2025北京北師大二附中高三（下）統(tǒng)練二英語（教師版）

第1頁/共1頁2025北京北師大二附中高三（下）統(tǒng)練二英語第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Whenourdaughterproposedwetakeheronanadventure,Iimmediatelythoughtofapieceofadvicefromafriend,suggestingtakingchildren“tothewildestspacestheycanfind”.Ihadnoideaatallaboutthat.Nevertheless,after___1___ouressentials,wedroveacarandbeganour___2___travel.Soonweenteredthesceniccountryside,andmydaughter’sexcitementfilledtheair.Suddenly,wefoundacave.Feelingthrilled,wedecidedtoexplorefurther.Equippedwithflashlights,we___3___itwithgreatcaution.Inside,thecaveopenedup,revealingabreathtakingundergroundworld.Shockedatthenaturalbeauty,wedeterminedtomakethemostofthis___4___find.Aswewalkedalongthesideofthecave,weweregreetedbyawe-inspiringrock.Whenwecontinued,adim(暗淡的)light___5___ahead,accompaniedbyunsettingsounds.Mydaughtergrabbedmyhandaswe___6___,unsurewhethertocontinue.However,afteramomentofinnerstruggle,we___7___ourselvesandpressedontowardsthelight.Whenweemergedfromthecave,aforestcameintooursight.Theunsettlingsoundswehadheardwerejustthewindrustlingtheleaves.Listenedtothebirds’calls,wetookinthebeautyofnature.Itwasanobvious___8___thatsometimes,exploringtheunknowncanleadtoastonishing___9___.Thisadventuroustripofconqueringfearhadalso___10___ustoaplacebeyondourimagination,creatingmemoriesthatwouldlastalifetime.1.A.takingover B.packingup C.checkingon D.puttingaside2.A.cultural B.impossible C.unforgettable D.romantic3.A.entered B.found C.built D.decorated4.A.temporary B.normal C.accidental D.different5.A.responded B.appeared C.turned D.gathered6.A.hesitated B.recovered C.finished D.escaped7.A.rewarded B.expressed C.doubted D.steeled8.A.marker B.foundation C.destination D.reminder9.A.growth B.discovery C.success D.record10.A.invited B.exposed C.brought D.supported第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。I’dbeenlivingwithMamaLilsinceIwassix,whenmyownmamaanddaddy___11___(kill)inanapartmentbuildingfire.LillianJohnswasmymom’smother.EverybodyonourstreetcalledherMamaLilandthatwas___12___Icalledhertoo.Ihadbeenbuttingheads(針鋒相對)withhereversinceIcouldremember.AndtheolderIgot,themoreatoddswewereandthemoreconflictswe___13___(experience).B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Amarketingprofessor:InmybookTheLanguageofBranding,Imentionthatbrandlanguageisabrilliantwayofenhancingcustomerloyalty(忠誠).___14___(company)thatpersuadepeopletousetheirowntermscreate“asenseofbelongingandimprovedloyalty___15___thebrand”.Italsoenablesemployeestowork___16___(efficient)thanbefore.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Thepracticeofnaming“generations”___17___(base)onbirthyeargoesbackatleasttothesupposed“l(fā)ost-generation”ofthelate19thcentury.Butasthetraditionslidintoanever-endingcompetitiontobethefirst___18___(propose)thenextname___19___sticks,ithasproducedgradually___20___(decline)returnstosocialscienceandthepublicunderstanding.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。A"Foryears,Ifoundmyselfwalkinglessandless.AsIgotolder,achesandpainsinmybackandlegscausedmetostayinmychair,watchingTVandwatchinglifegoby.Mydoctortoldmetobemoreactive,andItried.Itriedcanesandwalkers…andIhatedthem.Draggingmyselfalong,bentover,lookingatthegroundtwofeetinfrontofme—thatdidn'tseemlikeafunwaytogetaround.Then,oneday,afriendintroducedmetothePerfectWalker.Nothingisgoingtostopmenow!"JoinmillionsofolderAmericanswhoarerediscoveringthejoyofwalking!ThePerfectWalkerisaninnovativemobilitydevicethatcanchangeyourlife.Itenablesyoutostanduprightwhenyouwalk-withyourspinestraightandyoureyeslookingstraightahead.Yourweightissupportedbyyourupperarmsandshoulders,someofthestrongestpartsofyourbody.Traditionalwalkersforceyoutoputthepressureofyourbodyweightonyourhandsandwrists.Youpushtheminfrontofyou,lookingatthegroundinsteadofwhereyouaregoing.ThePerfectWalkermoveswithyou,withyourfeetfreetowalkinanormalfashion.Itseasyheight-adjustsystemallowsittobetheperfectheightforanyonefrom4'9"to6'2"andsupportsupto300pounds.ThenewStandAssistHandlesTMenableyoutodistributeyourweightacrossyourarmsandshoulders,notyourhandsandwrists,tohelpreduceback,neck,wristpainanddiscomfort.Itfeaturescomfortablearmpads,handbrakes,afold-downseatandstorageareawithabackrest.It'sbuiltwithaircraft-gradealuminumtobestrongyetlightweight,anditsstreamlineddesignandoversizedwheelsmakeitperfectforwalkingintheyard.Whyspendanotherdaybentoveranddraggingyourselfaround—orworseyet,lyinginfrontoftheTVallday?Pickupthephoneandtakebackyourlife.21.WhoistalkingaboutthePerfectWalkeratthebeginning?A.Auser. B.Theagent C.Adoctor. D.Theproducer.22.WhatisthePerfectWalker'sbiggestadvantageovertraditionalones?A.Itservesavarietyoffunctions. B.It'smadeofaircraft-gradematerial.C.Itfeaturescomfortablearmpadsandaseat. D.Itallowsuserstowalkinanordinarymanner.23.Bydialing1-888-235-1481,youcan________.A.placeanorder B.applyformembership C.askforafreetrial D.getapromotioncodeBManykidswhogrowupinbigcitieshavelotsofopportunitiestoexperiencesciencehands-on.Therearezoos,museumsandschoolfieldtrips.Butthoseconditionsaresometimesoutofreachforlower-incomechildren.Andinsomeruralareas,thoseopportunitiessimplydon’texistatall.DanSudranhastakenituponhimselftohelpclosethegap.Growingupagood,studiouskidinKansas,hefollowedtherulesandwenttocollege,thenlawschool.Buthewasconfused.“Icouldn’treallyfigureoutwhatIwasorwhatIwassupposedtobe,”Sudransays.Sudranfinallyhadhisanswerinhislate30s.Hestartedtakingapartelectronicsandcollectingmaterialsfromthebeach.Inschool,sciencehadheldnointerestforhimatall.Butoutintherealworld,itturnedouttobethethinghe’dbeenmissingallalong.“MylifebecomesbettersinceIgotintoscience,”Sudransays.Andthatinspiredhim.Whatifhecouldgivechildrenthesameexperiencehe’dwaited30yearstodiscover?SoSudrangotacollegetodonatesomespaceandequipment.Prettysoon,asmallnonprofitprojectcalledtheCommunityScienceWorkshopNetworkwasborn.Todaytherearesixworkshops,almostallinlow-incomeneighborhoodsaroundCalifornia.Oneoftheworkshopsisfilledwithstuff:microscopes,powertools,evenaturtleandasnake.There’snocurriculum,nothingtomemorizebuttoolstoplayandexperimentwith.Eighth-graderJoseVegaisworkinghardatbuildingarobotwhileEstebanEspinoza,6,isgettingtadpoles(蝌蚪)outofatanktoexaminethemunderamicroscope.Onegroupofkidsarespreadingoutonthefloor,tryingtofigureouthowtobuildahotairballoon.Sudran’sdream,hesays,istotakethismodelofquickhands-onscienceallovertheworld.Nextup,Sudranhopes,willbethesmallSouthernCaliforniadeserttownofCoachella.24.WhatcanweknowaboutDanSudranfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hemakesaclearplanforhislife. B.Hehadvastexperienceinfieldtrips.C.Hehasastrongsenseofresponsibility. D.Heshowedaninterestinscienceatschool.25.WhatgaveSudrantheideafortheCommunityScienceWorkshopNetwork?A.Hispursuitofbetterlife. B.Hispracticeofscience.C.Hisdreaminchildhood. D.Hisdevotiontoeducation.26.Whydoestheauthorlistexamplesinparagraph4?A.Toshowthefunctionoftheproject. B.Torevealthehistoryoftheproject.C.Tostresstheimportanceofscience. D.Torecordthegrowthofthestudents.27.WhatdoesSudrandecidetodonext?A.Becomeascienceteacher. B.Buildmorescienceworkshops.C.MovetodeserttownofCoachella. D.Findnewmodelsoflearningscience.CDemandingdaysseemdesignedtotestourself-control.Weallneedtorelyonwillpowertoavoidshort-termtemptationsandoverrideunwantedthoughtsorimpulses(沖動).Theprevailingpsychologicaltheoryproposedthatwillpowerresembledakindofbattery.Witheachexerciseofself-control,youexhaustedthisresource.Withoutachancetorecharge,thatresourceranlow,makingithardertomaintainself-control.Thisprocesswasknownas“egodepletion”.In2010,however,psychologistVeronikaJobpublishedastudythatquestionedthefoundationsof“egodepletion”theory,withsomeinterestingevidencethategodepletiondependedonpeople’sunderlyingbeliefs.Inthestudy,Jobdividedparticipantsintotwocategories:thosewitha“l(fā)imited”viewofwillpowerandthosewitha“non-limited”viewofwillpower,basedonapriorquestionnaire.Shethengavetheparticipantssomestandardlaboratorytestsexaminingmentalfocus,whichwasconsideredtodependonthereservesofwillpower.Thestudyfoundthatpeoplewithalimitedmindsettendedtoperformexactlyasegodepletiontheorywouldpredictbutthenon-limitedindividualsdidnot,whichindicatedthatpeople’sbeliefsaboutwillpowercouldbeself-fulfillingprophecies(預(yù)言).Thosewhobelievedwillpowerwaseasilydepletedsawtheirself-controldecrease,whilethosewhobelievedin“mentalstamina(耐力)”experiencednoegodepletion.Subsequentdebatesaboutthereliabilityofthelaboratorytestsofegodepletionemerged,butJob’sworkdemonstratedthatmindsetsignificantlyimpactedreal-lifeoutcomes.Herfollow-upstudyrevealedthataftercompletingdemandingtasks,mostparticipantsrecoveredtosomedegreeovernight,butthosewithnon-limitedmindsetsactuallyexperiencedanincreaseintheirproductivitythefollowingday,asifenergizedbytheextrapressure.Ifyoualreadyhaveanon-limitedmindsetaboutwillpower,thesefindingsmightbeacauseforself-satisfaction.Forthosewithlimitedmindsets,hopeisnotlost.Learningaboutthissciencecanhelpshiftbeliefs.Sharingthisknowledgewithotherscanfurtherconsolidatethisshift.Moreover,recollectingtimesofengagingintaxingyetenjoyabletasksnaturallyshiftspeople’sbeliefstowardnon-limitedmindsets,astheyseeproofoftheirownmentalstamina.Toprovideyourselfwithfurtherevidence,youcanconductsmallself-controltests.Asyourealizeyourwillpower’sgrowth,you’llfindresistingtemptationsanddistractionseasier.Whileimmediatemiraclesaren’tguaranteed,perseverancewillleadtoachangedmindsetandincreasedself-control,propellingactionstowardpersonalgoals.28.“Egodepletion”theoryshowsthatwillpower________.A.helpscontrolourimpulses B.reducesafterexercisingself-controlC.isatestofyourcharacter D.islikeachargeablebattery29.WhatcanwelearnfromJob’stwostudies?A.Extrapressureboostsmentalfocus.B.Demandingtasksreducementalfocus.C.Reservesofwillpowerdependonmentalfocus.D.Thechangeofmentalfocusreliesonone’smindset.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbuildnon-limitedmindsets?A.Picturingyouridealuniversity.B.DoinghomeworkinfrontofaTV.C.Sharingscienceknowledgewithfriends.D.Recallingmasteringachallengingpianopiece.DCreativityisaproductofthehumanmind.Butwhyaresomepeoplemorecreativethanothers?Havingauniquebrainhasbeenproposedasonepossibility.TakeWolfgangAmadeusMozart'smusicalcreativity.IthasbeensuggestedthathehadTourette'ssyndrome,abrainconditionlinkedtoarangeofsymptoms,whichcouldhaveplayedarole.Otherproposalslinkcreativitytointelligenceoreventotheuseofcertaindrugs.IntheCreativeBrain:Mythsandtruths,scientistAnnaAbrahamexaminestheseideasandfourmore,describingthemasmyths(謬見)andeachisdiscussedinachapter.Butratherthanfullydebunkthem,Abraham'spreconditionisthattheyallcontainatruth.Sheresearchesintohowthesebeliefsdevelopedandspread—andwhytheyaresohardtodesert.Herfocusisonhowmisinformationisoftenrelatedtoconflictingresultsinthescientificevidencethatissupposedtobackthemup.Takethecommonideathatthebrain'srighthemisphere(腦半球)isassociatedwithcreativity.Bothbehavioralandbrain-basedstudieshaveexploredthis,butfindingsarehardtocomparebecausethewaysofmeasuringdifferentaspects,suchasthelevelofcreativity,varygreatly.Thismeanswecanfindevidencesupportingboththerightandlefthemispheresbeingdominantincreativeactivities,aswellasthejointinvolvementofthetwo.Suchproblems,saysAbraham,originateinthefactthatcreativitytypicallyinvolvesmanyelementsbutthefocusisoftendrawntojustone,theimaginationneededtomakesomethingnew.Otheraspects—suchasthedrivetocreate,thehardworkinvolvedandtheabilitytoproducesomethingthatsympathizeswithanaudience—arealsocrucial.Manyexplanations,shesays,treatcreativitytoosimplistically:forexample,takingcertaindrugscanmakesomeonemoreopen,andthusbetterabletothinkcreatively,butmaynotaffecttheirmotivation.Abrahamprovidesagoodsummarizationoftherelationshipbetweencreativityandthebrain,coveringalotofgroundwhiledoingso.Sheencouragesreaderstothinkmoredeeplyaboutbrain-basedcreativitytheories,eveniftheyseembackedupbyevidence.Howcreativityoriginatesinthebrainiscomplexandprobablycan'tbeexplainedbyasimplenarrative.Perhapsweneedanewapproach.31.Whatdoestheword“debunk”underlinedinParagraph3probablymean?A.Deny. B.Expose. C.Approve. D.Clarify.32.Whatcanwelearnaboutcreativityfromthepassage?A.Ithelpstosympathizewithanaudience. B.Itisdominatedbythebrain'srighthemisphere.C.Itisacomplexprocessinvolvingmanyfactors. D.Itcanbeenhancedbyhardworkandmotivation.33.Asforbrain-basedcreativitytheories,Abrahamis__________.A.appreciative B.disapproving C.unconcerned D.objective34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplorethemythsandtruthsaboutcreativityandthebrain.B.Toprovethatcreativityisgreatlylinkedwithauniquebrain.C.Toarguethatcreativityismainlydeterminedbyintelligence.D.Toencouragetheuseofdrugstopartlyenhancecreativity.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。You’restandinginlineatthegrocerystoreorwaitingforanelevator.Youhavenomorethanaminutetokill.Andyet,beforeyou’veevenrealizedwhatyou’redoing,you’vepulledoutyourphoneandhavebeguntomindlesslyscroll(滾屏)throughapps.____35____Researchsuggestsplentyofpeopledothesamething.Only11%ofpeople'ssmartphonecheckswereinresponsetoanotification.Fortherestofthetime,theycheckedtheirphonestotallyunplanned,oftenwithoutthinkingthroughwhytheyweredoingit.We'resousedtoconstantstimulationthatwefeeluncomfortablewhenwe’renotdoinganything,evenforjustafewseconds.Ourbrainsarehardwiredtoseekoutrewardslikeknowledge,entertainment,andsocialconnection.Allofthosethingsweremuchhardertofindbeforewehadtinycomputersatourfingertips.Nowwedo.Ourphonesarebasicallyall-you-can-eatbuffetsforourbrains,endlesslyandeasilyservingupthethingstheywant.____36____Aquickphonecheckprobablyisn'tdoingyourbrainanyrealharm.____37____Overtime,constantscrollingcouldhaveanegativeeffectonyourjobperformance,relationships,sleep,andpossiblyevenphysicalsafety,ifyou’redoingthingslikecheckingyourphonewhileyouwalkordrive.____38____Whenyougiveintoyoururgesandcheckyourphone,thenfeelguiltyaboutit,thefeelingoffailureaddsshametoinjury.Ifyouwanttobreakthehabitofconstantchecking,you’llhavetoworkatit.Buildingawarenessisagoodway.____39____Forexample,nexttimeyoucatchyourselfscrollingthroughshortvideoswithoutevenabsorbingthecontent,thinkaboutwhetheryoureallywanttobeonyourphone,oryouarejustputtingoffaless-funtask.A.Checkingyourphoneisoftenautomatic.B.There'salsoamental-healthelementtoconsider.C.Ofcourseourmindscan'thelpbutfeedthemselves.D.Startgoingwithoutyourphoneforsetperiodsoftime.E.Theurgetocheckyourphoneisoftenrelatedtostressrelief.F.Takeamomenttoaskyourselfwhatisdrivingyourbehavior.G.Butit'salsoworthconsideringhowallthoselittlechecksaddup.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。Lifefeltlikeamountainhikewithdesignated(指定的)stops—highschool,college—whereIcouldfigureoutmydirection.Ichosechemistryasmycollegemajorbecauseitseemedtoprovidedifferentcareeroptions.Learningorganicchemistryreactionswasn’tfrustratingorboring,butIdidnot“l(fā)ove”mysubject.Whendecidingwhattodoafterfinishingmyundergraduatedegree,Iwaslargelydrivenbyadesireforfinancialindependence.Whileexploringjobprospects,Ifoundmostrequiredamaster’s.Iwasofferedaspotinagraduateprogramanddecidedtoenroll.ItcamewiththeoptionofcontinuingtoaPh.D.,butIneversawthatasmylikelydirection.However,mycertaintythatIwasnotsuitedforaPh.D.begantowaverduringmysecondyear,whenIstartedthemandatorylaboratoryresearchproject.IspentalotoftimeinthelabandIneverfeltbored.Masteringmyprojectrequiredconstantlearningandimprovisation.Istartedtopreferexperimentsoverclasses.Standardizingreactionsfeltmoresatisfyingthanscoringwellonexams.Asmymaster’swasdrawingtoaclose,myconfusionpeaked.Withmyscores,Iwasinagoodpositiontobehiredbygovernment-fundedcompanies—agreatopportunityIdidn’twanttowaste.AndeveryoneItalkedtoadvisedsecurityastablejobinsteadofpursuingaPh.D.Icontinuedontotheinterviewstage.Still,Icouldn’tignoremygrowinginterestinresearch.Oneweekbeforemyscheduledinterviewwithmytop-choicecompany,Ibackedout.IwasgoingtopursueaPh.D.I’vecompletedmydoctorateandamnowanindependentacademicresearcher.Ihaveworkedwithotherswhoarefarmoreenthusiasticandwerealwayssuretheywantedtobescientists.MyabsentpassionmademefeelinadequatewhenIsawcolleaguesreadingpapersanddiscussingtopicssolelyoutofinterestwhereasIsometimesfeltunmotivatedtoreadliteraturerelevanttomyownproject.IwonderedhowItraveledsofarwithout“l(fā)ove”forthesubject.Overtheyears,though,Ihaverealizedthatneithersuccessnorfailuremakesmegooverboardorslipintodepression.Thereareupsanddowns,butitjustfeelsrighteverymorningtogotothelaboratoryanddoexperimentstolearnsomethingnew.Havingstartedmycareerasa“reluctant”(不情愿的)chemist,IamyettoproclaimmyloveforwhatIdo.ButItrytoseetherelevantproblemsandsolvethemformyownsatisfaction.Thatmakesmenolesscapablethanmypeers,andnolessdeservingofaspaceinscience.40.Whydidtheauthorchoosechemistryashiscollegemajor?________________________________________________________________41.WhendidtheauthorbegintoquestionhisbeliefaboutnotbeingsuitedforaPh.D.?________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.?TheauthordecidedtocontinuetopursueaPh.D.becauseofhisfailureinthejobinterview________________________________________________________________43.Fromthisstory,whatcanwelearnabout“reluctance”?(Inabout40words)________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（20分）44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生李華。近期，中國人工智能DeepSeek在國際上引起廣泛關(guān)注和熱烈討論。你的英國筆友Jim來信向你咨詢相關(guān)情況，請你用英語給Jim寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹中國人工智能發(fā)展的成果及意義；2.闡述你的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B6.A7.D8.D9.B10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一家人的探險之旅，他們探索了一個洞穴，最終走出洞穴，看到了美麗的森林，這次冒險之旅也讓作者一家人意識到，探索未知有時會帶來驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)。【1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：盡管如此，在收拾好必需品后，我們開車開始了難忘的旅行。A.takingover接管；B.packingup打包，收拾；C.checkingon核實，檢查；D.puttingaside忽視，儲存。根據(jù)后文“wedroveacarandbeganour___2___travel.”可知，開始旅行之前要先收拾好必需品。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，在收拾好必需品后，我們開車開始了難忘的旅行。A.cultural文化的；B.impossible不可能的；C.unforgettable難忘的；D.romantic浪漫的。根據(jù)最后一段中“creatingmemoriesthatwouldlastalifetime”可知，這次旅行給作者留下了終身難忘的記憶，此處指開始難忘之旅。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們配備了手電筒，非常謹(jǐn)慎地進(jìn)去了。A.entered進(jìn)入；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.built建造；D.decorated裝飾。根據(jù)前文“Suddenly,wefoundacave.Feelingthrilled,wedecidedtoexplorefurther.”可知，作者一家人發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個洞穴，并決定進(jìn)一步探索，所以他們進(jìn)入了洞穴。故選A。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們對自然美景感到震驚，決定充分利用這個意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)。A.temporary暫時的；B.normal正常的；C.accidental意外的；D.different不同的。根據(jù)前文“Suddenly,wefoundacave”和“Inside,thecaveopenedup,revealingabreathtakingundergroundworld.Shockedatthenaturalbeauty”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)洞穴是偶然發(fā)生的，洞內(nèi)的美景讓人震驚，這些都是意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)。此處指“決定充分利用這個意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選C。【5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)時，前方出現(xiàn)了一束微弱的光，伴隨著令人不安的聲音。A.responded回應(yīng)；B.appeared出現(xiàn)；C.turned轉(zhuǎn)彎，轉(zhuǎn)身；D.gathered聚集。根據(jù)前文“Whenwecontinued”和后文“ahead”以及“accompaniedbyunsettingsounds.”可知，當(dāng)作者一家人在山洞里繼續(xù)向前走時，前方出現(xiàn)了一束微弱的光，伴隨著令人不安的聲音。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我女兒抓住我的手，我們猶豫不決，不知道該不該繼續(xù)。A.hesitated猶豫；B.recovered恢復(fù)；C.finished完成；D.escaped逃跑。根據(jù)后文“unsurewhethertocontinue”可知，不確定是否要繼續(xù)，作者和女兒猶豫不決。故選A。【7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，經(jīng)過片刻的內(nèi)心掙扎，我們鼓足勇氣，繼續(xù)向那束光走去。A.rewarded獎勵；B.expressed表達(dá)；C.doubted懷疑；D.steeled使準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)對（不愉快之事），使堅強(qiáng)地做（或面對）。根據(jù)后文“pressedontowardsthelight”可知，雖然感到不安，但作者和女兒鼓足了勇氣，下定決心繼續(xù)向那束光走去。steel“使準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)對(不愉快之事)，使堅強(qiáng)地做（或面對）”符合語境。故選D。【8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這會提醒我們，有時，探索未知會帶來驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)。A.marker標(biāo)記，標(biāo)識；B.foundation基礎(chǔ)；C.destination目的地；D.reminder提醒物，引起回憶的事物。前文“It”指作者一行探索洞穴卻意外發(fā)現(xiàn)森林的事情，結(jié)合后文“sometimes,exploringtheunknowncanleadtoastonishing”可知，作者認(rèn)為這件事情會讓人想到“探索未知會帶來驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)”，所以它是一個提醒物（reminder）。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這明顯提醒我們，有時，探索未知會帶來驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)。A.growth成長；B.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.success成功；D.record記錄。根據(jù)前文可知，作者一行的冒險之旅首先是在風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的鄉(xiāng)村意外發(fā)現(xiàn)一個山洞，進(jìn)一步探索又在走出山洞時意外發(fā)現(xiàn)森林，結(jié)合“exploringtheunknowncanleadtoastonishing”可知，作者感悟探索未知會帶來驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這次征服恐懼的冒險之旅也把我們帶到了一個超乎想象的地方，創(chuàng)造了將持續(xù)一生的記憶。A.invited邀請；B.exposed暴露；C.brought帶來；D.supported支持。根據(jù)后文“toaplacebeyondourimagination”可知，這次冒險之旅把作者一家人帶到了一個超乎想象的地方。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.werekilled12.what13.experienced【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹的是主人公自幼失去雙親后與外婆MamaLil生活中的沖突與成長?！?1題詳解】考查謂語動詞。句意：自從我六歲那年，我的親生父母在一次公寓樓火災(zāi)中喪生后，我就一直和MamaLil生活在一起。此處為when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)先行詞可知，此處描述的是六歲發(fā)生的事件，所以此處使用一般過去時，kill與主語myownmamaanddaddy之間為被動關(guān)系，所以此處使用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，且主語為復(fù)數(shù)。故填werekilled?！?2題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：我們街上每個人都叫她MamaLil，這也是我怎么稱呼她的。此處為連接詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句，從句中缺少賓補(bǔ)，結(jié)合“calledherMamaLil”可知，賓補(bǔ)為名詞，所以此處使用連接詞what指代MamaLil。故填what?！?3題詳解】考查謂語動詞。句意：而且我年紀(jì)越大，我們之間的分歧就越多，經(jīng)歷的沖突也越多。此處為省略了關(guān)系代詞的定語從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)上文的并列謂語動詞were可知，此處使用一般過去時，且與主語之間為主動關(guān)系。故填experienced?！敬鸢浮?4.Companies15.to16.moreefficiently【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是品牌語言在增強(qiáng)客戶忠誠度及提升員工工作效率方面的重要作用?！?4題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：公司如果能說服人們使用自己的術(shù)語，就能創(chuàng)造一種“歸屬感和對品牌的忠誠度”。此處為名詞作主語，結(jié)合從句中的謂語動詞persuade和主句謂語動詞create都是復(fù)數(shù)形式可知，此處需要名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式companies來指代多個公司，作定語從句所修飾的先行詞，在句中作主語，位于句首，首字母需大寫。故填Companies?！?5題詳解】考查介詞。句意：公司如果能說服人們使用自己的術(shù)語，就能創(chuàng)造一種“歸屬感和對品牌的忠誠度”。此處loyaltyto表示“對……的忠誠”符合句意，所以此處使用介詞to。故填to?！?6題詳解】考查副詞比較級。句意：這也使得員工比以前工作得更有效率。此處修飾動詞work應(yīng)用副詞作狀語，efficient的副詞形式efficiently意為“高效地”，根據(jù)空后的than可知，此處使用副詞的比較級形式moreefficiently。故填moreefficiently?！敬鸢浮?7.based18.topropose19.that##which20.declining【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了依據(jù)出生年份命名“世代”這一做法的起源和現(xiàn)狀?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：依據(jù)出生年份命名“世代”的做法至少可以追溯到19世紀(jì)末所謂的“迷惘的一代”。“(base)onbirthyear”在句中作后置定語，base(以……為基礎(chǔ)或根據(jù))是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語Thepractice之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞表被動。故填based?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：但隨著這一傳統(tǒng)陷入一場永無止境的競爭，即成為第一個提出下一個合適名稱的人，它對社會科學(xué)和公眾認(rèn)知的回報逐漸減少。序數(shù)詞或有序數(shù)詞修飾的名詞后，常用不定式作后置定語，意為“第幾個做……的……”；“thefirsttopropose...”表示“第一個提出……的”。故填topropose。【19題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：但隨著這一傳統(tǒng)陷入一場永無止境的競爭，即成為第一個提出下一個合適名稱的人，它對社會科學(xué)和公眾認(rèn)知的回報逐漸減少?！癬____sticks”是定語從句，修飾先行詞name，指物，關(guān)系詞將其代入定語從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)從句。故填that/which?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：但隨著這一傳統(tǒng)陷入一場永無止境的競爭，即成為第一個提出下一個合適名稱的人，它對社會科學(xué)和公眾認(rèn)知的回報逐漸減少。decline(下降，減少)作定語修飾名詞returns(回報)，是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語returns之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞declining表主動。故填declining。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一款名為“完美助行架”的產(chǎn)品，介紹了其特色和訂購方式?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Foryears,Ifoundmyselfwalkinglessandless.AsIgotolder,achesandpainsinmybackandlegscausedmetostayinmychair,watchingTVandwatchinglifegoby.Mydoctortoldmetobemoreactive,andItried.Itriedcanesandwalkers…andIhatedthem.Draggingmyselfalong,bentover,lookingatthegroundtwofeetinfrontofme—thatdidn'tseemlikeafunwaytogetaround.Then,oneday,afriendintroducedmetothePerfectWalker.Nothingisgoingtostopmenow!(多年來，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己走得越來越少。隨著年齡的增長，背部和腿部的疼痛讓我只能坐在椅子上，看著電視，看著生命流逝。我的醫(yī)生告訴我要多運動，我試過了。我試過手杖和助行器，但我討厭它們。拖著自己走，彎著腰，看著我前面兩英尺的地面——這似乎不是一個有趣的方式。后來有一天，一個朋友把我介紹給了“完美助行架”?，F(xiàn)在沒有什么能阻止我了！)”可知，一開始談?wù)撏昝乐屑艿氖且粋€用戶。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Traditionalwalkersforceyoutoputthepressureofyourbodyweightonyourhandsandwrists.Youpushtheminfrontofyou,lookingatthegroundinsteadofwhereyouaregoing.ThePerfectWalkermoveswithyou,withyourfeetfreetowalkinanormalfashion.(傳統(tǒng)的助行架迫使你將身體的重量壓在你的手和手腕上。你把他們推到你面前，看著地面而不是你要去的地方。完美助行架隨你移動，你的腳可以自由地以正常的方式行走)”可知，與傳統(tǒng)助行架相比，完美助行架的最大優(yōu)勢是它允許用戶以普通的方式行走。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Callnow!1-888-235-1481(現(xiàn)在就撥打1-888-235-1481)”以及最后一段中“Pickupthephoneandtakebackyourlife.(拿起電話，重新開始你的生活吧)”可知，你可以通過撥打1-888-235-1481來下單。故選A?！敬鸢浮?4.C25.B26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了DanSudran創(chuàng)建社區(qū)科學(xué)工作坊網(wǎng)絡(luò)，為低收入社區(qū)和農(nóng)村地區(qū)的孩子們提供親手實踐科學(xué)的機(jī)會。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butthoseconditionsaresometimesoutofreachforlower-incomechildren.Andinsomeruralareas,thoseopportunitiessimplydon’texistatall.(但這些條件有時對低收入家庭的兒童來說是遙不可及的。在一些農(nóng)村地區(qū)，這樣的機(jī)會根本就不存在。)”和第二段“DanSudranhastakenituponhimselftohelpclosethegap.(DanSudran已經(jīng)承擔(dān)起幫助縮小這一差距的責(zé)任。)”