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微小世界第一單元教科版《科學(xué)》·六年級(jí)上冊(cè)01知識(shí)概覽02考點(diǎn)梳理{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}放大鏡放大鏡能把物體的圖像放大,使我們看到物體的更多細(xì)節(jié)。放大鏡又叫凸透鏡,鏡片是透明的,中央厚邊緣薄,放大倍數(shù)與鏡片的凸度有關(guān)。放大鏡的凸度越大,放大倍數(shù)越大,視野范圍越小。{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":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esignKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}觀察水中微小的生物用顯微鏡能看到肉眼不能看到的微小的生物。荷蘭的安東尼·范·列文虎克是世界上首次在顯微鏡下發(fā)現(xiàn)微生物的人。在水中生活著形態(tài)各異的微小的生物,他們也具有生物的特征:對(duì)環(huán)境有一定的需求,對(duì)外界的刺激有反應(yīng),會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng),能繁殖等。蘑菇、木耳是生活中可以直接看到的微生物。在顯微鏡下看到在水滴中運(yùn)動(dòng)著的就是微小的生物,它們也具有生命特征。判別是否為生物的方法:①是否需要一定的生活環(huán)境;②是否需要進(jìn)食或自己進(jìn)行光合作用制造食物;③是否需要呼吸;④是否排泄廢物;⑤是否對(duì)外界刺激有應(yīng)急表現(xiàn);⑥是否有生殖現(xiàn)象等。{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\{"pageIdForCopy":"0175210fa805549044953685","elesJsonForCopy":"[{\"data-type\":\"img\",\"eleid\":\"ele1726298127281_9366_2\",\"data-img-kind\":\"image/png\",\"data-elem\":{\"id\":2242911504,\"width\":243,\"height\":241,\"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}"imgWidth\":243,\"imgHeight\":241,\"opacity\":1,\"viewBox\":\"00243241\",\"shadow\":{\"rotate\":315,\"color\":{\"r\":0,\"g\":0,\"b\":0},\"blur\":6,\"offset\":15,\"opacity\":0.3,\"show\":false},\"lock\":false,\"filter\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0},\"isCut\":false,\"dataImgUrl\":false,\"colorful\":{\"default\":\"\",\"overlay\":{\"r\":-1,\"g\":-1,\"b\":-1,\"a\":0},\"adjust\":{\"brightness\":0,\"contrast\":0,\"crossProcess\":0,\"gaussianBlur\":0,\"saturation\":0,\"tint\":0}},\"horizontalScale\":1,\"verticalScale\":1,\"data-key\":\"\",\"oldId\":2242910693,\"source\":0,\"isMated\":true,\"modifiedType\":1},\"reverse\":\"\",\"transform\":\"translate(0,0)rotate(0,121.5,120.5)\",\"animationInfo\":null}]","groupsJsonForCopy":"[]","editorPostionForCopy":"{\"top\":63.39965620639473,\"left\":139.82039022766523,\"right\":382.82039022766526,\"bottom\":304.3996562063947,\"width\":243.00000000000003,\"height\":241}","designKindIdForCopy":127}微生物與健康微生物在自然界中廣泛存在,它與我們的生產(chǎn)、生活密切相關(guān)。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)有些微生物能提供食物或幫助我們生產(chǎn)食物,但有些微生物會(huì)引起霉變。人們利用病原微生物機(jī)器代謝產(chǎn)物制成的各種疫苗為預(yù)防、控制傳染病的發(fā)生做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。人們利用一些微生物處理有機(jī)垃圾和污水。法國(guó)科學(xué)家路易斯·巴斯德是第一個(gè)把微生物和疾病聯(lián)系起來的人。1928年,亞歷山大·弗萊明發(fā)明了青霉素,從而使千萬人免于受肺炎等疾病的侵染致死。疫苗是指以死亡或減毒的病原體制成的生物制品。疫苗被注入人體后,可刺激人體免疫系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生抗體,達(dá)到預(yù)防傳染病的目的。19世界英國(guó)醫(yī)生愛德華·琴納發(fā)現(xiàn)接種牛痘能讓人獲得對(duì)天花的免疫力,發(fā)明了世界上第一支疫苗。03例題講解TeachingProcessSteps例題1借助________觀察到電視機(jī)或計(jì)算機(jī)屏幕畫面由________、________、________三種顏色組成。答案:放大鏡;紅;綠;藍(lán)解析:觀察電子屏幕,看到的應(yīng)該是光的三原色:紅、綠、藍(lán)。例題2宇航員在空間站中往扁平的水膜中慢慢注入水后水膜變成了水球,如下圖在這過程中(
)。A.凸度越來越大,放大倍數(shù)變大,觀察到的視野范圍變小B.凸度越來越大,放大倍數(shù)變大,觀察到的視野范圍變大C.凸度越來越大,放大倍數(shù)不變,觀察到的視野范圍變小D.凸度越來越大,放大倍數(shù)變小,觀察到的視野范圍變大答案:A例題3方形玻璃魚缸甲和球形玻璃魚缸乙中各養(yǎng)了一條小魚。從容器側(cè)面觀察,兩條小魚大小相同。若兩條小魚從水中取出比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)(
)。A.甲中魚大 B.乙中魚大 C.兩條魚一樣大答案:A解析:甲相當(dāng)于玻璃,觀察到的魚不會(huì)變化;乙相當(dāng)于凸透鏡,觀察到的魚比原來大。所以實(shí)際乙
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