江蘇省南京市臨江高級中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期3月月考英語試題

高二年級月考試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacakeshop.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inahotel.2.Whatwillthemando?A.Uploadhisproposal.B.Workonhistask.C.Checkthewebconnection.3.Howdoesthemansound?A.Annoyed.B.Considerate.C.Confused.4.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$300.B.$290.C.$270.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Viewinganapartment.B.Arrangingamove.C.Sellingahouse.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendidthewomangettoknowabouttheshow?A.Whenshewasreadingatthelibrary.B.Whenshewasvisitingthemuseum.C.Whenshewasgoingdowntown.7.Whichworkofartcaughttheman’sattention?A.Astatue.B.Apainting.C.Abowl.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatwillPaulobeinchargeof?A.Callingtheprinters.B.Preparingfood&drinks.C.Contactingtheconferencehall.9.Whowillberesponsiblefortheinformationdesk?A.Leon.B.Amy.C.Jonah.10.WhywillAmycontactPaulolater?A.Todiscusstheconferenceschedule.B.Toupdatehimonherworkprogress.C.Toconfirmthenumberofattendees.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhathousesdidthewomanseeinVietnam?A.Rockhouses.B.Cavehouses.C.Bamboohouses.12.WhydidthehousesinTunisiaappearintheStarWarsfilms?A.Theylookunreal.B.TheyareRomanstyle.C.Theyaremadeofrock.13.WhywasthewomanamazedatthehousesinCappadocia?A.Theywerebuilthigh.B.Theyformed700yearsago.C.Theyarestillusedaspeople’shouses.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhyareMax’snaturedocumentariessuccessful?A.Theyareadvertisedaroundtheworld.B.Theyaretailoredtoviewers’tastes.C.Theyaretechnicallyperfect.15.WhatisthemostimportantthingforMaxbeforeafilmtrip?A.Formingaproductionteam.B.Preparinghimselfphysically.C.Studyingthetargetcreatures.16.WhatisthemostdifficultthingoffilmingunderwaterforMax?A.Wildlifeattacks.B.Equipmentdamage.C.Limitedunderwatertime.17.WhatdoesMaxkeepfilming?A.Sharks.B.Whales.C.Dolphins.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatistheadvantageofworkinginabookstore?A.Earningagoodine.B.Learningtorunstores.C.Gainingmunicationskills.19.Whatarestudentsadvisedtodowhenprovidingpetcareservices?A.Startabusinessofficefirst.B.Setalowerpriceatthebeginning.C.Researcheachcustomer’spreference.20.Whatisthespeaker’slastsuggestion?A.Knowingaboutmorefields.B.Workingasanofficeworker.C.Choosingmarketingasamajor.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)ATherearemanypodcasts(播客)thatteachEnglishandyoucanlistentothemanytime.Hereisalistofsomeofthebestpodcaststhatyoumustsee.LearnEnglishPodcastThispodcasthasthreelevels.Thefirstisforbeginners,thesecondisforintermediates(中級學(xué)生)andthethirdisforupperintermediates.IfapersonwantstolearnBusinessEnglish,thenepisodesarealsomadeforhim.Everypodcastisshortbutveryinformative.Worksheets(活頁練習(xí)題)andvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.SpeakingBroadlyThispodcastismadeforadvancedlearners.Explainedthroughdiscussionandinterviews,eachepisodehasnonnativeEnglishspeakersandeveryrecordingalsohasexpertfeedback.YouwillseesomemonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.TheEnglishWeSpeakThispodcastairsoneepisodedailyandeveryepisodeisonlythreetofourminutes,whichtalksaboutphrasesandidioms.Therearetwopeopleineachepisodewhomunicatewitheachother.Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewarding.ElementaryPodcastThispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.Thelengthofapodcastisaround25minutesbutyoucanpauseitanytimeandcontinuewheneveryouwant.Thehostsofeachepisodearedifferent.1.Whichpodcastprovidesexercisesgoingwithit?A.SpeakingBroadly. B.ElementaryPodcast.C.TheEnglishWeSpeak. D.LearnEnglishPodcast.2.WhatdoweknowaboutSpeakingBroadly?A.Itrecordsjustexpertspeakers. B.Ittargetsbeginners.C.Itpresentssometypicalmistakes. D.Itprovidesfeedbackfromlisteners.3.WhatdoTheEnglishWeSpeakandElementaryPodcasthaveinmon?A.Theyarebothinteractive. B.Theycaterforbeginners.C.Theyhavethesamelength. D.Theysharethesamecontents.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)幫助學(xué)習(xí)英語的播客?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LearnEnglishPodcast”下面的“Worksheets(活頁練習(xí)題)andvocabularytasksarealsoincluded.(還包括活頁練習(xí)題和詞匯任務(wù)。)”可知，LearnEnglishPodcast提供了活頁練習(xí)題和詞匯練習(xí)。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SpeakingBroadly”下面的“YouwillseesomemonmistakesmadebyEnglishlearnersandyoucanimproveyourEnglishbylearningfromthosemistakes.(你會看到英語學(xué)習(xí)者犯的一些常見錯(cuò)誤，你可以通過從這些錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)來提高你的英語水平。)”可知，該播客提供了英語學(xué)習(xí)者會常犯的錯(cuò)誤。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheEnglishWeSpeak”下面的“Whateverlevelyouare,youwillfinditrewarding.(無論你是什么水平，你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)它是有益的。)”和“ElementaryPodcast”下面的“Thispodcastismainlyforbeginnersandintermediatelevellearners.(該播客主要面向初學(xué)者和中級學(xué)習(xí)者。)”可知，二者都適合初學(xué)者。故選B。BWhenIboughtahouseinPortlandfouryearsago,Iimmediatelybegandesigningmydreamgarden,intendingtoremovetheweedsandplantsomevegetablesorlonglastingflowers.Isoondiscovered,however,thatthesoilwasunproductive,clayheavyandlitteredwithstones.Inprevious,muchtiniergardens,I’dfixitwithafewbagsofhighqualitysoilfromthenursery.Replacingthisvastlygreaterquantityofdirtwasneitherpracticalnorfinanciallypossible.Instead,Idecidedtoremediate(補(bǔ)救)whatIalreadyhad.Thechallengebeforemewastorevitalizethesoil.Twocoreprinciplesofmodernagriculturecanguidethisshift:minimizingsoildisturbanceandemphasizingbiodiversity.Inpractice,growingcropsbyturns,prioritizingorganicinputsoverchemicalfertilizers,integratingcrops,treesandlivestock,andshieldingsoilfrombeingwashedawaywithcovercrops,oftenwork.Itriedtoapplysuchmethodsinmygarden.Whereoncetherewasonlygrass,Icreatedapond,arockgarden,awildflowerfieldandraisedbedsforvegetables.Iletplantsgrowanddeposebythemselvesinanaturalway.Ialsointroduceddifferentplantsandreviveditsecologicalmunities.InMay,Idecidedtorelocateafloweringplant.AsIdugtheplantout,allmanneroflifeemerged.Earthwormsswungfromtheroots.Adaddylonglegshurriedforshelter.BelowtheplantIevennoticedthefinewhitelatticeofafungalmycelium.Runningmyfingersthroughthesoil,Iunderstood,moreclearlythaneverbefore,thatItransformedmuchmorethanmyyard—itpletelychangedthewayIthinkaboutsoil.It’snotsimplyasamediumforlife,butasalivingentity(個(gè)體)initsownright.Althoughsciencestilllacksanagreeddefinitionoflife,textbookshighlightcriteriawidelyconsideredtodifferentiatethelivingandnonliving.Soilmeetsmanyofthem:Ithasahighlyorganizedstructure.Ithasacapacityforactiveselfpreservation.Itgrows.Itbreathes.Anditcandie.4.Howdidtheauthorusetoimprovethesoil?A.Byaddingrichsoil. B.Bycoveringitwithbags.C.Byremovingtheweeds. D.Byapplyingchemicalfertilizer.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shielding”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Exposing. B.Separating. C.Sheltering. D.Monitoring.6.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph4?A.Toexplaintheprocessoftransplanting. B.Toillustratethepreventionofinsectattacks.C.Tostressthepetitionofdifferentspecies. D.Tostatetheformationofmultispeciesmunities.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSoulofSoil B.TheVitalityoftheWildC.TheArtofGardening D.TheWhisperofFlowers【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者四年前在波特蘭買房后打理花園，面對貧瘠土壤，采用現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)方法改良，最終對土壤有全新認(rèn)知的過程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inprevious,muchtiniergardens,I’dfixitwithafewbagsofhighqualitysoilfromthenursery.(以前，在那些小得多的花園里，我會用從苗圃買來的幾袋優(yōu)質(zhì)土壤來改良土壤)”可知，作者過去是通過添加優(yōu)質(zhì)土壤來改善土壤的，也就是添加肥沃的土壤。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Twocoreprinciplesofmodernagriculturecanguidethisshift:minimizingsoildisturbanceandemphasizingbiodiversity.Inpractice,growingcropsbyturns,prioritizingorganicinputsoverchemicalfertilizers,integratingcrops,treesandlivestock(現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的兩個(gè)核心原則可以指導(dǎo)這一轉(zhuǎn)變：盡量減少土壤擾動和強(qiáng)調(diào)生物多樣性。在實(shí)踐中，輪流種植作物；優(yōu)先使用有機(jī)肥料而非化肥；將農(nóng)作物、樹木以及家畜進(jìn)行整合)”和劃線詞后面“…soilfrombeingwashedawaywithcovercrops(用覆蓋作物來……土壤被沖走)”可知，這里說的是一些現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的原則及實(shí)踐方法，提到用覆蓋作物來防止土壤被沖走，劃線詞在此處應(yīng)是“保護(hù)、防護(hù)”的意思，與“Sheltering”意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“InMay,Idecidedtorelocateafloweringplant.AsIdugtheplantout,allmanneroflifeemerged.Earthwormsswungfromtheroots.Adaddylonglegshurriedforshelter.BelowtheplantIevennoticedthefinewhitelatticeofafungalmycelium.(五月的時(shí)候，我決定移栽一株開花植物。當(dāng)我把這株植物挖出來時(shí)，各種各樣的生物都冒了出來。蚯蚓在根部扭動著，一只長腳蜘蛛匆匆尋找藏身之處。在這株植物的下方，我甚至還看到了真菌菌絲體那細(xì)密的白色網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu))”可知，本段描述了作者在移栽開花植物時(shí)，看到了蚯蚓、長腳蜘蛛以及真菌菌絲體等各種各樣的生物出現(xiàn)，展現(xiàn)了多種生物共存的情況，目的是說明形成了多物種的群落。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thechallengebeforemewastorevitalizethesoil.(擺在我面前的挑戰(zhàn)是重振土壤)”和最后一段“Runningmyfingersthroughthesoil,Iunderstood,moreclearlythaneverbefore,thatItransformedmuchmorethanmyyard—itpletelychangedthewayIthinkaboutsoil.It’snotsimplyasamediumforlife,butasalivingentity(個(gè)體)initsownright.(我用手指穿過土壤，比以往任何時(shí)候都更清楚地意識到，我改變的不僅僅是我的院子——它完全改變了我對土壤的看法。它不僅僅是作為生命的媒介，而且本身就是一個(gè)有生命的實(shí)體)”可知，文章主要講述了作者打理花園改造土壤的過程，通過實(shí)踐對土壤有了新的認(rèn)識，認(rèn)為土壤不僅僅是生命的介質(zhì)，它本身就是一個(gè)有生命的個(gè)體，強(qiáng)調(diào)了土壤的重要性及獨(dú)特“生命力”，因此，A選項(xiàng)“土壤的靈魂”作為標(biāo)題最為合適，能夠概括文章的主旨。故選A項(xiàng)。CManyancientpopulationsusedinscriptions(銘文)todocumentdifferentpartsoftheirlives.Buttheobjectscontainingsuchinscriptionshavebeendamagedoverthecenturies.Theresearchers,ledbyAlphabet’sAIpanyDeepMind,developedanewAIbasedmethodwhichservesasatechnologicaltooltohelpresearchersrepairmissinginscriptionsandestimatethetrueoriginsoftherecords.TheycalltheirtoolIthaca.Thesystemisthefirstdeepneural(神經(jīng)的)networkthatcanrestorethemissingtextofdamagedinscriptions.TheresearcherssaidittrainedIthacaonthelargestcollectionofdatacontainingGreekinscriptionsfromthenonprofitPackardHumanitiesInstituteinCalifornia.Feedingthisdataintothesystemisdesignedtohelpthetoolusepastwritingstopredictmissinglettersandwordsindamagedinscriptions.Theresearchersreportedthatinexperimentswithdamagedwritings,Ithacawasabletocorrectlypredictmissinginscriptionelements62%ofthetime.Inaddition,thetoolwas71%correctinidentifyingwheretheinscriptionsfirstcamefrom.Andwhenhistoriansworkontheirown,thesuccessrateforrestoringdamagedinscriptionsisabout25%.ButwhenhumansteamedupwithIthacatoassistintheirwork,thesuccessratejumpedto72%.TheaSommerschieldfromCa’FoscariUniversityofVenicesaidthesystemhadalreadyprovidednewinformationtohelpresearchersreexamineimportantperiodsinGreekhistory.Inonecase,IthacaconfirmednewevidencepresentedbyhistoriansaboutthedatingofaseriesofimportantGreekdecrees(法令).Thedecreeswerefirstthoughttohavebeenwrittenbefore446/445BCE.Butthenewevidencesuggestedadateinthe420sBCE.Ithacapredictedadateof421BCE.ThedatechangemayseemsmallbutithassignificantimplicationsforourunderstandingofthepoliticalhistoryofClassicalAthens.TheteamiscurrentlyworkingonotherversionsofIthacatrainedonotherancientlanguages.DeepMindhaslaunchedafree,interactivetoolbasedonthesystemforusebyresearchers,educators,museumworkersandthepublic.8.WhatisthefunctionofIthaca?A.Restoringandidentifyingdamagedinscriptions.B.Interpretingandprotectinghistoricaldocuments.C.ExploringandtracingtheoriginsofGreekletters.D.CollectingandtranslatingpastwritingsintoEnglish.9.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph3mainlyindicate?A.Theinscriptionsareofgreatvaluetohuman.B.Ithacahelpsresearchersworkmoreeffectively.C.Thedemandforreadingancientrecordsisincreasing.D.Theprocessofrepairingdamagedwritingsisplicated.10.Whydoestheauthormentionthecaseinparagraph4?A.ToshowthelimitationsofIthaca. B.TosupportSommerschield’sstatement.C.ToexplainthehistoryofGreekdecrees. D.Toprovetheimportanceofdatestohistorians.11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheachievementsofGreekhistorians.B.ThedisappearanceofancientGreekculture.C.Arisingtrendofstudyingancientlanguages.D.AnAIsystemforrepairingmissingwritings.【答案】8.A9.B10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種AI系統(tǒng)，它可以幫助科學(xué)家修復(fù)和識別受損銘文的文字，了解歷史發(fā)展?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theresearchers,ledbyAlphabet’sAIpanyDeepMind,developedanewAIbasedmethodwhichservesasatechnologicaltooltohelpresearchersrepairmissinginscriptionsandestimatethetrueoriginsoftherecords.TheycalltheirtoolIthaca.Thesystemisthefirstdeepneural(神經(jīng)的)networkthatcanrestorethemissingtextofdamagedinscriptions.(由Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員開發(fā)了一種新的基于人工智能的方法，作為一種技術(shù)工具，幫助研究人員修復(fù)缺失的銘文，并判斷這些記錄的真實(shí)來源。他們稱他們的工具為Ithaca。該系統(tǒng)是第一個(gè)可以恢復(fù)受損銘文缺失文本的深度神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。)”可知，Ithaca是第一個(gè)可以復(fù)原受損銘文的缺失文本、識別銘文真實(shí)來源的深度神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，由此可知，Ithaca的主要作用是修復(fù)和識別損壞的銘文。故選A。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersreportedthatinexperimentswithdamagedwritings,Ithacawasabletocorrectlypredictmissinginscriptionelements62%ofthetime.Inaddition,thetoolwas71%correctinidentifyingwheretheinscriptionsfirstcamefrom.Andwhenhistoriansworkontheirown,thesuccessrateforrestoringdamagedinscriptionsisabout25%.ButwhenhumansteamedupwithIthacatoassistintheirwork,thesuccessratejumpedto72%.(研究人員報(bào)告說，在對損壞的文字進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，Ithaca能夠在62%的時(shí)間里正確預(yù)測缺失的銘文元素。此外，該工具在識別銘文最初來自何處方面的正確率為71%。當(dāng)歷史學(xué)家獨(dú)自工作時(shí)，修復(fù)受損銘文的成功率約為25%。但當(dāng)人類用Ithaca協(xié)助他們工作時(shí)，成功率躍升至72%。)”可知，歷史學(xué)家使用了Ithaca協(xié)助工作后，復(fù)原受損銘文文本的準(zhǔn)確率從25%提高到了72%，由此可知，第三段中數(shù)字表明Ithaca能幫助研究人員更有效地工作。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“TheaSommerschieldfromCa’FoscariUniversityofVenicesaidthesystemhadalreadyprovidednewinformationtohelpresearchersreexamineimportantperiodsinGreekhistory.Inonecase,IthacaconfirmednewevidencepresentedbyhistoriansaboutthedatingofaseriesofimportantGreekdecrees(法令).Thedecreeswerefirstthoughttohavebeenwrittenbefore446/445BCE.Butthenewevidencesuggestedadateinthe420sBCE.Ithacapredictedadateof421BCE.ThedatechangemayseemsmallbutithassignificantimplicationsforourunderstandingofthepoliticalhistoryofClassicalAthens.(威尼斯Ca’Foscari大學(xué)的TheaSommerschield說，該系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)提供了新的信息，幫助研究人員重新審視希臘歷史上的重要時(shí)期。在一個(gè)案例中，Ithaca證實(shí)了歷史學(xué)家提出的關(guān)于一系列重要希臘法令年代的新證據(jù)。這些法令最初被認(rèn)為是在公元前446/445年之前寫成的。但新的證據(jù)表明時(shí)間在公元前420年。Ithaca預(yù)言的日期是公元前421年。日期的變化可能看起來很小，但它對我們理解古典雅典的政治史具有重要意義。)”可知，該段第一句提到，學(xué)者Sommerschield說該系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)提供了新的信息，幫助研究人員重新審視希臘歷史上的重要時(shí)期，接著就給出了具體的示例來佐證，因此，此段中的案例是為了支持Sommerschield陳述的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Manyancientpopulationsusedinscriptions(銘文)todocumentdifferentpartsoftheirlives.Buttheobjectscontainingsuchinscriptionshavebeendamagedoverthecenturies.(許多古代居民使用銘文記錄他們生活的不同部分。但是，包含這些銘文的物品在幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來遭到了破壞。)”和第二段“Theresearchers,ledbyAlphabet’sAIpanyDeepMind,developedanewAIbasedmethodwhichservesasatechnologicaltooltohelpresearchersrepairmissinginscriptionsandestimatethetrueoriginsoftherecords.TheycalltheirtoolIthaca.(由Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究人員開發(fā)了一種新的基于人工智能的方法，作為一種技術(shù)工具，幫助研究人員修復(fù)缺失的銘文，并估計(jì)記錄的真實(shí)來源。他們稱他們的工具為Ithaca。)”以及下文對Ithaca的具體介紹，可知本文是介紹一種可以幫助科學(xué)家修復(fù)和識別受損銘文文字的AI系統(tǒng)——Ithaca，D選項(xiàng)“AnAIsystemforrepairingmissingwritings.(一種修復(fù)缺失文字的人工智能系統(tǒng)。)”能夠概括文章主旨。故選D。DOneofthemostdangerousinsectsyouneedtowatchoutforduringsummerismosquitoes.Butnomatterhowyoutrytoavoidthem,somepeoplenaturallyattractmosquitoesmorethanothers.Oneofthemostimportantfactstorememberisthatmosquitoestrackpeopledownbysmellandbodyodour(氣味),accordingtoBartKnols,PhD,abiologistdevotedtothestudyofmosquitoes.Thecarbondioxidepeoplebreatheout,alongwithchemicalsfromtheskin,createsan“odourplume”thatmosquitoescandetectfromuptoalmost100feetaway.“Eachpersongivesoffmorethan300chemicalsfromtheskin,morethan100inbreathingout,”Knolssays.Thespecificmixturesontheskinthatmosquitoesrespondtovarybyspecies.TheyellowfevermosquitoandAsiantigermosquito,forexample,respondwelltolacticacidfromskin.Africanmalariamosquitoesrespondtoamixoffattyacids,accordingtoKnols.Yourindividualmixturesandsmellsdeterminehowmuchofamosquitoattractionyouare,dependingonthemosquitospecies.Themixofchemicalsyouproduceareonlypartlyinyourcontrol.Thesechemicalsdependonyourgeneticmakeup,healthcondition,diet,skinpH,andsoon.“Bacteria(細(xì)菌)ontheskinbreakdownthemixturesthatwegiveoffthroughourpores(毛孔),andthesearetheattractivesmells,”Knolssays.“Soitisnotactuallywethatattractmosquitoes,butthebacteriaonourskin.”Althoughthisisaplexandpartlyunderstoodphenomenon,Knolssaysthatwedoallhaveauniquesmell.Therearemanyfolkstoriesaboutwhysomepeoplearemoreorlessattractivetomosquitoes.Somepeoplefalselythinkthebloodtypeisthecause,andothersbelievetakingvitaminBoreatinggarlicmakespeoplelessattractivetomosquitoes—butKnolsnotesthere’snoscientificdatabackingtheseclaims.12.Whatdowelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Mosquitoescandetectpeoplewithsmell. B.Nobodycanavoidmosquitoesanyway.C.Apersonbreathesoutover300chemicals. D.Peoplenaturallyattractmosquitoes.13.Whydoestheauthortakeseveralkindsofmosquitoesforexample?A.Topersuadereaderstoprotecttheenvironment.B.Towarnpeopleagainsttouchingmosquitoes.C.Toshowdifferentmosquitoesreacttomixtures.D.Tomakepeoplelookoutforpoisonousmosquitoes.14.WhatdrawsmosquitoesaccordingtoBartKnols?A.Chemicalsinthemouth. B.Mixturespeoplegiveoff.C.Smellsfromthepores. D.Bacteriaontheskin.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheScientificReasonYouAreaMosquitoAttractionB.FolkStoriesaboutHowMosquitoesAttackPeopleC.AttitudestowardMosquitoesDifferentPeopleHaveD.WaystoMakePeopleMoreandMoreAttractive【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了蚊子追蹤人們的嗅覺和體味，人的皮膚會產(chǎn)生很多不同的物質(zhì)，而不同的蚊子對皮膚的不同物質(zhì)反應(yīng)不同。12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Oneofthemostimportantfactstorememberisthatmosquitoestrackpeopledownbysmellandbodyodour(氣味),accordingtoBartKnols,PhD,abiologistdevotedtothestudyofmosquitoes.據(jù)專門研究蚊子的生物學(xué)家BartKnols博士說，要記住的最重要的事實(shí)之一是蚊子通過氣味和體味來追蹤人?？芍米涌梢酝ㄟ^氣味探測人。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的Thespecificmixturesontheskinthatmosquitoesrespondtovarybyspecies.蚊子對皮膚上的特定混合物有反應(yīng)，這種混合物因物種而異?？芍?，下文列舉黃熱病蚊子和亞洲虎蚊及非洲瘧疾蚊子是為了表明不同的蚊子對不同的混合物反應(yīng)不同。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Knolssays.“Soitisnotactuallywethatattractmosquitoes,butthebacteriaonourskin.”Knols說?！八詫?shí)際上吸引蚊子的不是我們自己，而是我們皮膚上的細(xì)菌。”可知，吸引蚊子的是皮膚上的細(xì)菌。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。文章介紹了蚊子追蹤人們的嗅覺和體味，人的皮膚會產(chǎn)生很多不同的物質(zhì)，而不同的蚊子對皮膚的不同物質(zhì)反應(yīng)不同。我們之所以吸引蚊子是因?yàn)槲覀兤つw上的細(xì)菌。因此，選項(xiàng)A“你吸引蚊子的科學(xué)原因”是本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Forpeoplewhoarenotselfdisciplined,theirlifeisfullofpain,andallpainesfromtheirowninability.____16____Sohowdoyouachieveselfdiscipline?Havecontroloverbody.Selfdisciplinedpeoplewillnotbesobad;thosewhocanloseweightsuccessfullyhavehighrequirementsforthemselves.Healthisthemostimportantfoundationofyourselfdiscipline.____17____Theyworkforonehourandchargeforeighthours,andtheefficiencyisextremelylow.Ifyoudon’thavetimetoexercise,youcanonlyspendtimeseeingadoctoraftertheredlightofyourphysicalcondition.Haveagoodsenseoftime.Themoreselfdisciplinedyouare,themoretimeyou’llhavetomanage.Apreciseschedulecansaveyoualotofunnecessarytimecosts.____18____Thebeautyoftimefrontallowsyoutousemorefreetimetoread,exercise,masteraskill,andseverelysurpassthepersonwhoisstillsleepinginbed.____19____Selfdisciplinedpeoplewillnotbewillingtostayinthefortzonebutwillkeepdevelopingtheirownnewfieldworldwiththementalityofgivingitatry.Choosingeaseandobeyinginstinct(本能)willbringthegameoflifetoadeadend.Andselfdisciplinemaynotalwaysletyouwin.____20____Ifyoudecidethatsufferingiswhatyoudeserve,thenthelightwillunavoidablyetoyouthesameway.A.Haveafeelingoffreshness.B.Butitwillneverletyoulose.C.Keepbreakingpersonalceiling.D.Peoplewhodonotworkoutarelikearedlight.E.Peoplewhodonotexercisearelikeanagingbattery.F.Aselfdisciplinedpersonlivesaparticularlyadvancedandfreelife.G.Inaddition,selfdisciplinedpeoplewillcreatetimeforthemselvesgetupearly.【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.C20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹自律的方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Forpeoplewhoarenotselfdisciplined,theirlifeisfullofpain,andallpainesfromtheirowninability.(對于不自律的人來說，他們的生活充滿了痛苦，所有的痛苦都來自于自己的無能。)”和下文“Sohowdoyouachieveselfdiscipline?(那么你如何做到自律呢？)”可知，文章接下來要闡述自律的方法，所以要有過渡句，引入自律的話題。選項(xiàng)F“一個(gè)自律的人過著特別高級和自由的生活?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xF。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theyworkforonehourandchargeforeighthours,andtheefficiencyisextremelylow.Ifyoudon’thavetimetoexercise,youcanonlyspendtimeseeingadoctoraftertheredlightofyourphysicalcondition.(他們工作一小時(shí)，充電八小時(shí)，效率極低。如果你沒有時(shí)間鍛煉，你只能在身體狀況出現(xiàn)紅燈后花時(shí)間去看醫(yī)生。)”可知，這里提到不鍛煉的情況。選項(xiàng)E“不鍛煉的人就像老化的電池?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xE。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Haveagoodsenseoftime.Themoreselfdisciplinedyouare,themoretimeyou’llhavetomanage.Apreciseschedulecansaveyoualotofunnecessarytimecosts.(有很好的時(shí)間感。你越自律，你需要管理的時(shí)間就越多。精確的時(shí)間表可以為您節(jié)省大量不必要的時(shí)間成本。)”可知，這一段主要闡述時(shí)間管理。選項(xiàng)G“此外，自律的人會為自己創(chuàng)造早起的時(shí)間。”和上文意思一致。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Selfdisciplinedpeoplewillnotbewillingtostayinthefortzone,butwillkeepdevelopingtheirownnewfieldworldwiththementalityofgivingitatry.(自律的人不會愿意待在舒適區(qū)，而是抱著試一試的心態(tài)，不斷開發(fā)自己的新領(lǐng)域。)”可知，這一段介紹自律就需要不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己。選項(xiàng)C“不斷打破個(gè)人最高限度?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Andselfdisciplinemaynotalwaysletyouwin.(自律未必總能讓你獲勝。)”和下文“Ifyoudecidethatsufferingiswhatyoudeserve,thenthelightwillunavoidablyetoyouthesameway.(如果你決定苦難是你應(yīng)得的，那么光明將不可避免地以同樣的方式來到你身邊。)”可知，這里講述雖然自律不會讓你一直贏，但最終還是會你贏。選項(xiàng)B“但它決不會讓你輸?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xB。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Fourthgrader,SarahHaycox,madeithermissiontorightawrong.Andindoingso,shehasshowntheworldwhatone___21___person,withpassion,cando.Oneday,when____22____byanathleticfieldnearherschool,Sarahnoticedasmall___23___withthenameEdwinT.Prattandtheyear19301969onit.She___24___whohewasandwhathedid.Aftersome___25___,shelearnedthathewasacivilrightsleaderwhohaddonemanygoodthingsto___26___others.Sadly,hewas___27___justbecausesomeonedisagreedwithwhathewasdoing.Feelingthatthesmallmemorialwas___28___bigenoughforamanwhohadsomuch___29___onothers,Sarah____30____todosomething!Therewasanew____31____goingupnearbyforyoungkids.Shefoundoutwhowere____32____thebuildingprojectandaskedthemifitcouldbenamedafterMr.Pratt.Throughgreatefforts,hervisioncametoreality!Almost50yearsafterhisdeath,EdwinPratt’slifeandimpactwillbecelebratedasthenameofthenewschool.MostkidssimplyhadwalkedbythememorialwithoutthinkingaboutwhoMr.Prattwas.ButSarahhadthe____33____tolearnmore,thevisiontoimaginesomethingbetterandthecourageto____34____heridea.Heramazingactionshave____35____manyotheryoungpeoplearoundtheworld.21.A.honest B.young C.clever D.shy22.A.walking B.running C.riding D.driving23.A.museum B.church C.board D.memorial24.A.forgot B.realized C.wondered D.explained25.A.discussion B.research C.practice D.thought26.A.teach B.rescue C.help D.repay27.A.killed B.punished C.blamed D.arrested28.A.rarely B.simply C.merely D.hardly29.A.impact B.impression C.reflection D.dependence30.A.stopped B.decided C.happened D.announced31A.library B.theatre C.school D.hospital32.A.inneedof B.insearchof C.infavourof D.inchargeof33.A.curiosity B.confidence C.chance D.energy34.A.prove B.change C.present D.pursue35.A.astonished B.inspired C.attracted D.protected【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.D35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了主人公Sarah通過自己的努力，讓一個(gè)已被人忘記的人權(quán)運(yùn)動領(lǐng)袖，重新被人紀(jì)念的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通過這樣做，她向世界展示了一個(gè)充滿激情的年輕人可以做到的事情。A.honest誠實(shí)的；B.young年輕的；C.clever聰明的；D.shy含羞的。上文提到“四年級的SarahHaycox”，由此可知應(yīng)是年輕人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，當(dāng)她走過學(xué)校附近的運(yùn)動場時(shí)。A.walking走；B.running跑；C.riding騎行；D.driving開車。根據(jù)最后一段第一行“MostkidssimplyhadwalkedbythememorialwithoutthinkingaboutwhoMr.Prattwas”可知，此處她是“走過”運(yùn)動場。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Sarah注意到一個(gè)小紀(jì)念碑，上面寫著EdwinT.Pratt的名字和19301969年的年份。A.museum博物館；B.church教堂；C.board董事會，木板；D.memorial紀(jì)念碑。根據(jù)最后一段第一行“MostkidssimplyhadwalkedbythememorialwithoutthinkingaboutwhoMr.Prattwas”可知，此處應(yīng)是她注意到的一個(gè)“小紀(jì)念碑”。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她想知道他是誰，他做了什么。A.forgot忘記；B.realized意識到；C.wondered想知道；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)第三段第一句話，她做了一些研究，最后知道了紀(jì)念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此處表示她“想知道”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一番調(diào)查，她得知他是一位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖，做過很多幫助他人好事。A.discussion討論B.research研究，調(diào)查；C.practice實(shí)踐；D.thought思考，認(rèn)為。依據(jù)后面她得知的結(jié)果，說明是在“研究，調(diào)查”后得知的。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一番調(diào)查，她得知他是一位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖，做過很多幫助他人的好事。A.teach教學(xué)；B.rescue營救，解救；C.help幫助；D.repay回報(bào)。根據(jù)上文可知，EdwinT.Pratt是一位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖。人們給他樹立了紀(jì)念碑，由此我們可知，他一定幫助過很多人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：可悲的是，他被殺只是因?yàn)橛腥瞬煌馑淖龇?。A.killed殺死；B.punished懲罰；C.blamed譴責(zé)，懲罰；D.arrested逮捕。劃線后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被殺害。人們對此為他立碑。故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得這個(gè)小小的紀(jì)念碑，對于一個(gè)對別人有如此大影響的人來說，幾乎不夠大。A.rarely罕見地；B.simply簡單地，僅僅；C.merely緊緊，只不過；D.hardly幾乎不，簡直不。根據(jù)上文可知，EdwinT.Pratt是一位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖，同時(shí)他為人民做了很多的事情。因此可知，一個(gè)小小的紀(jì)念碑是不夠的。另外根據(jù)后文可知，Sarah覺得紀(jì)念碑幾乎不夠大，所以她找了一個(gè)學(xué)校來以他命名。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得這個(gè)小小的紀(jì)念碑，對于一個(gè)對別人有如此大影響的人來說，幾乎不夠大。A.impact影響；B.impression印象；C.reflection反射，沉思；D.dependence依賴，依靠。前文提到了作為一位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖，他幫助了很多人。同時(shí)Sarah覺得一個(gè)小小的紀(jì)念碑是不夠的，是因?yàn)樗坝绊憽绷撕芏嗳恕９蔬xA項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Sarah決定做點(diǎn)什么!A.stopped停止；B.decided決定；C.happened發(fā)生；D.announced宣布。由下文可知Sarah為了紀(jì)念這位民權(quán)領(lǐng)袖，她找了一所愿意以EdwinT.Pratt命名的學(xué)校。因此可