2020年高考英語(yǔ)試卷（新高考Ⅱ卷）（海南）（解析卷）

2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試·新高考Ⅱ卷英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)，回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.

B.￡9.18.

C.￡9.15.答案是c1.Whatwillthespeakersdotonight?A.VisitMary.

B.Gooutoftown.

C.Hostadinner.2.Howdoesthewomangotoworkthisweek?A.Bycar.

B.Bybike.

C.Onfoot3.WhattimedoesDave’smeetingstar?A.At8：30

B.At9：00.

C.At10：00.4.WhatisHelengoingtodo?A.Buysomebooks

B.Studyinthelibrary.

C.Attendahistoryclass.5.Whatisthewoman’sfeelingnow?A.Relief

B.Regret.

C.Embarrassment.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisTombusydoing?A.Raisingmoney.B.Writingalabreport.C.Givingclassestochildren.7.WhomightbeabletohelpTomthisweek?A.Mike.

B.Cathy.

C.Jane.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhyisJackleavingearly?A.Toavoidgettingstuckintraffic.B.Toenjoythesceneryontheway.C.Tobuysomegiftsforhisfamily.9.WhatdoesJudyoftendoattherailwaystation?A.Readbooks.

B.Callsomefriends.

C.Lookaroundtheshops.10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.WhattodonextyearB.Wheretogoforvacations.C.Howtopassthewaitingtime.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhydoesBilllooktroubled?A.HeisshortofmoneyB.Hehasmadeabigmistake.C.Heisfacingatoughchoice.12.WhatisBillnow?A.Acollegestudent

B.Anarmyofficer.

C.Acomputerengineer.13.WhatdoesthewomanseemtosuggestBilldo?A.Learntorepaircars.B.Declinethejoboffer.C.Askhisuncleforadvice.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatisthewomanrecommendingtotheman?A.Awriter.

B.Aclub.

C.Acourse.15.Whatisthewomanreadingnow?A.TheBeautifulMind.

B.TheGreatGatsby.

C.TheKiteRunner.16.Howmuchtimedoesthemanhavetoreadthebook?A.Twoweeks.

B.Threeweeks.

C.Fourweeks.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Reportingastudy.

B.Chairingameeting.

C.Teachingaclass.18.Whatshouldyoupaymostattentiontowhentakingnotes?A.Listening

B.Reading.

C.Writing.19.Whatisanadvantageofusingsymbolsinnote-taking?A.Itkeepsinformationsecret.B.Itleavesspaceforfutureuse.C.Itmakeskeywordsnoticeable.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Askafewquestions.

B.Showsomenotes.

C.Makeasummary.【參考答案】1—5CABBA

6—10ABACC

11—15CABBC

16—20ACACB【錄音原文】(Text1)M:

Whowilljoinusfordinnertonight?W:

BobandCandy.IalsoinvitedMary,butsheisoutoftown.M:

Whatapity!Iwashopingshewouldcome.(Text2)M:

IfIwereyou,I’djustwalktowork.Itwouldtakeyouabout20minutes.Ridingabikeisagoodchoice,too.W:

Iagree.Butthisweekmyhusbandisawayonbusiness,soIhavetodrivemykidstoschoolbeforeIgotowork,andI’mpressedfortime,youknow.(Text3)W:

It’s8:30,Dave,andyou’regoingtobelateforthemeeting.

M:

Oh,my!Ijusthavehalfanhourleft.Ican’tbelieveIsleptfor10hours.(Text4)M:

Hi,Helen.Whereareyouoffto?W:

Tothelibrary.I’vegotahistorypaperduenextweek,andneedtodosomereading.(Text5)W:

Thankgoodness!You’restillhere.M:

What’sup?W:

Ineedyoursignatureforthisdocument.It’surgent.(Text6)W:

Areyouallalone,Tom?WhynotaskMiketohelpyoucollectmoneyfortheChildren’sCentre?M:

Well,heisworkingonhislabreport.Couldyoucome?W:

I’dloveto,butIwon’tbeavailableuntilnextweek.7IthinkCathywillhavesomefreetimethisweek.Doyouwantmetopassonamessage?M:

That’dbenice.Thanks,Jane.(Text7)W:

Areyouleavingfortherailwaystationnow,Jack?It’ssoearly.M:

Justavoidingtherushhourtraffic.Idon’twanttobelate.W:

Soyouhavetowaitforabouttwohours?Idon’tthinkthere’sscenerytolookat.M:

Don’tworry!I’lltakeabookwithme.W:

It’stoonoisytoreadintherailwaystation.Iwouldusuallylookaroundtheshopswhilewaitingforthetrain.M:

ButI’vealreadygotallthegiftsformyparentsandsisters.Idon’tneedtobuyanything.IfIreallycan’tfocusonthebook,ImayphoneupsomefriendsIhaven’ttalkedtoinawhile.W:

That’saniceidea.Bettytoldmelasttimethatsheoftenspendsthe

waitingtimewritingato-dolistsothatshe’dnotmissanythinginthedaystocome.M:

That’sanawesomeidea.I’llsurelydothat.Thankyou,Judy.Seeyounextyear.W:

Bye!(Text8)W:

Hi,Bill.Youlooktroubled.What’sthematter?M:

Hi,Grace.Ihaveabigdecisiontomake.Myuncleofferedmeajobastheleadengineerataservicestationandwithgoodpay.W:

That’swonderful,butareyougoingtoquitcollege?M:

That’sexactlytheproblem.Onesideofmesays,“Oh,goahead!Youcangobacktocollegeanytime.Whatjobcouldyougetaftercollegethatwouldpayyou$15anhour?That’s$30,000ayear!”W:

Andthen?M:

Andthen,theothersidesays,“Holdit,notsofast!Forallthoseyearsyouwereinthearmy,youplannedtogotocollegesothatyouwouldhavemanyjobpossibilitiestochoosefrom.You’veplannedyourwholelifearoundgoingtocollege.Andnow...”W:

Icanseeit.It’struethatwithyourexperienceinthearmy,youcoulddoexcellentworkrepairingcarsifyouacceptthejob.Butyouaredoingverywellnow.Justthinkofthefuture.Youwillgetbetterjobs.

(Text9)W:

Hey,John,canItalktoyouforaminute?M:

Sure,what’sup?W:

IwantedtoletyouknowaboutabookclubIjoinedafewmonthsago.Iknowyoudoalotofreading,soIthoughtyoumightwanttocomewithmenextmonth.M:

Oh,thatsoundslikefun.Whendoesthegroupmeet?W:

UsuallythelastSaturdayofthemonthat7:30intheevening.Isthattoolateforyou?M:

No,Ithinkthat’sOK.Whatdoyoutalkaboutinthegroup?W:

Well,everymonthwechooseanewbook,andthenduringthenextmeeting,wediscussit.M:

Whatbookshaveyouread?W:

Quitealot.Recentlywehaveread

TheBeautifulMind

and

TheGreatGatsby.Nowwe’rereading

TheKiteRunner.M:

TheKiteRunner?I’veheardthat’sagoodbook.What’sitabout?W:

It’saboutaboywhogrowsupinAfghanistanduringthe1980s.M:

Thatsoundsinteresting.I’dlovetocome.

W:

Great!Thenextmeetingwillbeheldintwoweeks,soyoustillhavetimetoreadthebook.(Text10)W:

Today,let’sbeginwithnote-takingtechniques.Note-takingisanimportantskillnotonlyfortakingclasses,butalsofordoingyourjobinthefuture.I’dliketodrawyourattentiontocertainpointsabouttakingnotes.First,rememberthatnote-takingshouldbe75%listeningandonly25%writing.Sodon’ttrytowritedowneverysinglewordtheteachersays.Ignorewhatisunimportantandwriteinphrasesnotcompletesentences.Second,leavespacesandlinesbetweenmainideas.Youmaywanttoaddsomeinformationlater.Ifindthatsomeofyouaregoodatmakinguseofcolor,mappingwebandsymbolssuchasarrows,circlesandboxes.Ihighlyrecommendthesetoolstoallofyou,becausetheuseofthemmakestheoutlinemoreeasilyreadableandinterestingthantheblocksoftext.Italsomakessurethatimportantwordsstandout.Herearesomeexamples...

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APaliOvernightAdventuresofferschildrenandteensexcitingexperiencesthissummer.Frombroadcastingtostreetart,thesearejust4ofthe17highlyuniquecampsbeingoffered.BroadcastingCampBecomethenextstarreporter,newswriter,directororproducer.Whilerunningeveryaspectofourownnewsstation,kidsandtheirfellowcamperswillcreateandhostabroadcastairingeachnightatdinnerfortheentirecamp.Everynightitgoesontheweb,keepingparentsandtheworldinformedofthehappeningsatPali.SecretAgentCampInthemovieMissionImpossible,TomCruisemadebeingasecretagentseemlikethecoolestjobever.Camperswhosignupforthe2-weeksecretagentcampcangettoknowaboutthelifeofrealsecretagentsbylearningstrategiesandmilitaryskillsonthepaintballfield.CulinaryCampIfyourchildenjoysbeinginthekitchen,thentheculinarycampisdefinitelytherightfit.Camperslearntechnicalskillsofroasting,fryingandcutting,aswellassomerecipesthattheycantakehomeandsharewiththeirfamilies.StreetArtCampThiscamptakescreativelicensetoanentirelynewlevel.Camperswillsharetheircolorfulideasandimaginationwitheachotherandworktogethertovisualize,sketchandpaintwithnon-traditionaltechniquestocreatethecoolestmuralwhichwillbedisplayedinpublicforalltosee.1.HowmanycampsdoesPaliOvernightAdventuresofferthissummer?A.2.

B.4.

C.17.

D.21.2.WhatwillcampersdoattheBroadcastingCamp?A.Createawebsite.

B.Runanewsstation.C.Meetastarreporter.

D.Holdadinnerparty.3.Whichcampwillattractchildrenwhoareinterestedincooking?A.BroadcastingCamp.

B.SecretAgentCamp.C.CulinaryCamp

D.StreetArtCamp.A篇[語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀]這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)不同類型的夏令營(yíng)的情況。1.C。直接信息題。根據(jù)第一段中Frombroadcastingtostreetart,thesearejust4ofthe17highlyuniquecampsbeingoffered可知從廣播到街頭藝術(shù)，這只是17個(gè)非常獨(dú)特的營(yíng)地中的4個(gè)。由此可知，今年夏天巴利島有17個(gè)露營(yíng)地。故選C項(xiàng)。2.B。直接信息題。根據(jù)BroadcastingCamp段中Whilerunningeveryaspectofourownnewsstation,kidsandtheirfellowcamperswillcreateandhostabroadcastairingeachnightatdinnerfortheentirecamp可知在經(jīng)營(yíng)好我們自己的新聞電臺(tái)的方方面面的同時(shí)，孩子們和他們的營(yíng)員們將在每天晚上的晚餐時(shí)，為整個(gè)夏令營(yíng)創(chuàng)作并主持一個(gè)廣播節(jié)目。由此可知，營(yíng)員在廣播營(yíng)會(huì)經(jīng)營(yíng)一家新聞電臺(tái)。故選B項(xiàng)。3.C。間接信息題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Ifyourchildenjoysbeinginthekitchen,thentheculinarycampisdefinitelytherightfit.Camperslearntechnicalskillsofroasting,fryingandcutting,aswellassomerecipesthattheycantakehomeandsharewiththeirfamilies可知如果你的孩子喜歡呆在廚房里，那么烹飪夏令營(yíng)絕對(duì)是最合適的選擇。露營(yíng)者學(xué)習(xí)烘焙、油炸和切菜的技術(shù)技能，以及一些他們可以帶回家和家人分享的食譜。由此可知，CulinaryCamp會(huì)吸引對(duì)烹飪感興趣的孩子。故選C項(xiàng)。overnight/???v??na?t/adj.

晚上的，一夜的；director/da??rekt?/n.

主任，主管；導(dǎo)演；aspect/??spekt/

n.

方面；方向；airing/?e?r??/

n.

通風(fēng)；晾干；節(jié)目；agent/?e?d??nt/n.

代理人，代理商（secretagent間諜；特務(wù)）；signupfor注冊(cè)，選課；報(bào)名參加；strategy/?str?t?d?i/

n.

戰(zhàn)略，策略；military/?m?l?tri/adj.

軍事的；culinary/?k?l?n?ri/adj.

烹飪的；roast/r??st/v.

烘，烤（肉等）；recipe/?res?pi/

n.

食譜；處方；BTheendoftheschoolyearwasinsightandspiritswerehigh.Iwasbackteachingafteranabsenceof15years,dealingwiththevariouskindsof“forbiddenfruit”thatcomeoutofbookbags.Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol.Idecidedtothinkupamethodofdealingwithforbiddenfruit.“Pleasebringthatpistoltome,”Isaid.“I’mgoingtoputitinmyGrandma’sBox.”“What’sthat?”theyasked.“It’salargewoodenchestfulloftoysformygrandchildren,”Ireplied,“Youdon’thavegrandchildren,”someonesaid.“Idon’tnow.”Ireplied.“ButsomedayIwill.WhenIdo,myboxwillbefullofwonderfulthingsforthem.”MyimaginaryGrandma’sBoxworkedlikemagicthatspring,andlater.Sometimes.studentswouldaskmetodescribeallthethingsIhadinit.ThenIwouldtrytorememberthedifferentpossessionsIsupposedlyhadtakenaway—sinceIseldomactuallykeptthem.Usually

theoffender

wouldappearattheendoftheday,andIwouldreturnthebelonging.The-yearswentby,andmyfirstgrandchildGordonwasborn.Isharedmyjoywiththatyear’sclass.Thensomeonesaid,“NowyoucanuseyourGrandma’sBox.”Fromthenoninsteadofcomingtoasktheirpossessionsback,thestudentswouldsay,“That’sokay.PutitinyourGrandma’sBoxforGordon.”Ilovedtalkingabouttheimaginarybox,notonlywithmystudentsbutalsowithmyownchildren.TheyenjoyedhearingaboutalltheforbiddenfruitIhadcollected.ThenoneChristmasIreceivedasurprisegift—alarge,beautifullymadewoodenchest.MysonBrucehadmademyGrandma’sBoxareality.4.

Whatwastheauthor’spurposeinhavingtheconversationwiththestudents?A.

Tocollectthewaterpistol.

B.

Totalkabouthergrandchildren.C.

Torecommendsometoys.

D.Toexplainherteachingmethod.5.

Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theoffender”inparagraph8referto?A

Thestudent’sparent.

B.

ThemakeroftheGrandma’sBox.C.

Theauthor’sgrandchild.

D.Theowneroftheforbiddenfruit.6.

WhatdidthestudentsdoaftertheylearnedaboutthebirthofGordon?A.

Theywenttoplaywiththebaby.

B.

TheyaskedtoseetheGrandma’sBox.C.

TheymadeapresentforGordon.

D.

Theystoppedaskingtheirtoysback.7.

Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A.

Sheenjoystellingjokes.

B.

Sheisastrictandsmartteacher.C.

Shelovesdoingwoodwork.

D.SheisaresponsiblegrandmotherB篇[語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀]這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講敘了作者為了收集學(xué)生們帶到學(xué)校的玩具，想出了一個(gè)“奶奶的盒子”的辦法。到后來(lái)，作者的第一個(gè)孫子出生，學(xué)生們也不再來(lái)要求歸還他們的財(cái)物了，作者也在某一年圣誕節(jié)收到了兒子制作的大木箱，將“奶奶的盒子”變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。4.A。動(dòng)作傾向題。根據(jù)第一段中Iwasbackteachingafteranabsenceof15years,dealingwiththevariouskindsof“forbiddenfruit”thatcomeoutofbookbags.Nowwasthespringofthewaterpistol（在缺席了15年之后，我又回到了教書的地方，處理從書包里掏出的各種各樣的“禁果”?，F(xiàn)在流行的是水槍）以及第三段中“Pleasebringthatpistoltome,”Isaid.“I’mgoingtoputitinmyGrandma’sBox.”（“請(qǐng)把那支水槍給我，”我說(shuō)?！蔽乙阉旁谖夷棠痰暮凶永铩！保┯纱丝芍?，作者與學(xué)生進(jìn)行對(duì)話的目的是收集水槍。故選A項(xiàng)。5.D。詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文Iwouldreturnthebelonging結(jié)合上文提到作者把學(xué)生帶到學(xué)校的玩具稱為“禁果”，且作者的“盒子”里裝的就是“好禁果”，所以作者等到這些禁果的擁有者在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)，然后就會(huì)歸還他們的物品。由此可知，劃線詞意思為“禁果的擁有者”。故選D項(xiàng)。6.D。直接信息題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Fromthenoninsteadofcomingtoasktheirpossessionsback,thestudentswouldsay,“That’sokay.PutitinyourGrandma’sBoxforGordon.”（從那時(shí)起，學(xué)生們不再來(lái)要求歸還他們的財(cái)物，而是說(shuō)：“沒(méi)關(guān)系。把它放在你奶奶給戈登的盒子”里），由此可知，學(xué)生們?cè)诘弥烁甑堑某錾螅麄儾辉偎饕婢?。故選D項(xiàng)。7.B。隱含意義推斷題。根據(jù)文章中作者要收集學(xué)生們從書包里掏出的各種各樣的“禁果”，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)待學(xué)生很嚴(yán)格；同時(shí)作者又想出了“奶奶的盒子”這個(gè)的方法來(lái)收集學(xué)生們的玩具，說(shuō)明作者很聰明，由此可推知，作者是一個(gè)嚴(yán)格而聰明的老師。故選B項(xiàng)。pistol/?p?stl/

n.

手槍；possession/p??ze?n/

n.

擁有；財(cái)產(chǎn)；woodwork

/?w?dw??k/

n.

木制品；thinkupamethod想出一個(gè)方法；imaginary/??m?d??n?ri/

adj.

虛構(gòu)的，假想的；chest/t?est/

n.

胸部；衣柜；箱子。CInMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.Thebridgewasclosedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpectedperhaps50,000peopletoshowup.Instead,asmanyas800,000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.Bythetime250,000wereonthebridge,engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviestloadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse,itwasbeginningtosway（晃動(dòng)）.Theauthoritiesclosedaccesstothebridgeandtensofthousandsofpeoplemadetheirwaybacktoland.Adisasterwasavoided.ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure,abookthatisatoncealovelettertoengineeringandapaean（贊歌）toitsbreakdowns.Itsauthor,Dr.HenryPetroski,haslongbeenwritingaboutdisasters.Inthisbook,heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttles（航天飛機(jī)）ChallengerandColumbia,andthesinkingoftheTitanic.Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagooddesignisconstructedwithlowqualitymaterialsincompetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworkssowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain,withseeminglyharmlessimprovements,until,suddenly,itdoesnotworkatallanymore.Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore,butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussionoftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem.“Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis,”Dr.Petroskiwrites.Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement.8.

WhathappenedtotheGoldenGateBridgeonits50thbirthday?A.

Itcarriedmoreweightthanitcould.B.

ItswayedviolentlyinastrongwindC

ItsroadwaywasdamagedbyvehiclesD.

Itsaccesswasblockedbymanypeople.9.

WhichofthefollowingisDr.Petroski’sideaaccordingtoparagraph3?A.

NodesigniswellreceivedeverywhereB.

Constructionismoreimportantthandesign.C.

NotalldisastersarecausedbyengineeringdesignD.

Improvementsonengineeringworksarenecessary.10.

Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A.

Failurecanleadtoprogress.

B.

SuccessresultsinoverconfidenceC.

Failureshouldbeavoided.

D.

Successcomesfromjointefforts.11.

Whatisthetext?A.

Anewsreport

B.Ashortstory.C.

Abookreview

D.Aresearcharticle.C篇[語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀]這是一篇議論文。主要講述了對(duì)彼得羅斯基博士的書《原諒設(shè)計(jì)：理解失敗》的評(píng)論，工程設(shè)計(jì)可能會(huì)因?yàn)槟承┰驇?lái)失敗，但失敗了才能帶來(lái)進(jìn)步。8.A。間接信息題。根據(jù)文章第一段InMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.Thebridgewasclosedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpectedperhaps50,000peopletoshowup.Instead,asmanyas800,000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.Bythetime250,000wereonthebridge,engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviestloadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse,itwasbeginningtosway可以看出，1987年5月，金門大橋舉行了一個(gè)50歲生日聚會(huì)。這座橋禁止機(jī)動(dòng)車通行，人們可以在橋上散步。組織者預(yù)計(jì)將有5萬(wàn)人到場(chǎng)。結(jié)果，多達(dá)80萬(wàn)人擠滿了通往大橋的道路。當(dāng)25萬(wàn)人在橋上時(shí)，工程師們注意到了一個(gè)可怕的現(xiàn)象：路面在被要求承載的最重荷載作用下變得平了。更糟的是，它開(kāi)始晃動(dòng)。因此可以看出，金門大橋50歲生日那天，它的重量超過(guò)了它的承受能力。故選A項(xiàng)。9.C。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第三段Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagooddesignisconstructedwithlowqualitymaterialsincompetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworkssowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain,withseeminglyharmlessimprovements,until,suddenly,itdoesnotworkatallanymore可知，雖然他承認(rèn)工程設(shè)計(jì)可能會(huì)因?yàn)槟切┫氤龌蛟O(shè)計(jì)它們的人只是把事情弄錯(cuò)了失敗，但在這本書中，彼得羅斯基博士拓寬了他的視野，考慮了這種失敗發(fā)生的更大背景。有時(shí)，由于一個(gè)好的設(shè)計(jì)是用不合格的低質(zhì)量材料建造的，所以裝置會(huì)失敗?；蛘撸粋€(gè)設(shè)計(jì)工作得如此好，以至于在其他地方一次又一次地被采用，似乎是無(wú)害的改進(jìn)，直到突然間，它完全不起作用了。因此可以推測(cè)出，不是所有的災(zāi)難都是由工程設(shè)計(jì)引起的是彼得羅斯基博士的想法。故選C項(xiàng)。10.A。直接信息題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement可知，失敗才能帶來(lái)進(jìn)步。因此可以看出，A項(xiàng)與此相呼應(yīng)，即失敗能帶來(lái)進(jìn)步，故選A項(xiàng)。11.C。文章出處題。根據(jù)文章第二段ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure,abookthatisatoncealovelettertoengineeringandapaean（贊歌）toitsbreakdowns可知，這個(gè)故事是《原諒設(shè)計(jì)：理解失敗》一書中的一個(gè)，這本書既是對(duì)工程的一封情書，也是對(duì)其崩潰的贊歌。并且后面兩段都在寫這本書里的內(nèi)容以及評(píng)價(jià)，再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore,butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussionoftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem可知，讀者不僅會(huì)遇到他們以前聽(tīng)過(guò)的故事，還會(huì)遇到一些新的故事和關(guān)于工程師對(duì)公眾的責(zé)任以及如何幫助年輕工程師掌握它們的動(dòng)人討論。再結(jié)合最后一段Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement可知，失敗才能帶來(lái)進(jìn)步。因此可以推測(cè)出，這些內(nèi)容都是關(guān)于這本書的評(píng)論，因?yàn)檫@篇文章是書評(píng)，故選C項(xiàng)。motortraffic汽車交通；showup露面；露出；揭露；flatten/'fl?tn/

v.

壓扁；violently/?va??l?ntli/

adv.

激烈地；厲害地；暴力地；vehicle/?vi??kl/

n.

車輛；工具；access/??kses/

n.

通道；進(jìn)入；機(jī)會(huì)；使用權(quán)；block/bl?k/

n.塊；街區(qū)；大廈；vt.阻塞；context/?k?ntekst/

n.

環(huán)境；上下文；背景；device

/d??va?s/n.

裝置；策略；圖案；計(jì)劃；construct

/k?n?str?kt/v.

建造，修建；quality

/?kw?l?ti/n.

質(zhì)量；incompetently

/?n?k?mp?t?ntli/

adv.

無(wú)能力地；engineering

/?end???n??r??/n.

工程，工程學(xué)；encounter

/?n?ka?nt?/v.

遭遇；邂逅。DRainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethatasinglebush（灌木叢）intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeofBritain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet-storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld’soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（樹冠層）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants’waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormal-andinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrain-yourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon’tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity（濕氣）oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.12.

Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?A.

Theyproduceoxygen.

B.Theycoveravastarea.C.

Theyarewellmanaged.

D.Theyarerichinwildlife.13.

Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?A.

Heavyrains

B.Bigtrees.C.

Smallplants.

D.Forestanimals.14.

Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?A.

Formoresunlight.

B.Formoregrowingspace.C.

Forself-protection.

D.Forthedetectionofinsects.15.

Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.

Life-GivingRainforests

B.TheLawoftheJungleC.

AnimalsintheAmazon

D.WeatherinRainforestsD篇[語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀]本文是說(shuō)明文。熱帶雨林被稱為“世界上最大的藥房”，因?yàn)槌^(guò)25%的現(xiàn)代藥物是由其植物提煉。熱帶雨林也享有“地球之肺”的美譽(yù)，其植物的光合作用凈化地球空氣，僅亞馬遜熱帶雨林產(chǎn)生的氧氣就占全球氧氣總量的1/3。12.D。直接信息題。根據(jù)第一段Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals得知，熱帶雨林蘊(yùn)藏了豐富多彩的藥用植物、食物以及鳥禽猛獸?？芍?，熱帶雨林有豐富的野生動(dòng)物，故選D項(xiàng)。13.B。直接信息題。根據(jù)第二段Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy（樹冠層）ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds得知，熱帶雨林有自己完美的生存體系，高大的樹木有枝干，樹葉的樹冠層保護(hù)樹木本身、小植物、動(dòng)物們免受大雨和太陽(yáng)強(qiáng)風(fēng)帶來(lái)的干燥熱浪的傷害?？芍?，大樹有助于熱帶雨林生存，故選B項(xiàng)。14.C。間接信息題。根據(jù)第三段Scientiststhinkthisistheplants’waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars得知，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這是植物阻止任何樹木疾病擴(kuò)散和讓比如毛毛蟲這種食用樹葉的昆蟲難以生存?？梢耘袛喑霾煌瑯淠镜臉淙~和樹枝避免彼此觸碰是為了自我保護(hù)，故選C項(xiàng)。15.A。主旨大意題。本文首先講述了熱帶雨林蘊(yùn)藏了豐富多彩的藥用植物、食物以及鳥禽猛獸。其次，熱帶雨林就是地球的肺——它吸納了大量的二氧化碳，并制造了全球氧氣的很大部分。然后，雨林可以自我形成所需降雨的75%，而龐大的熱帶雨林濕氣則可以形成雨云，這些雨云則可以飄往那些缺雨水的國(guó)家?？梢耘袛喑霰疚淖罴褬?biāo)題是“給予生命的熱帶雨林”，故選A項(xiàng)。medicinal/m??d?s?nl/

adj.

藥的；藥用的；rainforest/?re?nf?r?st/n.

（熱帶）雨林；vast/vɑ?st/adj.

廣闊的；巨大的；大量的；hectare/?hekte?/n.

公頃；intense

/?n?tens/adj.

強(qiáng)烈的；緊張的；detection/d??tek?n/n.

偵查，探測(cè)；發(fā)現(xiàn)；察覺(jué)。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TalkingwithyourdoctorTalkingfreelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare.Don’tbeafraidorembarrassedtodiscusssomethingthatisbotheringyou.____16____●Staypositive.Gotoyourdoctor’svisitswithagoodattitude.____17____Thinkteamwork!Thinkpositive!●Keeptrackofhowyouarefeeling.____18____Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutoanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptoms（癥狀）andhowmedicinesmakeyoufeel.Italsomakesiteasierforyoutobringupanythingthatyouareworriedabout.Makesuretobehonestabouthowyoufeelandhowlongyou’vefeltthatway.●____19____Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.Also,ifyouareallergic（過(guò)敏）toanymedicines,besuretomentionthattoyourdoctor.●Askquestions.Donotbeafraidtoaskyourdoctoranyquestionsyouhave.Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor’soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment.____20____Remember—there’snosuchthingasastupidquestion.Ifyoudon’tunderstandtheanswertoaquestion,askthedoctortoexplainitagainuntilyoudounderstand.A.Thiswillmakegettinganswerseasier.B.Herearesometipsfortalkingwithyourdoctor.C.Youcantalktoanotherdoctorifthetreatmentsdon’twork.D.Beforeyourdoctor’svisit,keepnotesonhowyouarefeeling.E.Remember,yourdoctorandothercaregiversareonyourside.F.Bringyourmedicalhistory,includingalistofyourcurrentmedicines.G.Writingdownwhatthedoctorsayswillhelpyourememberimportantinformation.[語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀]這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章講述了與醫(yī)生談話的幾個(gè)小建議。16.B?？疾檫^(guò)渡句。根據(jù)文章第一段Talkingfreelywithyourdoctorcanmakeyoufeelbetterandgivesyourdoctortheinformationsheorheneedstogiveyouthebestcare.Don’tbeafraidorembarrassedtodiscusssomethingthatisbotheringyou.可知，與你的醫(yī)生暢所欲言可以讓你感覺(jué)好些，并向你的醫(yī)生提供她或他需要的信息，以便為你提供最好的護(hù)理。不要害怕或?qū)擂蔚赜懻摾_你的事情。再結(jié)合下文為幾條具體的建議，所以選B項(xiàng)（這里有一些與你的醫(yī)生交談的小建議）為順承關(guān)系。17.E。考查細(xì)節(jié)句。根據(jù)空后teamwork!（團(tuán)隊(duì)合作）可知，選E項(xiàng)（記住，你的醫(yī)生和其他護(hù)理人員都站在你這邊）。18.D?？疾橹黝}句。根據(jù)標(biāo)題（記錄你的感受）及空后Thiswillmakeiteasierforyoutoanswerquestionsaboutyoursymptoms（癥狀）andhowmedicinesmakeyoufeel.Italsomakesiteasierforyoutobringupanythingthatyouareworriedabout.Makesuretobehonestabouthowyoufeelandhowlongyou’vefeltthatway可知，這將使你更容易回答關(guān)于你的癥狀和藥物讓你感覺(jué)如何的問(wèn)題。這也讓你更容易提出你擔(dān)心的任何事情。一定要誠(chéng)實(shí)地說(shuō)出你的感受，以及你這種感覺(jué)持續(xù)了多久。由此可知，這都是在講感受，故選D項(xiàng)（在你的醫(yī)生來(lái)之前，記下你的感受）。19.F?？疾闃?biāo)題句。根據(jù)文章Yourmedicalhistoryisalistofyourillnesses,treatments,whatthedoctorstoldyoutodo,andanythingelseyouthinkyourdoctorshouldknow.可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治療，醫(yī)生告訴你做什么，以及你認(rèn)為你的醫(yī)生應(yīng)該知道的任何事情的清單。故選F項(xiàng)（帶上你的病史，包括你目前的藥物清單）符合題意，相呼應(yīng)，故F。20.A?？疾檫^(guò)渡句。根據(jù)空前Donotbeafraidtoaskyourdoctoranyquestionsyouhave.Torememberallthequestionsyouhavewhenyouarenotinthedoctor’soffice,writethemdownandbringthelistwithyoutoyourappointment可知，不要害怕問(wèn)你的醫(yī)生你有的任何問(wèn)題。當(dāng)你不在醫(yī)生辦公室時(shí)，為了記住你的所有問(wèn)題，把它們寫下來(lái)，并帶著清單去你的預(yù)約。以及Remember—there’snosuchthingasastupidquestion.Ifyoudon’tunderstandtheanswertoaquestion,askthedoctortoexplainitagainuntilyoudounderstand可知，記住，沒(méi)有什么愚蠢的問(wèn)題。如果你不明白問(wèn)題的答案，請(qǐng)醫(yī)生再解釋一遍，直到你明白為止。因此中間缺少過(guò)渡句，A選項(xiàng)（這將使獲得答案更容易。）正好可以連接兩句。bother/?b?e?/

vt.

煩擾，打擾；caregiver/?ke?ɡ?v?r/

n.

照料者，護(hù)理者；看護(hù)者；teamwork團(tuán)隊(duì)合作；bringup提出；keepnoteson記下；keeptrackof記錄；list

/l?st/

n.

列表，清單，目錄；current/?k?r?nt/