大學(xué)英語六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷15（共185題）

大學(xué)英語六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷15（共9套）

（共185題）

大學(xué)英語六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、仔細(xì)閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Rcscarulicrshavesuggcblcdthatone'sciiiulioiialinlclli^cnuc（EQ）isagicalciindiualuiof

successandsatisfactionthanhisintellectualintelligence（IQ）contrarytoanassumption

thatpeoplewithhighIQsareboundtoaccomplishalotinlife.PsychologistsJackHayer

andPeterSaloveyintroducedtheconceptofemotionalintelligence,orEI,intheearly

1990s.Accordingtothem,emotionalintelligenceisaperson'sabilitytounderstandhis

ownemotionandthoseofothers,andtoactappropriatelyusingtheseemotions.Ona

personallevel,EQincludeshavingmotivationandpursuingagoalsuccessfully.Itis

generallyacceptedthatthefoundationforemotionalintelligenceisbuiltinearly

childhoodandemotionalintelligencecanbetaughtanddeveloped.Therefore,nomatter

whatone'sinnateabilityis,hecanlearntheskillssuchasmakingfriends,beingagood

parentandgettingalongwithcoworkers.Thereisnobigdifferencebetweenmenand

womenontotalEQ,butusuallymentendtobebetteratstresstoleranceandwomentend

tobebetteratempathyandinterpersonalrelationship.Intellectualintelligenceoffers

virtuallynopreparationfortheproblemsonecanfaceinthemiddleofhislife.Even

thoughpeoplealreadyknowthatahighIQisnoguaranteeofsuccess,theygetusedto

payingmoreattentiontointellectualintelligencenotemotionalintelligence.Havinga

highIQ,thatishavingagoodmemory,doesnotnecessarilymeanthepersoniscapable

ofdealingwithemotions.Therearepeoplewholackthesocialskillsassociatedwithhigh

emotionalintelligence,eventhoughtheyareveryintelligent.IQisjusttheindicatorof

schoolachievementandeducationalsuccess.Lowemotionalintelligence,however,can

affectintellectualcapabilities.Forexample,depressionexertsinfluenceonone's

memoryandconcentration.Psychologicaltestshaveproventhatfeelingsofrejectioncan

dramaticallyreduceIQ,resultinginaggressivenessandbeingoutofself-control.Having

ahighIQalonedoesnotmeanthatapersonwillreachhispotential.Moderateto

substantialgeneticinfluenceonIQhasalsobeenfoundthroughmanystudiesanditis

widelyrecognizedthatnotallindividualsareendowedwiththesameintelligence,butit

shouldnotbeignoredthatgenesinteractwiththeenvironment.Socialfactorswillsurely

addtointelligence.One'ssuccessisoftendecidedbythreefactors—experienceand

training,IQ,andEQ—amongwhichIQistheleastimportantfactorandEQplaysa

majorrole.Especiallyleadershipsuccessisfoundtobeattributabletoemotional

intelligence.FortunatelywhileIQisfixedandstatic,EQcanbedevelopedandimproved

throughoutlifebytraining,heightening,andexpandingemotionalsensitivityandself-

awareness.

1、WhatisthedefinitionofEQingeneralaccordingtothepassage?

A、EQisaperson5scompetencetobeawareofhisorother'semotionandtoactin

accordancewithit.

B、ApersonwithhighEQishighlymotivatedtoachievesuccess.

C、EQisanindicatorofinteractionandlifestyle.

D^EQishowpeopleinteractwithothersandnature.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問，根據(jù)原文情商大體上是如何定義的?定位于第一段

“Accordingtothem,emotionalintelligenceisaperson'sabilitytounderstandhis

owncmotionandthoseofothers,andtoactappropriatelyusingtheseemotions.“可知

正確選項(xiàng)是A。選項(xiàng)8為干擾項(xiàng)，第一段賽后一句，4tOnapersonallevel,EQ

includeshavingmotivationandpursuingagoalsuccessfully.”是從個(gè)人層面講,而題

干問總體上，所以有偏差。選項(xiàng)C與選項(xiàng)D,與文章表述差別較大。

2、WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutEQaccordingtothepassage?

A^Emotionalintelligencecanbelearnedanddevelopedthroughoutlife.

B、Emotionalintelligenceisarelativelyrecentideacomparedtotheother.

C、ThereisamajordifferencebetweenmaleandfemaleontotalEQ.

D、Emotionalintelligenceinfluencesothersdramatically.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。原文第：段“Thereisnobigdifferencebetweenmenand

womenonlolalEQ...”男女情商總體上沒什么大差別。而選項(xiàng)C,男女在情商上有較

大差別，與原文意思恰好相反。選項(xiàng)A對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第一句；選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第

二句；選項(xiàng)D對(duì)應(yīng)第三段。

3、WhichoneofthefollowinginNOTTRUEaboutIQaccordingtothepassage?

A、IQispaidmuchlessattentionbypeople.

B、Intellectualintelligenceisproventohavemoretodowithgenes.

C>Intellectualintelligenceisnotsubjecttochangethroughoutlife.

D、IQistheleastimportantfactorinone'ssuccess.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問選項(xiàng)中哪一個(gè)關(guān)于智商的描述不符合原文。根據(jù)原文

第三段“theygetusedtopayingmoreaRentiontointellectualintelligencenot

emotionalintelligence”人們習(xí)慣于更關(guān)注智商而不是情商，選項(xiàng)公意為智商較少得

到人們關(guān)注，與原文意思相反，故選A。選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)第五段第一句；選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)

第五段最后一句；選項(xiàng)D對(duì)應(yīng)第五段第三句。

4、Whytheauthormentioneddepressioninparagraph4?

A^Todemonstratetheimportanceofemotionalintelligence.

B、Tointroduceanewlydevelopeddisease.

C、ItistobeservedasanexampletosupporttheideathatlowEQcanaffectIQ.

D、Itisatransitionalsentence.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問，作者在第四段提到抑郁癥的原因。聯(lián)系上下文，第

四段第一句指明，低情商會(huì)影響智商。緊接著，舉例抑郁癥會(huì)對(duì)記憶力和注意力產(chǎn)

生影響?？芍?，應(yīng)選擇C,抑郁癥被用作一個(gè)例子來支持低情商會(huì)影響智商的觀

點(diǎn)。

5、Howtorankthreefactors(experienceandtraining,IQ,EQ)intheorderofimportance

fromhightolow?

A、IQ,EQ,experienceandtraining.

B、EQ,IQ,experienceandtraining.

C^IQ,experienceandtraining,EQ.

D、EQ,experienceandtraining,IQ.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析；細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問，如何按從高到低的重要性來排列這二個(gè)因素；經(jīng)驗(yàn)

和訓(xùn)練、智商、情商。原文最后一段第三句，uamongwhich10istheleastimportant

factorandEQplaysamajorrole.”意為智商最不重要，情商最重要。所以，正確排

序應(yīng)是選項(xiàng)D。

TheWesternisauniquelygenrewhichhasfoundexpressioninthemediousofliterature,

radio,televisionandthemovies.Westernsderivetheirnamefromthefactthattheyare

setWestoftheMississippibeforetheseareasweredevelopedandsettled.Many

WesternsthustakeplaceinfrontieroutpostsinthelatterhalfoftheNineteenthCentury.

Westerns,whilenotaspopularastheyoncewere,continuetobeproducedbecausetheir

settingremainscompellingandallowsfortheexpressionofsomebasichumanconflicts.

PopulariconsoftheWesternincludethegun,thehorse,thesaloonandtheopenprairie.

TheWesternportrayedaviolentandisolatedsocietywhichplacedapremiumon

freedomandindependence.OftenWesternsshowedconflictbetweenwhitesettlersand

NativeAmericans.Anothercommonconflictwasbetweenthefocusoflawandorder,

oftenrepresentedbythetownsheriff,andcriminalelementssuchascattlerustlers,bank

robbersandgunsforhire.Westernswereparticularlypopularfromtheturnofthe20th

Centuryupuntilthemid1960s.IntheearlypartofthecenturyWesternstoriesusually

appearedininexpensive"pulp"magazines.Inthe1920sradiodramassuchastheLone

Rangercameintovogue.Westernsreachedtheirgreatestaudience,howeverwiththe

largenumberofmoviesmadefromthemid1930stomid1960s.Westernmoviestars

suchasJohnWayne,GaryCooperandmorerecentlyClintEastwoodhaveremained

extremelypopularwiththeAmericanpublic.Withtheadvnnloftelevisioninthe1950s,a

newavenueopenedupfortheWesternandprogramssuchasGunsmokeandBonanza

exposedawholenewgenerationtothemythologyoftheAmericanWest.Westernsare

oftenthoughttobecrudeandunsophisticatedastheypaintaromanticizedandunrealistic

portraitoftheAmericanWestofthetime.WhilethismaybetrueofmanyWesterns,

somecriticshavenotedthatthebestWesternsoftenshowaneverpresenttensionin

Americansociey:betweentheneedforsocietyontheonehandandthedesireof

individualstoexpresstheirpersonalimpulsesontheotherhand.Becausethisis

fundamentaltoUSculture,theWesterngenrewilllikelytobewithusforyearstocome.

6、WhatisthereasonfornamingagenreasTheWestern?

A、Itisaspecificgenreintheformsofthemassmedia.

B、ThebackgroundissetinthewestofMississippi.

C>Amajorityofaudiencesareinterestedinthisname.

D、TherapiddevelopmentofurbanizationinAmerica.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問，西部文藝名字從何而來?定位于第一段“Westerns

derivetheirnamefromthefactthattheyaresetWestoftheMississippibeforetheseareas

weredevelopedandsettled,^derivefrom”來源于"。原句意為“西部文藝這個(gè)名稱來

源于：在這些地方被開發(fā)和定居之前，人們將密西西比河西部作為背景”。即選項(xiàng)

B,置于密西西比河西部的背景。

7、BesidesconflictsbetweenwhitesettlersandnativeAmericans,whatistheother

conflictportrayedinWesterns?

A>Conflictsbetweenlawsandregulation.

B、Strugglebetweenlifeincitiesandtowns.

C^Conflictsbetweennatureandhumanbeings.

D>Strugglebetweenfreedomandlimitation.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問，除了白人定居者和美洲土著人之間的沖突外.在西

部文學(xué)作品中還描繪了葉么樣的沖突?根據(jù)conflict這一關(guān)鍵詞，定位于原文第二段

最后——句，"Anothercommonconflictwasbetweentheforcesoflawandorder.”即止匕

題的答案，法律的強(qiáng)制力與秩序之間的矛盾。"regulation”也是“秩序，規(guī)則”的意

思。

8、Theword"advent"(Line7,Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto.

A^invention

B、suppression

C、appearance

D、evolution

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：語義題。"advent”一詞的原句為“Withtheadventoftelevisioninthe

1950sanewavenueopenedupfortheWestern…”意為，20世紀(jì)50年代，電視的出現(xiàn)

為西部文藝開辟了新道路。選項(xiàng)A“發(fā)明”，選項(xiàng)B?抑制”，選項(xiàng)D“進(jìn)化”，均不符

合。選項(xiàng)C“出現(xiàn)”為近義詞替換。

9、WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?

A^Westernsareconsideredtobefierceandunsophisticated.

B>Westernshavebeenandwillbeproducedcontinuously.

C>DespitedifferentopinionsonWesterns,theyareapartofAmericanculture.

D^WesternsareanunrealisticportraitoftheAmericanWest.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。段落大意題。第四段的大意，選項(xiàng)A、B、D均為本段中的

細(xì)節(jié).以偏概全，不是段落的大意。本段描述了對(duì)西部文藝的兩種態(tài)度，選項(xiàng)C

涵蓋了主旨。

10、Whichoneofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthispassage?

A、CareersoffamousWesternmoviestars

B、HowtheAmericanWestwassettled

C、ComparisonbetweenWesternsandothergenres

D、AhistoricalandculturalexplanationforWestern

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：主旨題。題干問，該篇文章合適的標(biāo)題。此題用排除法。選項(xiàng)A”西

部文藝電影明星的事業(yè)”，很明顯沒有提及電影明星的話題；選項(xiàng)B“美國人如何在

西部定居下來的“，本篇文章每段圍繞西部文藝，美國人定居下來只是一筆帶過；

選項(xiàng)C“西部文藝與其他體裁的對(duì)比”，文章在開頭只是提及西部文藝作為體裁的一

種，之后便再?zèng)]出現(xiàn)。所以，選項(xiàng)D“對(duì)西部文藝的歷史和文化解讀”為正確答案。

Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocioeconomicbackgrounds

tendtodolesswellinoureducationsystem.ThatisobservednotjustinNewZealand,

butalsoinAustralia,BritainandAmerica.Inanattempttoovercomethateducational

underachievement,anationwideprogramcalled"Headstart"waslaunchedintheUnited

Statesin1965.Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopreschool

institutionsattheageofthreeandwassupposedtohelpthechildrenofpoorerfamilies

succeedinschool.Despitesubstantialfunding,resultshavebeendisappointing.Itis

thoughtthattherearctwoexplanationsforthis.First,theprogrambegantoolate.Many

childrenwhoentereditattheageofthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguage

andmeasurableintelligence.Second,theparentswerenotinvolved.Attheendofeach

day,"Headstart"childrenreturnedtothesamedisadvantagedhomeenvironment.Asa

resultofthegrowingresearchevidenceoftheimportanceofthefirstthreeyearsofa

child'slifeandthedisappDintingresultsfrom"Headstart',,apilotprogramwaslaunched

inMissouriintheUSthatfocusedonparentsasthechild'sfirstteachers.The"Missouri"

programwaspredicatedonresearchshowingthatworkingwiththefamily,ratherthan

bypassingtheparents,isthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetofftothebest

possiblestartinlife.Thefouryearspilotstudyincluded380familieswhowereaboutto

havetheirfirstchildandwhorepresentedacrosssectionofsocioeconomicstatus,age

andfamilyconfigurations（結(jié)構(gòu)）.Theyincludedsingleparentandtwoparentfamilies,

familiesinwhichbothparentsworked,andfamilieswitheitherthemotherorfatherat

home.Theprograminvolvedtrainedparenteducatorsvisitingtheparents'homeand

workingwiththeparent,orparents,andthechild.Informationonchilddevelopment,and

guidanceonthingstolookforandexpectasthechildgrowswereprovided,plus

guidanceinfosteringthechild'sintellectual,language,socialandmotorskill

development.Periodiccheckupsofthechild'seducationalandsensory

dcvclopmcnt(hcaringandvision)wcrcmadetodetectpossiblehandicapsthatinterfere

withgrowthanddevelopment.Medicalproblemswererefenedtoprofessionals.Atthe

ageofthree,thechildrenwhohadbeeninvolvedinthe"Missouri"programwere

evaluatedalongsideacrosssectionofchildrenselectedfromthesamerangeof

socioeconomicbackgroundsandfamilysituations,andalsoarandomsampleofchildren

thatage.Theresultswerephenomenal.Bytheageofthree,thechildrenintheprogram

weresignificantlymoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopmentthantheirpeers,hadmade

greaterstridesinproblemsolvingandotherintellectualskills,andwerefurtheralongin

socialdevelopment.Infact,theaveragechildontheprogramwasperformingatthelevel

ofthetop15to20percentoftheirpeersinsuchthingsasauditorycomprehension,verbal

abilityandlanguageability.

11、Whohasmoreopportunitytobeadmittedtoinvolvein"Headstart"programme?

A、Achildattheageofthreefromawealthyfamily.

B、Achildattheageofthreefromapoorerfamily.

C、Anadultfrompoorerfamily.

D、Ateenagerattheageofthirteenfromarichfamily.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問，誰更有機(jī)會(huì)被允許加入“領(lǐng)先起跑”組織?第一-段最

后一句.“Ittookchildrenintopre-schoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeandwas

supposedtohelpthechildrenofpoorerfamiliessucceedinschool.'訶看出有兩個(gè)條

件，第一是三歲的小孩，第二是家境貧困的小孩。所以，正確答案是B。

12、Whatisthemajordiflerencebetween"Headstari"programmeand"Missouri"

programme?

A、Thewaytheyapproachchildren.

B、Thestandardtheyset.

C、Thefundingtheyreceive.

D、Thewaytheyregardtheroleofparents.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D、

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問兩項(xiàng)目的主要不同點(diǎn)。原文第二段倒數(shù)第二句，

<4theparentswerenotinvolved.”和第三段第二句?"TheMissouri

programme...showingthatvvorkingwiththefamily,ratherthanbypassingthe

parents…”對(duì)比可看出，兩者的差異在于家長是否有參加。所以應(yīng)選D。

13、Whichoneofthefollowingisnotincludedineitheroftwoprogrammes?

A、Childrenareadministeredtopoorandwealthyfamilies.

B、Sufficientfundingisprovided.

C、Theassistanceiscontinuedwithfollow-upinelementaryschools.

D、Educatorsmadevisitstoparents'home.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問，兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目都沒有涉及的?此題用排除法。選項(xiàng)A,

對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第三句，“whorepresentedacross-sectionofsocio-economicstatus”；選項(xiàng)

B,對(duì)應(yīng)第一段倒數(shù)第二句，t4Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.選項(xiàng)D,對(duì)應(yīng)

第四段第——句.“Theprogrammeinvolvedtrainedparent-educatorsvisitingthe

parents，home…”。選項(xiàng)C”援助在中學(xué)還將繼續(xù)”，文中并沒有提及。所以，正確選

項(xiàng)是C。

14、Whatisthepurposeoftheestablishmentofthesetwoprogrammes?

A、Itisdesignedtoimprovepre-schoolers'educationaldevelopment.

B、Ilaimstoenhanceearlychildhoodeducationinstitutions.

C^Itsgoalistolayasolidfoundationforadulthood.

D、Ihcpurposeistoexpandchildren'svision.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。題干問，建立兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的。選項(xiàng)B“提高早期兒童發(fā)展

機(jī)構(gòu)水平”.原文受益對(duì)象不是機(jī)構(gòu)。所以錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C“為成人打堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)”，

文中未提及：選項(xiàng)D”為了擴(kuò)大兒童的視野”，文中也沒有提及。選項(xiàng)A“它們是為

了提高學(xué)前兒童的教育”。本文介紹了兩個(gè)幫助三歲前兒童的教育項(xiàng)目來提高學(xué)前

教育水平，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

15、Theword"phenomenal"(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto.

A、disappointing

B、unsettled

C、remarkable

D、doubtful

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：語義題。此題需要聯(lián)系上下文。此句后例子包括，“significantly

moreadvancedinlanguagedevelopment”(兒童在語言發(fā)展方面有明顯進(jìn)步)；

44madcgrcatcrstridesinproblemsolving”(兒童在解決問題方面跨出一大步)。由此例

子可知.結(jié)果肯定是好的，應(yīng)選褒義詞，選項(xiàng)C“顯著的”，符合題意。

Asenseofselfdevelopsinyoungchildrenbydegrees.Theprocesscanusefullybe

thoughtofintermsofthegradualemergenceoftwosomewhatseparatefeatures:theself

asasubject,andtheselfasanobject.WilliamJamesintroducedthedistinctionin1892,

andcontemporariesofhis,suchasCharlesCooley,addedtothedevelopingdebate.Ever

sincethenpsychologistshavecontinuedbuildingonthetheory.AccordingtoJames,a

child'sfirststepontheroadtoself-understandingcanbeseenastherecognitionthathe

orsheexists.Thisisanaspectoftheseifthathelabelled"self-as-subject",andhegaveit

variouselements.Theseincludedanawarenessofone'sownagency(i.e.one'spowerto

act),andanawarenessofone*sdistinctivenessfromotherpeople.Thesefeatures

graduallyemergeasinfantsexploretheirworldandinteractwithcaregivers.

Cooley(1902)suggestedthatasenseoftheself-as-subjectwasprimarilyconcernedwith

beingabletoexercisepower.Heproposedthattheearliestexamplesofthisarean

infant'sattemptstocontrolphysicalobjects,suchastoysorhisownlimbs.Thisis

followedbyattemptstoaffectthebehaviourofotherpeople.Forexample,infantslearn

thatwhentheycryorsmile,someonerespondstothem.Oncechildrenhaveacquireda

certainlevelofself-awareness,theybegintoplacethemselvesinwholeseriesof

categories,whichtogetherplaysuchanimportantpartindefiningthemuniquelyas

"themselves1'.ThissecondstepinthedevelopmentofafullsenseofselfiswhatJames

calledthe"Self-as-object".Thishasbeenseenbymanytobetheaspectoftheselfwhich

ismostinfluencedbysocialelements,sinceitismadeupofsocialroles(suchasstudent,

brother,colleague)andcharacteristicswhichderivetheirmeaningfromcomparisonor

interactionwithotherpeople(suchastrustworthiness,shyness,sportingability).Cooley

andotherresearcherssuggestedacloseconnectionbetweenaperson'sownunderstanding

oftheiridentityandotherpeople'sunderstandingofit.Cooleybelievedthatpeoplebuild

uptheirsenseofidentityfromthereactionsofotherstothem,andfromtheviewthey

believeothershaveofthem.Hecalledthesclf-as-objectthe"looking-glassself,since

peoplecometoseethemselvesastheyarereflectedinothers.Mead(1934)vventeven

further,andsawtheselfandthesocialworldasinextricablyboundtogether:"Theselfis

essentiallyasocialstructure,anditarisesinsocialexperience...ilisimpossibleto

conceiveofaselfarisingoutsideofsocialexperience.1'Finally,perhapsthemostgraphic

expressionsofself-awarenessingeneralcanbeseeninthedisplaysofraqewhichare

mostcommonfrom18monthsto3yearsofage.Inalongitudinalstudyofgroupsof

threeorfourchildren,Bronson(1975)fbundthattheintensityofthefrustrationandanger

intheirdisagreementsincreasedsharplybetweentheagesof1and2years.Often,the

children'sdisagreementsinvolvedastruggleoveratoythatnoneofthemhadplayed

withbeforeorafterthetug-of-war:thechildrenseemedtobedisputingownershiprather

thanwantingtoplaywithit.Althoughitmaybelessmarkedinothersocieties,thelink

betweenthesenseof''selfandof"ownership"isanotablefeatureofchildhoodin

Westernsocieties.

16、WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutthedevelopmentofchildren's

senseofidentity?

A、Thetwoprocesses—Msclfasasubject"and"selfasanobject"developatthesame

time.

B、Theprocessofchildren'ssenseofidentitydevelopsgradually.

C^Thetheoryofasenseofselfdevelopmentisstillunderdebate.

D^WilliamJamesdistinguished"selfasasubject"from"selfasanobject"in1892.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。此題應(yīng)用排除法。選項(xiàng)B,對(duì)應(yīng)第一段“Asenseofself

developsinyoungchildrenbydegrees.”孩子的自我認(rèn)知是逐漸形成的:選項(xiàng)C,對(duì)

應(yīng)第一?4tthedevelopingdebate^,逐漸擴(kuò)大的辯論；選項(xiàng)D,對(duì)應(yīng)第一段“William

Jamesintroducedthedistinctionin1892“。選項(xiàng)A”主體自我和客體自我同時(shí)發(fā)展”，

不正確。由第三段第一句，“Oncechildrenhaveacquiredacertainlevelofself-

awareness...calledtheself-as-objeci.“意思是一旦孩子獲得一定程度的自我認(rèn)知，他

們才開始客體自我的認(rèn)知。所以，正確選項(xiàng)是A。

17^Whydoinfantstrytogainthepossessionofphysicalobjects?

A、Physicalobjects,suchastoysareattractivetoinfants.

B、Thecontrolofphysicalobjectsisasignalforthepowerfulmanipulation,reflecting

infants'senseofselfasasubject.

C、Infantshavenoawarenessofanyphysicalobjects.

D、Itisasignalthatinfantsareawareofthesenseofselfasanobject.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。艱據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“physicalobjects”定位于第二段，“Cooley

suggestedthatasenseoftheself-as—subjectwasprimarilyconcernedwithbeingableto

exercisepower.Heproposedthatearliestexamplesofthisareaninfant,sattemptsto

controlphysicalobjects.”意思是，Cooley認(rèn)為主體H我的意識(shí)主要與行使權(quán)力有

關(guān)。他提出，最早的例子是嬰兒試圖控制實(shí)物。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B“控制實(shí)物是權(quán)

力控制的表現(xiàn)”，反應(yīng)了嬰兒的自我主體意識(shí)，是正確答案。

18、Whatelementsareincludedinselfasanobject?

A、Environmentandparents'education.

B、Schooleducation.

C^Socialrolesandcharactersinfluencedbyenvironment.

D、Othersjudgmentandstatus.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。原文第三段最后一句，"Thishasbeenseenbymanytobethe

aspectoftheselfwhichismostinfluencedbysocialelements,sinceitismadeupof

socialrolcsandcharacteristicswhichderivetheirmeaningfromcomparisonorinteraction

withotherpeople.Fhis指代客觀自我認(rèn)識(shí).很多人認(rèn)為它受社會(huì)因素影響大，因

為客體自我有社會(huì)角色和來自與其他人比較或互動(dòng)而產(chǎn)生的特征構(gòu)成。所以，選項(xiàng)

C“社會(huì)角色和受環(huán)境的性格”符合原文大意。故選Co

19、Whichoneofthefollowingrhetoricsisappliedinparagraph4?

A、Metaphor.

Personification.

C^Contrast.

D^Exaggeration.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。第四段中作者運(yùn)用了什么修辭手法?第四段第三句，“He

calledtheself-as—objectthe4looking—glassself”他將客體自我稱為鏡中自我。口1知

作者將客體比作一面鏡子。所以，選項(xiàng)A,比喻，為正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)B,擬人；選

項(xiàng)C,對(duì)比：選項(xiàng)D,夸張，均不符合原文修辭用法。故選A。

20、Theword"rage'XLine2,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto.

A、disappointment

wrath

C>dismay

D、silence

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：語義題。第五段第一句，“finally,perhapsthemostgraphicexpressions

ofself-awarenessingeneralcanbeseeninthedisplaysofrage…''最終，——半自我認(rèn)知

最形象的表達(dá)方式是憤怒。聯(lián)系下文，也可推斷出。第二句"theintensityof

thefrustrationandangerintheirdisagreementsincreasedsharply”爭(zhēng)論中產(chǎn)生的挫敗感

和憤怒增加。選項(xiàng)A,失望；選項(xiàng)C,沮喪；選項(xiàng)D,沉默，均不符合原文大意。

正確答案是B。憤怒。

大學(xué)英語六級(jí)改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第2套

一、仔細(xì)閱讀（本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。）

Itmayseemridiculous,butinthehuntforsourcesofalternativeenergyresearchershave

comeupwithfuelcellswhicharepoweredbycheese-oratleastwhey,aby-productin

cheesemaking.Wheyisrichinlactose,asugarwhichGeorgiaAntonopoulou,a

biochemicalengineerattheUniversityofPatras,Greece,sayscanbeconsumedby

culturesofbacteriacontainedwithinafuelcelltogenerateanelectriccurrent.Microbial

fuelcells,assuchdevicesareknown,arenotanewideabuttheyareattractingmore

auemion.Theorganicconienisofwheyposeanenvironmentalhazardandmany

governmentsnowimposestrictregulationsrequiringfactoriestopayforitstreatment

beforedisposal.Wheyconstitutesabout70%ofthevolumeofthemilkwereusedto

makecheese.So,justonesmallfetafacilitywillneedtodisposeofassuchas4,000

tonnesofwheyinasingleyear,saysDrAntonopoulou.Microbialfuelcellscouldhelp,

andnotjustinthecheese-makingindustry.Breweries,pigfarms,food-processingplants

andevensewageworkscouldgainfromthetechnology.Traditionalfuelcellsworkby

usingacatalyticmaterialtooxidizeafuel,suchashydrogen,andmakeanelectric

currentflowbetweentwoelectrodes.Microbialfuelcellsfunctioninmuchthesameway

exceptthatthecatalyticreactionsarecarriedoutbybacteriacontainedwithinthefuel-

cellchamber.Underanaerobicconditions（whereoxygenisabsent）,metabolisingthefuel

byfeedingoffitandindoingsoproducenaturalchemicalreactionsthatproducea

current.Inthcorjzmicrobialfuelcellscanrunonalmostanykindoforganicmatters,says

ChrisMelhuish,headoftheBristolRoboticsLaboratory,England."Allyouhavetodois

matchthemicrobialculturewiththetypeofstuffyouwanttouseasfuel,"hesays.Dr

Melhuishhasbeentryingtopowerrobotsondomesticwaste-water,butitistricky.

Ideallyyouwouldwanttousecheapraw-wasteproducts,hesays.Buttraditionallythe

fuelcellsworkbestwitharefinedfuelintheformofsolutionscontainingsynthetic

sugars,suchasglucose.However,DrAntonopoulouhasnowshownthat,usingaculture

ofbacteriaobtainedfromherlocalwaste-waterplant,itispossibletogetalmostasmuch

powerfromrawwheyasfromrefinedfuel,providedthewheyisdiluted.Thetroubleis

thepoweroutputstillonlyamountstomilliwatts,barelyenoughtotrickle-chargea

cellphone.Andworkingwithrawwastewateralsopresentschallenges.InitiallyDr

Antonopoulouandhercolleaguesfoundthatthecoulombicefficiencyoftheircells-a

measureofhowmanyelectronsproducedactuallyflowintoacircuit-wasparticularly

low,ataroundjust2%.Thisturnedouttobebecauseasecondsetofmicrobes,withinthe

wheyitself,wasabsorbingthem.So,bysterilizingthewheyfirsttokilltheseotherbugs

theyhavenowboostedthecoulombicefficiencytoaround25%.

1、Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

A、Fuelcellscanbepoweredbycheese.

B、Lactoserichinwheycangenerateanelectriccurrent

C、Fuelcellscanbepoweredbycheeseforwheyinit.

D、Theideathatfuelcellscanbepoweredbycheesemayseemridiculous.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)。析：主旨題。文章開頭提到依靠奶酪驅(qū)動(dòng)燃料電池，接著講到其原理是奶

酪生產(chǎn)中的副產(chǎn)品乳消中的乳糖可以變身電流，因而，第，一段的主要觀點(diǎn)是：奶

酪中的乳清可以為燃料電池提供驅(qū)動(dòng)。C項(xiàng)正確。

2、Whichofthefollowingmaynotbenefitfrommicrobialfuelcells?

A^Fetafacilities.

B、Toyfactories.

C^Sewageplants.

D^Breweries.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題v根據(jù)題目中benefitfrommicrobialfuelcells可定位至文章第

二段Microbialfuelcellscouldhelp?andnotjustinthecheese-making

industry.Breweries,pigfarms,food-processingplantsandevensewageworkscould

gainfromthetechnology.（微生物燃料電池的研發(fā)不僅可以幫助奶酪制造業(yè)解決此

難題，釀酒廠、養(yǎng)豬場(chǎng)、食品加工廠甚至污水處理廠均可從中獲益。）,A項(xiàng)佗ta

facililies指“羊奶酪生產(chǎn)基地”，屬于奶酪制造業(yè)，C、D項(xiàng)也屬于收益范疇。而B

項(xiàng)“玩具廠”文中并未提到.故選擇B。

3、Whatisthefunctionprincipleofmicrobialfuelcells?

A、Thecatalyticreactionsarecarriedoutbybacteriacontainedwithinthefuel-cell

chamber.

B、Thecatalyticreactionsarecarriedoutbybacteriacutsidethefuel-cellchamber.

C、Thecatalyticreactionsarecairiedoutbybacteriaintheaerobicconditions.

D、Thecatalyticreactionsarecarriedoutbybacteriaviaunnaturalchemicalreactions.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題目中thefunctionprincipleofmicrobialfuelcells可定

位至文章第三段，根據(jù)第三段Microbialfuelcellsfunctioninmuchthesameway

exceptthatthecatalyticreactionsarecarriedoutbybacteriacontainedwithinthefuel一

cellchamber.（微生物電池的工作原理也是如此，只是其中的催化反應(yīng)是通過儲(chǔ)存

于電池內(nèi)部的細(xì)菌來實(shí)現(xiàn)的）可知A項(xiàng)符合文意，故選擇Ao

4、Whyisthecoulombicefficiencyofmicrobialfuelcellsparticularlylow?

A、Becauseitisdifficulttow