【英語】湖南省長沙市周南教育集團(tuán)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期入學(xué)考試試題（解析版）

湖南省長沙市周南教育集團(tuán)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期入學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThanksForGiving4MilerThurs.November23,2023TheEventSignuptodayforthe2023ThanksForGiving4MilerandKidsDashthatwilltakeplacethisThanksgivinginNewAlbany!ComeoutandjoinusforafunkickofftoThanksgivingDayfestivities!Asalways,100%ofournetproceedsgotohelpthoseinneed.Allarewelcome,includingcompetitiverunners,joggers,andwalkerswantingtoenjoytimewithfriendsandlovedones.RegistrationendsonNovember22,2023.TheFeeThereisnoofficialracefee.Youcangiveasmuchoraslittleasyouwant.However-a$40minimumdonationisrequiredtogetoursoftT-shirt.OurgoalistofeedasmanyfamiliesinCentralOhioaswecan.Youcanhelpbyrunningourrace,spreadingtheword,ormakingadonation.Youmaybringanydonationyouwant,fromacanofsouptocash.Let’smakeadifference.EventDayTimeline6:30am:Racedaycheck-inbegins.8:00am:Openingceremony(儀式)begins!8:15am:KidsDashbegins!8:30am:TheThanksForGiving4Milerkicksoff!AwardsThetopthreeoverallmaleandfemalefinisherswillreceiveagiftcertificate.Thetopthreemaleandfemalefinishersineachofthefollowingagegroupswillreceiveapumpkin(南瓜)pie:14andunder,15-19,20-24,25-29,30-34,35-39,40-44,45-49,50-54,55-59,60-64,65-69,70andabove.Everyparticipantofthekidsracereceivesafinisher’smedal!SafetyForsafety,pleasenobicycles,skateboards,inlineskates,orparticipationwithpets.21.WhatisThanksForGiving4MilerandKidsRun?A.Amarathonrace. B.Acharityevent.C.Akid-targetedactivity. D.Aholidayget-together.22.Whatwillamanrankingsecondinhisagegroupbesuretowin?A.AsoftT-shirt. B.Apumpkinpie.C.Agiftcertificate. D.Afinisher’smedal.23.Whatisrequiredforparticipation?A.Bringingadonation.B.Reachingacertainage.C.Registeringinadvance.D.Wearingsafetyequipment.【答案】21.B22.B23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了今年感恩節(jié)在新奧爾巴尼舉行的2023年“感謝給予4英里和兒童短跑”活動的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Asalways,100%ofournetproceedsgotohelpthoseinneed.(一如既往，我們100%的凈收益將用于幫助那些需要幫助的人)”可知，感謝給予4英里和兒童短跑是一個慈善活動。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thetopthreemaleandfemalefinishersineachofthefollowingagegroupswillreceiveapumpkin(南瓜)pie(以下年齡組的前三名男女選手將獲得一個南瓜派)”可知，在他的年齡組中排名第二的人一定會贏得一個南瓜派。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“RegistrationendsonNovember22,2023.(登記截止日期為2023年11月22日)”可推知，參加活動需要提前登記。故選C。BRecently,asIwatchedmysonNathanplaybasketballforhishighschoolteam,Iwasstartingtofeelsorryformyselfandforhim.Histeamwasfacingadversity(逆境)onthecourtandhewasplayinginahostileenvironment—itwastheopponent’shomegymfilledwiththeirsupporters,andNathan’steamwastrailing(落后)forthreequartersofthegame.Asforme,Ihadbeenfiredfrommyjobearlierintheday.Duringmydrivetowherethegamewasheld,Ikepttellingmyself“Iwillfindworkagaininashorttime”—Iamconfidentinmyexperienceandabilities.ThiswasthesamebeliefthatItriedtoinstillinmyson.ThebasketballgameenteredthefourthquarterwithNathan’steamstilltrailing.Isawthedeterminationonhis,aswellashisteammates’facesastheyfoughtbacktonotonlytiethegame,butthengoaheadbythreepoints.Then,aplayerfromtheotherteammadeanunbelievableshottotiethegameupagain.Withatiegame(平局)andsecondsontheclock,Nathanfoundhimselfwiththeballandwithskillandconfidence,heproceededtomakethebasketwithadefenderhangingalloverhim.Theotherplayerwascalledforafoul(犯規(guī)).AsNathanstoodatthefoullinepreparingforashotthatwouldputhisteamupbythreepoints,Isawthefocusanddeterminationonhisface,therewasnoroomforself-doubt.Nathanwasabletotuneoutallthedistractionsandnailthefreethrowwithsuchskill,itwasasifhehaddoneitathousandtimes.AsIsatthere,myheartburstingwithpride,itdawnedonmethatIhadtaughthimperseveranceinthefaceofadversity,andhehadjusttaughtmethesamelesson.Thatbriefmomentofself-doubtandfeelingsorryformyselfwasblownawaybytheactionsofmysononthebasketballcourt.Hewillplayinthefinals,butitdoesn’tmatterifhewinsorloses,atthismoment,webothwon.24.WhydidIfeelsorrywhenwatchingmyson’sbasketballgame?A.Iquitmyjobearlierintheday.B.Therewerenosupportersformyson’steam.C.Myson’steamwasfacingadversityathomecourt.D.Myson’steamwastrailingforthreequartersofthegame.25.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Self-doubtingandpessimistic. B.Self-confidentandoptimistic.C.Hardworkingandintelligent. D.Easy-goingandwarmhearted.26.Whathappenedinthefourthquarterofthebasketballgame?A.Myson’steamsparednoefforttofightbackandfinallytiedthegame.B.Aplayerfrommyson’steamfouledduringthedefendingprocess.C.Mysonsuccessfullyscoredthefreethrowandputhisteamupbythreepointsintheend.D.Theopponentteammadeanunbelievablewinningshotinthelastsecondsofthegame.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WinningMattersattheMoment.B.LifeGoesJustLikePlayingBasketball.C.FromAdversitytoVictory:ALessonLearnedontheBasketballCourt.D.FromSelf-doubttoConfidence:UnforgettableBasketballMoments.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者失業(yè)了，在作者懷疑自我和自怨自艾時，看到了兒子在球場上的頑強(qiáng)表現(xiàn)，這激勵了作者，讓他恢復(fù)了自信?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Histeamwasfacingadversity(逆境)onthecourtandhewasplayinginahostileenvironment—itwastheopponent’shomegymfilledwiththeirsupporters,andNathan’steamwastrailing(落后)forthreequartersofthegame.(他的球隊在球場上面臨逆境，而他在一個充滿敵意的環(huán)境中打球——對手的主場體育館里擠滿了他們的支持者，內(nèi)森的球隊在比賽中落后了四分之三)”可知，作者的兒子的球隊在比賽中落后了四分之三。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Duringmydrivetowherethegamewasheld,Ikepttellingmyself“Iwillfindworkagaininashorttime”—Iamconfidentinmyexperienceandabilities.ThiswasthesamebeliefthatItriedtoinstillinmyson.(在驅(qū)車前往比賽舉辦地的路上，我一直對自己說：“我會在短時間內(nèi)重新找到工作的”——我對自己的經(jīng)驗和能力很有信心。這也是我試圖灌輸給兒子的信念)”可推知，作者對自己充滿信心，同時對生活也是積極樂觀的態(tài)度。故選B?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AsNathanstoodatthefoullinepreparingforashotthatwouldputhisteamupbythreepoints,Isawthefocusanddeterminationonhisface,therewasnoroomforself-doubt.Nathanwasabletotuneoutallthedistractionsandnailthefreethrowwithsuchskill,itwasasifhehaddoneitathousandtimes.(當(dāng)內(nèi)森站在罰球線前，準(zhǔn)備投進(jìn)一個能讓球隊領(lǐng)先三分的球時，我看到了他臉上的專注和決心，沒有任何自我懷疑的余地。內(nèi)森能夠排除一切干擾，以如此嫻熟的技巧完成罰球，就好像他已經(jīng)完成了一千次一樣)”可知，籃球賽第四場比賽中兒子罰球很成功，最終使他的隊領(lǐng)先三分。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“AsIsatthere,myheartburstingwithpride,itdawnedonmethatIhadtaughthimperseveranceinthefaceofadversity,andhehadjusttaughtmethesamelesson.(我坐在那里，心中充滿了自豪，我突然意識到，我教會了他在逆境中堅持不懈，而他也剛剛教會了我同樣的一課)”結(jié)合本文講述了作者在觀看兒子籃球比賽過程中，看到兒子球隊在比賽臨近尾聲并處于劣勢的情況下，依然滿懷信心、堅持不懈，最后獲得了勝利，這番情景讓剛剛失業(yè)正處于沮喪不自信中的作者消除了自我懷疑，重新燃起了生活的斗志。故C選項“從逆境到勝利：在籃球場上學(xué)到的一課”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。CT.O.FullerStateParkinMemphis,Tennessee,hasbeenlovedforgenerationsandhasalwaysbeenagroundwherecommunityhascomefirst.Backin1938,itwasthefirstparkeastoftheMississippirivertoopenforAfricanAmericanvisitors.Over80yearslater,theparkiscontinuingitsforward-thinkingtradition,thistime,throughapioneeringsustainabilityproject.Anewwalkingandbikingtrailhasbeenbuiltthroughthishistoricpark.Illegallydumped(被丟棄的)tiresarenotonlyunpleasanttosee,butthey’readangerousadditiontotheenvironment.Rubber,likeplastic,isamaterialthatwon’tnaturallybreakdown.InaplaceashotasTennessee,thesedumpedtiresoftenbegintomeltandreleasetheseharmfulgassesintotheair.Fortunately,theoldtiresweresenttoPatriotTireRecyclinginBristol,TN,theonlyfacilityintheareathatcanbreakdowntiresinanenvironmentallysoundway.There,thecollectedtiresweresafelybrokendownintothecrumble(碎屑)rubberthatwaseventuallyusedtopavethenewtrail.TNStateParksexplainedhowthetrail’sconstruction,whichhasbeenindevelopmentsince2019,wasajointeffort.OfficialsfromtheTennesseeDepartmentofEnvironmentandConservation,theTennesseeDepartmentofTransportation,theCityofMemphis,ShelbyCounty,andMemphisCityBeautifulwereallinvolvedinfundingthisrecyclingproject.Theseofficialsnamedtheirinitiativethe“TirestoTrails”project.Workersfromthesedepartments,alongsidesome450volunteers,cametogethertocollectover24,000tiresthathadbeenillegallydumpedintheareaaroundtheparktoberecycled.“Thisisaperfectexampleofrecyclinginfullcircle,collectingdumpedmaterial,thenconvertingitintopositiveuse,”David,aleaderoftheproject,saidinastatement.28.WhatkindofparkisT.O.FullerStatePark?A.Itisapopularparkwithagoodtradition. B.Itisthefirstparkwelcomingallvisitors.C.ItisaparkwestoftheMississippiriver. D.Itisamodernparkwithoutbikingtrails.29.Whyaredumpedtiresadangerousadditiontotheenvironment?A.Theyareuglytosee. B.Theyreleaseharmfulgasses.C.Theyaremadeupofplastic. D.Theycouldonlybeusedtopavethenewtrail.30.WhatdoesDavidmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Itisthepark’sresponsibilitytorecycle.B.Theparkisbuiltondumpedmaterials.C.Theparksuccessfullyrecycleddumpedtires.D.Itispossibletoturneverythingintousefulthings.31.Whichofthefollowingbestpresentsthemainideaofthepassage?A.Astateparkismakingpioneeringeffortstoachievesustainability.B.Astateparkistorebuildatrailinaninnovativeway.C.Tireshavebeentransformedintoanewtrailinastatepark.D.Officialsandpeopleworkedtogethertorecycletiresinastatepark.【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講的是田納西州的T.O.FullerStatePark在眾人合作的基礎(chǔ)上對被丟棄的輪胎進(jìn)行廢物利用，公園里的一條路就是用廢棄輪胎建成的?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“T.O.FullerStateParkinMemphis,Tennessee,hasbeenlovedforgenerationsandhasalwaysbeenagroundwherecommunityhascomefirst.”（田納西州孟菲斯市的T.O.Fuller州立公園世世代代受到人們的喜愛，一直是受歡迎的地方。）可知，它是一個受歡迎的公園。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“Over80yearslater,theparkiscontinuingitsforward-thinkingtradition,thistime,throughapioneeringsustainabilityproject”（80多年后，該公園繼續(xù)其前瞻性的傳統(tǒng)，這一次，通過一個開創(chuàng)性的可持續(xù)發(fā)展項目）可知，它是一個有著良好傳統(tǒng)的公園，因此T.O.FullerStatePark是一個很受歡迎的公園，有著很好的傳統(tǒng)。故選A項?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Rubber,likeplastic,isamaterialthatwon’tnaturallydecompose.InaplaceashotasTennessee,thesedumpedtiresoftenbegintomeltandreleasetheseharmfulgassesintotheair.”（橡膠和塑料一樣，是一種不會自然分解的材料。在像田納西州這樣炎熱的地方，這些被丟棄的輪胎經(jīng)常開始融化，并將這些有害氣體釋放到空氣中。）可知廢棄輪胎會對環(huán)境造成危害是因為它們釋放有害氣體。故選B項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thisisaperfectexampleofrecyclinginfullcircle,collectingdumpedmaterial,thenconvertingitintopositiveuse”（這是一個循環(huán)再利用的完美例子，收集廢棄材料，然后將其轉(zhuǎn)化為積極的用途）可知David在最后一段的意思是T.O.FullerStatePark在回收廢棄輪胎方面做得很成功。故選C項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“Fortunately,theoldtiresweresenttoPatriotTireRecyclinginBristol,TN,theonlyfacilityintheareathatcanbreakdowntiresinanenvironmentallysoundway.There,thecollectedtiresweresafelybrokendownintothecrumble(碎屑)rubberthatwaseventuallyusedtopavethenewtrail”（幸運的是，舊輪胎被送到了田納西州布里斯托爾的愛國者輪胎回收廠，這是該地區(qū)唯一一家可以以環(huán)保方式分解輪胎的工廠。在那里，收集到的輪胎被安全地分解成碎橡膠碎屑，最終用于鋪設(shè)新的道路）可知，本篇文章主要講述了田納西州的T.O.FullerStatePark在眾人合作的基礎(chǔ)上對被丟棄的輪胎進(jìn)行廢物利用并用其鋪成了一條路的故事，故選C項。D“Please,noflashphotography.”Politerequestslikethiscanbefoundinmuseumsallovertheworld,buttheygenerallyfailtopersuadepeopleoutoftakingphotosofwhatevertheyfeellike.Thesamegoesforconcerts,movietheatersandotherplaceswherepeopleroutinelyignorefilmingrestrictions.AnewpatentfromApplemayhelpdiscouragethatrebelliousbehavior-onphonesatleast.Thepatent,awardedtoAppletoday,outlinesasystemwhichwouldallowvenuestouseaninfraredemitter(紅外線發(fā)射器)toremotelydisablethecamerafunctiononsmartphones.Accordingtothepatent,infraredrayscouldbepickedupbythecamera,andinterpretedbythesmartphoneasacommandtoblocktheuserfromtakinganyphotosorvideosofwhateverthey’reseeing.Manymusiciansandperformershavebannedcellphonesfromtheirshows,eitherbecausetheywanttheiraudiencestoactuallypayattentiontothem,orbecausetheydon’twantthefreefootage(片段鏡頭)goingviralaroundtheweb.Despitethis,unauthorized(未授權(quán)的)imagesstillmanagetomaketheirwayintothepubliceye.ThelastconcertofAmericansingerPrincebeforehepassedawaywassupposedtobecellphone-free—itapparentlywasn’t.IfApple’spatentisintroducedintoiPhonesoftware,andvenuesputinfraredemittersaroundtheirstage,leakslikethiscouldpotentiallystophappening.Butthepatentalsoraisesquestionsaboutthesortofpowerthatthistechnologywouldbehandingovertopeoplewithmoreimmoralintentions.Rightnow,there’snoguaranteethatAppleintendstoputthistechnologyintoanyofitssoftware—Appledoesn’tactonmanyofthethousandsofpatentsitfileseachyear—andthecompanywasn’timmediatelyavailabletocommentonitsplansforthepatent.Giventhecompany’srigidsupportofpersonalprivacywhenitcomestopolicerequeststobreakintousers’devices,it’spossiblethatApplejustpatentedthetechnologysothatnooneelsewilluseit.Butwhoknows,ifitdoesintendtointroducethisfeaturetofutureoperatingsystems,salesofalternativeshootingdeviceslikecamcorders,orevenGoPros,couldgetamuch-neededboost,aspeopletrytoavoidhavingtousetheprohibitivesoftware.32.HowcanApple’spatentedsystempreventsmartphoneusersfromtakingphotosorvideosatspecificvenues?A.Bygivingoutasoundwavethatdisablessmartphonecameras.B.Bypickingupinfraredraysemittedbythecameraswhentheyarefilming.C.Byusinginfraredraysthatcanremotelyblockcamerausageonsmartphones.D.Byautomaticallydeletingphotosorvideosiftheyaretakenwithoutpermission.33.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthereasonswhycellphonesarebannedfrommanyshows?A.Tomaketheperformersmorefocusedontheshow.B.Toavoidtheunauthorizedfootagebeingfreelysharedandspreadonline.C.Topreventtheperformers’imagesfromcomingtowidespreadpublicattention.D.Toprotecttheaudiencefrompeoplewithimmoralintentions.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthefourthparagraphmean?A.Unintendeddamage. B.Unauthorizedrelease.C.Unexpecteddeath. D.Undesiredfreedom.35.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Applehasplannedtoapplythispatenttofutureoperatingsystems.B.AllthepatentsApplefileseachyeararemeanttobeputintoitssoftware.C.Applemayagreetoputthistechnologyintoitssoftwareduetopolicerequests.D.PeoplemayturntoothershootingdevicesifAppleintroducestheprohibitivesoftware.【答案】32.C33.B34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。講述了蘋果公司的一項新專利或許能在手機(jī)上限制違規(guī)攝屏行為。【32題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Accordingtothepatent,infraredrayscouldbepickedupbythecamera,andinterpretedbythesmartphoneasacommandtoblocktheuserfromtakinganyphotosorvideosofwhateverthey’reseeing.(根據(jù)這項專利，紅外線可以被攝像頭捕捉到，并被智能手機(jī)解讀為阻止用戶拍攝他們所看到的任何照片或視頻的命令)”可知，蘋果的專利系統(tǒng)通過使用紅外線，可以遠(yuǎn)程阻止智能手機(jī)上的攝像頭使用來阻止智能手機(jī)用戶在特定場所拍照或視頻。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Manymusiciansandperformershavebannedcellphonesfromtheirshows,eitherbecausetheywanttheiraudiencestoactuallypayattentiontothem,orbecausetheydon’twantthefreefootage(片段鏡頭)goingviralaroundtheweb.(許多音樂家和表演者都禁止在他們的演出中使用手機(jī)，要么是因為他們想讓觀眾真正關(guān)注他們，要么是因為他們不想讓免費的視頻在網(wǎng)上瘋傳)”可知，為了避免未經(jīng)授權(quán)的視頻在網(wǎng)上自由分享和傳播是許多節(jié)目禁止使用手機(jī)的原因之一。故選B項。【34題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)根據(jù)前文“Despitethis,unauthorized(未授權(quán)的)imagesstillmanagetomaketheirwayintothepubliceye.ThelastconcertofAmericansingerPrincebeforehepassedawaywassupposedtobecellphone-free—itapparentlywasn’t.(盡管如此，未經(jīng)授權(quán)的圖像仍然設(shè)法進(jìn)入公眾的視線。美國歌手普林斯(Prince)去世前的最后一場演唱會本該是不帶手機(jī)的——但顯然不是)”可知，句中“l(fā)eakslikethis”是指上文中的演唱會現(xiàn)場鏡頭泄露事件，推知leaks是“未經(jīng)授權(quán)發(fā)布”之意，和B項意思相近。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Giventhecompany’srigidsupportofpersonalprivacywhenitcomestopolicerequeststobreakintousers’devices,it’spossiblethatApplejustpatentedthetechnologysothatnooneelsewilluseit.Butwhoknows,ifitdoesintendtointroducethisfeaturetofutureoperatingsystems,salesofalternativeshootingdeviceslikecamcorders,orevenGoPros,couldgetamuch-neededboost,aspeopletrytoavoidhavingtousetheprohibitivesoftware.(考慮到蘋果公司在警方要求闖入用戶設(shè)備時對個人隱私的嚴(yán)格支持，蘋果公司可能只是申請了這項技術(shù)的專利，這樣就沒有其他人會使用它。但誰知道呢，如果它真的打算在未來的操作系統(tǒng)中引入這一功能，那么像攝像機(jī)甚至gopro這樣的替代拍攝設(shè)備的銷售可能會得到急需的提振，因為人們會試圖避免使用這一令人望而卻步的軟件)”可推知，如果蘋果推出這款令人望而卻步的軟件，人們可能會轉(zhuǎn)向其他拍攝設(shè)備。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，有兩項為多余選項。Astimegoeson,neuroscientistslearnmoreaboutthewondersofhumanbrains.Thedeeperunderstandingofferswaystoenhanceyourbraintoworkinyourfavor.Youdon’thavetobeabrainscientisttodoit!__________36__________Whenyouhearthewordhack,youmightberemindedofthesnakycomputerscienceterm.Computerhackersneedtounderstandtheinnerworkingsofacomputertobreakintoitssystem.__________37__________Theyneedtoknowhowthebrainworkstochangeitsneuralnetwork.Withthisknowledge,peoplehavecomeupwithwaystooptimizebrainperformanceandsticktohealthierhabits.Neurohackersusetheirknowledgeofhowthebrainworkstochangethoughpatterns,likedailyhabits.Doingthisrequiresunderstandingthewayhabitsforminthebrain.Wheneveryourepeatatask,thebrainconnectsitswirestogetherbetweenbraincells.Overtime,thesehabitsbecomehardwiredintothebrains.__________38__________Theyhelpcarryoutsimpleeverydaytaskswithoutmuchthoughtorattention.Thetroublecomesupwhenyourbrainwiresunhealthyhabits,suchasnegativeself-talk.__________39__________Youneedtorewire!Andthatrequiresmindfulness—aconsciousawarenessofyourbrain’sbehaviorsandpatternsattheverymomentwhentheyoccur.Inthisway,youcanchangethosehabitsinthedirectionthatyouwant.Belowtheconsciousmindlivesthesubconscious,adeepermentalspacethathostswhatyouhavepreviouslyengravedintoyourmind.__________40__________Then,youcan“hack”brainpatterns,trainthoughtstowardpositivecircuits,andslowlydevelophealthierhabitsovertime.A.Findoutwhatneurohackingis.B.Thesamegoesforneurohackers.C.Justlearnhowtohackyourbrain.D.Howcanyouimproveyourmindfulness?E.Howdoyouchangethoseundesirablehabits?F.Habitsfreeupourbrainssothatwecanlearnnewthings.G.Withproperpractices,you’llbuildadeeperawarenessofyourownbrain.【答案】36.G37.B38.F39.E40.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了人們可以通過訓(xùn)練來增強(qiáng)大腦，猶如電腦工作原理那樣，以及如何改變我們?nèi)粘Ｐ纬傻膲牧?xí)慣?！?6題詳解】上文“Astimegoeson,neuroscientistslearnmoreaboutthewondersofhumanbrains.Thedeeperunderstandingofferswaystoenhanceyourbraintoworkinyourfavor.Youdon’thavetobeabrainscientisttodoit!（隨著時間的推移，神經(jīng)科學(xué)家對人類大腦的奇妙之處有了更多的了解。更深層次的理解提供了一些方法來增強(qiáng)你的大腦，使之對你有利。你不需要成為一個腦科學(xué)家來做這件事?。笨芍茖W(xué)家們已經(jīng)經(jīng)過研究，提供了一些方法來增強(qiáng)大腦；選項G“Withproperpractices,you’llbuildadeeperawarenessofyourownbrain.（通過適當(dāng)?shù)木毩?xí)，你會對自己的大腦有更深的認(rèn)識）”可知提到了適當(dāng)鍛煉，這就是上文所講的增強(qiáng)大腦的方法之一，故G項承接了上文的內(nèi)容；故選G項?！?7題詳解】上文“Whenyouhearthewordhack,youmightberemindedofthesnakycomputerscienceterm.Computerhackersneedtounderstandtheinnerworkingsofacomputertobreakintoitssystem.（當(dāng)你聽到單詞hack時，你可能會想起繞口的計算機(jī)科學(xué)術(shù)語。計算機(jī)黑客需要了解計算機(jī)的內(nèi)部工作原理才能侵入它的系統(tǒng)。）”可知提到了計算機(jī)黑客入侵電腦系統(tǒng)的條件；下文“Theyneedtoknowhowthebrainworkstochangeitsneuralnetwork.（他們需要知道大腦如何工作以改變它的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。）”可知這個原理和電腦黑客入侵的原理一樣，推知空處講的是與電腦黑客相類似的內(nèi)容；選項B“Thesamegoesforneurohackers（神經(jīng)黑客也一樣）”講述的正是與電腦黑客類似的神經(jīng)黑客，故B項承接了上文拿電腦黑客作例子來講述這種入侵的工作原理的內(nèi)容，同時引出了下文對這種原理的具體描述；故選B項。【38題詳解】上文“Wheneveryourepeatatask,thebrainconnectsitswirestogetherbetweenbraincells.Overtime,thesehabitsbecomehardwiredintothebrains.（每當(dāng)你重復(fù)一項任務(wù)時，大腦就會把腦細(xì)胞之間的電線連接起來。隨著時間的推移，這些習(xí)慣逐漸深入大腦。）”可知提到了重復(fù)某項任務(wù)會形成習(xí)慣；下文“Theyhelpcarryoutsimpleeverydaytaskswithoutmuchthoughtorattention.Thetroublecomesupwhenyourbrainwiresunhealthyhabits,suchasnegativeself-talk.（他們幫助完成簡單的日常任務(wù)，沒有太多的思考或注意。當(dāng)你的大腦形成不健康的習(xí)慣，比如消極的自我對話時，麻煩就來了。）”可知也是在講述日常習(xí)慣問題；選項F“Habitsfreeupourbrainssothatwecanlearnnewthings.（習(xí)慣可以解放我們的大腦，這樣我們就可以學(xué)習(xí)新的東西。）”承接了上文所述的隨著時間推移，形成了習(xí)慣，同時引出了下文對于空處所講的習(xí)慣可以解放大腦以至于讓我們能學(xué)習(xí)新東西的原因的具體闡述，即形成習(xí)慣后，在完成簡單的日常任務(wù)時不要太多的思考和注意，這樣大腦就省出很多空間來讓我們學(xué)習(xí)新東西，故F項符合語境；故選F項?！?9題詳解】上文“Thetroublecomesupwhenyourbrainwiresunhealthyhabits,suchasnegativeself-talk.（當(dāng)你的大腦形成不健康的習(xí)慣，比如消極的自我對話時，麻煩就來了。）”可知習(xí)慣并不都是好的習(xí)慣，壞的習(xí)慣會帶來麻煩；推知空處講述的是與不良習(xí)慣有關(guān)的內(nèi)容；下文“Youneedtorewire!Andthatrequiresmindfulness—aconsciousawarenessofyourbrain’sbehaviorsandpatternsattheverymomentwhentheyoccur.Inthisway,youcanchangethosehabitsinthedirectionthatyouwant.（你得重新接線！這需要正念——在大腦行為和模式發(fā)生的那一刻，有意識地意識到它們。通過這種方式，你可以朝著你想要的方向改變那些習(xí)慣。）”可知下文講述的是改變壞習(xí)慣的方法；選項E“Howdoyouchangethoseundesirablehabits?（你如何改變那些不良習(xí)慣？）”承接了上文所提的不良習(xí)慣的內(nèi)容，提出了如何改變，引出了下文對于這一問題的回答；故選E項?！?0題詳解】下文“Then,youcan“hack”brainpatterns,trainthoughtstowardpositivecircuits,andslowlydevelophealthierhabitsovertime.（然后，你可以“破解”大腦模式，訓(xùn)練思維朝著積極的方向發(fā)展，慢慢養(yǎng)成更健康的習(xí)慣。）”可知在講述破解大腦模式，這個就像電腦黑客破解電腦模式那樣；選項C“Justlearnhowtohackyourbrain.（學(xué)習(xí)如何入侵你的大腦。）”講述的正是像電腦黑客那樣，猶如入侵電腦那樣入侵我們的大腦，引發(fā)下文對于入侵后具體如何破解大腦模式而慢慢養(yǎng)成更健康的習(xí)慣的闡述；故選C項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Mysonhadjustgottenhisdrivinglicense.Onthewayhome,I___41___thecartoasideroad,unfastenedmyseatbelt,and___42___placeswithhim.“Okay,”Isaid,“Iwantyoutodrivehome.”Sittingbehindthesteeringwheel,hisbodylookedtenseand___43___.“Mom,”hesaidquietly,“Ican’tdothis.I’mnotready.”“It’sokay!”Isaid,“You’re___44___goingtofeelready.Youjusthavetogoforit.”“No,”hetookadeepbreathand___45___myfather’swords.“Don’teverapologizeforknowingyourlimits.Youtoldmethat!”Forabriefmoment,time___46___Isawtheveryoldphotographforever___47___inmymemory.Itshowsmyfamilystandingarminarmand___48___forthecamera,withthethentallestrollercoaster(過山車)wedecidedtoridetogetherinthebackground.NooneknewIwas___49___terrified.Ijustdidn’twanttobetheonetostaybehind.We___50___ourwayupthelineandfinallyreachedtheend.Suddenly,mybodywasstiff(僵硬的)with___51___,andIknew:Ijustcouldn’tdoit.Too___52___tofacemyfamily,IsimplycalledovermyshouldertoDadthatIwasleaving.Dadaskedmewhathappened.“IguessIwastoochicken.Sorry.”WhatDadsaidnext___53___surprisedme.“Don’teverapologizeforknowingyourlimits,”hesaid,“Anddon’tletsomeonemakeyoudosomethingyou’renotcomfortablewith.I’mproudofyouforthechoiceyoumade.”Thiswastheexact___54___ofwhatIhadexpectedhimtosay.Instantly,Iunderstoodexactlyhowmysonfelt.Knowingthelimitsisn’tan___55___ofweakness.It’sactuallyasignofstrength.41.A.pulledout B.pulledover C.pulledaway D.pulledback42.A.traded B.provided C.shared D.took43.A.impatient B.indifferent C.uncomfortable D.irrelevant44.A.always B.surely C.forever D.never45.A.expected B.wondered C.recalled D.imagined46.A.passed B.faded C.froze D.flew47.A.pressed B.struck C.reflected D.printed48.A.looking B.applying C.smiling D.accounting49.A.hardly B.secretly C.similarly D.obviously50.A.inched B.found C.picked D.felt51.A.anger B.fear C.sadness D.joy52.A.embarrassed B.disappointed C.discouraged D.desperate53.A.consistently B.completely C.normally D.constantly54.A.complaint B.reply C.expression D.opposite55.A.assumption B.introduction C.inspiration D.indication【答案】41.B42.A43.C44.D45.C46.C47.D48.C49.B50.A51.B52.A53.B54.D55.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了在回家的路上作者原本打算讓對開車有恐懼感的兒子開車回家，而兒子的一番話讓作者想起了自己兒時的經(jīng)歷，最終作者明白了兒子的處境，同時也明白了知道自己的極限并不表明自己是軟弱的，相反這是一種強(qiáng)大的表現(xiàn)?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：回家的路上，我把車停在一條岔路上，解開安全帶，和他交換了位置。A.pulledout拉出；B.pulledover靠邊停車；C.pulledaway離開；D.pulledback撤退。根據(jù)空后“thecartoasideroad,unfastenedmyseatbelt,and____________placeswithhim.”可知是作者將車停在了路邊，和兒子交換了位置。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：回家的路上，我把車停在一條輔路上，解開安全帶，和他交換了位置。A.traded做交易；B.provided提供；C.shared分享；D.took拿走。根據(jù)后文““Okay,”Isaid.“Iwantyoutodrivehome.””可知作者想讓兒子開車回家，所以和兒子交換了位置。故選A項。【43題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在方向盤后面，他的身體看起來緊張而不舒服。A.impatient不耐煩的；B.indifferent冷漠的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.irrelevant不相干的。根據(jù)空前“hisbodylookedtense”以及空后““Ican’tdothis.I’mnotready.””可知兒子聽到要讓他開車回家就表現(xiàn)出了緊張和不舒服。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：你永遠(yuǎn)不會覺得自己準(zhǔn)備好了。A.always總是；B.surely一定；C.forever永遠(yuǎn)；D.never永不。根據(jù)后文“Youjusthavetogoforit.”可知作者鼓勵兒子必須要去爭取那些自己認(rèn)為沒有準(zhǔn)備好的事情，因為在不嘗試之前你永遠(yuǎn)不會覺得自己準(zhǔn)備好了。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“不，”他深吸一口氣，回憶起我父親的話?！坝肋h(yuǎn)不要因為知道自己的極限而道歉。這是你告訴我的!”A.expected期望；B.wondered想知道；C.recalled召回；回想起；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)空后“myfather’swords.”可知是兒子想起了作者父親的話。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有那么一小會兒，時間停止了。A.passed經(jīng)過；B.faded逐漸消失；褪色；C.froze結(jié)冰；凝固；D.flew飛翔。根據(jù)后文“Isawtheveryoldphotographforever____________inmymemory.”可知兒子的話讓作者看到了那張刻在記憶深處的老照片，時間停留在了那一刻。所以說時間似乎停止了。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到了那張永遠(yuǎn)刻在我記憶里的老照片。A.pressed擠；按；壓；B.struck擊打；C.reflected反映；D.printed打印。根據(jù)空前“Isawtheveryoldphotographforever”以及空后“inmymemory.”可知作者兒時經(jīng)歷的那一幕永遠(yuǎn)地留在了作者記憶的深處。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：照片中，我的家人手挽著手，對著鏡頭微笑，背景是我們決定一起乘坐的當(dāng)時最高的過山車。A.looking看；面向；B.applying申請；應(yīng)用；C.smiling微笑；D.accounting視為。根據(jù)空后“forthecamera,withthethentallestrollercoaster(過山車)wedecidedtoridetogetherinthebackground.NooneknewIwas____________terrified.”可知因為要乘坐最高的過山車，所以家人們都很高興。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有人知道我暗自害怕。A.hardly幾乎不；B.secretly秘密地；C.similarly相似地；D.obviously顯然。根據(jù)后文“Ijustdidn’twanttobetheonetostaybehind.We____________ourwayupthelineandfinallyreachedtheend.Suddenly,mybodywasstiffwith____________,andIknew:Ijustcouldn’tdoit.”可知作者暗自害怕。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一路向前，終于到達(dá)（隊伍）的終點。A.inched緩慢移動；漸進(jìn)；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.picked挑選；D.felt感覺到。根據(jù)空后“ourwayupthelineandfinallyreachedtheend.”可知作者一家排隊等著坐過山車，所以是緩慢移動。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然間，我的身體因恐懼而僵硬，我知道：我就是做不到。A.anger憤怒；B.fear恐懼；C.sadness悲傷；D.joy快樂。根據(jù)前文“NooneknewIwas____________terrified.”以及“Suddenly,mybodywasstiffwith”可知因為害怕，作者的身體變得僵硬。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我羞于面對家人，只是回頭對爸爸說我要走了。A.embarrassed尷尬的；不安的；B.disappointed失望的；C.discouraged沮喪的；D.desperate不惜冒險的。根據(jù)后文“IsimplycalledovermyshouldertoDadthatIwasleaving.”可知因為不敢坐過山車作者覺得很丟人。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：爸爸接下來說的話讓我大吃一驚。A.consistently一貫地；B.completely完全地；十分地；C.normally正常地；D.consta