電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）課件匯 Lesson 21 The mobile telephone system (III) -Lesson 30 Logic Analysers

Unit7Audio&SpeechLesson21Themobiletelephonesystem(III)《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Lesson21

Third-GenerationMobilePhonesBackgroundsTexttour

LanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques2025/3/62《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TerminologyHandoff越區(qū)切換Videoconferencing視頻會議Telepresence

遠程在位m-commerce移動商務(wù)quality-of-service服務(wù)質(zhì)量Videorecorder

錄像機Backgrounds2025/3/63《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Terminologydirectsequencespreadspectrum直接序列擴頻backwardcompatible向下兼容IPpacketIP信息包logicalchannel邏輯通道basestation基站wirelessLAN無線局域網(wǎng)multimedia多媒體softwareradio軟件無線電Backgrounds2025/3/64《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TerminologyVHS:VideoHomeSystem

家用錄像系統(tǒng)SMS:ShortMessageService

短信業(yè)務(wù)ADSL:AsymmetricalDigitalSubscriberLoop

非對稱數(shù)字用戶環(huán)線Backgrounds2025/3/65《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TexttourOutlineIMT-2000W-CDMAandCDMA20002.5G（EDGEandGPRS）3G4G2025/3/66《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》IMT-2000IMT-2000(ITUin1992)IMTstoodforInternationalMobileTelecommunications

Thenumber2000stoodforthreethingstheyearitwassupposedtogointoservicethefrequencyitwassupposedtooperateat(inMHz)thebandwidththeserviceshouldhave(inkHz)2025/3/67《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》IMT-2000ThebasicservicesthattheIMT-2000networkissupposedtoprovidetoitsusersare:High-qualityvoicetransmission.Messaging(replacinge-mail,fax,SMS,chat,etc.).Multimedia(playingmusic,viewingvideos,films,television,etc.).Internetaccess(Websurfing,includingpageswithaudioandvideo).2025/3/68《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》W-CDMAandCDMA2000W-CDMA(WidebandCDMA)proposedbyEricsson

(EricssonisbasedinSweden;)usesDSSS(DirectSequenceSpreadSpectrum)runsina5MHzbandwidthdesignedtointer-workwithGSMnetworks,butnotbackwardcompatiblewithGSMEuropeanUnioncalleditUMTS(UniversalMobileTelecommunicationsSystem).2025/3/69《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》W-CDMAandCDMA2000CDMA2000proposedbyQualcomm(QualcommisinCalifornia).adirectsequencespreadspectrumdesignusesa5-MHzbandwidthanextensionofIS-95andbackwardcompatiblewithitnotbeendesignedtointer-workwithGSM2025/3/610《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》EDGEandGPRSEDGE(EnhancedDataratesforGSMEvolution)justGSMwithmorebitsperbaud

GPRS(GeneralPacketRadioService)anoverlaypacketnetworkontopofD-AMPSorGSM.2025/3/611《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》3G，4Gand5GAdoptionof3GFeaturesof4GThegoalof5G2025/3/612《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》VocabularyDominatereservestationaryenvisioncompatibleoverlaymapmeasureAccessStructurecomedowntocometo

Reading/writingtechniquesLanguageinuse2025/3/613《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Vocabulary2025/3/614《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》DominateindictionaryTocontrol,govern,orrulebysuperiorauthorityorpower:

支配Successfulleadersdominateeventsratherthanreacttothem.Toexertasupreme,guidinginfluenceonorover:

施加影響于：Ambitiondominatedtheirlives.2025/3/615《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》DominateindictionaryToenjoyacommanding,controllingpositionin:

占支配地位adrugcompanythatdominatesthetranquilizermarket.Tooverlookfromaheight:

俯視aviewfromthecliffsidechaletthatdominatesthevalley.2025/3/616《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》DominateintextManyindustryexpertsexpectdatatraffictodominate

voiceonmobiledevicesaswellsoon.許多業(yè)界專家預(yù)期：在移動設(shè)備中，數(shù)據(jù)傳輸也將很快趕超話音業(yè)務(wù)。2025/3/617《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ReserveindictionaryTokeepback,asforfutureuseorforaspecialpurpose.

保留Tosetorcausetobesetapartforaparticularpersonoruse.

存下Tokeeporsecureforoneself;retain

保留；保持

Ireservetherighttodisagree.2025/3/618《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ReserveindictionarySomethingkeptbackorsavedforfutureuseoraspecialpurpose. 儲備物Theactofreserving.保留Thekeepingofone'sfeelings,thoughts,oraffairstooneself.自我克制Self-restraintinexpression;reticence慎言；沉默寡言2025/3/619《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ReserveindictionaryLackofenthusiasm;skepticalcaution.矜持，拘謹Anamountofcapitalheldbackfrominvestmentinordertomeetprobableorpossibledemands. 儲備金Areservationofpublicland 保留地

aforestreserve.Anamountofamineral,fossilfuel,orotherresourceknowntoexistinaparticularlocationandtobeexploitable礦藏量

thediscoveryoflargeoilreserves.2025/3/620《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ReserveintextITUrecommendedthatallgovernments

reserve

spectrumat2GHzsodevicescouldroamseamlesslyfromcountrytocountry.國際電聯(lián)建議各國政府預(yù)留2GHz附近的頻譜，以便設(shè)備能夠在國與國之間實現(xiàn)無縫漫游。

2025/3/621《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Reserveinuse

actualreserve實際貯量forestreserve保護林naturalreserve自然保護區(qū)petroleumreserves石油儲量phasereserve相位余量systemreserve系統(tǒng)貯備inreserve備用的withoutreserve無保留地；無條件地2025/3/622《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》StationaryindictionaryNotmoving.

靜止的Notcapableofbeingmoved;fixed.

不能被移動的；固定的Unchanging:

不變的：astationarysound.2025/3/623《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Stationaryintext

Later,itwasrecognizedthat2Mbpsisnotcurrentlyfeasibleforuserswhoaretoomobile(duetothedifficultyofperforminghandoffsquicklyenough).

Morerealisticis2Mbpsfor

stationary

indoorusers(whichwillcompetehead-onwithADSL),384kbpsforpeoplewalking,and144kbpsforconnectionsincars.后來，人們認識到：對于移動性太強的用戶，2Mbps在目前是不現(xiàn)實的（因為很難實現(xiàn)快速的越區(qū)切換）。更現(xiàn)實的做法是將2Mbps用于室內(nèi)用戶（這將會和ADSL直接交鋒），384kbps給步行用戶，144kbps用于汽車內(nèi)用戶。2025/3/624《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Stationaryinuse

Stationarycrane固定式起重機Stationaryengine固定式發(fā)動機Stationarywave駐波Stationaryrandomprocess平穩(wěn)隨機過程2025/3/625《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》EnvisionindictionaryTopictureinthemind;imagine.

想像2025/3/626《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Envisionintext

ITUenvisionedasingleworldwidetechnologyforIMT-2000,sothatmanufacturerscouldbuildasingledevicethatcouldbesoldandusedanywhereintheworld(likeCDplayersandcomputersandunlikemobilephonesandtelevisions).國際電聯(lián)設(shè)想的IMT-2000是一個單一的全球適用的技術(shù)。這樣，生產(chǎn)商可以生產(chǎn)世界任何地方均可銷售、使用的單一設(shè)備（就像CD播放器和計算機一樣，而不像現(xiàn)在的移動電話和電視）。2025/3/627《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》CompatibleindictionaryCapableofexistingorperforminginharmonious,agreeable,orcongenialcombinationwithanotherorothers:

一致的；可和諧共存的；相容的compatiblefamilyrelationships.Capableoforderly,efficientintegrationandoperationwithotherelementsinasystemwithnomodificationorconversionrequired.

符合的Capableofformingachemicallyorbio-chemicallystablesystem.

穩(wěn)定的2025/3/628《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》CompatibleindictionaryOforrelatingtoatelevisionsysteminwhichcolorbroadcastscanbereceivedinblackandwhitebysetsincapableofcolorreception.

黑白彩色兩用的Capableofbeinggrafted,transfused,ortransplantedfromoneindividualtoanotherwithoutrejection:

互不排斥的compatibleblood.Adevice,suchasacomputerorcomputersoftware,thatcanbeintegratedintoorusedwithanotherdeviceorsystemofitstype.2025/3/629《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Compatibleintext

InMarch1999,thetwocompaniessettledthelawsuitswhenEricssonagreedtobuyQualcomm’sinfrastructure.Theyalsoagreedtoasingle3Gstandard,butonewithmultiple

incompatible

options,whichtoalargeextentjustpapersoverthetechnicaldifferences.1999年3月，這兩家公司解決了這些訴訟，愛立信公司同意購買高通公司的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。兩個公司也達成協(xié)議：同意建立單一的3G標準。但這個標準卻包含著多個不兼容可選項。在很大程度上，這么做只是為了掩飾二者在技術(shù)上的分歧。2025/3/630《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Compatibleinuse

CompatiblecolourTVsystemDrivingacarataspeedcompatiblewithsafetyAccuracyisnotalwayscompatiblewithhaste.Healthandhardworkarecompatible.2025/3/631《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》OverlayindictionaryTolayorspreadoveroron.

鋪Tocoverthesurfaceofwithadecorativelayerordesign:

覆在…的面上Toembellishsuperficially:

裝飾Somethingthatislaidoverorcoverssomethingelse.

覆蓋物Alayerofdecoration,suchasgoldleaforwoodveneer,appliedtoasurface.

飾面2025/3/632《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》OverlayindictionaryInacomputerprogram,asegmentthatisnotpermanentlymaintainedininternalstorage.Thetechniqueofrepeatedlyusingthesameareasofinternalstorageduringdifferentstagesofaprogram.Inadocumentcopyingmachine,adeviceforaddingtoormaskingdetailsfromanoriginalsothattheseareincorporatedintoordeletedfromthecopies.Intheexecutionofacomputerprogram,toloadasegmentofthecomputerprograminastorageareahithertooccupiedbypartsofthecomputerprogramthatarenotcurrentlyneeded.2025/3/633《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Overlayintext

Another2.5GschemeisGPRS(GeneralPacketRadioService),whichisan

overlaypacketnetworkontopofD-AMPSorGSM.ItallowsmobilestationstosendandreceiveIPpacketsinacellrunningavoicesystem.還有一個2.5G的機制是GPRS（通用分組無線業(yè)務(wù)）。GPRS是在D-AMPS或GSM之上建立的重疊分組網(wǎng)絡(luò)。GPRS允許移動站在運行語音系統(tǒng)的小區(qū)中發(fā)送、接收IP分組。2025/3/634《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》MapindictionaryArepresentation,usuallyonaplanesurface,ofaregionoftheearthorheavens.

地圖，天體圖Somethingthatsuggestssucharepresentation,asinclarityofrepresentation.

類似地圖的事物Thecorrespondenceofoneormoreelementsinonesettooneormoreelementsinthesamesetoranotherset.

對應(yīng)關(guān)系2025/3/635《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》MapindictionaryTomakeamapof；Todepictasifonamap給…繪圖Griefwasmappedonhisface.Toexploreormakeasurveyof(aregion)forthepurposeofmakingamap.

勘查Toplanordelineate,especiallyindetail;arrange:

詳細規(guī)劃；安排：mappingoutherfuture.Toestablishamappingof(anelementoraset).

建立映射2025/3/636《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》MapintextTheavailabletimeslotsaredividedintoseverallogicalchannels,usedfordifferentpurposes.Thebasestationdetermineswhichlogicalchannelsare

mappedontowhichtimeslots.Onelogicalchannelisfordownloadingpacketsfromthebasestationtosomemobilestation,witheachpacketindicatingwhoitisdestinedfor.

可用時隙幾個不同用途的邏輯信道。基站決定哪個邏輯信道映射到哪個時隙。一個邏輯信道用于將分組從基站下載到某個移動站，而每個分組都指明了自己要去誰那里。2025/3/637《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Mapinuse

addressmap地址變換bird'seyeviewmap鳥瞰圖electronicmap電子地圖fieldstrengthcontourmap等場強線地圖internationalmapofworldonmillionscale國際百萬分之一世界地圖2025/3/638《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Mapinuse

memorymap存儲分配圖表radiomap射電天圖resourcemap資源分布圖2025/3/639《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》MeasureindictionaryDimensions,quantity,orcapacityasascertainedbycomparisonwithastandard.度量Areferencestandardorsampleusedforthequantitativecomparisonofproperties測量標準Thestandardkilogramismaintainedasameasureofmass.Aunitspecifiedbyascale,suchasaninch,orbyvariableconditions,suchasaday'smarch.測量單位Asystemofmeasurement,suchasthemetricsystem.計量制Adeviceusedformeasuring.計量儀器Theactofmeasuring.測量2025/3/640《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》MeasureindictionaryAnevaluationorabasisofcomparison 標準，尺度ThefinalmeasureoftheworthofasocietyExtentordegree范圍，程度Theproblemwasinlargemeasurecausedbyhiscarelessness.Adefinitequantitythathasbeenmeasuredout一定量ameasureofwineAfittingamount適度ameasureofrecognition.Alimitedamountordegree限度；分寸ameasureofgood-willLimit;bounds限度；界限generosityknowingnomeasure.Appropriaterestraint;moderation適度節(jié)制；緩和Anactiontakenasameanstoanend;anexpedient手段，策略desperatemeasures2025/3/641《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》MeasureindictionaryToascertainthedimensions,quantity,orcapacityof測量measuredtheheightoftheceiling.Tomark,layout,orestablishdimensionsforbymeasuring標出measureoffanareaToestimatebyevaluationorcomparison估量，衡量Tobringintocomparison比較，較量Shemeasuredherpowerwiththatofadangerousadversary.Toallotordistributeasifbymeasuring;mete分配Toconsiderorchoosewithcare;weigh權(quán)衡，衡量，斟酌Hemeasureshiswordswithcaution.2025/3/642《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》MeasureintextSinceGPRSisjustanoverlayovertheexistingvoicesystem,itisatbestastop-gapmeasureuntil3Garrives.因為GPRS僅僅是在已有語音系統(tǒng)之上的覆蓋，所以它最多是3G到來前的一種權(quán)宜之策。2025/3/643《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Measureinuse

counterradarmeasures反雷達措施cubicmeasure體積,容量emergencymeasure緊急措施halfmeasures折衷辦法2025/3/644《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Measureinuse

pricemeasure價格尺度Shannon-Wienermeasure香農(nóng)-維納測度measureofexchange交換媒介2025/3/645《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》AccessindictionaryAmeansofapproaching,entering,exiting,ormakinguseof;passage.通道，入口，出口；通道Theactofapproaching.接近Therighttoapproach,enter,exit,ormakeuseof接近權(quán)，享用權(quán)，出入權(quán)hasaccesstotherestrictedarea;hasaccesstoclassifiedmaterial.有權(quán)進入Increasebyaddition.增長，增多Anoutburstoronset爆發(fā)，開始：2025/3/646《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》AccessindictionaryToobtainaccessto(dataorprocesses).

接近，進入Toobtainaccessto(goodsorinformation),usuallybytechnologicalmeans.

使用，接近，獲取2025/3/647《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》AccessintextThebasicservicesthattheIMT-2000networkissupposedtoprovidetoitsusersare:1,2,3.…4.Internetaccess(Websurfing,includingpageswithaudioandvideo).IMT-2000網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供給用戶的基本業(yè)務(wù)有：1,2,3,…4.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)訪問（網(wǎng)上沖浪，包括含音、視頻的網(wǎng)頁）2025/3/648《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Accessinuse

all-weatheraccess全天候通路arbitraryaccess隨意存取,隨機存取codedivisionmultipleaccess碼分多址directmemoryaccess直接內(nèi)存存取2025/3/649《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Accessinuse

dualportaccess雙通道存取frequency-divisionmultipleaccess頻分多址randomsequentialaccess隨機順序存取spacedivisionmultipleaccess空分多址timedivisionmultipleaccess時分多址2025/3/650《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Structure2025/3/651《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Reading/Writingtechniques2025/3/652《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Unit8Image&VideoLesson22DigitalImageFundamentals《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Lesson22DigitalImageFundamentalsBackgroundsTexttour

LanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques2025/3/654《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TerminologyPixel像素Grayscaleimage灰度圖像Grayscalelevel灰度級Histogram直方圖Bargraph條形圖Histogramequalization直方圖均衡Backgrounds2025/3/655《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TerminologyImagecontrast圖像對比度Edgefilter邊緣濾波器Edgedetection邊緣檢測Objectrecognition目標識別Run-lengthencoding行程編碼Huffmanencoding哈夫曼編碼Backgrounds2025/3/656《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TerminologyDCT: DiscreteCosineTransform 離散余弦變換CT:computedtomography 計算機斷層造影MRI:MagneticResonanceImaging 核磁共振成像Backgrounds2025/3/657《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TexttourOutlineDigitalImageResolutionHistogramsAdditionandSubtractionofImagesWarpingandMorphingImageFilteringDilationandErosionImagecompressionImageSpectra2025/3/658《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》DigitalImageResolutionAdigitalimageismadeupofmanyrowsandcolumnsofpixels.Forgrayscaleimages,eachpixelisassignedanumberthatrepresentsthegrayshadeassignedtothatpixel.2025/3/659《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》DigitalImageResolutionAn808x562x8digitalimage2025/3/660《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》HistogramsThegrayscalespresentinadigitalimagecanbesummarizedbyitshistogram(seeFigure8.2).Thehistogramreportsthenumberofpixelsforeachgrayscalelevelpresentintheimage,asabargraph.

2025/3/661《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》HistogramsAhistogram2025/3/662《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》AdditionandSubtractionofImagesDigitalimagescanbeaddedandsubtractedpixel-by-pixel.

Whentwoimagesareaddedorsubtracted,theresultantmatrixwillfrequentlycontainillegalgrayscalevalues.

Scalingtotherange[0,GSLmax]maybeaccomplishedasfollows:

2025/3/663《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》WarpingandMorphingWarpingandmorphingaredigitalimagetechniquesthatarefindingapplicationnotonlyinentertainmentbutalsoinmedicalimaging.

2025/3/664《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ImageFilteringDigitalimagescanbefilteredusingtwo-dimensionalconvolutionwithaconvolutionkernel.LowpassfiltersblurimagesHighpassfiltersemphasizesharpchangesingrayscalelevelEdgefilterslocateedgesinanimage

2025/3/665《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》DilationandErosionDilationaddsalayerofpixelstoallobjectsinanimage.Erosionremovesonelayerofpixelsfromallobjects.Dilationand

Erosionareuseinobjectrecognition

2025/3/666《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ImageSpectraTwo-dimensionalFFTsareusedtoanalyzethespectraofdigitalimages.Atwo-dimensionalspectrumcomprisesamagnitudespectrumandaphasespectrum.

ImagespectraformthebasisforCT(ComputedTomography)MRI(MagneticResonanceImaging)2025/3/667《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ImagecompressionTosavetimeandbandwidth,imagesandotherfilesareoftencompressedbeforebeingtransmittedovertheInternet

Losslesscompression

Lossycompression

Compressionschemesrun-lengthencoding(RLE)Huffmanencoding2025/3/668《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ImagecompressionJPEGanextremelycommonimagecompressionschemeusesthediscretecosinetransform(DCT)toconcentratemostoftheinformationaboutan8x8sub-blockofanimageintoafewsignificantcoefficientsusesbothrun-lengthencodingandHuffmanencodingtoprovidefurthercompression.2025/3/669《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》VocabularyscaleshadeequalizationkernelrecognitionStructureReading/writingtechniquesLanguageinuse2025/3/670《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Vocabulary2025/3/671《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ScaleindictionaryA

systemoforderedmarksatfixedintervalsusedasareferencestandardinmeasurement刻度Aninstrumentordevicebearingsuchmarks刻度尺Astandardofmeasurementorjudgment;acriterion.標準Aproportionusedindeterminingthedimensionalrelationshipofarepresentationtothatwhichitrepresents比例Acalibratedline,asonamaporanarchitecturalplan,indicatingsuchaproportion.比例尺2025/3/672《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ScaleindictionaryProperproportion適當?shù)谋壤齛housethatseemedoutofscalewithitssurroundings.Aprogressiveclassification,asofsize,amount,importance,orrank等級judgingdivers'performancesonascaleof1to10;afamilythatrankshighonthesocialscale.Arelativelevelordegree規(guī)模entertainedonalavishscale.2025/3/673《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ScaleindictionaryAsystemofnotationinwhichthevaluesofnumericalexpressionsaredeterminedbytheirplacesrelativetothechosenbaseofthesystem進位制thedecimalscale.Anascendingordescendingseriesoftonesproceedingbyaspecifiedschemeofintervalsandvaryinginpitcharrangementandintervalsize.音階2025/3/674《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ScaleindictionaryTochangetherepresentationofaquantity,expressingitinotherunits,sothatitsrangeisbroughtwithinaspecifiedrange.Toadjusttherepresentationofaquantitybyafactorinordertobringitsrangewithinprescribedlimits.Incomputergraphics,toenlargeorreduceallorpartofadisplayimagebymultiplyingtheircoordinatebyconstantvalues.Asystemofmathematicalnotation:fixed-pointorfloating-pointscaleofanarithmeticvalue.2025/3/675《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ScaleintextThelargerthenumberofpixelsinanimage,andthelargerthenumberofavailablegrayscalelevels,thebettertheresolutionoftheimage.

圖像的像素數(shù)越大，可用灰度級的數(shù)量越大，圖像的分辨力也越好。

2025/3/676《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Scaleinuse

ascaletomeasuresth.衡量某物的尺度thescaleonathermometer溫度計的標度scalemodel比例模型wage[pay]scale工資等級2025/3/677《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Scaleinuse

highinthesocialscale社會地位高inscale(with)與...相稱onabig[large]scale大規(guī)模地onasmallscale小規(guī)模地onthe[a]scaleof按...比例;按...規(guī)模outofscale不合規(guī)定比例scaleup/down按比例增加縮減2025/3/678《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ShadeindictionaryLightdiminishedinintensityasaresultoftheinterceptionoftherays;partialdarkness.

陰影Anareaoraspaceofpartialdarkness.

陰影部分Coverorshelterprovidedbyinterceptionbyanobjectofthesunoritsrays.

遮蔽處或隱蔽處Anyofvariousdevicesusedtoreduceorscreenlightorheat.

遮陽物2025/3/679《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ShadeindictionaryThepartofapictureorphotographdepictingdarknessorshadow.

暗部Thedegreetowhichacolorismixedwithblackorisdecreasinglyilluminated;gradationofdarkness.

暗度2025/3/680《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ShadeindictionaryAslightdifferenceorvariation;anuance:

細微差別shadesofmeaning.Asmallamount;atrace:

少量；痕跡detectedashadeofbitternessinherremarks.Apresentreminderofapersonorsituationinthepast:

記憶shadesofmyhigh-schooldays.2025/3/681《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ShadeintextForgrayscaleimages,eachpixelisassignedanumberthatrepresentsthegray

shadeassignedtothatpixel.對灰度圖而言，每個像素被賦予一個代表該像素灰度級的數(shù)值。

2025/3/682《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Shadeinuse

ashadeof少許,微微castintotheshade使失色,使相形見絀fallintotheshade被奪去光彩,黯然失色intheshade在樹陰下;在暗處;默默無聞notashadeofdoubt毫不懷疑theshadesofevening暮色theshadowofashade幻影withoutlightandshade沒有明暗的,單調(diào)的2025/3/683《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Shadeinuse

shadepenumbrashadowumbraumbrage Thecentralmeaningsharedbythesenounsisanareaofcomparativedarknessresultingfromtheblockingoflightrays.sittingintheshade坐在陰影里Earth'spenumbra地球的陰影邊緣intheshadowofthecurtains在簾幕的陰影下theumbrabeyondthefootlights腳燈的陰影

shelteredintheumbrageofarainforest躲蔽在雨林樹蔭下2025/3/684《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》EqualizationindictionaryThegenerictermfortheprocessofcorrectingundesiredtransmissioncharacteristicsofachannel.Inlinetransmission,forexample,signalattenuationnormallyincreaseswithfrequency.Equalizationinthiscasecanconsistoftheinsertioninthelineofoneormorenetworkshavingtheinverseamplitude/frequencycharacteristics,sothatoveradesiredfrequencybandtheoverallattenuationofthelineismadesubstantiallyconstant.2025/3/685《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》EqualizationintextWhenanimageusesonlyasmallportionoftheavailablegrayscalelevels,histogramequalization

canbeusedtospreadouttheusageofgrayscalelevelsovertheentireavailablerange.當一幅圖像只用了可用灰度級的一小部分時，可以使用直方圖均衡的方法將灰度級的使用擴展到整個可用的范圍。

2025/3/686《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Equalizationinuse

automaticequalization自動均衡delayequalization延遲均衡[補償]groupdelayequalization群時延均衡histogramequalization直方圖均衡化sidebandequalization邊帶均衡2025/3/687《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》KernelindictionaryAgrainorseed,asofacerealgrass,enclosedinahusk.

谷?；蚍N子Theinner,usuallyedibleseedofanutorfruitstone.

核Themostmaterialandcentralpart;thecore:

中心；核心2025/3/688《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》KernelindictionaryIncomputersoftware,thepartofanoperatingsystemthatmustalwaysbeinmainstoragewhenanypartofitisloaded.Itconsistsofrigorouslytestedroutinesthatperformbasicloadingandsupervisoryfunctions.Incomputerprogramming,thepartofasegmentedprogramthatmustalwaysbeinmainstoragewhenanyothersegmentisloaded.Aprogramthatcanrununderdifferentoperatingsystemenvironments.2025/3/689《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》KernelintextDigitalimagescanbefilteredusingtwo-dimensionalconvolutionwithaconvolutionkernel.

數(shù)字圖像的濾波可以通過使用卷積算子進行2維卷積實現(xiàn)。

2025/3/690《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Kernelinuse

Hethatwilleatthekernelmustcrackthenut.

不勞不獲atomickernel原子核ergodicstochastickernels各態(tài)遍歷隨機核forwardtransformationkernel正向變換核integralkernel積分核measurekernel測度核normalizablekernel可規(guī)范化核positivedefinitekernel正定核2025/3/691《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》RecognitionindictionaryTheactofrecognizingorconditionofbeingrecognized.

識別Anawarenessthatsomethingperceivedhasbeenperceivedbefore.

認出Anacceptanceastrueorvalid,asofaclaim:

承認；確認Attentionorfavorablenotice:

認可Officialacceptanceofthenationalstatusofanewgovernmentbyanothernation.

承認2025/3/692《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》RecognitionintextSuccessfullydetectingtheedgesinanimageisthefirststeptowardsconfidentidentificationofobjectboundariesandthenobjectrecognition.

要實現(xiàn)可靠的物體邊界識別以及目標識別，首先就要成功地檢測到圖像的邊緣。

2025/3/693《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Recognitioninuse

cellrecognition細胞識別Chinesecharacterrecognition漢字識別patternrecognition模式識別voicerecognition聲音識別2025/3/694《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Structure2025/3/695《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Reading/Writingtechniques2025/3/696《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Unit8Image&VideoLesson23DigitalCamera《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》Lesson23DigitalCameraBackgroundsTexttour

LanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques2025/3/698《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TerminologyAlkaline 堿性的Resolution

清晰度，分辨力Beamsplitter

分光鏡，分色鏡Photography

攝影，攝影術(shù)Backgrounds2025/3/699《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TerminologyTIFF:TaggedImageFileFormat

標簽圖像文件格式JPEG:JointPhotographicExpertsGroup

聯(lián)合圖像專家組LCD:LiquidCrystalDisplay

液晶顯示器CCD:ChargeCoupledDevice

電荷耦合器件Backgrounds2025/3/6100《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TerminologyLens 透鏡，鏡頭Film 薄膜，膠卷，影片F(xiàn)ocus 焦點Backgrounds2025/3/6101《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》TexttourOutlineIntroductionImageSensorsResolutionFileformatsTipsforpurchasingdigitalcameras2025/3/6102《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》IntroductionAdigitalcamerahasaseriesoflensesthatfocuslighttocreateanimageofascene.itfocuseslightontoasemiconductordevicethatrecordslightelectronicallyAmicroprocessorthenbreaksthiselectronicinformationdownintodigitaldata.2025/3/6103《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ImageSensorsCCD(ChargeCoupledDevice)SensorsCMOS(ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor)SensorsACCDSensor

2025/3/6104《電子信息工程專業(yè)英語教程（第6版）》ImageSensorsDifferencesbetweenCCDandCMOSsensors:CCDsensorscreatehigh-quality,low-noiseimages.CMOSsensorsaremoresusceptibletonoise.CMOSsensorsconsumelittlepower.CCDsconsumeasmuchas100timesmorepowerthananequivalentCMOSsensor.2025/3/6105