高一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

必修二------Unit1CulturalRelics文化遺產(chǎn)1.lookinto調(diào)查2.insiston/uponsth/doing堅(jiān)持做，堅(jiān)決做3.belongto屬于4.get/belost;bemissing迷路，丟失5.dowith處理；對(duì)付6.insearchof;inthe/one’ssearchfor尋找7.beusedtodosth.被用來(lái)做某事8.beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事9.bemadeinto..被制成；bemadeof/from用…制成(看得見(jiàn)原材料/看不見(jiàn)原材料)bemadefor為…制作，bemadeupof由…組成10.beof+抽象名詞=be+該詞的形容詞“beof+名詞(詞組)”表示主語(yǔ)的某種形狀或特征beofa(n)/the/thesame“屬于,歸于”beofthesize/weight/height/age/colour/kind…11.workofamberart琥珀藝術(shù)品.12.asagiftof作為…的禮物13.inreturn作為報(bào)答14.becomepartof成為…的一部分15.serveas充當(dāng)，用作16.add…to…添加…到…17.greatwondersoftheworld世界上的偉大奇跡18.beatwar處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)19.lessthan少于20.nodoubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)21.remainamystery仍然是個(gè)迷22.takeapart拆開(kāi)23.ratherthan勝于,而不是25.tellthetruth說(shuō)實(shí)話26.pretendtodosth假裝做某事27.giveanexamplefromyourownlife舉一個(gè)你生活中的例子28.thinkhighlyof看重，重視29.searchfor=lookfor30.agreewithsb同意某人的意見(jiàn)31.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(could/might/must/should)+havedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，批評(píng)，反悔等意思32.havesth.done表示“請(qǐng)人做某事”“使遭遇某種(不幸的)事情”Unit21takepartin/joinin參加2thespiritof精神、宗旨、靈魂3usedto過(guò)去常常4findout查明，找出5everyfouryears每四年，每隔三年6twosetsof兩套，兩組7allowsb.in(out)允許進(jìn)入（出去）8allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事9allowdoingsth.允許干某事。10be/getmarried＋to(不能用with)sb和……結(jié)婚11asetof一套，一組12competein…在某方面競(jìng)爭(zhēng)13competefor…為……而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)14competewith/against與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)15beadmittedto獲準(zhǔn)做某事16beadmittedas作為…被接受17reachthestandard達(dá)到……水平、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)18playanimportantrole/partin在…方面扮演重要角色（起重要作用）19aswellas和……一樣20thankyouforyourtime感謝您（能抽空……）21comefromthesameroot同根22have(no)chanceofdoingsth有/沒(méi)做…的機(jī)會(huì)23gowith`伴隨，與……搭配24relate…to…把……與關(guān)聯(lián)起來(lái)25relatewith和……有關(guān)26runagainst…和……賽跑27hearof聽(tīng)說(shuō)28makesure確定29taketurn輪流30oneafteranother一個(gè)接一個(gè)31makesure+thatclause確定Unit31.soundsimple聽(tīng)起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單2.atechnologicalrevolution技術(shù)革命3.artificialintelligence人工智能4.beginas作為…開(kāi)始5.solve/settleaproblem解決問(wèn)題6.asimple-mindedman一個(gè)頭腦簡(jiǎn)單的人7.mathematicalproblem數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題8.betotallychanged被完全改變了9.shareinformationwith與…信息共享10.servethehumanrace為人類服務(wù)11.commonknowledge常識(shí)12.dealwith處理13.inmyopinion在我看來(lái)14.publicopinion公眾輿論15ananalyticalmethod分析法16.sharearoomwith與…共居一室17.connectwith與…有關(guān)18.goby（從…旁）走過(guò)19.bringintoeffect使生效20.thecommonpeople老百姓21.gettogether聚集22.afterall畢竟23.withthehelpof在…的幫助下24.makeup編造，化妝25.apersonalletter私人信件26.watchover看守，監(jiān)視27.haveagoodtime玩得愉快28.onceayear一年一度29.makeadecision做出決定30.allowsb.todosth.允許某人干某事31.buildingmaterials建筑材料32.infact事實(shí)上33.createanewbuilding創(chuàng)建一棟新樓34.inaway在某種程度上Unit41.asaresult結(jié)果Asaresultof=becauseof由于resultin=cause導(dǎo)致resultform由于2.dieout（動(dòng)，植物物種）滅絕dieo死于…（多內(nèi)因）diefrom死于…（多外因）diedow變?nèi)酰恢饾u消失bedyingfor渴望得到…3.beataloss=bepuzzledat=beconfused迷惑的，不解的sufferaloss(of)蒙受損失makeupforaloss彌補(bǔ)損失belostinone’sthought(陷入沉思)loseheartloseone’shearttosb4.inpeace平靜的（地）；安靜的（地）insilence/inquiet/insurprise/inahurry5.huntingfor搜索;搜尋6.beindangerof有…危險(xiǎn)beoutofdanger脫離危險(xiǎn)endangeredadj.瀕危的dangerous危險(xiǎn)的7.have/giveaneffecton/upon…takeeffect(生效)come/gointoeffect生效；實(shí)施8.beconcernedabout擔(dān)心.關(guān)心，掛念9.getdressed穿上衣服getdone強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，不能和表一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用;bedone表狀態(tài)10.turnround:轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去，圍繞…旋轉(zhuǎn)11.applyto應(yīng)用beappliedto被應(yīng)用于applyfor請(qǐng)求,申請(qǐng)…..applytosb.fortect……from保護(hù)…..免受….危害preventfrom阻止（stop/keepfrom）13.haveaeffecton對(duì)...有影響14.withasadfacelookingather.with+賓語(yǔ)(O)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)15.comeintobeing:形成；產(chǎn)生；開(kāi)始存在comeintouse：開(kāi)始被使用comeintoone’smind/head:突然想到comeintofashion:開(kāi)始流行comeintoconsideration:開(kāi)始考慮Unit5rollover翻身,打滾rollup卷起rolldown滾下來(lái)dreamof/about(doing)sth夢(mèng)見(jiàn),夢(mèng)想…3.ataconcert在音樂(lè)會(huì)上behonestwithsb.對(duì)…誠(chéng)實(shí)behonestaboutsth.behonestindoingsth.formthehabitof養(yǎng)成…的習(xí)慣intheformof以…的形式inform在形式上passers-by路人（復(fù)數(shù)）6.earnextramoney賺外快givesb.achancetodo給某人做某事的機(jī)會(huì)playjokes/ajokeonsb捉弄playtricks/atrickonsb.;laughat/makefunof嘲笑；取笑baseon以….為基礎(chǔ),基于….bebasedon9.makemusic做音樂(lè)breakup破裂；拆散；停止；（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等）爆發(fā)breakin/into闖進(jìn)breakoff中斷；停止breakdown壞掉，發(fā)生故障；（身體）垮掉hitsb.on/inthe+身體部位擊中某人的…bychance/accident偶然，意外地13.comeacross偶然遇見(jiàn)14.sortout分類15.beconfidentof/about/in對(duì)……有信心16.give/putonaperformace=perform演出，表演17.gowrong出了毛病18.sincethen從那時(shí)起19.comeupwith提出20.sticktodo=insistondoing堅(jiān)持做某事21.aboveofall首先，最重要的是firstofall第一22.playmusicalinstrument演奏樂(lè)器23.attractone’sattention/interest吸引某人的注意力/興趣新課標(biāo)必修1Unit1Friendship重點(diǎn)詞組句子歸納總結(jié)重點(diǎn)詞組：begoodto對(duì)….友好addup合計(jì)anothertime改時(shí)間getsthdone使…被做calmdown鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)havegotto不得不walkthedog遛狗makealistof列出hideaway躲藏；隱藏beconcernedabout關(guān)心；掛念sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物gothrough經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)檢查setdown放下；記下aseriesof一系列；一套becrazyabout對(duì)…著迷onpurpose故意inorderto/soasto為了facetoface面對(duì)面地getalongwith與…相處packup收拾，打理行裝accordingto按照；根據(jù)…所說(shuō)havetroublewithsb/sth同某人鬧意見(jiàn)；做…有困難communicatewithsb和…交際throwawaythefriendship放棄/終止友誼tryout試驗(yàn)；試用joinin參加（活動(dòng)）farandwide到處looktosth注意，留心某事fallinlove相愛(ài)ignorantof無(wú)知的cheatsb(out)ofsth騙取某人某物havethe/ahabitofdoingsth有做…的習(xí)慣句子歸納：1.Iwonderif…我想知道是否….2.It’sbecause…這是因?yàn)椤?此從句中because不能用since或as代替3.Whatdoyouthinkagoodfriendshouldbelike?你認(rèn)為一個(gè)好朋友應(yīng)該是什么樣的呢？4.Whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.=Whileyouwerewalkingthedog,…在遛狗時(shí)，你不小心讓狗掙脫了繩子，結(jié)果狗被車撞了。（當(dāng)while,when,before,after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可將從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞省去。）5.Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?你想有一位無(wú)話不談、能推心置腹的朋友嗎？6.Ihaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我已經(jīng)很久不能去戶外，所以我變得對(duì)自然界的所有東西都很感興趣。7.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofbirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.我記得非常清楚，曾有一段時(shí)間，湛藍(lán)的天空、鳥(niǎo)兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未使我心醉神迷過(guò)。8.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface.這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次目睹夜晚。9.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.如果您給我提些建議，我會(huì)非常感謝的。（Iwouldbegratefulif…委婉客氣提出請(qǐng)求）10.It’sagoodhabitforyoutokeepadiary.記日記對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。Shefounditdifficulttosettleand…Thisseriesofreadersisveryinteresting.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Peoplearetoldthattheiractionsshouldbeasgentleasthewindthatblowsfromthesea.新課標(biāo)必修1Unit2重點(diǎn)詞組句子歸納總結(jié)重點(diǎn)詞組：in…ways在…方面suchas例如believeitornot信不信由你comeupwith提出comeuptoaplace參觀某地everbefore從前evenif/though即使attheendof在…末期bebasedon在...基礎(chǔ)上closeto距離…近c(diǎn)hange…into把…變成intheearlydays在早期take…with…隨身攜帶thesame…as與…相同的atpresent目前beabsentfrom缺席bepresentat在席；出席carryoutarule執(zhí)行規(guī)則beanativeof是…人atsb’srequest應(yīng)某人的要求haveacommandof掌握makearequest請(qǐng)求requestthat…(should)+v原形inonedirection朝一個(gè)方向givecommands命令bedifferentfrom與…不同inthe1600’s=inthe1600sasarule通常；照例benativeto是…的土產(chǎn)動(dòng)物/植物asweknow正如我們所知aninternationallanguage一門國(guó)際語(yǔ)言aninternationalorganization一個(gè)國(guó)際組織playarole/part(in)在…中擔(dān)任角色；在…中起作用;扮演一個(gè)角色；參與playanimportantrole/part在…中起重要作用becauseof因?yàn)?；由于comeup(vi)走進(jìn)；上來(lái)；發(fā)生；被討論make(good/full)useof（好好/充分）利用fromoneplacetoanother從一處到另一處presentsthtosb/presentsbwithsth句子歸納：However,theymaynotbeabletounderstandeverything.（然而，他們可能不是什么都懂。）ThisisbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.(這是因?yàn)橛?guó)于1765年到1947年統(tǒng)治過(guò)印度。)Alllanguageschangewhenculturescommunicatewithoneanother.(當(dāng)不同文化互相溝通時(shí)，所有的語(yǔ)言都會(huì)發(fā)生變化。)WhattheBritishcall“petrol”theAmericanscall“gas”.(美國(guó)人把被英國(guó)人稱作“petrol”的東西稱作“gas”。此處what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)Actually,itwasbasedmoreonGermanthanpresentdayEnglish.(實(shí)際上，當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多地是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的，而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是。)…thosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.TheUSisalargecountryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken.(inwhich=where,其引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。美國(guó)是一個(gè)大國(guó)，國(guó)內(nèi)說(shuō)著許許多多的方言。)…thereismorethanonekindofEnglishintheworld.(morethanone+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù))ItisnoteasyforaChinesepersontospeakEnglishaswellasanativeEnglishspeaker.(對(duì)于一個(gè)中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)把英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得跟以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人一樣好是不容易的。)句型：Itis+adj/n+forsbtodosth對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是…擴(kuò)充：Itis+adj+of/forsbtodosth當(dāng)句式中形容詞修飾todosth時(shí)用for;若形容詞修飾sb，則用of.eg:It’skindofyoutohelpmecarrythebox.附：either…or…和neither…nor…連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采取就近原則。bedifferentin強(qiáng)調(diào)在某方面的不同bedifferentfrom強(qiáng)調(diào)在各方面的不同3.intheend最后，最終后無(wú)of結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)表示最后最終的用法：⑴finally:按照順序的最后，常與first,secondly等連用⑵atlast:經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間等待直到最后⑶intheend:經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期曲折斗爭(zhēng)努力，終于…如：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等與人交談，常會(huì)有聽(tīng)不清楚或聽(tīng)不懂的情形，遇到這種情況該如何開(kāi)口呢？⑴Pardon?⑵Ibegyourpardon?Idon’tunderstand./Sorry,Ican’tfollowyou.對(duì)不起，我沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂，請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍好嗎？⑶Couldyousaythatagain,please?/Couldyourepeatthat,please?請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍好嗎？⑷Couldyouspeakmoreslowly,please?請(qǐng)你說(shuō)得慢一點(diǎn)好嗎？include—including;includedidentity—identifyactually—actual(adj);apidly—rapid(v)government(n)—govern(v)wide(adj)—widen(v);broad(adj)—broaden(v)foreign—foreigner;solve(v)—solution(n)6.petrol------gas;lift------elevator;flat------apartmentfilm------movie;sweets----candy;post------mail新課標(biāo)必修1Unit3TravelJournal重點(diǎn)詞組句子歸納總結(jié)重點(diǎn)詞組：one-wayfare單程票round-tripfare往返票graduatefrom從…畢業(yè)careabout憂慮，關(guān)心carefor喜歡，照顧caretodo愿意/同意做某事givein(vt)上交givein(to)投降；屈服；讓步giveup放棄giveupdoing/sthasusual像往常一樣atmidnight午夜atanaltitudeof在…海拔上attitudeto/toward(s)對(duì)…態(tài)度changeone’smind改變主意tomymind=inmyopinionmakecamp野營(yíng)，宿營(yíng)makeupone’smindtodo決心干某事putupone’stents搭起帳篷sthbefamiliartosb某事為某人所熟悉dreamof/aboutdoingsth夢(mèng)想做某事goforlongbikerides做長(zhǎng)途自行車旅行persuadesbtodosth=persuadesbintodoingsth說(shuō)服某人做某事persuadesbnottodosth=persuadesboutofdoingsth說(shuō)服某人不做某事determinetodosth(動(dòng)作)/bedeterminedtodosth（心理）決心干某事getsbinterestedin使某人對(duì)..感興趣insiston(one’s)sth/doingsth一定要；堅(jiān)持要thebestwayofdoingsth/thebestwaytodosth干某事的最好辦法sbbefamiliarwithsth某人熟悉某事can’twait/canhardlywaittodosth迫不及待想干某事foronething…foranother（用來(lái)引出某事的理由）一則…二則…takeone’sbreathaway使某人大吃一驚句子歸納：ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheMekongRiver.強(qiáng)調(diào)句基本句型：itis/was….that….其中指人時(shí)可用who(主)，whom(賓)。Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatwe(should)findthesourceoftheriver.insistthat….(should)+v原形堅(jiān)持要；堅(jiān)持要求insistthat….陳述語(yǔ)氣堅(jiān)持說(shuō)；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為Haveyoueverseensnowmenridebicycles?(metaphor)Toclimbthemountainroadwashardworkbuttogodownthehillswasgreatfun.Goodluckonyourjourney.Thelakeshonelikeglassinthemoonlight.(simile)新課標(biāo)必修1Unit4Earthquakes重點(diǎn)詞組句子歸納總結(jié)重點(diǎn)詞組：havetimetodo有時(shí)間做某事happentodo碰巧做某事shakehandswithsb握手burstintotears/laughterinruins成為廢墟cutacross穿過(guò)、橫穿blowaway吹走、刮走falldown倒塌rescueworkers救援人員bepleasedtodo樂(lè)意做某事make/giveaspeech發(fā)表演說(shuō)judging….from根據(jù)……來(lái)判斷tensofthousandsof成千上萬(wàn)digout挖掘burstoutcrying/laughing突然哭/笑起來(lái)thinklittleof對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)低beproudof/takepridein以……而自豪invitesbtodosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事invitesbfor/tosththinkhighlyof對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)高one-third1/3two-thirds2/3seventy-fivepercent75%agreewithsbgiveout發(fā)出（氣味等）；分發(fā)；耗盡agreat/largenumberof=agreatmany/good大量的betrappedin/under陷入……/陷在……下面thehighschoolspeakingcompetition高中演講比賽havesbdosth=makesbdosth=letsbdosth讓某人做某事cometoanend(vi)=put/bringsthtoanend=put/bringanendtosth結(jié)束某事agreetosthgiveoff發(fā)出（氣味等）giveback歸還giveaway贈(zèng)送；泄露agreeonsth達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)agreetodosthrightaway=rightnow=atonce=immediately立刻asyouknow正如你所知道的beknownas作為……而知名asisknowntoall眾所周知beknownfor因……而出名ascouldbeexpected正如可以預(yù)料到的itisuselessdoingsth干某事是無(wú)用的happen=takeplace=comeabout=breakout偶發(fā)有計(jì)劃偶發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等爆發(fā)句子歸納：Itisalwayscalmbeforeastorm.Now,imaginetherehasbeenabigearthquake.此句為Therebe句型Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨Itseemedthattheworldwasatanend.Water,foodandelectricitywerehardtoget.句型：主語(yǔ)+be+adj+todo其中todo用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義6.Allhopewasnotlost.all與not連用表示部分否定It’snevertoolatetolearn.活到老，學(xué)到老。附：分詞用法之作定語(yǔ)fallingleaves正在落的葉子boilingwater正在沸騰的水fallenleaves已經(jīng)落在地上的葉子boiledwater開(kāi)水新課標(biāo)必修1Unit5NelsonMandela重點(diǎn)詞組句子歸納總結(jié)重點(diǎn)詞組：loseheart喪失勇氣worryabout擔(dān)心loseone’shearttosb/sth愛(ài)上，喜歡上beworriedabout擔(dān)心（狀態(tài)）introuble處于不幸中besentencedto被判處beoutofwork=loseone’sjob失業(yè)beequalto相等的，平等的beproudof/takepridein以……而自豪invitesbtodosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事invitesbfor/tosththinkhighlyof對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)高one-third1/3two-thirds2/3seventy-fivepercent75%agreewithsbgiveout發(fā)出（氣味等）；分發(fā)；耗盡asamatteroffact=infact=actually事實(shí)上blowup充氣爆炸begfor乞討setup建立，創(chuàng)立；設(shè)置，豎起sendup發(fā)射，使上漲setabout著手做某事(setaboutdoingsth)goup上升，增長(zhǎng)；被興建setoff出發(fā)，動(dòng)身setup設(shè)立，建立；設(shè)置，豎起setout陳列，擺出；開(kāi)始（setouttodosth）stopsb(from)doingsthbeactivein=takeanactivepartin積極參與，在……活躍keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事diefor為……而死diefrom死于（外因）preventsb(from)doingsthdieof死于（內(nèi)因如：饑餓，寒冷，疾病等）beproudof/takepridein以……而自豪invitesbtodosth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事invitesbfor/tosthagreewithsbthinkhighlyof對(duì)…評(píng)價(jià)高one-third1/3two-thirds2/3seventy-fivepercent75%giveout發(fā)出（氣味等）；分發(fā)；耗盡putsbinprison=throwsbintoprison=sendsbtoprison把……投入監(jiān)獄advisesbtodosth建議某人做某事advice不可數(shù)apieceofadviceadvisedoingsthfightfor為爭(zhēng)取……而斗爭(zhēng)advisesbonsthfightagainst為反對(duì)……而斗爭(zhēng)advisethat(should)+v原fightwith同……并肩作戰(zhàn)/同……斗爭(zhēng)haveproblems/difficulty/troublewithsthworkout算出haveago=haveatrybreakthelaw違反法律haveproblems/difficulty/trouble(in)doingsthbewillingtodosth樂(lè)于做某事realizeone’sdreamof實(shí)現(xiàn)……的夢(mèng)想answerviolencewithviolence以暴制暴cometopower當(dāng)權(quán)，上臺(tái)socialactivities社會(huì)活動(dòng)equal(adj)---equally(adv)---equality(n)violence(n)------violent(adj)cruelty(n)---cruel(adj)---cruelly(adv)educated(adj)------education(n)willing----unwilling不愿意的active----inactive不活躍的句子歸納：Onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.only放在句首且后接狀語(yǔ)時(shí)（作狀語(yǔ)：副詞；介詞短語(yǔ)；狀語(yǔ)從句），要使用部分倒裝------才用一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序。Onlyyesterdaydidhisfathertellhimthetruth.Onlywhenhisfathercamebackdidhegotobed.（從句無(wú)需倒裝，主句要倒裝）Hestronglybelievedinthethreeprinciples:nationalism;people’srights;people’slivelihood.他主張三民主義：民主、民權(quán)、民生。IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtothegroup.thefirsttime用法相當(dāng)于連詞用法，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句鏈接：It’sthefirsttimethat現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Itwasthefirsttimethat過(guò)去完成時(shí)Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningswhenweshouldhavebeenasleep.（shouldhavedone本應(yīng)做而未做）needn’thavedone本不應(yīng)做而做了can’thavedone過(guò)去不可能做過(guò)able用法：beabletodoNote:反義詞unable表示不能，而disabled表示殘疾的。beabletodo可以表示經(jīng)過(guò)艱難困苦才能做到的事。abroad用法：表示到（在）國(guó)外，是一個(gè)副詞，前面不加介詞。Note:可以說(shuō)fromabroad,表示從國(guó)外回來(lái)。admit用法：表示承認(rèn)的時(shí)候后面要加上動(dòng)名詞形式。Note:表示允許進(jìn)入的時(shí)候與介詞to搭配。advise用法：advisesb.todo;advisedoingNote:后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。即：advisethatsb.(should)do的形式。afford用法：通常與動(dòng)詞不定式搭配使用。Note:前面需要有beableto或can等詞。after用法：表示在時(shí)間、空間之后；beafter表示追尋。Note:用在將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候后面接一時(shí)間點(diǎn)，而in接一個(gè)時(shí)間段，如：after3o’clock;in3days.agree用法：與介詞on,to,with及動(dòng)詞不定式搭配。Note:agreeon表示達(dá)成一致；agreeto表示批準(zhǔn)；agreewith表示同意某人說(shuō)的話。alive用法：表語(yǔ)性形容詞，在句中只能作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)。Note:可以作狀語(yǔ)使用，表示活活地，如：burysb.alive.allow用法：allowdoing;allowsb.todoNote:可以表示允許進(jìn)入，如：Pleaseallowmein.among用法：用在三者或三者以上的群體中。Note:還可以表示其中之一，如：Heisamongthebest.and用法：用于連接兩個(gè)詞、短語(yǔ)、句子或其他相同結(jié)構(gòu)。Note:與祈使句搭配時(shí)往往可以表示條件。如：Workhard,andyou’llsucceedsoonerorlater.another用法：表示又一個(gè)，泛指，相當(dāng)于onemore的含義。Note:不能直接加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，需要與一個(gè)數(shù)詞搭配，如：another2weeks.answer用法：及物動(dòng)詞，但在作名詞時(shí)要與介詞to搭配。Note:可以表示接電話、應(yīng)門等。如：answerthephone/door.anxious用法：beanxiousfor/about/todoNote:beanxiousabout表示擔(dān)心；beanxiousfor表示盼望得到。appear用法：不及物動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Note:還可以作為系動(dòng)詞，與seem同義，表示看起來(lái)……。arrive用法：arriveat表示到一個(gè)小地方；arrivein表示到一個(gè)大地方。Note:引申含義表示得出，如：arriveatadecision/conclusion.ask用法：asktodo;asksb.todo;askforNote:后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。即：askthatsb.(should)do的形式。asleep用法：表語(yǔ)性形容詞，在句中只能作表語(yǔ)，不能作定語(yǔ)。Note:通常與動(dòng)詞be及fall搭配；soundasleep表示熟睡。attend用法：表示參加，后面經(jīng)常加上meeting,lecture,conference,class,school,wedding,funeral等詞；也可以表示照顧，照料。Note:attendto可以表示處理、照料等。attention用法：payattentionto;draw/catchsb’sattentionNote:寫通知時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)：MayIhaveyourattention,please?beat用法：表示打敗某人，或連續(xù)不斷地?fù)舸蚰澄?。Note:heartbeat表示心跳。because用法：后面接原因狀語(yǔ)從句，becauseof后面接名詞。Note:because表示直接原因，因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑問(wèn)句及用在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中。become用法：系動(dòng)詞，表示變得……?？梢杂珊米儔幕蛴蓧淖兒?。Note:becomeofsb.表示某人發(fā)生了什么事情。before用法：beforelong,longbefore,thedaybeforeyesterday,theweek/yearbeforelast上上周/前年Note:Itbe+段時(shí)間before…在該句型中，主句時(shí)態(tài)只有將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。begin用法：begintodo;begindoingNote:當(dāng)begin本身是進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候，只能用begintodo的形式。如：Itwasbeginningtorain.believe用法：believesb.表示相信某人說(shuō)的話；believeinsb.表示信任；6123結(jié)構(gòu)。Note:回答問(wèn)句時(shí)通常用Ibelieveso/not的形式。besides用法：表示除……之外還有，包含在一個(gè)整體之中。Note:還可以用作副詞，表示此外，要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。beyond用法：表示越過(guò)、在另一邊，如：beyondthewood/bridge.Note:可以用于引申含義，表示超出……，如：beyondcontrol/power/description.bit用法：與alittle一樣可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，形容詞或副詞。Note:修飾名詞時(shí)要用abitof；notabit表示一點(diǎn)也不。blame用法：take/beartheblame;blamesth.on.sb.Note:表示應(yīng)受到責(zé)怪時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：Heistoblame.blow用法：blowdown/awayNote:表示風(fēng)刮得很大時(shí)要用blowhard.boil用法：boiling表示沸騰的；boiled表示煮過(guò)的。Note:boilingpoint可以表示沸點(diǎn)。borrow用法：borrow表示借入：lend表示借出。Note:點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，不能表示借的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短。breath用法：holdone’sbreath;outofbreath;saveone’sbreathNote:takeabreath表示深吸一口氣；takebreath表示喘口氣。burn用法：burndown/up/one’shandNote:burning表示點(diǎn)著的；burnt表示燒壞的。business用法：onbusiness表示出差；in/outofbusiness表示開(kāi)/關(guān)張。Note:表示商業(yè)時(shí)不可數(shù)，表示具體的行業(yè)時(shí)可數(shù)。busy用法：bebusywith/doing.Note:不能說(shuō)Myworkisbusy.應(yīng)說(shuō)Iambusywithmywork.buy用法：buysth.for5dollars;buysth.forsb.Note:點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，不能表示買的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短。but用法：not…but..butfornextbutone,havenochoicebutodosth.,allbut幾乎，差一點(diǎn)Note:donothingbutdosth.nothing前有do，后面的to要省略。Notonly…butalso…引導(dǎo)的并列句，前倒后不倒。cannothelp/choosebutdosth.不能不，只能by用法：byaccident,byair/sea/train,byandby,byfar,byforce,bymistake,bychance,bythewayNote:bywayof取道，經(jīng)由。byreasonof由于。by引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般句子用完成時(shí)態(tài)。care用法：takecareof;withcare;carefor/aboutNote:careabout表示在乎，常用于否定句；carefor表示關(guān)心，喜愛(ài)，常用于肯定句。carry用法：carry表示搬運(yùn)；carryon表示進(jìn)行；堅(jiān)持下去；carryout表示執(zhí)行。Note:carry沒(méi)有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。case用法：incase;incaseof;inanycase;inthis/thatcaseNote:incase后面的狀語(yǔ)從句可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即incasesb.shoulddo的形式。catch用法：catchthethief;catchfire;catchacold;catchupwithNote:becaught表示陷入困境，如：Hewascaughtintherain.cattle用法：集合名詞，動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Cattleareraisedhere.Note:一頭牛可以用aheadofcattle.注意十頭牛用tenheadofcattle。chance用法：bychance;takeachance;thereisachancethat…Note:在chance后面可以用動(dòng)詞不定式或者of的結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ)。change用法：changeAforB表示用A換成B；changeAintoB表示把A變成B。Note:表示變化時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，表示零錢時(shí)不可數(shù)。class用法：集合名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)由其表示的意思決定。Note:inclass表示在上課，intheclass表示在班上。close用法：動(dòng)詞表示關(guān)閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。Note:close作副詞時(shí)表示距離上的靠近，而另一個(gè)副詞形式closely表示密切地。clothes用法：復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，不能加不定冠詞。Note:要用few或many來(lái)修飾。buy用法：buysth.for5dollars;buysth.forsb.Note:點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，不能表示買的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短。but用法：not…but..butfornextbutone,havenochoicebutodosth.,allbut幾乎，差一點(diǎn)Note:donothingbutdosth.nothing前有do，后面的to要省略。Notonly…butalso…引導(dǎo)的并列句，前倒后不倒。cannothelp/choosebutdosth.不能不，只能by用法：byaccident,byair/sea/train,byandby,byfar,byforce,bymistake,bychance,bythewayNote:bywayof取道，經(jīng)由。byreasonof由于。by引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般句子用完成時(shí)態(tài)。call用法：callfor/up/back/in/,callonsb.todosth.,pay/makeacallonsb.givesb.acall,oncallNote:callat后面跟地點(diǎn)；callon后面跟人。care用法：takecareof;withcare;carefor/aboutNote:careabout表示在乎，常用于否定句；carefor表示關(guān)心，喜愛(ài)，常用于肯定句。carry用法：carry表示搬運(yùn)；carryon表示進(jìn)行；堅(jiān)持下去；carryout表示執(zhí)行。Note:carry沒(méi)有方向性，可以表示隨身攜帶。case用法：incase;incaseof;inanycase;inthis/thatcaseNote:incase后面的狀語(yǔ)從句可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即incasesb.shoulddo的形式。catch用法：catchthethief;catchfire;catchacold;catchupwith,catchsb.doingsth.Note:becaught表示陷入困境，如：Hewascaughtintherain.cattle用法：集合名詞，動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Cattleareraisedhere.Note:一頭?？梢杂胊headofcattle.注意十頭牛用tenheadofcattle。chance用法：bychance;takeachance;thereisachancethat…Note:在chance后面可以用動(dòng)詞不定式或者of的結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ)。change用法：changeAforB表示用A換成B；changeAintoB表示把A變成B。Note:表示變化時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，表示零錢時(shí)不可數(shù)。charge用法：chargesb.with(doing)sth.that…,chargesb.todosth.chargesb.for$Note:inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)；inthechargeof由某人負(fù)責(zé)(表示的是被動(dòng)的)。class用法：集合名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)由其表示的意思決定。Note:inclass表示在上課，intheclass表示在班上。clear用法：clearaway,clearoff,makeclear,itisclearthat…Note:clearup及物時(shí)表示“澄清，整理，收拾”；不及物表示“晴朗起來(lái)，開(kāi)朗起來(lái)”。close用法：動(dòng)詞表示關(guān)閉；形容詞表示親密的；副詞表示靠近。Note:close作副詞時(shí)表示距離上的靠近，而另一個(gè)副詞形式closely表示密切地。clothes用法：復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，不能加不定冠詞。Note:要用few或many來(lái)修飾。collect用法：collectstamps;collectone’schildfromschoolNote:acollectphone表示對(duì)方付費(fèi)的電話。come用法：表示到說(shuō)話者所處的地方來(lái)。常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)有：cometo,comeabout,comeacross,comeout,cometoanend,comedown,comeup,comeintobeing/exist/force/effect等。Note:可用作系動(dòng)詞，表示變成，如：Hisdreamscamemon用法：表示普遍性，如：Smithisacommonname.Note:commonsense表示常識(shí)；incommon表示共同點(diǎn)。compare用法：compare…with…表示把……與……作比較；compare…to…表示把……比作……。Note:用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，二者都可以表示比較，如：Comparedwith/tootherwomen,shewasverylucky.consider用法：considerdoingsth./whattodo/that...，considersb.sth.61