湖南省常德市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省常德市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheBritishMuseumReadingRoominLondonismorethanjustarepositoryofbooks;it’sahistoricalandarchitecturaliconthathasattractedscholarsandtouristsalikeforoveracentury.NestledintheheartoftheBritishMuseum’sGreatCourt,thismagnificentstructure,openeditsdoorsin1857.Ithashostednumerousnotablefigures,includingKarlMarx,SirArthurConanDoyle,OscarWilde,SylviaPankhurst,BramStoker,JosephConrad,Lenin,andGeorgeOrwell.Theirapplicationsforreaders’ticketsandsignaturesarepreservedintheCentralArchive.Whetheryou’reahistoryenthusiast,anarchitectureaficionado,orsimplyacurioustraveler,thisguideprovidescomprehensiveinformationtohelpyoumakethemostofyourvisittothisiconiclandmark.TicketsEntrytotheReadingRoomisfree,butspecialexhibitionsmayhaveafee.ChecktheBritishMuseum’sofficialwebsiteforthelatestticketpricesandbookinginformation.VisitingHoursTheReadingRoomisopendailyfrom10:00AMto5:30PM.It’sadvisabletocheckforanychangesinopeninghoursduringholidaysorspecialevents.FAQIstheReadingRoomopentothepublic?Yes,itisopentothepublic,butcheckforanyspecialeventsorclosures.DoIneedtobookinadvance?Forgeneralentry,nobookingisrequired,butspecialexhibitionsmayneedtickets.Areguidedtoursavailable?Yes,guidedtoursareavailable.ChecktheBritishMuseum’swebsitefordetails.CanItakephotosinsidetheReadingRoom?Yes,photographyisallowed,butpleaseberespectfulofothervisitors.Formoreupdates,followusonsocialmediaandcheckoutrelatedpostsonourwebsite.1.WhatisspecialabouttheReadingRoomaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Itisahistoricalandpoliticalsymbol.B.Ithasthelargestcollectionofbooks.C.Itisalibrarywiththelongesthistory.D.Itwasvisitedbysomefamouspeople.2.Whatarethevisitorsrequiredtodo?A.Buyaticketbeforeenteringit.B.Takepartinthespecialevents.C.Respectotherswhentakingphotos.D.Makeanappointmentaheadofaday.3.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthetext?A.Inaguide’sdiary. B.Inanacademicjournal.C.Inageographybook. D.Onatourguidewebsite.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文簡要介紹了倫敦大英博物館閱覽室，它是一個兼具書籍收藏功能與歷史文化、建筑標(biāo)志意義的場所。文章還提供了有關(guān)門票、開放時間、常見問題等參觀信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“it’sahistoricalandarchitecturaliconthathasattractedscholarsandtouristsalikeforoveracentury.NestledintheheartoftheBritishMuseum’sGreatCourt,thismagnificentstructure,openeditsdoorsin1857.Ithashostednumerousnotablefigures,includingKarlMarx,SirArthurConanDoyle,OscarWilde,SylviaPankhurst,BramStoker,JosephConrad,Lenin,andGeorgeOrwell.

(它是一個一個多世紀(jì)以來一直吸引著學(xué)者和游客的歷史和建筑標(biāo)志。它坐落于大英博物館大中庭的心臟地帶，這座宏偉的建筑于1857年對外開放。這里曾接待過眾多知名人士，包括卡爾·馬克思、亞瑟·柯南·道爾爵士、奧斯卡·王爾德、西爾維婭·潘克赫斯特、布拉姆·斯托克、約瑟夫·康拉德、列寧和喬治·奧威爾。)”可知，閱覽室是一個歷史和建筑的標(biāo)志，一個多世紀(jì)以來吸引了學(xué)者和游客，包括許多名人。因此，它的特別之處在于一些名人曾經(jīng)參觀過。故選D項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FAQ部分的“CanItakephotosinsidetheReadingRoom?Yes,photographyisallowed,butpleaseberespectfulofothervisitors.(我可以在閱覽室里拍照嗎？是的，允許拍照，但請尊重其他游客。)”可知，參觀者被要求拍照時要尊重他人。故選C項。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)，特別是“Tickets(票)”；“VisitingHours(參觀時間)”；“FAQ(常見問題)”等部分，以及最后一段“Formoreupdates,followusonsocialmediaandcheckoutrelatedpostsonourwebsite.(更多信息，請在社交媒體上關(guān)注我們，并查看我們網(wǎng)站上的相關(guān)帖子。)”可知，這篇文章提供了關(guān)于大英博物館閱覽室參觀的詳細(xì)信息，包括門票、開放時間、常見問題等，且建議在社交媒體上關(guān)注以獲取更多更新，因此這篇文章很可能出現(xiàn)在旅游指南網(wǎng)站上。故選D項。BNottoolongago,Iwasatthegrocerystorewithmyhusband,andanelderlymaninfrontofuswasusingaSupplementalNutritionAssistanceProgram(SNAP)card.Thecardreaderkeptrejectinghispayment.Hehadapparentlygoneoverhislimitforthemonth.Hewasconfusedandmorethanalittledistressedaboutthesituation.WhileIwastryingtodecideifIwouldoffertostepinandpaythedifference,theyoungmancheckinghimoutsaid,“Sir,thishappensallthetime.It’snotaproblem.”Thelinebehinduswasgrowinglong,buttheyoungmandidn’tshowanounceofimpatienceorirritation.Heconfirmedthatthemanwas,indeed,overhislimitforthemonth.Turnedout,hewasn’toverbymuch,sothecheckerhelpedthecustomerdeterminewhichtwoorthreeitemsthathecouldmakedowithoutuntilhisaccountwastoppedup.“You’lldefinitelywanttokeepthemilkandthebutterandtheeggsandthebread.”Thentheclerkpulledoutajarofsalsa,abottleofjuiceandsomecrackersthatheandhiscustomeragreedcouldwaituntilthebeginningofthenewmonth.Theyoungmanassuredhisoldercustomer,onceagain,thatthiswasacommonoccurrenceandnotaproblematall.Themanleftwithhisdignityintact(完好無損的)and,nodoubt,witharenewedsenseofloyaltytothatgrocery-storechain.Whenitwasmyturn,Imadenoteofthenameonhisnametag,andwhenIgothome,Isentane-mailtothemanagerofthestorepraisingtheemployeeforhiskindnessandcustomerservice.Igotareturne-mailthatdaywiththanksfromthemanager,lettingmeknowthatmynotewouldbeincludedintheemployee’sfileandnotedeachtimehewasupforaraiseorpromotion.Whilehisactofkindnessmadeapositiveimpactonthelifeofsomeonewhowasstrugglingthatday,Ihopemyactofkindnessatleasthadapositiveeffectonthatyoungman’scareer—andpossiblyhispaycheck.4.WhathappenedwhentheelderlymanwasusinghisSNAPcard?A.HeforgothisPINcode. B.Hewasoverhismonthlybudget.C.Thecardreaderwasbroken. D.Hegotangrywiththestore’sservice.5.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheyoungman?A.Helpfulandconsiderate. B.Cleverandloyal.C.Generousandenergetic. D.Braveanddiligent.6.Whatdidtheauthordofortheyoungman?.A.Shepraisedhimonthespot. B.Shepromotedhimtobethemanager.C.Shegavehimapayraise. D.Sheinformedthemanagerofhisdeed.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletohelpeachother.B.Toshowhergratitudetotheyoungman.C.Toshareastoryabouttheactofkindness.D.Toexpresshersympathyfortheelderlyman.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者去商店購物，結(jié)賬時遇到了一名年輕收銀員非常耐心地幫助一位SNAP卡超出當(dāng)月支付限額的老人。作者寫信給商店經(jīng)理，贊揚(yáng)了這名收銀員，希望能為他的事業(yè)帶來積極的影響?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thecardreaderkeptrejectinghispayment.Hehadapparentlygoneoverhislimitforthemonth.(讀卡器一直拒絕他付款，他顯然已經(jīng)超過了這個月的限額)”可知，在老人使用SNAP卡結(jié)賬時，讀卡器一直拒絕他付款，顯然他超出了每月的支付預(yù)算。故選B。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Turnedout,hewasn’toverbymuch,sothecheckerhelpedthecustomerdeterminewhichtwoorthreeitemsthathecouldmakedowithoutuntilhisaccountwastoppedup.(結(jié)果，他沒有超支太多，所以這個收銀員幫助這個顧客確定在他的賬戶充值之前，他可以不需要哪兩三樣物品)”和第五段“Theyoungmanassuredhisoldercustomer,onceagain,thatthiswasacommonoccurrenceandnotaproblematall.Themanleftwithhisdignityintact(完好無損的)and,nodoubt,witharenewedsenseofloyaltytothatgrocery-storechain.(年輕人再次向他的老顧客保證，這是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事，根本不是問題。這個人帶著完整的尊嚴(yán)離開了，毫無疑問，他對這家連鎖雜貨店又有了一種忠誠感)”可知，這個年輕的收銀員不僅幫助老人解決了問題，還非常體貼了保護(hù)了他的自尊心。由此推知，他既樂于助人，又體貼周到。故選A。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Whenitwasmyturn,Imadenoteofthenameonhisnametag,andwhenIgothome,Isentane-mailtothemanagerofthestorepraisingtheemployeeforhiskindnessandcustomerservice.(輪到我的時候，我記下了他名牌上的名字?；氐郊液?，我給店經(jīng)理發(fā)了一封電子郵件，稱贊他的善良和對顧客的服務(wù))”可知，作者將這個收銀員的行為告訴了經(jīng)理。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilehisactofkindnessmadeapositiveimpactonthelifeofsomeonewhowasstrugglingthatday,Ihopemyactofkindnessatleasthadapositiveeffectonthatyoungman’scareer—andpossiblyhispaycheck.(雖然他的善舉對那個正在掙扎的人的生活產(chǎn)生了積極的影響，但我希望我的善舉至少對那個年輕人的職業(yè)生涯產(chǎn)生了積極的影響——可能還有他的薪水)”和文章內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要是為了分享一個關(guān)于善舉的故事。故選C。CHaveyoueverjoyouslysteppedouttoyourbackyardgarden,freshlybrewedcoffeeinhand,onlytofindyourcared-forplantsandherbswilted(枯萎的)anddying?Wasthesoiltoodry?Didpestsfindtheirwayin?Duringtimeslikethese,somefrustratedgardenersmaywishtheirfickleficus(榕樹)wouldjusttellthemwhatitneeds.AnewMicrosoft-partneredprojectintheUKistryingtoseeifthatconceptcanbedemonstratedinthereal-world.Nextyear,theRoyalHorticulturalSocietyinEnglandwillshowoffan“intelligentgarden”thatusesanAImodeltomonitorthegarden’senvironmentandinformgardenerswhenitneedscare.VisitorscanasktheAI-poweredgardenquestions.Themodelcouldthenrespondwithphraseslike“Ineedabitmorewater,”or“Icoulduseahaircut”dependingondatacapturedinthesoil.ThetechnicalcomponentsofthegardenaretheproductofapartnershipbetweenAIstart-upAvandeandMicrosoft.Thegardenreliesonanetworkofsensorsnestledthroughoutthegardenmeasuringenvironmentalfactorslikesoilmoisture,alkalinity(堿度),andnutrientlevelsaswellaswindandprojectedrainfall.AllofthatdataisthensenttoaspeciallydesignedAImodelatthebackofthegarden.Themodel,poweredbyMicrosoft’sAzureOpenAIService,canthenanalyzethosefactorsandinformgardenersonbestfeeding,watering,ortrimming.Intheory,insightsprovidedbymodelslikethisonecouldhelpgardenersallocateresourcesefficientlyandavoidover-wateringplantsbeforerainfall,bothofwhichcanaidinsustainabilityefforts.Thosetoolscouldbeawelcomeconvenienceforcasualgrowersorbusinesseslookingtoreducecosts.It’sunclear,however,whethereventhebestmodelscanaccountforsomethingabnormalandindividualplanttendencieswiththesamelevelofcareasexperiencedgardeners.SeveralcurrentlyavailableappsalsouseAItohelpgardenersidentifyunknownplantsbycomparingaphotoofthemagainstalargeonlinedatabase.Butaspastreportinghasshown,simplytrustinganAItotellyouwhetheraplantorfungiofunknownoriginissafetoeatisn’twise,andcouldhavedangerousresults.8.WhatwillAIbeusedtodoingardeningaccordingtothetext?A.Lookaftertheplantsinplaceofgardeners.B.Helpthegardenersinteractwiththeplants.C.Improvetheconditionofsoilinthegarden.D.Designtheenvironmentally-friendlygardens.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Howtheintelligentgardenworks.B.Whytheintelligentgardenispopular.C.Howtheintelligentgardenwasinvented.D.Whatadvantagestheintelligentgardenhas.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinsightsmeaninparagraph4?A.Experience. B.Data. C.Methods. D.Tests.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardAI’suseingardening?A.Unclear. B.Approving. C.Objective. D.Negative.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要講述英國皇家園藝學(xué)會將展示一個“智能花園”，該花園利用人工智能模型監(jiān)測環(huán)境并在植物需要照顧時通知園丁?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Nextyear,theRoyalHorticulturalSocietyinEnglandwillshowoffan‘intelligentgarden’thatusesanAImodeltomonitorthegarden’senvironmentandinformgardenerswhenitneedscare.VisitorscanasktheAI-poweredgardenquestions.Themodelcouldthenrespondwithphrases…(明年，英國皇家園藝學(xué)會將展示一個“智能花園”，它使用人工智能模型來監(jiān)測花園的環(huán)境，并在需要護(hù)理時通知園丁。游客可以向人工智能花園提問。然后，模型可以用短語進(jìn)行響應(yīng)……)”可知，英國皇家園藝學(xué)會將展示一個使用人工智能模型監(jiān)測花園環(huán)境并在需要時通知園丁的“智能花園”，游客還可以向這個由人工智能驅(qū)動的花園提問。因此，人工智能在園藝中將被用來幫助園丁與植物互動。故選B項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thegardenreliesonanetworkofsensorsnestledthroughoutthegardenmeasuringenvironmentalfactorslikesoilmoisture,alkalinity(堿度),andnutrientlevelsaswellaswindandprojectedrainfall.AllofthatdataisthensenttoaspeciallydesignedAImodelatthebackofthegarden.

(花園依靠遍布花園的傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)來測量環(huán)境因素，如土壤濕度、堿度、營養(yǎng)水平以及風(fēng)和預(yù)計降雨量。然后，所有這些數(shù)據(jù)被發(fā)送到花園后面一個特別設(shè)計的人工智能模型。)”以及“Themodel,poweredbyMicrosoft’sAzureOpenAIService,canthenanalyzethosefactorsandinformgardenersonbestfeeding,watering,ortrimming.(該模型由微軟的Azure開放人工智能服務(wù)提供支持，然后可以分析這些因素，并告知園丁最好的喂養(yǎng)、澆水或修剪。)”可知，本段主要介紹了智能花園的技術(shù)依靠遍布花園的傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)測量環(huán)境因素，并將所有這些數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到花園后部的一個專門設(shè)計的人工智能模型，該模型由微軟的Azure提供支持，然后分析這些因素，并向園丁提供最佳施肥、澆水和修剪的建議。因此，本段主要講述的是智能花園的工作原理。故選A項?！?0題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thegardenreliesonanetworkofsensorsnestledthroughoutthegardenmeasuringenvironmentalfactorslikesoilmoisture,alkalinity(堿度),andnutrientlevelsaswellaswindandprojectedrainfall.AllofthatdataisthensenttoaspeciallydesignedAImodelatthebackofthegarden.

(花園依靠遍布花園的傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)來測量環(huán)境因素，如土壤濕度、堿度、營養(yǎng)水平以及風(fēng)和預(yù)計降雨量。然后，所有這些數(shù)據(jù)被發(fā)送到花園后面一個特別設(shè)計的人工智能模型。)”以及根據(jù)畫線詞后的內(nèi)容“…providedbymodelslikethisonecouldhelpgardenersallocateresourcesefficientlyandavoidover-wateringplantsbeforerainfall,bothofwhichcanaidinsustainabilityefforts(像這樣的模型提供的……可以幫助園丁有效地分配資源，避免在降雨前過度澆水，這兩者都有助于可持續(xù)發(fā)展)”可知，花園依靠遍布花園的傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)來測量環(huán)境因素，如土壤濕度、堿度、營養(yǎng)水平以及風(fēng)和預(yù)計降雨量。然后，所有這些數(shù)據(jù)被發(fā)送到花園后面一個特別設(shè)計的人工智能模型；園丁高效地分配資源，避免在降雨前過度澆水，實現(xiàn)這兩者的條件是該模型所提供的相關(guān)信息。由此可知，畫線詞意思為“信息，數(shù)據(jù)”與B選項“Data.(數(shù)據(jù)，信息)”為同義詞。故選B項。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Intheory,insightsprovidedbymodelslikethisonecouldhelpgardenersallocateresourcesefficientlyandavoidover-wateringplantsbeforerainfall,bothofwhichcanaidinsustainabilityefforts.Thosetoolscouldbeawelcomeconvenienceforcasualgrowersorbusinesseslookingtoreducecosts.It’sunclear,however,whethereventhebestmodelscanaccountforsomethingabnormalandindividualplanttendencieswiththesamelevelofcareasexperiencedgardeners(從理論上講，像這樣的模型提供的見解可以幫助園丁有效地分配資源，避免在降雨前過度澆水，這兩者都有助于可持續(xù)發(fā)展。這些工具對于臨時種植者或希望降低成本的企業(yè)來說可能是一個受歡迎的便利。然而，目前尚不清楚的是，即使是最好的模型，是否也能以與經(jīng)驗豐富的園丁相同的護(hù)理水平來解釋一些異常和個別植物的趨勢)”可知，作者既提到了人工智能在園藝方面的積極作用，如幫助園丁高效地分配資源和避免在降雨前過度澆水，也指出了其局限性，即即使是最好的模型也不一定能像經(jīng)驗豐富的園丁那樣照顧到異常情況和個體植物的習(xí)性。因此，作者對人工智能在園藝方面的使用持客觀態(tài)度。故選C項。DForalongtime,psychologistsbelievedin“catharsistheory,”ortheideathatit’sbettertoreleasenegativeemotionsthanholdontothem.Itcanfeeldownrightdelicioustovent(發(fā)泄)toyourlovedonesaboutlife’sannoyances,bigandsmall.Youmaythinkit’shealthytocomplainaboutthatannoyingworkassignmentorrudecommentbutresearchsuggestsotherwise.Venting“istheworstthingyoucando”whenyou’remad,saysBradBushman,aprofessorofcommunicationattheOhioStateUniversitywhostudiesthetopic.It’s“addingmorefueltothefire.”Bushmandemonstratedinhisstudythatwhenpeopleexpressedanger,suchasbyhittingapunchingbag(沙袋),theyonlygetmoreannoyedandaggressive.That’snotgood,becauseresearchsuggestsangerislinkedtoavarietyofmentalandmaybeevenphysicalhealthproblems.Discussingafrustratingconversationorsocialslightindetailscancauserumination—thepsychologicaltermforfocusingonnegativethoughtsandfeelings—andblowoutofproportionrelativelyminorannoyances.Neitherishealthy.Indeed,ventingwaslinkedtopoorermentalhealth,whilemethodslikeaccepting,jokingabout,andpositivelyanalyzingthesituationseemedtoboostwell-being.“Youshouldgenerallyacthowyouhopetofeel,”Bushmansays.Formostpeople,thatmeanstryingtomovepastangerratherthangettingstuckinit.Whenyoufeelyourselfgettingstuckinthesituationofventing,lookforhealthierstrategies.Ifyogaandmeditationaren’tyourthing,tryaquickshiftinperspective.Bushmanrecommendsthe“fly-on-the-wall”technique,whichchallengesangrypeopletoimaginethemselvesasathirdpartyobservingthesituationthatmadethemanger.It’shealthiertolookforbroadermeaninginanannoyingsituation(Think:“youcan’talwaysgetwhatyouwant”)thantofocusoneverylastannoyingdetail.“Andfinally,don’tunderestimatetheimpactofbeinghangry—thatis,gettingangrywhenyou’rehungry.It’sarealphenomenon.Sonexttimeyoufeelyourselfgearingupforaventingsession,thinkofgrabbingasnackandtakingafewdeepbreathsinstead,”saysBushman.12.Whichofthefollowingbelongsto“catharsistheory”?A.Havingagoodsleepwhenfeelingupset.B.Talkingangrilyaboutannoyingsituations.C.Forgettingabouttheangerandstayingpositive.D.Breathingdeeplywhenfacingrudebehaviours.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Releasingangerisharmfultoourhealth.B.Hittingapunchingbagcanlessenanger.C.Acceptingisn’tagoodwaytoavoidanger.D.Complainingcanremoveminorannoyances.14.WhatisBushman’ssuggestion?A.Seethingsdifferently. B.Beforgivingandtolerant.C.Keepinthestateofhunger. D.Seekforprofessionaladvice.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowCanWeDealwithLife’sAnnoyances?B.WhyNotRunWhenFacingAnnoyingSituations?C.IsVentingHealthy,orDoesItMakeThingsWorse?D.WhichOneIsBetter,BeingActiveorBeingPeaceful?【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，長久以來心理學(xué)家所認(rèn)為的“宣泄理論”存在誤區(qū)，即發(fā)泄負(fù)面情緒并非有益健康，而是可能帶來更糟的結(jié)果，文章還介紹了一些處理憤怒情緒的健康策略?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Foralongtime,psychologistsbelievedin“catharsistheory,”ortheideathatit’sbettertoreleasenegativeemotionsthanholdontothem.Itcanfeeldownrightdelicioustovent( 發(fā)泄 )toyourlovedonesaboutlife’sannoyances,bigandsmall.Youmaythinkit’shealthytocomplainaboutthatannoyingworkassignmentorrudecommentbutresearchsuggestsotherwise.(很長一段時間以來，心理學(xué)家都相信‘宣泄理論’，即釋放負(fù)面情緒比壓抑它們更好。向你愛的人發(fā)泄生活中的煩惱，無論大小，都是一種非常美味的感覺。你可能認(rèn)為抱怨煩人的工作任務(wù)或粗魯?shù)脑u論是健康的，但研究表明并非如此。)”可知，“catharsistheory”（宣泄理論）指的是釋放負(fù)面情緒比壓抑它們更好的觀點(diǎn)，這種宣泄負(fù)面情緒的方式包括向你愛的人發(fā)泄生活中的煩惱、抱怨煩人的工作任務(wù)、粗魯?shù)脑u論等。由此可知，選項B“憤怒地談?wù)搻廊说那闆r”符合宣泄理論。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Bushmandemonstratedinhisstudythatwhenpeopleexpressedanger,suchasbyhittingapunchingbag(沙袋),theyonlygetmoreannoyedandaggressive.That’snotgood,becauseresearchsuggestsangerislinkedtoavarietyofmentalandmaybeevenphysicalhealthproblems.(布什曼在他的研究中表明，當(dāng)人們表達(dá)憤怒時，比如通過擊打沙袋，他們只會變得更惱怒和更具攻擊性。這是不好的，因為研究表明憤怒與多種心理甚至可能是身體健康問題有關(guān))”可知，釋放憤怒會讓人更惱怒和有攻擊性，且憤怒與多種心理甚至可能是身體健康問題相關(guān)，所以釋放憤怒對我們的健康有害。故選A項?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二段“Bushmanrecommendsthe“fly-on-the-wall”technique,whichchallengesangrypeopletoimaginethemselvesasathirdpartyobservingthesituationthatmadethemanger.It’shealthiertolookforbroadermeaninginanannoyingsituation(Think:“youcan’talwaysgetwhatyouwant”)thantofocusoneverylastannoyingdetail.(布什曼推薦‘置身事外的觀察者’技巧，該技巧要求憤怒的人想象自己是第三方，在一旁觀察令他們生氣的情形。在令人煩惱的情形中尋找更廣泛的意義，這樣做更有益于健康。)”說明，Bushman推薦“置身事外的觀察者”技巧，讓憤怒的人從第三方視角看問題，在惱人情境中尋找更廣泛意義，也就是從不同角度看事情。故選A項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意指出題。文章開篇提出長久以來心理學(xué)家都相信“catharsistheory”可能存在誤區(qū)，研究這一課題的傳播學(xué)教授BradBushman生氣時發(fā)泄“是你能做的最糟糕的事情”，是“火上澆油”。接著第二段指出Bushman的研究表明宣泄憤怒（venting）可能會讓情況更糟，不是健康的方式，最后兩段介紹了一些比宣泄憤怒更健康的應(yīng)對方式，所以“IsVentingHealthy,orDoesItMakeThingsWorse?(宣泄是健康的，還是會讓事情變得更糟？)”能很好地概括文章主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Eatingwhiledoingsomethingelsecanleadtounhealthyhabits.Youmightconsumemoreunhealthyfoodthanyourealize,orgetintothehabitofeatingwhenyouaren’tevenhungry.___16___Mindfuleatingfocusesonthewhyandthehowofeating.Therearesomestepsyoucantaketobeginmindfuleating.___17___Inotherwords,foodisneithergoodnorbad.Youshouldpayattentiontohowthatfoodmayhelpyoufeelintheshortterm.Doesthatfoodprovideyouwithenergy?Doesitprovideyouwithastrongdesiretoeatmoreofthatfood?Puttogetheradailyfoodplan.Ifyougointothedaywithaplan,includesomeofthosehigher-calorieorless-healthyfoods,maybeinsmalleramountsorlessoften.TheproportionisOKbecauseyoucangetmostofyourneededdailynutrientsifyou’reeatinghealthfullyabout80%,85%ofthetime.___18___.Schedulesmallermealsaboutthreehoursapart.Thesemaybeasmallmini-meal,suchasayogurtandapieceoffruitandasmallhandfulofnuts.___19___It’smorehavingsomethingtocarryyouover,soyoudon’tgotoolongwithouteatingandgointothenextmeal.Seekoutpeopleforsupport.In-personandvirtualsupportgroupsareaninvaluablewaytohelpkeepyouaccountable.Theyhaveexperiencedandpracticalstrategiesandtheymaypasstheknowledgeontoyou.Peer(同齡人)supportinthesegroupsisalsobeneficial.___20___Afterall,therearealwaysotherswhohavebeeninyourshoesbefore.A.Focusonthequalityofyourdiet.B.Itdoesn’thavetobeaformalmeal.C.Nothingismoreimportantthanfeelingunderstood.D.Developanon-judgmentalapproachtowhatyoueat.E.Apracticeknownasmindfuleatingcangetyoubackontrack.F.Learninghowtoeatmindfullyalsoreflectsashiftinperspective.G.Don’tputtoomuchpressureonyourselfbyexpectingperfectioneveryday.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.B20.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了如何通過正念飲食養(yǎng)成健康飲食習(xí)慣的方法，包括不評判食物好壞、制定日常飲食計劃、安排小餐時間以及尋求他人支持等方面的建議?！?6題詳析】上文“Eatingwhiledoingsomethingelsecanleadtounhealthyhabits.Youmightconsumemoreunhealthyfoodthanyourealize,orgetintothehabitofeatingwhenyouaren’tevenhungry.(一邊做其他事情一邊吃東西會導(dǎo)致不健康的習(xí)慣。你可能會攝入比你意識到的更多的不健康食物，或者養(yǎng)成在不餓的時候也吃東西的習(xí)慣。)”指出了一邊做事一邊吃東西的壞處；E選項“Apracticeknownasmindfuleatingcangetyoubackontrack.(一種被稱為正念飲食的做法可以讓你回到正軌。)”提出了解決問題的方法，即正念飲食，能夠讓人們回歸健康的飲食習(xí)慣，與前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文對正念飲食的介紹。故選E?！?7題詳析】下文“Inotherwords,foodisneithergoodnorbad.(換句話說，食物沒有好壞之分。)”是對所填句子的進(jìn)一步解釋，說明對待食物應(yīng)該采取非評判性的態(tài)度；D選項“Developanon-judgmentalapproachtowhatyoueat.(對你吃的東西采取一種非評判性的態(tài)度。)”直接提出了對待食物的態(tài)度，即不評判食物的好壞，與下文形成呼應(yīng)。故選D?！?8題詳析】上文“TheproportionisOKbecauseyoucangetmostofyourneededdailynutrientsifyou’reeatinghealthfullyabout80%,85%ofthetime.(這個比例是可以的，因為如果你大約80%、85%的時間里都吃得健康，你就能獲得大部分所需的日常營養(yǎng)。)”指出健康飲食的比例是合理的；G選項“Don’tputtoomuchpressureonyourselfbyexpectingperfectioneveryday.(不要因為每天都追求完美而給自己太大壓力。)”承接上文，提出了對待健康飲食的態(tài)度，即不要追求完美，與前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，同時引出下文對合理安排飲食的建議。故選G?！?9題詳析】上文“Schedulesmallermealsaboutthreehoursapart.Thesemaybeasmallmini-meal,suchasayogurtandapieceoffruitandasmallhandfulofnuts.(每隔大約三個小時安排一頓小餐。這可能是一頓小餐，比如一杯酸奶、一塊水果和一小把堅果。)”介紹了安排小餐的建議；B選項“Itdoesn’thavetobeaformalmeal.(這不一定是一頓正式的飯。)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步說明了這些小餐不必是正式的飯，與前文形成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，同時引出下文對這些小餐作用的解釋。故選B?！?0題詳析】上文“Peer(同齡人)supportinthesegroupsisalsobeneficial.(在這些小組中，同齡人的支持也是有益的。)”指出同齡人的支持是有益的；C選項“Nothingismoreimportantthanfeelingunderstood.(沒有什么比被理解更重要了。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了被理解的重要性，與前文形成呼應(yīng)，同時作為本段最后一句，總結(jié)了同齡人支持的好處，即讓人們感到被理解。故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Freshoutofcollegeandnewly-married,myhusbandandIlivedinaneconomicallychallengedcommunity.Wemovedfromonetemporaryjobtoanother,___21___makingendsmeet,withthedistantdreamofowningahouse.Fortunately,byrarechanceoneday,a(n)___22___came.Duringacampingtrip,wespottedafor-salesign___23___apieceoflandbyLakeSuperior—apotentialcampsite.Thiswildpieceofwaterfrontpropertywasrelativelyinexpensivebutneededworkto___24___theunclearedland.Wewereyoungandenergetic,yetunsurewhetherweshouldtakeit.WeturnedtoSteve’suncle.UncleJoewasa___25___andkind-heartedmanwhose___26___wevalued.HehadpreviouslyofferedStevewiseadvice.“Make___27___decisionsthatleadtohappinessandwealth.”Indwellingon(糾結(jié))the___28___factorofpurchasingit,Stevesoughthisuncle’sadviceagain.“Willyouregretnotseizingthischance?”Weknewtheanswer.Thenextday,wemanagedto___29___enoughmoneyforourfirstsignificantpurchase.Wethenwastednotime____30____apathtothewaterfront,andspenteverypossiblemomentthere,camping,swimming,andbuildingdreams.Thatpursuitgaveusthecourageto____31____abiggerproject.Twoyearslater,withsecure____32____,weusedourcampsiteascollateral(抵押物)to____33____ourfirsthouse.SteveandIhave____34____mostofourgoalsbecauseofafewsimple,soundwordsof____35____:Lifeisshort;seizeopportunities.21.A.easily B.barely C.quickly D.possibly22.A.event B.dream C.challenge D.opportunity23.A.hiding B.advertising C.suggesting D.leaving24.A.farm B.abandon C.protect D.develop25.A.seasoned B.strict C.humorous D.brave26.A.story B.account C.opinion D.secret27.A.simple B.unexpected C.informed D.casual28.A.beauty B.risk C.health D.time29.A.collect B.donate C.waste D.save30.A.following B.clearing C.blocking D.measuring31.A.takeon B.checkout C.putaway D.makeup32.A.connection B.service C.income D.emotion33.A.paint B.build C.decorate D.purchase34.A.accomplished B.missed C.changed D.set35.A.education B.information C.comfort D.wisdom【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.D25.A26.C27.C28.B29.A30.B31.A32.C33.D34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和丈夫在剛畢業(yè)且新婚時，生活拮據(jù)，夢想著擁有一所房子。一次偶然的機(jī)會，他們在露營時發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊待售的土地，雖然需要開發(fā)但價格相對便宜。在咨詢了史蒂夫叔叔的建議后，他們決定買下這塊地，并開始積極開發(fā)，最終以此地為抵押物購買了第一所房子?！?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們輾轉(zhuǎn)于一個又一個臨時工作，勉強(qiáng)維持生計，懷揣著擁有一個房子的遙遠(yuǎn)夢想。A.easily容易地；B.barely勉強(qiáng)地；C.quickly快速地；D.possibly可能地。根據(jù)前文“Freshoutofcollegeandnewly-married,myhusbandandIlivedinaneconomicallychallengedcommunity.”可知，作者夫婦倆剛畢業(yè)新婚，住在一個經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的小區(qū)，所以是勉強(qiáng)維持生計。故選B項。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，有一天，一個機(jī)會來了。A.event事件；B.dream夢想；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.opportunity機(jī)會。根據(jù)后文“Duringacampingtrip,wespottedafor-salesign_____apieceoflandbyLakeSuperior—apotentialcampsite.”以及“Willyouregretnotseizingthischance?”可知，在一次露營旅行中，作者夫婦看到一塊靠近蘇必利爾湖的待售土地的廣告牌——一個潛在的露營地，此處指擁有自己房子的機(jī)會來了。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在一次露營旅行中，我們看到一塊靠近蘇必利爾湖的待售土地的廣告牌——一個潛在的露營地。A.hiding躲藏；B.advertising做廣告；C.suggesting建議；D.leaving離開。根據(jù)前文“afor-salesign”可知，此處指一塊待售土地的廣告牌。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這塊野生濱水區(qū)地產(chǎn)相對便宜，但需要開發(fā)未清理的土地。A.farm耕作；B.abandon拋棄；C.protect保護(hù)；D.develop開發(fā)。根據(jù)前文“Thiswildpieceofwaterfrontpropertywasrelativelyinexpensive”以及后文“theunclearedland.”可知，這塊野生濱水區(qū)地產(chǎn)相對便宜，但是是未清理過的，所以需要開發(fā)。故選D項。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：喬叔叔是個老練、善良的人，我們很看重他的意見。A.seasoned老練的；B.strict嚴(yán)格的；C.humorous幽默的；D.brave勇敢的。根據(jù)后文“whose_____wevalued”以及“HehadpreviouslyofferedStevewiseadvice.”可知，此處指喬叔叔是個老練的人，我們很看重他的意見。故選A項?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.story故事；B.account賬戶；C.opinion觀點(diǎn)；D.secret秘密。根據(jù)后文“HehadpreviouslyofferedStevewiseadvice.”可知，此處指喬叔叔給出的意見。故選C項?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：做出明智的決定，帶來幸福和財富。A.simple簡單的；B.unexpected意外的；C.informed明智的；D.casual隨便的。根據(jù)后文“decisionsthatleadtohappinessandwealth”可知，此處指做出明智的決定，帶來幸福和財富。故選C項。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在糾結(jié)購買的風(fēng)險因素時，史蒂夫再次征求了他叔叔的意見。A.beauty美麗；B.risk風(fēng)險；C.health健康；D.time時間。根據(jù)前文“Wewereyoungandenergetic,yetunsurewhetherweshouldtakeit.”以及后文“Stevesoughthisuncle’sadviceagain.”可知，作者夫婦年輕有活力，但不確定是否應(yīng)該買下這塊地，再次征求了叔叔的意見，所以此處表示購買是存在風(fēng)險的。故選B項?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，我們設(shè)法湊夠了錢，買下了我們的第一件貴重物品。A.collect收集，籌集；B.donate捐贈；C.waste浪費(fèi)；D.save節(jié)省。根據(jù)后文“enoughmoneyforourfirstsignificantpurchase”可知，此處指作者夫婦湊夠了錢。故選A項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我們毫不拖延地清理出一條通往水邊的路，花盡可能多的時間在那里露營、游泳和構(gòu)建夢想。A.following跟隨；B.clearing清理；C.blocking阻礙；D.measuring測量。根據(jù)前文“butneededworkto_____theunclearedland.”以及后文“apathtothewaterfront”可知，這塊野生濱水區(qū)地產(chǎn)相對便宜，但需要開發(fā)未清理的土地，作者夫婦在購買了該塊土地后，清理出一條通往水邊的路。故選B項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這種追求給了我們勇氣去承擔(dān)一個更大的項目。A.takeon承擔(dān)；B.checkout結(jié)賬離開；C.putaway收拾起來；D.makeup組成，編造。根據(jù)后文“abiggerproject”可知，此