中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解之判斷正誤（講義）（原卷版）

A第04講閱讀理解之判斷正誤（講義）

目錄

—'復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握目標(biāo)及備考方向

二考情分析中考閱讀理解說(shuō)明文考情分析

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題

閱讀判斷的考2.推理判斷題

—

向3.主旨大意題

4.提升必考題型歸納

四真題感悟中考閱讀判斷經(jīng)典考題精選

【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】

1.熟練語(yǔ)篇類(lèi)型和語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)

2.明確命題規(guī)律和提問(wèn)方式

3.掌握不同題型的解題方法

【考情分析】

閱讀判斷命題規(guī)律

正誤判斷題主要考察學(xué)生閱讀分析、理解、應(yīng)用和判斷的能力，要求根據(jù)文章內(nèi)

容對(duì)所給句子即題干，做出正誤判斷。此類(lèi)題型往往依托短文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行發(fā)揮，或者給

出意思相近或相反的幾個(gè)句子要求辨別、判斷，或者變換詞語(yǔ)、句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)考查同一

意思的不同表達(dá)。

設(shè)題：以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，主旨大意題和推理判斷題為輔。

【名師解難】

做這種閱讀理解題道先通讀全文，把握大意。然后閱讀所給題干，再讀原文，在文中找出對(duì)應(yīng)的詞句。

在對(duì)句子進(jìn)行判斷時(shí)，建議使用對(duì)照法，即將原文中與題干意思相近的句子或段落找出來(lái)，與題干一一對(duì)

照，詳細(xì)區(qū)分，切不可片面理解，更不可想當(dāng)然。對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)單明了的文章，要注意其首尾句，以及表明文章

主旨的中心句、關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)等。對(duì)讀了一遍意思還不夠明了的文章，我們除了要了解全文，弄清人物、地點(diǎn)、

時(shí)間、原因等要點(diǎn)外，還要仔細(xì)推敲復(fù)雜的句子，弄清句子及全文的意思。

▲閱讀判斷答題技巧

.夯基-必密基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)植理

判斷正誤型題目往往是從文中提取出一個(gè)句子，通過(guò)對(duì)其細(xì)節(jié)的修改或說(shuō)法的改變或同義的轉(zhuǎn)換而讓

做題者判斷該說(shuō)法是否符合文意。本題型共分為三大類(lèi)，即細(xì)節(jié)理解型、推理判斷型、主旨大意型。

類(lèi)型特點(diǎn)答題技巧

細(xì)節(jié)理解型題干與原文在細(xì)節(jié)或語(yǔ)句方面根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞找到文中的原句，對(duì)比題干的細(xì)節(jié)與

都是截然相同或相反。常考細(xì)節(jié)原文是否一致。只有完全符合文章意思的句子方可判

有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、所發(fā)生的定為正確。那些基本意思相符，仍有某一點(diǎn)不符的應(yīng)

事件以及起修飾作用的詞等。判定為錯(cuò)誤。

推理判斷型題干與原文不完全一致，需要通定要從文章的具體段落和句子中找到依據(jù)，并進(jìn)行認(rèn)

過(guò)分析原文和題干，間接推斷題真比較分析，不能憑印象想當(dāng)然，胡亂猜測(cè)。

干與原文是否一致。

主旨大意型該類(lèi)型往往考查對(duì)全文的把握，閱讀文章時(shí)應(yīng)主要捕捉內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，掌握主旨和作者意

斷章取義、以偏概全是常犯的錯(cuò)圖，不要過(guò)分推敲語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，否則難以作出正確的判斷。

誤。

答題步驟：

答題第一步：瀏覽題干，標(biāo)注定位詞。

答題第二步：I通讀全文，了解大意，標(biāo)注與題干相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞。

答題第三步：I跳讀關(guān)鍵詞所在的句子，將題干與原文進(jìn)行對(duì)比、歸納，確定答案。

答題第四步：I無(wú)法直接從定位句找到答案的題目，需綜合全文進(jìn)行推斷，得出答案。

答題第五步：復(fù)讀全文，檢查答案。

答題第六步：核對(duì)答案，反思錯(cuò)題。

.提升-必考題型歸納

（一）

（2023?云南昆明?昆明八中校考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤（正確的填?！?錯(cuò)誤的填"F”），并將所選答案涂到答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上。

EarthDayisonApril22ndeveryyear.EarthDayisadaytoremembertotakecareofourplanet,Earth.We

cantakecareofourplanetbykeepingitclean.

WecankeepEarthcleanbyfollowingtheruleof"reduce,reuse,recycle^^.Reducemeansuseless.Wecan

reduceouruseofthingslikewaterorgasoline.Reusemeansuseagain,ratherthanthrowthingsaway.Wecanreuse

manythings,suchasplasticbagsandboxes.Recyclemeanstomakesomethingnewfromsomethingold.Wecan

keepEarthcleanbyrecyclingmaterialssuchaspaper,woodandplastic.Ifwetakethesematerialstoarecycling

center,theycanbeusedagaininadifferentway.

OnEarthDay,weremindourselvesandeveryoneonEarththatwemustdothesethings.Wemustdothese

thingseveryday,notjustonEarthDay.Wemustalldoourpart,andwecanmakeadifference.OnApril22nd,

remindeveryoneyouknowthateverydayisEarthDay!

1.April22ndisadaytoremembertotakecareofourplanet.

2.InordertokeepEarthclean,there'sarulewemustfollow.

3.Reusemeanstomakesomethingnewfromsomethingold.

4.Wecanrecyclesomematerialsandusetheminadifferentway.

5.WeneedtodoeverythingwecantokeepEarthcleanonlyonEarthDay.

（二）

（2023?黑龍江綏化?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷對(duì)錯(cuò)，對(duì)的選“T”，錯(cuò)的選“F”。

Thebeaver（河貍）ismainlyfoundinNorthAmerica.Itisaboutthreeandahalffeetlong,includingthetail,

whichisafootinlength.

Beaversbuildthemselvesthemostlovelyhuts（小屋）tolivein,andquiteoftenagreatnumberofthesehuts

areplacedclosetogether,likethebuildingsinatown.Theyalwaysbuildtheirhutsonthebanks（岸）ofriversor

lakes,astheyswimmuchmoreeasilythantheywalk,andprefermovingaboutinthewater.

Whentheybuildonthebankofarunningstream,theymakeadam（堤壩）acrossthestreamforthepurposeof

keepingthewaterattheheighttheywish.Thesedamsareusuallymadeofmud,stonesandthebranchesoftrees.

Theyaresometimessixorsevenhundredfeetinlengthandarebuiltsowellthattheylookmoreliketheworkof

manthanoflittleanimals.

Theirhutsaremadeofthesamematerialasthedamsandareroundinshape.Theystartbuildingtheirhouses

lateinthesummerbutdonotgetthemfinishedbeforetheearlyfrost（霜凍）.Thecoldweathermakesthemtighter

andstronger.

Thefur（毛皮）ofthebeaverishighlyprized.Ahunter（獵人）oncesawfiveyoungbeaversplaying.Theywere

jumpingonthebranchesofatreethatlaynearabeaverdamandpushingoneanotheroffintothewater.Hemoved

forwardveryslowlyandwasabouttoshootatthelittleanimals.Buttheirfunnytricksremindedhimsomuchofhis

littlechildrenathomethathethoughtitwouldbecrueltokillthem.Sothegentlemanleftthemquietly.

6.NorthAmericaishometothebeaver.

7.Beaversusuallybuildtheirhutsinthewater.

8.Beaversdon'tgettheirhutsfinisheduntiltheearlyfrostappearsbecausetheyareafraidofhotweather.

9.Fromthepassage,wecantellbeaversaregoodatbuildinghuts.

10.Thehunterdidn'tkillthefiveyoungbeaversbecausehethoughtitwascrueltokilltheselovelyones.

（三）

（2023?吉林松原?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）

Strawberrieslooknice,butalightpressurecanmakethemoutofshape.Nowadaystherearemanyyoung

peoplewhoarejustlikestrawberries.Theyeasilybreakdownwhentheyfacedifficulties.Theydon'tknowwhatto

dowhentheyareintrouble.Theyhaveacommonname——strawberrykids.

Whyaremanystudentssoeasytobreakdown?Parentsandschoolsareamainreason.Parentsdoalmost

everythingforthemintheirdailylife,whileschoolscaremoreabouttheirgradesinsteadofdevelopingtheir

personality（個(gè)性）.LiuYiie,13,isfromFujian.Hismomhardlycriticizes（批評(píng)）himandhealwaysfeelsgood

abouthimself.Whenateachercriticizedhimstrictly,hefeltsurprisedandsad.Hebegantodoubthisability.

Studentsshoulddosomethingtomakethemselvesmentallystrong.Anexpertsaid,“Whenyouareintrouble,

don'taskforhelptooquickly.Youshouldtrytodealwithproblemsfirstbyyourself.Ialsoadviseyoutotakean

activepartinsportsandsocialactivities.Thatcanmakeyoumentallystrong.

Growingupisnotjustahappyprocess（過(guò)程）.Painsalsogoalongwithit.Themostimportantthingistoface

thepainsbravelyandlearnfromthem.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列各句正（T）誤（F）o

11.Somestudentsarecalled“strawberrykids“becausetheyallliketoeatstrawberries.

12.LiuYue'smotheroftencriticizeshim.

13.Parentsdoalmosteverythingfortheirchildrenintheirdailylife.

14.Accordingtothetext,studentsshouldaskforhelpquicklywhentheyareintrouble.

15.Thewriteradvisesstudentstobebraveinthefaceofpains.

（四）

（2023?吉林長(zhǎng)春?長(zhǎng)春市解放大路學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）

Lotsofkidswouldliketochangetheirhair.Often,girlscareaboutitmost,butboysmaybeinterestedinhow

theirhairlooks,too.Whenyougothroughpuberty（青春期），sometimeshairwillchangeallbyitself.

Maybeitusedtobelighterandnowifsdarker.Ormaybeifsmuchoilier（更7由膩的）usedtobe,andnowyou

needtowashitmore.Whenyou'regettingolder,youwillpaymoreattentiontoyourlooks.Youmightsuddenly

decideyouwantahairstyleasotherkidsatschoolhave.

Butsomestylesandlooksrequirechemicaltreatmentorheatandlonghoursatthehairsalon（理發(fā)店）.Some

peopledye（給...染色）theirhairadifferentcolor,ormaketheirhairstraight.ArethesetreatmentsOKforkids?

Atanyage,anychemicaltreatmentofyourhaircandoharmtoit.Ifyoupullyourhairtoohard,itcanharmthe

skinunderitandmaybemakeyourhairfallout.Soyoumaygetcarefulwithyourhair.

It'sfuntryingnewlooksandstyles.Youcanalsoshowyourselfthroughyourstyle.However,feeling

wonderfulandbeautifulstartsfromtheinside.Therefore,showyourbeautyinsidenomatterwhatstyleyouwear.

Everyonewillnoticethatyou'rebeautifulandyourhairlooksgreat,too.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正（T）、誤（F）。

16.Boyscaremoreabouttheirhairstylesthangirls.

17.Thehairmaygetdarkerwhenyougothroughpuberty.

18.Thechemicaltreatmentisharmfultoyourhair.

19.Yourhairwillneverfalloutifyoupullitstraight.

20.Thewriterthinksthetruebeautyisfromtheinside.

（五）

（2023?吉林長(zhǎng)春?吉林省實(shí)驗(yàn)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）

Chinaisacountrywithmanycolorfuldaysandfestivals.TheDragonHeadRaisingDay（Longtaitou）isone

ofthem.ThisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.Itstandsforthe

startofspringandfarming.

ThedragonisimportantforChinesepeople.WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe"'descendants（傳人）ofthe

dragon^^.Therefore,peoplecelebratetheDragonHeadRaisingDaywithmanycustoms.Onthedayinancient

times,peopleputash（灰）inthekitchen.Thiswasto"leadthedragonintothehouse”.Peoplebelievedthatwiththe

helpofthedragon,theycouldhaveagoodharvest（收成）inautumn.

Also,peopleeatspecialfoodsonthatday.Thefoodsareusuallynamedafterdragons.Forexample,peopleeat

“dragonwhisker（須）“noodlesanddumplingscalled“dragonteeth”.

Today,manycustomshavedisappeared.Butonethathasremainedisthecuttingofhair.Itissaidthatahaircut

duringthefirstlunarmonthmaybringbadlucktotheunclesofthefamily-mainlymother'sbrothers.Somany

peoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正（T）、誤（F）。

21.TheLongtaitouisonthethirddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.

22.WeChinesecallourselvesthe'"descendantsofthedragon".

23.PeopleputashinthekitchenontheDragonHeadRaisingDayinancienttimes.

24.Nowadays,manypeopledon'thavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.

25.ThepassagemainlytellsushowtocelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalinChina.

（六）

（2023.黑龍江哈爾濱.哈爾濱市第四十七中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）

Onasunnyafternoon,IwaswalkingalongabusyroadwhenInoticedayoungmanstandingnearthecrossing

sellingtoys.Usually,Iwouldhurrypastsuchsellers.ButIfoundthisyoungmanwasblind,soIstoodforsome

timewithoutcrossingthestreet.Iwantedtoseehowhesoldhisthings.

Soon,ayoungmotherwithalittlegirlcamebyandthechildsethereyesononeoftheteddybears.The

motheraskedthepriceanditwasonlyonedollar.Shetook10dollarsoutofherhandbagandtoldtheyoungman

thatshewasgivinghim10dollarsandwantedthechangeback.Iwaswonderinghowhewasgoingtodoit.He

toldtheyoungmothertoputthemoneyinthebaghangingaroundhisneckandtakeoutherchange.

Irealizedthatthisyoungmanbelievedpeoplenottocheathim.Therewasnowayforhimtoknowifsomeone

wouldtakeoutmorethantheyshouldhave.Iwassotouched.IboughtamodelcarfromhimthatIdidnotneed.As

Iwalkeddownthestreet,Igavethemodelcartoaboywalkingwithhisfather.

Ikeptthinkingthattheworldwouldbeabetterplaceifwecouldalllearntotrustothersmore,liketheyoung

blindstreetseller.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。（注意：考生將答題卡相應(yīng)的位置涂黑。正確的涂“A”，錯(cuò)誤的涂"B”）

26.Thewriterwaswalkingalongabusyroadwhenhenoticedayoungmanstandingnearthecrossingsellingtoys

onasunnymorning.

27.Theyoungmanthoughtthatpeoplewerebelievablesohemadepeopleputmoneyandtaketheirchangeoutof

thebagbythemselves.

28.Theyoungmotherwithherlittlegirlpaid10yuanfortheteddybear.

29.Thewritergavethemodelcartoagirlwalkingwithherfatheratlast.

30.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthattheworldwillbeabetterplaceifwecanalllearntotrustothersmore.

（七）

（2023?四川成都?四川省成都市七中育才學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷句子正誤。正確的涂“A”，錯(cuò)誤的涂“B”。

鵬

Hotsummeriscoming.Ifstimetoenjoydeliciousice-cream.However,someice-creambarsarenowcalled

“assassins（刺客）“fortheirsurprisinglyhighprices.Butwhentheywerefirstinvented,theywereallaboutmaking

peoplehappy.

Inthe1920s,HarryBurtranacandystoreintheUSA.Oneday,hedevelopedasmoothchocolatecoating（涂

層）.Burtfirstcutsomeice-creamintocuboids（長(zhǎng)方體）.Hethencoveredtheice-creamwiththenewchocolate

coating.

WhenBurtlethischildrentrythisnewdessert,hisdaughtersaidtheice-creambarwastoo“messy“toeat.

ThenBurfssonsuggestedaddingawoodensticktothedessert.

Burtnamedit“GoodHumorbar”.Itsoonbecamepopular.Later,hesentsometruckstoselltheseice-cream

bars.Peoplewouldknowitwastimeforsomeice-creamwhentheyheardthetrucks5bells.Today,youcanstillsee

GoodHumortrucksinAmerica!

31.Ice-creambarsbecametooexpensiveforpeopletoenjoy.

32.Ithasbeenabout100yearssinceGoodHumorbarwasinvented.

33.HarryBurt'sdaughterdislikedthenewdessertbecauseitwouldbemessy.

34.HarryBurfsnewdessertgotpopularbecausepeoplecouldeasilygetitonthetrucks.

35.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthatsomeinventionscanmakepeople'slifemorecolorful.

（八）

（2023?四川成都?成都七中?？既＃?/p>

閱讀下面對(duì)話，根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容判斷句子的正誤。正確的寫(xiě)“A”，錯(cuò)誤的寫(xiě)“B”。

Imagine:whenyouareabouttopickaflower,suddenly,itstartstoscream!Althoughthiswillneverreally

happen,anewstudyshowsthatplantscanmakesoundswhentheyarestressed.

SomeresearchersinIsraeldidthestudy.Theyusedultrasonicmicrophones（超聲波麥克風(fēng)）torecordthe

soundsoftomatoplantsinboxes.

Threegroupsofplantswerelistenedto:Onegroupwasn'twateredforfivedays,anothergrouphadthestems

cutoff,andthethirdgroupwasuntouched.Itturnedoutthatthefirsttwogroupsmadesoundsonceperhour.

“Whentomatoplantsarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet,“oneoftheresearcherssaid.

Theresearchersdidn'tknowhowthesoundsweremade,buttheybelievedthenoisescamefromthebreaking

ofairbubbles（氣泡）intheplants.Thismeansthenoiseswereproducedbytheplantsthemselvesnaturally.

Also,theresearcherslistenedtootherplantslikecornandfoundtheyalsomademoresoundswhenfeeling

stressed.Researcherssaidthestudywouldbegoodforthefarmersinthefuture,astheycouldbettertakecareof

thecrops（莊稼）by"hearing“theplants9feelings.

36.Wecaneasilyhearplantsshoutwheytheyarestressed.

37.Theplantsthatweren'twateredforfivedaysproducedmoresoundsthantheplantsthanthathadtheirstemscut

off.

38.AccordingtoParagraph3,weknowthattheplantslikequietenvironments.

39.Theunderlinedsentencemeansthatplantsdidn'tmakethenoisesonpurpose.

40.Thestudyismeaningfulanditcanhelpfarmersplantcropsbetter.

（九）

（2023?新疆烏魯木齊?烏市一中?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下面各小題的正(T)誤(F)。

Insomecities,studentshavelunchatschool.Doyouhavelunchatschool?Whatdoyouhave?Lefslookat

students5lunchboxesallovertheworld.

Spain-Spanishlunchusuallyhaveafewdishes.Thechildrenmayhaverice,souporvegetablesasthefirst

dishandthensomemeatastheseconddish.Theyoftenendupwiththeirlunchwithfruitoryogurt.

Singapore-StudentsinSingaporedon'tgotoatraditionaldininghall.Theyvisitcookingshops.Studentscan

choosebothtraditionalfoodandwesternfood.

France-HealthymealsaretherulesinmanyFrenchschools.AFrenchschoollunchmayhavechickenwith

greenbeansandcheese.

Finland-TheFinnishschoollunchesareatleast50%vegetablesand25%proteins（蛋白質(zhì)）.OnThursdays,

Finnishschoolsservethetraditionalsoupwithpancakes.

Japan-TheJapaneseschoolluncheshaverice,meat,freshfruitandvegetables.Riceandfisharethebasis

formanyofthemeals.

41.Spanishstudentsoftenfinishluncheswithfruitandyogurt.

42.StudentsinSingaporehavelunchincookingshops.

43.FinnishschoolsservebothtraditionalfoodandwesternfoodonThursdays.

44.Frenchstudentsoftenhaveunhealthyfoodforlunch.

45.RiceandfisharethebasisforlotsofJapanesestudents9lunches.

（十）

（2023?湖南湘西?統(tǒng)考三模）

閱讀判斷讀短文，判斷句子是否符合短文內(nèi)容。符合的選T,不符合的選F。

ThemostpopularwaytowelcomethenewyearintheUnitedStatesistohaveabigparty.Somepartiesareat

people'shomes.Butinrecentyears,ithasbecomemoreandmorecommonforAmericanstogotoahoteloraclub

orarestaurantonthenightofDecemberthe31st.There,theycanhavedinner,drinkanddance.

MostNewYear'spartieshavesomethingincommon.Firstofall,theyareusuallynoisy.Peoplesingand

bandsplay.Andoften,guestspullacrackerwhentheclockstrikestwelveatmidnight.Peoplethinkthatloud

soundswoulddriveawaytheevil（牙B惡的）spiritsoftheoldyearbeforethenewyearbegins.

ThebiggestandnoisiestNewYearpartyintheUnitedStatestakesplaceatTimesSquareinNewYorkCity.

Thousandsofpeoplegatherthere.Someofthemringbellsorletoffcrackers.Othersblowwhistlesorcarhorns.

Andat12o9clock,theybegintocheer.Anelectricsignintheshapeofaredapplelightsupontopofatallbuilding.

46.ThearticleisaboutNewYear'scelebrationsintheUSA.

47.Inrecentyears,AmericanshavepartiesathomesonthenightofDecemberthe31st.

48.MostNewYear'spartiesaredifferentintheUnitedStates.

49.ThebiggestandnoisiestNewYearpartytakesplaceatTimesSquareinNewYorkCity.

50.MostNewYearpartiesareusuallynoisybecausepeoplewanttogetridofbadluckoftheoldyear.

（十一）

（2023?山東聊城?統(tǒng)考三模）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷其后面所給句子的對(duì)錯(cuò)。正確的為A,錯(cuò)誤的為B。

EnglishisspokenmostlyintheUS,theUK,Canada,Australia,NewZealandandSouthAfrica.InChinaand

manyothercountries,Englishisthemostimportantforeignlanguagethatchildrenlearnatschool,becausewhen

theygrowup,itwillbequitepossibleforthemtomeetpeoplefromothercountries.Theywillneedacommon

languagetocommunicatewitheachother.Englishisnowusedbynearlyaquarteroftheworld'spopulation,and

anywhereyougointheworld,thereisagoodchancethatyouwillmeetsomeonewhospeaksEnglish.

ThereasonwhyEnglishisspokeneverywhereisthatinthenineteenthcentury,Englishbecamethelanguage

ofworldtrade.Andinthetwentiethcentury,theUSspreadEnglishtotheworldthroughnewspapers,televisionand

films.Itisnowthecommonlanguageforinternationaltravel,science,industry,andrecently,information

technologyandtheInternet.

ItisalsoimportanttoknowthatEnglishhasborrowedmanywordsfromotherlanguages,forexample,

“restaurant“fromFrench,^4zero^^fromArabic,^^piano^^fromItalian,and"tofii“fromChinese.

WilltheimportanceofEnglishlast?AsChinacontinuestogrow,manypeoplethinkthatChinesewillbecome

ascommonasEnglishbythemiddleofthetwenty-firstcentury.However,mostpeoplestillthinkthatEnglishwill

beusedmostaroundtheworld,atleastforthenexttwentyorthirtyyears.

SowhoownsEnglish?Theansweriseveryonewhospeaksit.Eventhoughwespeakdifferenttypesof

English,weareallpartofaninternationalclub.WeallownEnglish.

51.InChina,Englishisthemostimportantlanguagethatchildrenlearnatschool.

52.Nearlyaquarteroftheworld'spopulationspeakEnglish.

53.Englishbecamethelanguageofworldtradeaboutonehundredyearsago.

54.'Tofif'wasfirstusedbyChinesepeople.

55.Inthefuture,Englishwon'tbespokenbyChinesepeople.

（十二）

（2023.山東威海.統(tǒng)考一模）

Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:Howmanyplastic（塑料）straws（吸

管）doAmericansuseeveryday?

Hequicklylearnedtherewasn'tasimpleanswer.Theboytriedtoworkitouthimself.Throughlotsof

research,CressfoundoutthatAmericansuseabout500millionstrawseveryday.Inhopesofreducing（減少；縮

減）plasticwaste,hefounded（創(chuàng)建）theBeStrawFreeprojectin2011.

Cressstartedtheprojectinhishometown-Burlington,Vermont.Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopoffering

strawswitheverydrinkorder.Itwasasimplechange.However,itwouldsavemoney.Andbydoingthatthe

restaurantwouldcutdownonitsstrawuseby50percent.

Fortheyearsthatfollowed,CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates.Moreandmore

restaurantsagreedtojoin.Theystopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone.LastApril,

SeattlebecametheAmericancitytocompletelyban（禁止）.

Plasticpollutionhasbeenoneofthemostseriousproblemstoday.Accordingtoscientists,morethaneight

milliontonsofplasticendupintheoceaneachyear.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyfor

peopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.

Afterhisprojectbecamepopular,Cresstookhisfindingsontheroad.Hehassincespokentotensofthousands

ofstudentsaroundtheworld.Hewantstoencouragemorepeopletosaynotoplasticstraws.

“Focusing（聚焦）onstrawsisonesimplestepweallcouldtake,“Cresssays."AnditmakesmefeelthatI,

couldmakeadifference,too.”

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正（A）誤（B）o

56.MiloCressstartedtocareabouttheproblemofstrawsintheyear2011.

57.CressstartedtheBeStrawFreeprojectinordertoencouragepeopletoreduceplasticwaste.

58.CressaskedarestaurantinBurlingtontopreventpeoplefromusingstrawstodrink.

59.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterriblebecausescientistspaylittleattentiontotheirinfluence.

60.Overtheyears,CresshasspreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStatesandspokentoteensaroundtheworldabout

plasticwaste.

（十三）

（2023?甘肅定西?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）

Goodmorning,everyone,IamProfessorSmithandIamyourlaboratoryinstructor.Thisclassisarrangedasa

necessarypartofthecourse,whichDr.Jameswillbeinchargeof.Thisclasswillmeettwiceaweekinthislab.It

beginsatnine.Iexpectyoutobeontime.Idon'twanttowaitforlatecomersorrepeatwhathasalreadybeen

coveredifyoumisstheexplanation.Donotarrivelateandinterruptyourneighbor;youmayaswellnotcomeif

youcan'tbeontime.

Attendanceisequallyimportant.Ifyoumissthreelabclasses,yournamewillbemovedawayfromtheclass

list.I'mafraid,noexcuses.Youcan'tcompletethecoursewithoutcompletinglabclass.

Safetyiskeyhere.Itisveryimportanttokeepthingsneatandclean,dressproperly,andbecareful.Youmay

noteat,drinkorsmokeinthelabandyoushouldalwayscleanthetabletopandwashyourhandsbeforeandafter

theclass.Longhairmustbetiedup.Largeclothingmustnotbeworn.And,finally,anylabaccidentmustbe

reportedimmediately.

Ihopeyou'llenjoythelab.It'sawonderfulplacebutalltheseinstructionsaretobestrictlyfollowed.Wewill

begintodaybylearningaboutthemicroscope.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確為“A"，錯(cuò)誤為“B”。

61.ProfessorSmithisgivinginstructionstothestudents.

62.Studentsareallowedtodealwithsomesmallaccidentswithouttellingtheteacher.

63.Astudentwillbedroppedfromclassifhemissesthreelabclasses.

64.Thelonghairwearerwillbeaskedtoleavetheclass.

65.Theshorttalkismainlyabouthowtofollowtheinstructionsinalaboratoryclass.

（十四）（2023.吉林長(zhǎng)春.東北師大附中?？既＃?/p>

FrankandhisbrotherJacklivedneartheocean.FrankwasoutgoingwhileJackwasshy.Theylikeddoing

differentthings.Frankwasfamousfororganizinggamesofbeachvolleyball,football,andanyothersport

imaginable.Jackpreferredtodraw,paint,orbuildsandcastles（沙堡）.

Frankdidn'tunderstandwhyJackwouldratherdoartisticthingsthanplayball.Hebelievedsportsoften

allowedmanykidstoplaytogether.ThatwaswhenJack'sideahatched.HewouldshowFrankwhatdoingthings

togetherlookedlike!

AfterJackfinishedcreatingaspecialsandcastlewithstairs,towersandwalls,hetookpicturesofit.Thenhe

paintedcolorfulpostersfeaturing（突出）hissandcastleandthequestion,6tCanyoutopthis?”Hehunghisposters

everywhereintown,announcinghisplanforadayofsandcastleartistry-allageswelcome.

WhenFranksawposter,hetoldJackthatnoonewouldcome.Still,shortlyaftersunriseonSaturday,Jackwas

onthebeachdigginginthesand.Bymid-morning,fourkidsweresculptingthesandalongsidehim.Bynoonthe

numberhadincreasedalot.

AfterFrankcamebackfromhisballgame,hewenttocheckhowhisbrother'splanturnedout.

Hecouldn'tbelievewhathesaw.Atleast30peoplewerebuildingacityofsandcastles,andeveryonewas

chattingandlaughingandworkingtogether!Itwasthemostbeautifulthinghehadseenonthebeach.

“Iguessyou'veprovedmewrong/5Franksaid."Youshouldmakethissandcastledayayearlytradition!,?

HandingFrankashovel（鏟子）withsmile,Jackgotstartedtogetherwithhisbrotherontheirsupercreationinthe

sand.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷下列句子正（T）誤（F）。

66.Jackwasinterestedinsportsandthoughtsportscouldmakepeopleplaytogether.

67.FrankknewaboutJack'splanbecausehesawthecolorfulposters.

68.WhenlearningaboutJack'splan,Frankdidn'tsupportJack.

69.Onlyafewpeoplewenttothebeachtomakesandcastles.

70.Jack'splanworkedwell.

（2023?湖南婁底?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

閱讀下面的短文，判斷下列句子是否與短文內(nèi)容相符，符合的寫(xiě)（A）,不符合的寫(xiě)（B）。

HeSudanisasandpaintingartist.ShewasbomintoanartisticfamilyinHunanProvince.Shestartedtoshow

hertalentinpaintingasachild.Sh