新人教版高中英語必修第一冊學(xué)案1：Discovering Useful Structures

新人教版高中英語必修第一冊PAGEPAGE1DiscoveringUsefulStructures語法感知觀察并探究課文原句1．Therearemanyreasonspeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.2．ThatwasatimetheChinesepeopleweredividedgeographically.3．EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrytheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.4．ThesewereanimalbonesandshellssymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.自我歸納1．先行詞是表的名詞reason,why在從句中作狀語。2．先行詞是表的名詞time,when在從句中作狀語。3．先行詞是表的名詞country,where在從句中作狀語。4．先行詞是名詞bonesandshells,在which前加了介詞，構(gòu)成：(on,in...)＋(which)引導(dǎo)的定語從句。語法精析一、關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhich代替where地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich代替why原因原因狀語Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhich代替基本用法關(guān)系副詞起連接主句和從句的作用，又在從句中作狀語，when,where和why分別表示時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)和原因。1．when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語。常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。e．g.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplemakefunofothers.＝Aprilthefirstisthedayonwhichpeoplemakefunofothers.2．where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。?？捎蒳nwhich,onwhich,atwhich等取代。e．g.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.＝Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.3．whywhy在定語從句中作原因狀語?？捎胒orwhich代替。why不可引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，此時(shí)可用forwhich代替。e．g.Thisisthereasonwhyhewentaway.＝Thisisthereasonforwhichhewentaway.注意：不管先行詞表示的是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)還是原因，只要在從句中作主語、賓語或表語，引導(dǎo)詞就要用which或that。I’llneverforgetthedays(which/that)wespentinthesmallvillage.我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我們在那個(gè)小村莊度過的那些日子。(作賓語)Isthisthefarm(which/that)youvisitedlastweek?這是你們上周參觀過的那個(gè)農(nóng)場嗎？(作賓語)Theparkwhich/thatattractsthemostvisitorswillbeclosed.吸引參觀者最多的那個(gè)公園將要關(guān)閉了。(作主語)Thereason(which/that)heexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.他在會議上解釋的原因并不充分。(作賓語)二、“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的用法1．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān)系代詞通常用whose,which或whom，不用that。ThisisthepencilwithwhichIdrawpictures.這是我畫畫用的那支鉛筆。2．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的確定方法。關(guān)系代詞前介詞選擇三原則：一先，二動，三意義。(1)一先，即根據(jù)介詞與先行詞的搭配關(guān)系選擇。WewillneverforgetthedayonwhichtheearthquakehappenedinWenchuan.我們將永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記汶川發(fā)生地震的日子。(2)二動，即根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞與介詞的搭配關(guān)系選擇。Heisthemodelfromwhomweshouldlearn.他是我們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣。(3)三意義，即根據(jù)定語從句的意義來確定介詞。Lookatthebuildingoverwhichisflyingaredflag.It’swhereIwork.看那棟上面飄著紅旗的房子，這就是我上班的地方。3．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”前可有名詞、數(shù)詞或some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,one,few等代詞，構(gòu)成“名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞等＋介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。Herearethequestions,someofwhichIthoughtdifficultforyou.就是這些問題，其中一些我認(rèn)為對你來說太難。課堂達(dá)標(biāo)Ⅰ.找出下列各句中定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，并指出其功能1．Istillrememberthedayswestudiedinmiddleschool.(狀語)2．Istillrememberthedayswespentintheislandinourholidays.(賓語)3．Thefactorymyfatherworksisverybig.(狀語)4．Thefactoryisnearmyhomeisverybig.(主語)5．Thefactorywevisitedisverybig.(賓語)6．ThefactorynameisHDisverybig.(定語)Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空1．Air,whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.2．Thewitnesswhomthepolicemenreferredwaskilled.3．Idon’tknowthereasonwhichhewaslateforschool.Ⅲ.用“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”完成下列句子1．Tradingleathershoesisthebusiness(格林一家所致力于的)．(devote)2．Hehadalotoffriends,(沒有人會提供幫助)tohimwhenhewasintrouble.(offer)3．Therearetwobuildingsthere,(較大的那棟大約有)ahundredfeettall.(stand)

▁▃▅▇█參*考*答*案█▇▅▃▁語法感知觀察并探究課文原句1．why2．when3．where4．onwhich自我歸納1．原因；原因2．時(shí)間；時(shí)間3．地點(diǎn)；地點(diǎn)4．on；介詞；關(guān)系代詞課堂達(dá)標(biāo)Ⅰ.找出下列各句中定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，并指出其功能1．when2．whi