingmistakes.Byadmittingthem,welearnvaluablelessonsandpromotepersonalgrowth.Recognizingwhentocutourlossesiscrucial,allowingustopursuenewopportunitieswithconfidence.20A．Andweoftenstrugglewiththis.B．Thereasonsforthatarecomplex.C．Makeourdecisionswithfullpassion.D．Thereisnothingwrongwithdoingthis.E．Sostoptryingtomakelemonadefrombadlemons.F．Themoreerrorsyoumake,themoreyouwilllearn.G．Weshouldconsiderwhat’sright,notjustwhatfeelsright.【答案】16．B17．A18．G19．D20．E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要講述了人類會(huì)堅(jiān)持糟糕選擇這一現(xiàn)象展開(kāi)論述，分析了其產(chǎn)生的原因，如受情緒影響、與自尊及承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤的能力相關(guān)等，同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)了韌性在于管理強(qiáng)烈情緒并結(jié)合理性思維做決策，指出加倍堅(jiān)持糟糕選擇是不明智的，應(yīng)承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤、及時(shí)止損，以促進(jìn)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)并追求新機(jī)會(huì)。16．根據(jù)前文“Humanssometimesmakebadchoicesandstickwiththemdespitenegativeconsequences.(人類有時(shí)會(huì)做出錯(cuò)誤的選擇，并且不顧負(fù)面后果堅(jiān)持下去。)”及下文“Butingeneralbadchoiceshavetodowithactingoutofemotionandnotoutofreason.(但一般來(lái)說(shuō)，糟糕的選擇是出于情感而不是出于理性。)”可知，人類做出錯(cuò)誤選擇的原因并不是單一的，與B項(xiàng)“Thereasonsforthatarecomplex.(原因很復(fù)雜。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選B項(xiàng)。17．根據(jù)上文“Narcissists(自戀者)usuallywon’tadmitamistakebecauseitcontradictstheirself-image.Butthefactisthatmanyofusaren’tnarcissistic.(自戀者通常不會(huì)承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)檫@與他們的自我形象相矛盾。但事實(shí)是，我們中的許多人并不自戀。)”及下文“Evenwhentrappedinabadrelationship,wemaystillstickwithit,hopingthingswilleventuallychangeforthebetter.(即使陷入一段糟糕的關(guān)系中，我們可能仍然堅(jiān)持下去，希望事情最終會(huì)變得更好。)”可知，很多人在承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤這件事上是有掙扎的，所以即使即使陷入一段糟糕的關(guān)系中，我們可能仍然堅(jiān)持下去，與A項(xiàng)“Andweoftenstrugglewiththis.(我們經(jīng)常為此而苦苦掙扎。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選A項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)上文“Consideringemotionisimportant,enthusiasmforsomethingcanmoveusforward,butitcanalsoblockourvision.(考慮到情感很重要，對(duì)某事的熱情可以推動(dòng)我們前進(jìn)，但它也會(huì)阻礙我們的視野。)”及下文“Whilerelyingsolelyonour“gutfeeling”canbehelpful,itworksbestwhenweuseourhead,integratingintuitiveinsightswithlogicalthinking.(雖然僅僅依靠我們的“直覺(jué)”可能會(huì)有所幫助，但當(dāng)我們使用我們的頭腦，將直覺(jué)洞察力與邏輯思維相結(jié)合時(shí)，它的效果最好。)”可知，我們做決定不能只憑感覺(jué)對(duì)，還要考慮什么是正確的，與G項(xiàng)“Weshouldconsiderwhat’sright,notjustwhatfeelsright.(我們應(yīng)該考慮什么是正確的，而不僅僅是感覺(jué)正確的。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選G項(xiàng)。19．根據(jù)上文“Doublingdownisgenerallyunwise.Weneedtoacknowledgeourerrorsandbewillingtosaywe’resorryandapologize(加倍堅(jiān)持通常是不明智的。我們需要承認(rèn)我們的錯(cuò)誤，并愿意說(shuō)對(duì)不起并道歉。)”及下文“Infact,it’ssmarterthandenyingmistakes.(事實(shí)上，這比否認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤更聰明。)”可知，承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤這件事沒(méi)有錯(cuò)，與D項(xiàng)“Thereisnothingwrongwithdoingthis.(這樣做沒(méi)有錯(cuò)。)”上下文一致，承接上文，符合文意，故選D項(xiàng)。20．根據(jù)上文“Recognizingwhentocutourlossesiscrucial,allowingustopursuenewopportunitieswithconfidence.(認(rèn)識(shí)到何時(shí)止損至關(guān)重要，這能讓我們充滿信心地去追尋新的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，要及時(shí)止損，不要再試圖從糟糕的情況中獲取好結(jié)果，與E項(xiàng)“Sostoptryingtomakelemonadefrombadlemons.(所以不要再試圖用壞檸檬制作檸檬水了。)”上下文一致，形象地總結(jié)要及時(shí)止損，符合文意，故選E項(xiàng)。二、完形填空SergioPeraltawasbornwithanunderdevelopedhand.Hisrighthandhadn’t21formedandwhenhestartedatanewschool,hefelt22.Inthefirstdaysofschool,hehonestlyfeltlike23hishand.Likenobodywouldeverfindout.Being“different”isalways24inanewschool.ButSergioneverexpectedhisclassmatestogivehimawarm25withaveryspecialgift.TheteacherofSergio’sengineeringclass,JeffWilkins,foundoutaboutSergio’s26andwantedtodosomethingforthenewstudent.Sohegavehisclassthe27ofbuildingSergioanewhand.The28completelysurprisedSergio.“Theyendedupofferingme,like,‘Wecouldbuildyourprosthetic(假的)hand’,andInever29it,”hetoldCBS.“Like,neverinamillionyears.”Forfourweeks,theclass(includingSergio)30theproject.Theydesignedthehand,3D31itandcreatedaprototype.32,theytestedSergio’snewhandbyplayingcatch,oneofthethingsSergiowasn’tabletodobefore.Itwasagreat33.“...livingwithoutahandfor15yearsandthey34offeredmetwo.Reallyprettycool.Likechangedmy35,”Sergiosaid.21．A．fully B．easily C．timely D．immediately22．A．disappointed B．a(chǎn)ngry C．nervous D．stupid23．A．showing B．hiding C．dropping D．stretching24．A．scary B．a(chǎn)ttractive C．easy D．funny25．A．reception B．hug C．smile D．welcome26．A．fault B．mistake C．hatred D．secret27．A．plan B．burden C．a(chǎn)ssignment D．test28．A．order B．gift C．pressure D．choice29．A．expected B．a(chǎn)ppreciated C．used D．received30．A．waitedfor B．workedon C．a(chǎn)ppliedfor D．talkedabout31．A．printed B．changed C．measured D．checked32．A．Curiously B．Suddenly C．Eventually D．Similarly33．A．shock B．success C．experiment D．game34．A．honestly B．proudly C．a(chǎn)ctually D．selflessly35．A．hand B．idea C．belief D．life【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．A25．D26．D27．C28．B29．A30．B31．A32．C33．B34．C35．D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了新生Sergio在新學(xué)校因天生手部殘缺感到不安，卻意外收到同學(xué)們?yōu)樗ㄖ频?D打印假手，改變了他對(duì)生活的看法。21．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他的右手還沒(méi)有完全形成，當(dāng)他進(jìn)入一所新學(xué)校時(shí)，他感到緊張。A.fully完全地；B.easily容易地；C.timely及時(shí)地；D.immediately立即地。根據(jù)前文的“SergioPeraltawasbornwithanunderdevelopedhand”可知，Sergio出生時(shí)一只手發(fā)育不全，所以他的右手沒(méi)有完全成形。故選A。22．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的右手還沒(méi)有完全形成，當(dāng)他進(jìn)入一所新學(xué)校時(shí)，他感到緊張。A.disappointed失望的；B.angry生氣的；C.nervous緊張的；D.stupid愚蠢的。根據(jù)前文的“Hisrighthandhadn’tformedandwhenhestartedatanewschool”和后文的“Being“different”isalwaysinanewschool.”可知，Sergio的右手沒(méi)有完全形成，且在一個(gè)新學(xué)校里，與眾不同總是很可怕的，所以Sergio感到緊張。故選C。23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在開(kāi)學(xué)的前幾天，他真想把自己的手藏起來(lái)。A.showing展示；B.hiding隱藏；C.dropping掉落；D.stretching伸展。根據(jù)后文的“Likenobodywouldeverfindout.”可知，Sergio想要隱藏自己的手，不希望別人發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個(gè)新學(xué)校里，與眾不同總是很可怕的。A.scary可怕的；B.attractive有吸引力的；C.easy容易的；D.funny有趣的。根據(jù)前文“Hisrighthandhadn’tformedandwhenhestartedatanewschool,hefelt.Inthefirstdaysofschool,hehonestlyfeltlikehishand.Likenobodywouldeverfindout”可知，提到的Sergio因?yàn)樽约旱牟煌械骄o張，因?yàn)樵谝粋€(gè)新學(xué)校里，與眾不同是令人感到害怕的。故選A。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但Sergio從未期待他的同學(xué)們會(huì)用一份非常特別的禮物來(lái)熱情地歡迎他。A.reception接待；B.hug擁抱；C.smile微笑；D.welcome歡迎。根據(jù)后文的“withaveryspecialgift”可知，Sergio從未期待自己的同學(xué)們用一份特別的禮物來(lái)歡迎他。故選D。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Sergio的工程課老師JeffWilkins發(fā)現(xiàn)了Sergio的秘密，并想為這位新學(xué)生做些什么。A.fault過(guò)錯(cuò)；B.mistake錯(cuò)誤；C.hatred仇恨；D.secret秘密。根據(jù)前文“hehonestlyfeltlikehishand.Likenobodywouldeverfindout”和“TheteacherofSergio’sengineeringclass,JeffWilkins,foundoutaboutSergio’s”可知，前文提到Sergio想要隱藏自己的手，可知這是一個(gè)秘密，此處指老師發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個(gè)秘密。故選D。27．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以他給全班布置了一個(gè)任務(wù)，就是為Sergio制作一只新的手。A.plan計(jì)劃；B.burden負(fù)擔(dān)；C.assignment任務(wù)；D.test測(cè)試。根據(jù)后文的“ofbuildingSergioanewhand”和“Forfourweeks,theclass(includingSergio)theproject”可知，JeffWilkins給全班布置了一個(gè)任務(wù)。故選C。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這份禮物完全讓Sergio感到驚訝。A.order命令；B.gift禮物；C.pressure壓力；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)前文的“withaveryspecialgift”可知，這里指的是JeffWilkins帶領(lǐng)全班給Sergio的禮物，這份禮物讓Sergio感到驚訝。故選B。29．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他在接受哥倫比亞廣播公司采訪時(shí)表示：“他們最后對(duì)我說(shuō)，‘我們可以幫你做一只假肢’，我從沒(méi)預(yù)料過(guò)會(huì)這樣?！盇.expected預(yù)料；B.appreciated感激；C.used使用；D.received收到。根據(jù)前文的“ButSergioneverexpectedhisclassmatestogivehimawarmwithaveryspecialgift.”可知，Sergio從未預(yù)料到同學(xué)們會(huì)給他制作一個(gè)假手。故選A。30．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：四個(gè)星期里，全班同學(xué)（包括Sergio）都致力于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。A.waitedfor等待；B.workedon致力于；C.appliedfor申請(qǐng)；D.talkedabout談?wù)?。根?jù)后文的“Theydesignedthehand,3D

itandcreatedaprototype.”可知，全班同學(xué)都致力于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選B。31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了這只手，3D打印了它，并制作了一個(gè)原型。A.printed打??；B.changed改變；C.measured測(cè)量；D.checked檢查。根據(jù)前文的“Theydesignedthehand,3D”和后文的“createdaprototype”可知，他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)并3D打印了這只假手。故選A。32．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，他們通過(guò)玩接球游戲來(lái)測(cè)試Sergio的新手，這是Sergio以前做不到的事情之一。A.Curiously好奇地；B.Suddenly突然地；C.Eventually最終；D.Similarly相似地。根據(jù)前文提到的“Theydesignedthehand,3Ditandcreatedaprototype.”和后文的“theytestedSergio’snewhandbyplayingcatch,oneofthethingsSergiowasn’tabletodobefore.”可知，經(jīng)過(guò)一系列的設(shè)計(jì)、打印和制作原型后，他們最終測(cè)試了Sergio的新手。故選C。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)巨大的成功。A.shock震驚；B.success成功；C.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；D.game游戲。根據(jù)后文的“l(fā)ivingwithoutahandfor15yearsandthey_____offeredmetwo.Reallyprettycool.”可知，Sergio的新手是一個(gè)巨大的成功。故選B。34．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：15年來(lái)沒(méi)有一只手，他們實(shí)際上給了我兩只。A.honestly誠(chéng)實(shí)地；B.proudly自豪地；C.actually實(shí)際上；D.selflessly無(wú)私地。根據(jù)后文的“offeredmetwo”可知，他們實(shí)際上給了Sergio兩只新手。故選C。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像改變了我的生活一樣。A.hand手；B.idea想法；C.belief信仰；D.life生活。根據(jù)前文“hehonestlyfeltlikehishand.Likenobodywouldeverfindout.”和“theytestedSergio’snewhandbyplayingcatch,oneofthethingsSergiowasn’tabletodobefore”、“Reallyprettycool”可知，這只新手改變了Sergio的生活，不只是新手給了他生活上的便利，也由情感上的變化。故選D。三、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Devotedtoimprovinghealthcareinless-developedregions,LuShengmei,80yearsold,36(receive)thenationalhonorarytitleofPeople’sHealthWorkeronSunday.LuspearheadedeffortstopromotesaferchildbirthpracticeinJiaxiancounty,including37(establish)thefirstindependentpediatrics(兒科)departmentatthePeople’sHospitalofJiaxian.WhenLufirstarrivedinthecountydeepinthemountainsinShaanxiin1968,shewas3824-year-oldgraduatefromoneofthetopmedicalschoolsinBeijing.Initially,shewasfrustratedbythedesolatelandscapeandbroken-downfacilities.But39trulytwistedherheartatthattime,shesaid,wasthebackwardanddangerouspracticesoflocalmidwivesandthehardshipsfacedbyexpectantmothersand40(newborn)inJiaxian.Manyquestionedher41(decide)toworkinthemountainouscounty.AnativeofBeijing,Lusaidthatherfamilymemberstriedseveraltimestopersuadeher42(return)tothecapital.Herinstructorsalsoofferedtohelphertransfertolargerurbanhospitals.“HavingwitnessedthelackofdoctorsandmedicinesinJiaxian,IbelievedthatI43(need)theremorethananywhereelse,”shesaid.Afterretirement,shecontinuedtoprovidefreemedicalsuggestions44avolunteerandformedalocalvolunteerassociationcomprisingseniorsandretireeslikeher.“Iseemyselfasakite,andwheneverapatientinneedpullsonthestring,I45(instant)flytotheirdirection,”shesaid.【答案】36．received