2021年上海市初三中考沖刺閱讀專題講義-首字母填空 (教師版)

英語學科講義首字母填空首字母填空

知識梳理：首字母填空專項訓練一、首字母填空解題技巧：1.通讀短文，了解大意；2.判斷句子成分；3.確定空格單詞詞性；4.聯系上下文，找線索，推測答案；5.通讀短文，檢查答案。注意語法問題；二、解題技巧詳解從句子成分角度分析一個句子一般由兩部分構成，即主語部分和謂語部分，這兩部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括賓語，定語，狀語，表語、同位語、補語等。對主語的判斷：做主語詞性主要為：名詞，代詞，動名詞。注意名詞單復數?！倦S堂測練1】TheI________bringsuscloserthanbefore.Doingsomer________beforethetestisnecessary.Threer________happenedyesterday.Buttodayalltherobbershavebeencaughtbythepolice.Thechildrenareallworkingintheclassroom.Someofthemarecleaningthewindowsando_______aresweepingthefloor.

此外，形容詞前加the也可作主語。eg:Thericharenotalwayshappy.句中therich指“有錢人”，因此可以作主語。對謂語的判斷：做謂語詞性主要為：動詞。注意時態(tài)的問題?！倦S堂測練2】Mymumalwayse________metobeabraveboywhenIwasyoung.ThiskindofnewmobilephonecostssomuchthatIcanhardlya________one.Knowingmorethanonelanguagei________yourknowledgeofothercultures.Thestudentsinourschoolalwaysc________aboutthefood.時態(tài):一般現在時：要考慮動詞的三單形式一般過去時：要考慮動詞的過去式現在進行時：考慮動詞的現在分詞形式現在完成時：要考慮動詞的過去分詞的形式對賓語的判斷:做賓語詞性主要為：主要為名詞，代詞，動名詞?！倦S堂測練3】Thedoctorsarebusyo________ontheseriouslyinjuredmanatthemoment.Ifyoufeelnervous,takeadeepb________andI'msureyou'llfeelbetter.Hehadtomakeac________betweenstudyinginShanghaiandgoingabroad.Ifyoumeetwithanyd________,youcanaskmeforhelp.對表語的判斷:做表語詞性主要為：形容詞，名詞,介詞短語。如果是動詞的適當形式作表語，動詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容詞比較級和最高級?！倦S堂測練4】Heisp________ofhisdaughter,forshealwaysgetsAgradesinallsubjects.Thesickmanisgettingw________.Maybehewilldiesoon.Suchcoldweatherisquiteu________inMayandpeoplehavetowearwarmclothesagain.Shewasa________abigprizeforherhardwork.對定語的判斷:做定語詞性主要為：形容詞，序數詞，介詞短語。如果是動詞的適當形式作定語，動詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式。注意形容詞比較級和最高級?！倦S堂測練5】I’vebeenusedtothec________weatherinLondon.ThevisittoChongmingIslandwasreallyu________,itleftusasweetmemory.That’sonlymyp________opinion.Everyoneiswelcometoshareyours.TheFrenchartistsaid,“Itismyf_______timetovisitShanghai.Ilovethiscitysomuch.”對狀語的判斷:做狀語詞性主要為：副詞，介詞。如果是動詞的適當形式作狀語，動詞必須改成todo,doing或done的形式?！倦S堂測練6】TheoldladycouldhardlybelievethatshehadgotthetravelpasstoHongKongsoe________.Sheremembereditwashard.IthoughtIwaswrong.A________,itisawisedecision.B________,youneedtomakeupastory.Canyouwriteyourownone?Asyouclimb,yourpartnerpullsyouclimbingropet________somethingcalleda

belaydevice

(繩索控制器).對連詞的判斷:并列連詞and,but,or,so,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,aswellas,both…and等連接并列的詞,詞組和句子;從屬連詞although/though/because/if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等連接從句。因此，首字母中一個句子中有從句的話，就考慮從屬連詞?！倦S堂測練7】Workharder,a________you’llmakegreatprogressinEnglish.Myjobistoprotecttheinnocentaswella________findtheguilty.A________WaltDisneymademanyofhismostfamousmoviesmanyyearsago,theyareaspopularnowastheywerewhenhemadethem.Youwillfailintheexamu________youstudyharderthanbefore.其他做題思路：依據習慣用法與固定搭配進行填詞：如:W________hishelp,theoldmanwassafe.Theboythankedhimverymuch.從句意我們就知道是“在他的幫助下”，withhishelp.依據語法知識進行填詞：如:Thesepeopleoftenhavethinwallswhichcan’ts________thenoisefromnextdoor.根據句意我們了解道墻壁很薄，所以不能阻止隔壁的噪音。根據中考詞組“stop…from”，所以填stop。依據常識的積累進行填詞：如:Butitwastoolate.Hisfriendwasveryangry.Mr.Whitesaidnothingbutonlyoneword“S________.”Mr.White遲到了，他的朋友很生氣，他什么都沒說，只說了一個字“S

.”我們根據常識肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.依據邏輯推理與句意理解進行填詞：如：OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtop________

hisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.根據句意，Mr.White高興地開著車去他的朋友家，然后一起去看電影，我們可以進行邏輯推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.參考答案：【隨堂測練1】1.Internet 2.revision 3.robberies 4.others【隨堂測練2】1.encouraged/enabled 2.afford 3.improves/increases 4.complain【隨堂測練3】1.operating 2.breath 3.choice 4.difficulty【隨堂測練4】1.proud 2.worse 3.unusual 4.awarded【隨堂測練5】1.changeable2.unforgettable3.personal 4.first【隨堂測練6】1.easily 2.Actually 3.Besides 4.through【隨堂測練7】1.and 2.as 3.Although 4.unless【隨堂測練8】81.behaviors82.includes 83.once 84.connected85.lonely 86.without 87.advantages三、通關秘籍：四、典型案例分析：2018年靜安區(qū)二模There’snoplacelikehomeSomepeopledreamofhavingahome‘justliketheonesindecoratingmagazines’.Thatsortofbeautifullystylishhomemayben81,butforatrulyspecialplacetolive,whynotchooseahomeunlikeanyotherintheneighbourhood?Theunique(獨一無二的)housesonthesepageschallengepeopletoreconsiderwhatahomeiss82tolooklike.Environmentallyfriendlyhomesaregettingalotofa83thesedays.Earthships,forexample,areunusualhomesmadefrommaterialslikemud,strawandreusedwood.Thedesignersofearthshipscombinethesenaturalmaterialswithrecycledi84,suchasbottles,cansandoldtyres.Thesehomesshowtheirbeliefthat,whenitcomestosavingtheenvironment,‘ifyouaren’tpartofthesolution,you’repartoftheproblem.’Additionallymanyofthesehomesusewindorsolarpower.Theyaredesignedtocollectandrecyclewater,andthepeoplewholiveinthemoftenaddagreenhouseinwhichtogrowfood.Asaresult,ifyouliveinanearthship,yourmonthlylivingcostswilld85toalmostzero.Forpeoplewhowanttotryoneout,thePhoenixEarthshipintheUSisavailableasholidayaccommodation(住宿).Shippingcontainersarenowbeingreusedtomakea86typeofenvironmentallyfriendlyhome.Anumberofarchitectshavestartedchangingindividualcontainersintoholidayhomes.Alternativelytheycanbecombinedtomakeofficeblocksandblocksofflats,suchasthoseContainerCityinLondon,England.Withalloftheexamplesofimaginativehomes,itisclearthatpeoplenolongerneedtosettleforordinarylivingspaces.Onethingissure:peoplelivinginhomesthatlookass87astheseneverhavetogiveanyonetheiraddress.Theycanjustsay,‘Lookfortheweirdhouse.Youwillknowitwhenyouseeit.’【答案】81.nice82.supposed83.attention84.items85.drop86.another87.strange【解析】根據句子分析知道該空詞性為形容詞，同時根據句子前面的短語“beautifullystylishhome”可以推測出這種漂亮設計的房子可能會很好，由此可以聯想到答案為：nice.本題可以根據語法推測出答案，besupposedto應該做某事的意思，再根據上下的意思聯系，可以推測出答案為：supposed。注意besupposedto為考綱新增詞匯，需要著重強調。根據句子分析知道該空詞性為名詞，再根據第一段中的短語“theunique(獨一無二的)houses”和“environmentallyfriendlyhomes”可以得知環(huán)保的房子是獨一無二的，獨一無二的東西必然會引起大家的關注，由此可以推測出答案為：attention。根據句子分析知道該空詞性為名詞，再根據“suchasbottles,cansandoldtyres.”可以推測舉例的是東西，由此可以推測出答案為：items。注意單復數。根據句子分析知道該空詞性為動詞，再根據句子“Additionallymanyofthesehomesusewindorsolarpower.”可以得知這樣的家可以用風和太陽能，由此可以推測出每個月的費用就會下降，因此答案為：drop。根據句子分析知道該空詞性可能為形容詞，再根據前面講的環(huán)保的房子是“earthships”，而現在“Shippingcontainers”被用來做環(huán)保的房子，由此可以得出是另一種類型的環(huán)保的房子，由此可以推測出答案為：another。根據句子分析知道該空詞性可能為形容詞,再根據后面的短語“weirdhouse”可以得知是奇怪的房子，由此可以推測出答案為：strange。強化練習：(基礎篇)2018年普陀區(qū)二模C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給)(14分)Whenchildrenplaygames,theydon’tneedareferee(裁判).Theyhavetheirownrulesinplayinggames.Theyseldomfinditnecessarytokeepscoresbecausetheydon’tworryaboutwhowinsorloses.Theyevendon’tc81ifthegameisnotfinished.Yet,theylikegamesthatdependalotonluck,sothattheira82arenotsoimportant.Theyalsoenjoygamesthatmoveinstagesinwhichtheychooseleadersandpickupsides.Grown-upsr83findchildren’sgamesexciting,andtheyoftenfeelpuzzledatwhytheirkidsplaysuchsimplegamesagainandagain.However,itisfoundthatachildplaysgamesforsomeimportantr84.Hecanbeagoodplayerwithouthavingtothinkwhetherheisapopularperson,andhecanfindhimselfbeingau85partnertosomeonewhoismorepopularinreallife.Whenitishisturntobetheleader,everyonefollowshisorders.Thismakeshimfeelmorec86.Itseemsthatwhenchildrenplayagame,theyi87asituationundertheircontrol.Unlikereallife,inthissituationtheymaketherulesthemselves,andmoreimportantly,everyoneplaysaccordingtotherules.Thoserulesmaybechildish,buttheymakesurethateverychildhasachancetowin.(2)2018年虹口區(qū)二模C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順。每空格限填一詞，首字母已給)(14分)TheriseoftheEmoji(表情符號)Happy,angry,amazed－thesearesomeoftheemotionsweliketoexpressthesedayswhenwe’resendingamessageonourmobilephones.We’realsousingthemasaquickwayoftellingsomeonehowwe’ref________(81).Yes,emojishavebecomeaveryimportanttoolforcommunication.Let’sclearonethingupfirst－thereareemojisandemoticons.Thelatterarelittleimageswhicharemadeusingnormalkeysonakeyboard.Forexample,acolon(冒號),twodots,followedbyaclosebracket(右括號)isa“smileyface”.Butastechnologyhasimproved,manyimageshavebeencreatedandtheycanbesimplya________(82)toyourmessages,whichisgreat!TheemojiwasfirstinventedinJapaninthelate1990sandtheword“emoji”comesfromtheJapanesewordsfor“picture”and“character”.Thenumberofdifferentimageshasgreatlyi________(83)sincethen.Nowwehaveapictureofeverymoodorsituation.Anothera________(84)ofemojisisthattheyareaninternationallanguage－theydon’tusewordbuttellamessageinpictorialformsotheycanbee________(85)translatedwhateveryournativelanguageis.However,theemojisyousendneedsomethoughtastheycansometimesbemisunderstood.Ifafriendsendsyouanemojiofahammer(錘),youmaythinkheisangrywhenreallyheiss________(86)hehashurt!ButasLinguistNeilCohnsays,“Tomany,emojisareanexcitingdevelopmentofthewaywecommunicate;toothers,theyarelinguisticdecline(語言的衰退).”Itshowsthereisalotmoretoourcommunicationthanwordsa________(87),butdoesthismeanthedeclineintraditionalwriting?(3)2018年長寧區(qū)二模C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給)(14分)IrelyalotonmyphonetohelpmewhenIstudyinAmerica.HerearesomeofthemostusefulappsIhaveusedbutneverpaidfor!CalendarAllphonescomewithaninbuiltcalendarapp.I’vefoundmyselfusingtheappquitealotrecently.Itisimportanttoknowyourdatewhenp81aweekendaway.ItisalsocomfortingtochecktheappwhenI’mfeelinghomesick–ithelpstoremindmethatIwillbehomesoon,soIshouldmakethemostofmytimea82.GoogleTranslateIt’sthatmomentwhenthewordisonthetipofyourtongue,butyoujustcan’tr83it!Don’tworry;GoogleTranslatecanlendyouahand!Justmakesureyoudouble-checkifyouaretranslatinglongertexts,asthesoftwaredoesmakesomeveryhumorousm84!GmailPersonally,IreallyliketheGmailappbecauseitautomaticallyputsemails,basedondifferentitems,intodifferentcategories.Theimportantmailgoesstraighttomyinbox(信箱),whilel85importantmailisputintoothercategories.HeadspaceAfteranexhaustingdayofwork,Ineededawaytohelpcalmandfocusmymind.ThisishowIfoundHeadspace.Signupforfreetotrysomeeasymeditations(冥想)–theyonlytaketenminutes.I’vefoundthemagreatwaytorelaxa86astressfulday.TripAdvisorWhenexploringanewtown,it’sgoodtoknowthebestplacestoeatandthemostinterestingattractionstosee.IalwaysturntoTripAdvisorforinformation.Here,youcanfindhotels,restaurantsandattractionswhicharel87togetherwithothervisitors’ratings(等級)andcomments.Itmakesitaloteasiertochooseagoodhotel.(4)2018年黃浦區(qū)二模C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）:（14分）Gradesareimportant,buttheyarenottheonlymeasure.Ihavecometounderstandthatexamgradesarenottheonlypurposeofschools,andgradesa81arenotenough.Studiesshowthatsomeofthehigh-flyingstudentshavetroubledlives,findingitdifficulttogetgoodjobsorbecomegreatparentsorpartners.A82graduation,studentscometorealizewhattheyhavelearnedatschoolhasnotreallypreparedthemforthenextstep.Increasingly,teachersaregettingtoknowtheideaof“l(fā)earningfromourfailures.”Ifyou’veneverfailedatanything,you’vecertainlynevert83anythingnew.Examgradesareimportantandweencourageallstudentstoaimhighandtodowell.Buttheydon’tm84success.IonceaskedmystudentstoconsiderthechefGordonRamsay,andhowhebecamesosuccessful.Theyweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveagoodperformanceatschoolandhedidn’ts85becomeagreatchef.Inaninterview,heexplainedthatheworkedlonghoursforverylittlemoney,learningeverythinghecould.Hetookchanceseveniftheyseemedi86.Hemademistakesbuthecheeredhimselfupandmovedforward.Hissuccessdidn’tcomefromgrades,itcamefromhischaracter:courage,effortandconfidence.Weshoulddevelopsocialskillsthroughthewholeschoolasanimportantp87oflearning.Thisiswhythereisafocusonperformance,sportandotheractivities.Theselifeskillswillworkhand-in-handwithknowledgetoenablestudentstodowellintheirfuturelife.81.care 82.abilities 83.rarely 84.reasons 85.useful86.confident87.imagine81.feeling 82.added 83.increased 84.advantage 85.easily86.saying 87.alone81.planning/preparing 82.abroad 83.remember/reach/recall84.mistakes 85.less 86.after 87.Listed(4)81.alone 82.After 83.tried 84.mean 85.suddenly86.impossible 87.part小結：課后作業(yè)：(提高篇)2020楊浦一模C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）ArareexperienceImaginethesituation.You’rewalkingdownthecrowdedhighstreetands___56___acompletestrangerstopsyouandsays,“Hi!YouwereonthebeachinthesouthofSpainsixyearsago.Howareyoudoing?”Thisstrangerisn’tnecessarilym___57___.Heorshemightbea“super-recogniser”.Thesearepeoplewhohavetheunusualabilitytorecognisepeopletheyhaveseenonlyonce--alongtimeago,maybeinacrowed.WhateverthedifferencesinlooksItdoesn’tmatterwhatthepersonlookslikenow.Peoplechange,getdifferenthairstyles,dyetheirhairorgogrey.Wrinkles,newglassesandmakeupsgivethemnewa___58___,butthe“super-recognisers”canstillrecognisethem.AninbornskillAlthoughscientistshaveknownforalongtimethatabout2%ofpeoplesufferfromface-blindness,whichmeansthattheyhavehugeproblemsrecognisingfaces,theyareonlynewrealisingthatsomepeoplearetheexacto___59___.Testshaveshownthata“super-recogniser”canidentifypeoplethattheyonlysawforabriefmoment--andthisisnotanabilitythatwecand____60____,it’ssomethingwearebornwith.Agreath___61___Thepolicearestartingtouse“super-recognisers”tospotcriminalfacesinvideosofcrowds.Theylookforpeoplewithaspecificbuildandfacialfeatureslikebeardsandmoustachesbuttheycanevenrecognisequiteo___62___people,withnonoticeablefeaturesatall.AswellassurprisingourholidaymakerinSpainsixyearslater,thisabilitycanbeusedforaverypracticalpurposeindeed.【答案】56.suddenly57.mad58.appearnaces59.opposite60.develop61.help62.ordinary【解析】本篇文章難度適中，主要講述什么是超級識別者，雖然以前見過一面，現在你的外形發(fā)生改變了，但是他們能讓能認出你，這是天生的技能，最后講述這一技能可以幫助警察指認罪犯。這種能力確實有非常實用的地方?！?6題詳解】句意：你走在擁擠的大街上，突然一個完全陌生的人讓你停下來并說：“嗨!六年前你在西班牙南部的海灘上”。根據句意可知，空處用副詞修飾整個句子。表示“突然有人讓你停下來”。suddenly突然，故答案為suddenly?！?7題詳解】句意：這個陌生人不是瘋了。根據空前系動詞is以及副詞necessary可知，空處用形容詞。mad瘋的，故答案為mad?！?8題詳解】句意：皺眉、新的眼鏡以及化妝給了他們新的外貌，但是這個超級識別者仍然能夠認出他們。根據空前形容詞new可知，空處用名詞，且根據Peoplechange,getdifferenthairstyles,dyetheirhairorgogrey“人們會變，會有不同的發(fā)型，會把頭發(fā)染成灰色”可知，表示的是新的外貌，appearance外貌，根據them可知，用復數，故答案為appearances。【59題詳解】句意：盡管科學家們很早就知道大約2%的人患有臉盲癥，這意味著他們在識別人臉方面有很大的困難，但他們只是剛剛意識到有些人恰恰相反。根據空前exact可知，空處用名詞，根據Testshaveshownthata“super-recogniser”canidentifypeoplethattheyonlysawforabriefmoment“測試表明，超級識別者可以識別那些他們只看了不一會兒的人”可知，表示“他們與臉盲癥的人完全相反”。opposite相反，故答案為opposite?！?0題詳解】句意：測試表明，超級識別者可以識別那些他們只看了不一會兒的人。這不是我們能夠培養(yǎng)的能力，這是我們天生具有的一些東西。根據空前can可知，空處用動詞原形，且根據it’ssomethingwearebornwith“這是我們天生具有的東西”可知，這種能力不能培養(yǎng)。develop培養(yǎng)，故答案為develop?！?1題詳解】句意：一個很大的幫助。根據空前great可知，空處用名詞。且根據Thepolicearestartingtouse“super-recognisers”tospotcriminalfacesinvideosofcrowds“警方開始用超級識別者在人群視頻中識別罪犯的面孔”可知，可以幫助警察識別罪犯，所以表示“很大的幫助”，help幫助，且根據空前a可知，用單數，故答案為help?！?2題詳解】句意：他們尋找的是有特定體型和面部特征的人，比如絡腮胡子和八字胡，但他們甚至可以識別根本沒有明顯特征的非常普通的人。根據空前quite以及空后people可知，空處用形容詞，且根據withnonoticeablefeaturesatall“一點也沒有值得注意的特征”可知，表示“普通的”。ordinary普通的，故答案為ordinary。2020閔行一模Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）Idon’tbelieveit!It’s11p.m.andI’mstillsittingherewritingthisarticlefortheschoolmagazine!I’vehadtwoweekstowriteitandmyteacherwantsittomorrow.She’salwaysc____56____thatIleavethingstothelastminute.Maybeshe’sright.Amonthago,Imadeupmymindtobemoreefficientthisyearandnottoleavethingtothelastminute.ButI’vefailed.I’vealsobeentryingtogetfitterforfourweeksnow.I’vestartedgoingtothegym.I’vetakenupkaratelessonsandI’vechangedmydiet.I’veevenbeengoingtobedearlier.ButI’mnotfeelinganyfitter.Ifeltjustalittleu____57____.Imissmybadhabits.Whyisleadingabetterlifesohard?I’vejustreadanarticleonawebsiteandI’vefoundoutthatitisn’tmyfault!Infact,itisn’tanyone’sfault!It’sourbrains.They’reprogrammed,therefore,itisdifficulttobreakbadhabits.There’snothingwecando.Scientistshavedoneexperimentsthatshowweuseonepartofourbrainwhenwethinkabouto____58____andanotherwhenwethinkaboutotherpeople.However,whenwethinkaboutthe‘futureus’,weusethepartofthebrainthatweusuallyusetothinkaboutotherpeople.Inotherwords,thebrainseesthe‘futureyou’asadifferentpersontoyour‘presentyou’.Andthat’swhywedon’talwaysfinditeasytomakesensibled____59____inthefuturewhenwefacedifficulties.Butthat’snotall.Scientistshavealsofoundoutthatittakesaroundtenweekstoformagoodhabit.Forexample,ifIwanttokeepfit,it’sgoingtotakemetenweekstogotothegymandthenitwillbecomeanautomaticpartofmylife.That’sbecausetenweeksistheamountoftimethebrainneedstochangeanda____60____newwaysofbehaviorasapartofeverydaylife.Thegoodnewsisthatonceyoumakeittotenweeks,everythingbecomesmucheasier.Thebadnewsisthattenweeksisareallylongtime,soit’seasytogiveupon（打消）yourgoodplans_____61_____Sothereyouare.Maybewewanttochangeourwaysandbecomebetterpeoplebutourbrainswon’tletus.oristhisjustane____62____?Look!I’vefinishedmyarticleontime.Anythingispossible!【答案】56.complaining57.unhappier58.ourselves59.decisions60.accept61.soon62.excuse【解析】這是一篇議論文，作者分析了習慣為什么不容易被改變?！?6題詳解】句意：她總是抱怨我把事情留到最后一刻。根據關鍵詞“always”以及句子“Ileavethingstothelastminute”把事情留到最后一刻?？芍偸窃诼裨刮业淖龇?。故此空格需要填寫complain，但是在句子中已有be動詞的形式，故答案為complaining?！?7題詳解】句意：我只是感覺有點不開心。根據“I’vealsobeentryingtogetfitterforfourweeksnow.I’vestartedgoingtothegym.I’vetakenupkaratelessonsandI’vechangedmydiet.I’veevenbeengoingtobedearlier.ButI’mnotfeelinganyfitter.”四周以來，我一直在努力變得更健康。我已經開始去健身房了。我上了空手道課，改變了飲食。我甚至更早就睡覺了，但是我感覺沒有什么改變?？芍约鹤隽四敲炊喽鴽]有變化而不高興。根據“ButI’mnotfeelinganyfitter”此句用到了比較級，故答案為unhappier?！?8題詳解】句意：當我們想到自己時，我們使用大腦的一部分，當我們想到別人時，我們使用另一部分。根據“However,whenwethinkaboutthe‘futureus’,weusethepartofthebrainthatweusuallyusetothinkaboutotherpeople.”然而，當我們想到“未來的我們”時，我們使用大腦中通常用來思考別人的部分。根據句子中的“otherpeople”，可推測出與空格中的詞是對應詞，應填“ourselves”。故答案為ourselves?！?9題詳解】句意：這就是為什么當我們面臨困難時，我們并不總是容易做出明智的決定的原因。根據“thebrainseesthe‘futureyou’asadifferentpersontoyour‘presentyou’.”大腦將“未來的你”視為與“現在的你”不同的人?？赏茰y，就因為這樣，我們并不總是容易做出明智的決定（makesensitivedecision）的原因。故答案為decisions?！?0題詳解】句意：那是因為，作為日常生活當中的一部分，十周是一定量的時間，需要我們的大腦改變和接受新行為的方式。根據“Scientistshavealsofoundoutthatittakesaroundtenweekstoformagoodhabit.”科學家還發(fā)現，形成一個好習慣需要大約十周的時間?？赏茰y：十周的時間是個考驗，是我們改變和接受新行為的時間。故答案為accept?！?1題詳解】句意：很快打消你的好計劃是很容易的。根據“Thebadnewsisthattenweeksisareallylongtime.”壞消息是，十周真的很長?？赏茰y到因為時間長，不容易堅持，我們的好計劃很快（soon）就被打消。故答案為soon?！?2題詳解】句意：也許我們想改變我們的方式，成為更好的人，但是我們的大腦不讓我們這樣做?；蛘哒f，這只是一個借口嗎？根據課文可知，不是大腦，而是我們的習慣阻止我們改變，說是大腦的原因，只是個借口。故答案為excuse。2020徐匯一模Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格內填入適當的詞，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給):Ifyouhaveeverhadtroubledoingthingsyoushoulddoorwouldliketodo,youhaveexperiencedprocrastination(拖延癥).Whenyouprocrastinate,insteadofworkingonimportantmeaningfultasks,youfindyourselfperformingmeaninglessactivities.Ifyouareaprocrastinator,perhapsyouspendlotsoftimewatchingTV,playingvideogames,checkingFacebook,eating,cleaningorwalkingbackandforththroughtheroom.Afterwards,youfeelpowerlessandhavethef___56___ofguiltandtrouble.Onceagain,youendupdoingnothing.Soundfamiliar?L___57___peopledon’tdoanythingandarejustfinewithit.Procrastinators,however,w