人教版(新教材)高中英語選修1Unit 1 People of Achievement課時(shí)作業(yè)4：Reading and thinking

人教版(新教材)高中英語選擇性必修第一冊(cè)PAGEPAGE1Unit1PeopleofAchievementReadingandthinking一、單詞拼寫1.be____(極其重要的)toone’slife2.________(學(xué)術(shù)的)career3.________(客觀的)fact4.a__________(堅(jiān)定的)andpatientscientist5.a______(至關(guān)重要的)newtreatment6.traditional________(植物學(xué)的)treatments7._______(有區(qū)別的)featuresfrom...8._______(分析)themedicaltexts9.________(科學(xué)的)research10.________(評(píng)價(jià))theresultoftheexperiment11.____(煮開)thewater12.theirmedical_________(特征)13.______approval(得到認(rèn)可)14._________________(承認(rèn)失敗)

15.__________opposite(明顯地相反)二、課文概要填空TuYouyou____________(被授予)theprizeforherresearchwhich_____(導(dǎo)致)thediscoveryofartemisinin.TuwasborninNingbo,andsheledaprojecttodiscoveranewtreatmentformalaria.________(因?yàn)?herpersistenceandinspiration,herteamgainedanoutstandingresultwhich____________(被認(rèn)為是)oneofthemostimportantcontributionstothedevelopmentofhuman.三、閱讀理解NATUREhasmanywaysofremindinguswhoisincharge.Hermostdeadlyweapons–bacteria,viruses,andparasites(寄生蟲)–claimmillionsofliveseveryyear.Butthankstothehardworkofgreatscientists,mankindcouldturnnatureagainstitself.AnditisforexactlythissortofworkthattheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesawardedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineonOct5.HalfoftheprizewasawardedtotheIrishWilliamCampbellandtheJapaneseSatoshiōmurafordiscoveringavermectin(阿維菌素),adrugthatkillstheparasiticwormsthatcauseriverblindnessandlymphaticfilariasis(象皮病).ChinesescientistTuYouyousharedtheotherhalfoftheprizefordevelopingArtemisinin,adrugthathelpskilltheparasitethatcausesmalaria.ōmuraisamicrobiologistbytraining.HestudiedStreptomycesbacteriatofindcompounds(化合物)thatworkagainstharmfulmicrobes(微生物).Campbell,workingintheUS,tookbacteriafoundbyōmuraandtookoutavermectin,whichiseffectiveagainstparasitesinfarmanimals.Animprovedtypeofavermectinwaslaterproducedforhumans,whichgreatlyreducedthecasesofriverblindnessandlymphaticfilariasis.Avermectincomesfrombacteria,butartemisinincomesfromplants.ItsdiscoverywastheresultofProject523,aChinesegovernmentprojecttofindanewmalariadruginthelate1960s.Malariaisamosquito-bornediseasecausedbyparasites,whichattackredbloodcells,causingfever,andsometimes,braindamageanddeath.Tuandherteammade380herbalextractsfrom2,000recipesfromtraditionalChinesemedicalbooks.In1971,aftermorethan190failures,Tu’steamfinallyfoundanextractthatwas100percenteffectiveagainstmalariaparasites.Itwascalledqinghaosu,laterrenamedartemisinin.In2001,theWorldHealthOrganizationnamedartemisininthefirstchoiceinthetreatmentofmalaria.Millionsofpeoplearestilltroubledbyinfectionscausedbyparasites.ButtheWHOsaidthatby2013,malariadeathshadfallenby47percentcomparedwith2000.Similarly,riverblindnessusedtobeoneoftheleadingcausesofpreventableblindness.Thesedays,doctorsaretalkingaboutchancesofwipingthediseaseoffEarth.AlloftheseachievementswouldnotbepossibleatallwithoutthedrugsthatCampbell,ōmuraandTuhelpedtodiscover.ThedrugTuYouyoudeveloped,artemisinin,hasproveneffectiveintreating______.A.riverblindnessB.malariaC.lymphaticfilariasisD.infectionscausedbyStreptomycesbacteria2.Avermectin,discoveredbyCampbellandōmura,comesfrom______.A.bacteriaB.plantsC.farmanimalsD.oceananimals3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthediscoveryofartemisinin?A.IttookTuandherteamabout10yearstodiscoverartemisinin.B.Tuandherteamachievedsuccessafterabout380failures.C.Artemisininhassavedmillionsofpeople’slivessinceitsdiscovery.D.Artemisininwasdiscoveredthankstotheeffortsofscientistsfromathomeandabroad.

〖〖答案〗〖解析〗〗一、單詞拼寫1.vital2.academic3.objective4.committed5.crucial6.botanical7.distinct8.analyse9.scientific10.evaluate11.boil12.properties13.obtain14.acknowledgedefeat15.apparently二、課文概要填空wasawarded;ledto;becauseof;wasregardedas三、閱讀理解1.〖答案〗B〖解析〗根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知。ChinesescientistTuYouyousharedtheotherhalfoftheprizefordevelopingArtemisinin,adrugthathelpskilltheparasitethatcauses