語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Part01謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)態(tài)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞——被動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，一般來(lái)說(shuō)只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。助動(dòng)詞be有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化。常見(jiàn)的七種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/isaredone

一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/weredone一般將來(lái)時(shí)：will/shallbedone 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/arebeingdone過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/werebeingdone 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/hasbeendone

過(guò)去完成時(shí)：hadbeendone一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形成注意：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天八小時(shí)的睡眠必須保證。一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形成1、不知道或沒(méi)必要指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。Thesportsmeetingwillbeheldnextweek.運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在下周進(jìn)行。2、強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)Tommywasunluckytobehitbythefootball.湯米很倒霉地被那個(gè)足球砸到了。3、動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被較長(zhǎng)的修飾語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)。Thecoatwasorderedbythefashionablydressedwoman.這件大衣被那位穿著時(shí)髦的女性預(yù)定了。二、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要情況一個(gè)句子賓語(yǔ)變主語(yǔ)的過(guò)程就是主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)的過(guò)程。1、主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)→被動(dòng)句Hewaterstheflowerseveryday.→Theflowersarewateredbyhimeveryday.三、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換2、主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)→被動(dòng)句①give，send，take，bring等常帶有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可將其中任何一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)改為主語(yǔ)，另一個(gè)保留不變。在這種變換過(guò)程中，如果直接賓語(yǔ)成為被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，被保留的間接賓語(yǔ)前通常加to。Thestudentsgavetheforeignguestsawarmwelcome.學(xué)生們給予了外國(guó)賓客熱烈的歡迎。1）Theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythestudents.2）Awarmwelcomewasgiventotheforeignguestsbythestudents.三、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換2、主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)→被動(dòng)句②buy，make，find，get等在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中被保留的間接賓語(yǔ)前通常加for。此時(shí)for不可省略，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，間接賓語(yǔ)不作主語(yǔ)。Myfatherboughtmeamobilephone.→Amobilephonewasboughtformebymyfather.Iwasboughtamobilephonebymyfather.（×）三、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換3、主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)→被動(dòng)句①該結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，原主語(yǔ)常省略。Wecallthiskindofwaterspringwater.我們稱(chēng)這種水為泉水。→Thiskindofwateriscalledspringwater(byus).三、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換②帶有形式賓語(yǔ)it的句子也可以變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句。Weconsideritimportanttopreparewellforthecomingexamination.我們認(rèn)為充分準(zhǔn)備即將到來(lái)的考試很重要。→Itisconsideredimportanttopreparewellforthecomingexamination(byus).③省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)要加上toIheardhermovearoundintheroomlastnight.昨晚我聽(tīng)到她在房間里走動(dòng)。→Shewasheardtomovearoundintheroomlastnight.三、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)換1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表動(dòng)作，系表結(jié)構(gòu)表狀態(tài)。Thecatwasfrightenedbylightning.貓被閃電驚嚇到了。（貓被嚇到）Thecatwasfrightened.貓?bào)@嚇到了。（貓?zhí)庴@嚇狀態(tài)。）四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別2、系表結(jié)構(gòu)中過(guò)去分詞可用quite，very，rather，too，so，more，most等詞修飾，被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中過(guò)去分詞可用greatly，much等詞修飾。Themeetingwasarrangedquiteperfect.會(huì)議安排得相當(dāng)完美。Weweregreatlytouchedbytheletter.這封信使我們深受感動(dòng)。四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別Part02練習(xí)1.Now,peoplecanlearnaboutthehistorythroughadocumentarycalledTheSix:TheUntoldStoryofTitanic’sChinesePassengers,which__________(release)onApril16,2021.2.InAugust2019,ameteorologicalcenterand65staffmembersfromacrosstheprovincebeganoperationsinXi’an.Andnowtheteam__________(support)bytheworkofotherforecastersintheprovince.3.Sofar,anumberofnewtechnologies__________(apply)tothecorecabin(核心艙).練習(xí)wasrealeasedis/aresupportedhavebeenapplied4.Thatpromisemaybeyearsawayfromrealizationbutrapidtypingenabledbybioprintingatpresent__________(push)medicaladvancesforwardatasteadypace.5.Fairtradeisthetradethatisgoodfortheproducer,asystemthatensuresmoreofthepriceconsumerspay__________(go)totheproducer.6.TherepairoftheJiankouGreatWall,which__________(start)in2016,wascarriedoutgradually.練習(xí)ispushinggoesstarted7.ThisChinesepalacewithahistoryofabout600yearsreceivesmillionsofvisitorseveryyearandlotsofTVprograms__________(show)theplaceinrecentyears.8.EverytimewhenI__________(be)abletodeliveraspeechtotheaudiencefromaroundtheworld,Ialwaysthoughtofyou.練習(xí)haveshownwas9.AmidtheongoingCOVID-19pandemic,moreandmoreChinesehaverealizedtheimportanceofhealthand__________(start)exercisingathomebecauseofthecontrolandpreventionpolicythathindersthemfromgoingoutsometimes.10.Aneagleflewoverthesnow-cappedmountains,which