定語從句II課件-初高中英語銜接語法復(fù)習(xí)專項

Grammar4

定語從句IILearningObjectives【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】：理解限制性和非限制性定語從句的定義與不同；理解“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句；掌握as引導(dǎo)定語從句時的用法。【學(xué)習(xí)重點】：運用掌握定語從句的特殊用法【學(xué)習(xí)難點】：理解“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句；掌握as引導(dǎo)定語從句時的用法。①Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacewhichwelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife ②Onthe1,100-kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,wholosthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces. ③Inthespring,aseasonwhenwearelearningnewrhythmsoflife,manyofusfindcomfortinthenaturalworld.④I'llneverforgetthedaywhichwespenttogether. ⑤I'llneverforgetthedaywhenwehadameeting. ________ 主語

主語狀語Review——畫出先行詞并寫出其在從句中所做成分

賓語狀語E.g.Iliveinthefarm__youvisited(vt.)lastweek.A.whatB.whenC.whichD.whereE.g.Iliveinthefarm__youworked(vi.)lastweek.A.whatB.whenC.whichD.whereC

不及物動詞vi：act,come,go,leave,study,work,last,grow,fall,cry,disappear,appear,smile,rise,ring,reduce,read,play,pass,open,close,live,look,listen.D

辨別限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句(1)(教材P52)Extinctions,whereentirespeciesarewipedout,arenotunusualinourEarth'shistory. 物種滅絕,即某個物種的完全消失,在地球的歷史上并不罕見。(2)(教材P52)Inthelast500millionyears,therehavebeenfivetimeswhenlifeonEarthhasalmostended. 在過去的五億年中,地球上出現(xiàn)過五次生物幾乎全部滅絕的情況。(3)Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth. 這就是我們上個月買的房子。(4)Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.這個房子非常好,是我們上個月買的。以上四個句子中,_______句是非限制性定語從句；_______句是限制性定語從句。1和42和3限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的不同區(qū)別限制性定從非限制性定從結(jié)構(gòu)無逗號與主句分開，口語中不停頓。有逗號與主句分開，口語中有停頓。1【典例1】用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空/完成句子(1)Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot_____itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.(2)Dr.Rowan,_____secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.(3)(2021·浙江卷1月)BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool__________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.(4)Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from________studentscanchooseforfree.(5)Thankyouforyourletter,__________reallymademehappy.(6)我父親雖然現(xiàn)在七十多歲了,但仍然十分熱愛騎行。Myfather,_________________________________,isstillakeencyclist.(7)一個五歲的男孩會說兩種外語,這讓在場的所有人都感到驚訝。Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,___________________________________________________．wherewhosethat/whichwhichwhichwhoisseventyyearsoldnowwhoisaluckychild【典例2】用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空/完成句子(1)Theman________iswalkingintheplaygroundismyoldfriend.(2)Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,_____madehisteacherangry.(3)Hehastwosons,________workinthesamecompany.(4)Doyouknowthereason________hewasn'tsuccessful(5)Thereisnosimpleranswer,______isoftenthecaseinscience.(6)面對困難時,只有那些自信的人才會取得成功。Whenfacinghardships,onlythose______________________willachievesuccess.(7)這位女士給她兒子樹立了一個好榜樣,她兒子真是個幸運的孩子。Thiswomanhassetagoodexampletoherson,_______________________．whowhichwhowhyaswhoareconfidentwhoisaluckychild2as引導(dǎo)定語從句時的用法1.as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句通常用于“thesame...as”和“such...as”結(jié)構(gòu)中。2．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前,主句之中,也可放在主句之后,用來修飾整個句子。通常用于asweknow/asisknowntoall/asweallcansee、asisoftenthecase、asmightbeimagined、asmightbeexpected、ashasbeenpointedout、ashasbeensaidbefore/above、asissaid、asisreported、asisannounced、asIexpect等句型。2.as與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時的區(qū)別：

aswhich指代引導(dǎo)從句只能指代整個主句的內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)從句既可指代整個主句的內(nèi)容，也可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前，之中或之后引導(dǎo)從句不能置于主句之前意義asisknowntoall眾所周知ashasbeensaidbefore

如前所說asisoftenthecase

情況常常如此ashasbeenpointedout

正如指出asoftenhappens

這情況常發(fā)生

翻譯成：這，那功能連接上下文，表達(dá)說話人的觀點、看法，并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處等引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個并列句1.________isannouncedintoday'snewspaper,wemustimproveourstyleofwork.2.Taiwan,_______weallknow,belongstoChina.3.Itrainedhardyesterday,whichpreventedmefromgoingtothepark.4.Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,_______isquiteunexpected.5.Thereisnosimpleanswer,______isoftenthecaseinscience.6.ThepresidentsayshehasapassionforChina,______heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.AsAswhichaswhich【典例4】完成句子(1)我們已經(jīng)找到了像他們工廠里用的那種材料。Wehavefoundsuchmaterials____________________________．(2)我和他有同樣的書。 Ihavethesamebook_________．(3)太陽可以使地球變得溫暖,這對我們很重要。ThesunheatstheEarth,_____________________________．(4)正如我們預(yù)料的那樣,她再婚了。 Shemarriedagain,______________________．a(chǎn)sareusedintheirfactoryashehaswhichisveryimportanttousasweexpected介詞＋關(guān)系代詞31.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”既能引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,又能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞指物時,關(guān)系代詞用which；先行詞指人時,關(guān)系代詞用whom；關(guān)系代詞whose與所修飾的名詞也可同時放在介詞之后。Eg.Thereare40studentsinourclass,mostofwhom

likeEnglishEg.Chinaisalargecountryinwhich

manydifferentdialectsarespoken.中國是一個講許多不同方言的大國。2.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的確定（1）根據(jù)定語從句中動詞、形容詞所需要的某種習(xí)慣搭配來確定。（2）根據(jù)與先行詞搭配的具體含義而定。（3）根據(jù)所表達(dá)的意思來確定。1.Inthedarkstreettherewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.

A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom

介詞to和定語從句中的turn構(gòu)成固定搭配turntosb.forhelp。D2.Thechildren,______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhatB.allofwhichC.allofthemD.allofwhom3.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthat

B.ofwhich

C.that

D.whichDB

①Manyyoungpeople,mostof_______were

well-educated,

headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.很多年輕人，他們中的大多數(shù)受到了良好的教育，都到偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)去追逐自己的夢想。②Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof______hasbeenproved.就人類為什么哭科學(xué)家提出來許多理論，但沒有一項理論得到證明。③.Itnowhas20,000/hectaresofland,morethantwo-thirdsof_____areundercultivation.whomwhichwhich【典例3】單句語法填空(1)（2024·廣東六校模擬）Accordingtotheinscription,afterthecompletionofthetemple,thelocalmedicineexpertmeetingwasorganisedhereon28AprilinmostyearsoftheQingDynasty,during

allkindsoftalentedpeopleperformed,andthevocalmusiclastedformorethantendays,saidWangJianping,anexpertinliteratureandhistoryofthecounty.(2)（2024·浙江嘉興二模）InPureTeahouses,peopledonothingbutdrinktea,mostof

areunoccupiedpersonsortheyoungfromtherichfamily.(3)（2024·山西大同三模）Itisthemostdifficultreforestationprojectrelatedtotheformercoalminesandstonequarriesintheareain

Zhenghasparticipated.whichwhomwhichIII訓(xùn)練檢測1.（2024·齊齊哈爾模擬）Despiteusingvariousmethodstopreventthewildpigsfromspoilingfarmlands,villagersinSichuanProvince,wheretheanimalshaverunwild,havehadlittlesuccess,ChinaNewsweekreportedin2021.2.（2024·湖北黃岡模擬）OnewasBaiJuyi,whorebuilttheWestLakeandmadeanewbanktobenefitthelocals.3.In2020,aresearchinstitutewhichstudiedtheculturebehindthisfolkbeliefinGuanYuwasfoundedinXiezhou,andeightgraduatestudentswerehired.4.（2024·福建龍巖一中模擬）Thepark,whosesizeexceeds（超過）1.4millionhectares,isthemostimportanthabitatforwildSiberiantigersandAmurleopardsinChina.5.（2024·湖南長沙一中模擬）China’smodernizationprocessoverthepastfourdecadeshascreatedanewcontextwherethereisapartnershipbetweentheancientandmodern,generatingsomethingnewandgenu