【北師大高一下】2021-2022學(xué)年云南省玉溪市高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2/2玉溪市2021—2022學(xué)年下學(xué)期高一年級(jí)教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、班級(jí)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，在規(guī)定的位置貼好條形碼。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面五段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.WhatisMr.Smith?A.Ateacher. B.Aworker. C.Anoffice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Alice,thereisaMr.Smithwaitingforyouinyourofficenow.M:That’sismyoldschoolmates.Heisnowworkinginahighschool,teachingEnglish.Iwillgoandmeethim.2.WhyTomcansucceed?A.Becauseofhistalent. B.Becauseofhisefforts. C.Becauseofhisschool.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Congratulations,Tom.Iheardthatyougotthefirstprizeinmathcompetitionofourschool.Youaretalentedformath.M:Thanks.IamreallyproudofthatbecauseIhadworkedhardforit.Myeffortsareworth.AndIshouldbegratefultomymathteacher.3.WhatdoesthemanlikebestontheSpringFestivalnow?A.Lightingfirecrackers. B.Gettingredpocket. C.Eatingtraditionalfood.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:WhatdoyoulikemostontheSpringFestival?IamcuriousaboutthisvitalChineseFestival.M:Mm,Iusedtolikelightingfirecrackers.Butnowthetraditionfadesaway.Myfavoritepartinthefestivalistogettheluckymoney.4.Whatdayisthedayaftertomorrow?A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Jimmy!Whatareyoudoingthisweekend?M:Hi,Amy.SomefriendsandIaregoingtothemuseumthedayaftertomorrow.Wouldliketojoinus?W:TodayisFriday,maybeIcan’t.Iwillgototheairporttopickupmyparents.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.TheGPSiswrong. B.TheGPSisnice. C.Hewentinthewrongdirection.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Slowdown!MaybeyourGPSiswrong!M:Well,Ithinkit’saprettygoodthing!Itcanreadthedatafromthesatellite!Itcannotmakeanymistakes.Wait,wait,andwait!I’msupposedtoturnleftbackthere.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。6.What’se-sports?A.Sportsplayedwithelectricity.B.Sportsplayedwithacomputer.C.Sportsplayedontheinternet.7.OnthisSundaymorning,whatwillLindado?A.Takeherviolinclass. B.Gotothee-sports. C.Playcomputergames.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Linda!Doyouhearthatthere’sane-sportsgamethisSundaymorning.W:No,Ididn’t!What’ree-sports?M:Well,e-sportsaresportsyouplaywithacomputer,likecomputergames.W:Thosearen’trealsports,arethey?M:Yes,theyare.Manypeopleplayandwatche-sports.I’vebeenwaitingforthiseventforalongtime.Wouldyouliketocomealong?W:Really?I’dloveto!Whereisit?M:It’sinthenewstadium.Whydon’tyoujoinusthisSaturdayafternoon?W:Oh,sorry.Ican’t.Ihavetomeetmyviolinteacher.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。8.Whatthemansuggestthewomantodotofeelrelaxed?A.Joggingandbeondiet. B.Joggingandtakearest. C.Joggingandeatsweetfood.9.Whywon’tthewomanfollowtheman’sadvice?A.Becausesheislosingweight.B.Becausesheisallergictosweetfood.C.Becausesheisnotfondofit.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Ifeelstressed.Ireallyneedtotakearest.Doyouknowanygoodwaytorelax?M:Yeah,actually.Igotthisinformationfromawebthatyoucoulddosomeexercises,likejogging.W:Jogging?M:Thatitis!Itisjoggingthatmakesyoufeelrelaxed.Andalsoyoucaneatsomefoodtoreduceyourstress,suchas,chocolate,cakes,andcookie.W:Oh!Thesekindsoffoodwillmakemeevenmorenervous,becauseIamondiet.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。10.Themanplannedtowatchthemovietogetherwith________.A.thewoman B.hisfriend C.hismother11.Thefilmtheyaretalkingaboutisa________movie.A.comedy B.horror C.fiction12.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Atthecafé. B.Atthecinema. C.Inthestreet.【答案】10.C11.C12.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Lily,nicetomeetyouhereinthecafé!W:Hi.John!M:Lily,Iknewthatyouhadwatchedthenewmoviewithyourfriends.Iintendtowatchit,butIhavetoknowwhetheritisworthornot?W:Oh,Ithinkyouwillnotlikeit,becauseitisnotasscaryasyouwantittobe.M:Yes,horrorfilmismyfavorite,howeverthistimeIwillwatchittogetherwithmymum.Sowhatisthemovieabout?W:It’saboutgoodandevilrobotsfromthefarfuture.Theyfightagainsteachotherandeventuallythegoodoneswin.Inclosing,itisjustsuitableforouryoungpeople.Maybeyourmotherwon’tlikeit.M:Thankyou!Isee.Iwillchooseanothermovie.Mymotherlikescomedy.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題。13.WangYapingwasbornin________.A.1985 B.1995 C.197514.Itis________tobeanastronaut.A.changeable B.easy C.tough15.Ifyouwanttobeanastronaut,youneedtostudyatleast________.A.English,mathandastronomy.B.English,scienceandastronomy.C.English,physicsandastronomy.16.WangYapingthinksherjobis________.A.dullbutexciting B.tiresomebutinteresting C.tiringbutthrilling【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.B【解析】【原文】M:TodayweareverypleasedtochatwithWangYaping,a37-years-oldwomanastronautfromChinawhoisthefirstChina’steacherinspace.Welcometoourshow,Miss.Wang.W:Thankyou.M:MissWang,weareverycuriousabouthowyoubecameawomanastronaut?W:Ittookalongtime.First,youneedtogetacollegedegree,andthenyoudohavesomeflyingexperience.Forme,IusedtobeapilotinthePeople’sLiberationAmyAirForce(空軍)withexperienceof1,600hoursofflying.Andyoualsoneedtodoalotofmentalandphysicaltraining.M:Thatsoundsreallychallenging.Doyoualsohavetobeacertainsizeandweight?W:Yes,atthetime,youneedtobeshorterthan172centimetersinheightandweighlessthan70kilograms.Youalsohavetobeinperfecthealthandperfectshape.M：Iknow,youalsohavetolearnalottoo,right?W:Yes.WehavetolearnEnglish,science,andastronomy,Tiringbutinteresting!聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Wheredoesthespeechprobablytakeplace?A.InaTVstation. B.Ontheinternet. C.Ontheradio.18.Howmanysuggestionsdoesthespeakergivetotheaudience?A.3. B.4. C.5.19.Whicharenotmentionedasasecurityonthesocialnetworkingapps?A.Don’tgiveouttoomuchprivateinformation.B.usesecurepasswordsanddon’tusepubliccomputers.C.addasmanyaspersonstothelistofyourfriends.20.Youcanshareyourideas________.A.ontheInternet B.throughthehotline C.ontheWeChatContents【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.B【解析】【原文】WelcometoourTVshow!TodayourtopicishowtoStaySafeonSocialNetworkingApps.Recently,somepeopleliketosharedetailsoftheirlivesonWeChatMoments.Ithinkitwillcausesomesafetyproblems.TodayI’mgoingtodiscussaquestion—howdoyoustaysafeonsocialnetworkingapps?Herearesomesuggestionsforyou.Firstofall,protectyourprivacy.Don’tgiveouttoomuchprivateinformation,suchasyouraddress,phonenumbers,theIDnumbersandsoon.Besides,usesecurepasswordsanddon’tusepubliccomputers.Bydoingthis,itwillkeepyouraccountandpersonalinformationsafe.Lastbutnotleast,don’taddstrangerstothelistofyourfriends,becausetheymaybringsometroublestoyou.Doyouhavesomeadviceforstayingsafeonsocialnetworkingapps?Welcometoshareyouropinionswithourhotline.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AHowtheWorld’sGreatestCitiesGotTheirNicknamesWhenyouthinkoftheworld’sgreatestcities,London,ParisandNewYorkCityprobablycometomind.Thesemuch-lovedcitiesalsohavefamousnicknames.Doyouknowwhattheyareandwheretheycomefrom?London:TheBigSmoke“TheBigSmoke”wasapopularnicknameusedbyvisitorstoLondoninthe19thand20thcenturies.Astheytraveledintothecity,theysawitthroughsmogcausedbycoalburninginfactoriesandhomes.Thesmokepollutiongotsobadthatitkilledthousandsofpeopleoverfivedaysin1952—aneventthatwascalledtheGreatSmogofLondon.ItledtothegovernmentcreatingtheCleanAirAct1956,butevenwithcleanerair,thenicknamestayed.“TheBigSmoke”cannowalsosometimesbeusedtorefertoanylargecity.Paris:TheCityofLoveWecan’tbesurewhenpeoplestartedcallingParis“TheCityofLove.”ButmanypeoplethinkofFrenchas“thelanguageoflove,”andbooks,music,moviesandartalllovetoshowusthatParisiswhereromancecanbefound.JustthinkoffilmslikeMidnightinParis,FrenchKissandAudreyHepburn’sLoveintheAfternoon,orfamouslovesongslikeédithPiaf’s“LaVieenRose,”fromher1950albumChansonsParisiennes—orParisianSongs.NewYorkCity:TheBigAppleThemostfamousnicknameforNewYorkCityisprobably“TheBigApple.”It’sbelievedtohavebecomepopularinthe1920s,whensportswriterJohnJ.FitzGeraldstartedwritingarticlesabouthorseracingcalled“AroundtheBigApple”—anamehehadheardstableworkersuseforthecity’sracecourses.However,itwasn’tuntilatourismcampaigninthe1970sthatthenicknamebecamereallywellknownasanameforthewholecity.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthiskindofinterestinginformation,pleaseclickhere:.21.Whichcitygotitsnicknamebecauseofanaccident?A.London. B.Paris. C.NewYork. D.Anylargecity.22.Ifyouarearomanticperson,whichcitywilllikebest?A.TheBigApple. B.TheCityofLove. C.TheBigSmoke. D.TheRedRose.23.Wherecanwereadthispassage?A.Inanewspaper. B.OntheInternet. C.Inabrochure. D.Inanadvertisement.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了倫敦、巴黎和紐約三個(gè)城市別稱(chēng)的來(lái)歷。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)London:TheBigSmoke部分的“Thesmokepollutiongotsobadthatitkilledthousandsofpeopleoverfivedaysin1952——aneventthatwascalledtheGreatSmogofLondon.ItledtothegovernmentcreatingtheCleanAirAct1956,butevenwithcleanerair,thenicknamestayed.(煙霧污染變得如此嚴(yán)重，在1952年的5天內(nèi)造成數(shù)千上萬(wàn)的人死亡——一個(gè)被稱(chēng)為倫敦大霧霾的事件。它導(dǎo)致了政府在1956年創(chuàng)建了清潔空氣法案，但即使空氣更清新，這個(gè)綽號(hào)仍然存在。)”可知London的別稱(chēng)來(lái)自一次煙霧污染事件。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Paris:TheCityofLove部分“Wecan’tbesurewhenpeoplestartedcallingParis“TheCityofLove.”ButmanypeoplethinkofFrenchas“thelanguageoflove,”andbooks,music,moviesandartalllovetoshowusthatParisiswhereromancecanbefound.(我們不能確定什么時(shí)候人們開(kāi)始稱(chēng)巴黎為“愛(ài)之城”的。但很多人認(rèn)為法語(yǔ)是“愛(ài)的語(yǔ)言”，書(shū)籍、音樂(lè)、電影和藝術(shù)都喜歡向我們展示巴黎是可以找到浪漫的地方。)”可知如果你是一個(gè)浪漫的人，你有可能會(huì)最喜歡巴黎。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthiskindofinterestinginformation,pleaseclickhere:.(如果你想知道更多關(guān)于這類(lèi)有趣的信息，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊這里：。)”推知文章來(lái)自網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選B項(xiàng)。BDutch“JoggerJo”breaksover-70srecordonhis75thsub-three-hourmarathonAt70whenmanyofpeoplearewindingdown,JoSchoonbroodtissomehowspeedingup.OnSunday,Schoonbroodt,a71-year-oldfromMaastricht,ranamarathoninastaggering2hours54minutesand19secondstobecomethefastestseptuagenarian(七十至八十歲的)inhistory.“Ionlystartedjoggingat36becausemydoctortoldmeIhadhighcholesterol,”hesays.Withafewmilesremaining,heknewhewasjustaheadofthepreviousbest,setbyGeneDykesin2018,becauseafriendwasfollowinghimonhisbikeandbarkingouthislaptimes.Buthislegswerestartingtogetheavier.“However,myfriendhadaspecialtricktokeepmeontrack,”saidSchoonbroodt,“HeputEddyWally’ssongChérie,Chérieonhisphoneonrepeat.I’vealwayslovedit.Itgavemeaboost.Iovertookonerunnerafteranotherand,despitegettingcrampinthefinal500meters,Iwasabletobreaktherecordbyfourseconds.”Schoonbroodtoftenrunsatnineor10-minutemilepace,farslowerthanthe6:38-minutemilesheranfor26.2milestosethisworldrecord,buthesaysthekeythingishelistenstohisbody.“Alotofpeoplefollowatrainingplanorcoachandpushonevenwhentheirbodyissaying:‘No,thisisnotagooddaytodoit,’”hesays.“thekeythingishelistenstohisbody”.Beingalatebloomer,hebelieves,hasactuallyhelpedhimbecausehehimselfneverhadtoworryaboutchasingfastertimesofhisyouth.WhileSchoonbrodt’sachievementsareexceptional,heisnottheonlyoldmastertodefyconventionalwisdom.Whatmightexplainthisphenomenon?JohnBrewer,asportsscientistattheUniversityoftheWestofScotland,pointsout.“Comparedto40yearsago,theadvancesinnutrition,recoveryandtechnologyallmeanthatitismorepossibleforpeopleintheir60sand70stoproducegoodperformanceiftheyfollowtherighttraining,”hesaid.24.WhydidJobeginhisjoggingattheageof36?A.Becausehewantedtobreakthejoggingrecord.B.Becausehehassomeproblemwithhishealth.C.Becausehisfriendencouragedhimtorun.D.Becausehewantedtobecomealatebloomer.25.Whatdoestheunderlineword“boost”mean?A.help. B.Favor. C.Growth. D.Promotion.26.Schoonbroodtbelieves________.A.thatfollowyourdoctor’sadviceandyoucansucceed.B.thatfollowyourcoach’sadviceandyoucansucceed.C.thatfollowyourdetailedplanandyoucansucceed.D.thatfollowyourbodyandyourfeelingandyoucansucceed.27.What’stheJohnBrewer’sattitudetoseniors’jogging?A.Supportive. B.Doubt. C.Indifferent. D.Negative.【答案】24.B25.D26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述了71歲老人Jo堅(jiān)持跑步的勵(lì)志故事?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Ionlystartedjoggingat36becausemydoctortoldmeIhadhighcholesterol,”(“我36歲才開(kāi)始慢跑，因?yàn)槲业尼t(yī)生告訴我，我的膽固醇很高?！?”可知Jo是因?yàn)槟懝檀几卟砰_(kāi)始跑步，也就是身體出問(wèn)題了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段““HeputEddyWally’ssongChérie,Chérieonhisphoneonrepeat.I’vealwayslovedit.Itgavemeaboost.Iovertookonerunnerafteranotherand,despitegettingcrampinthefinal500meters,Iwasabletobreaktherecordbyfourseconds.”(“他把艾迪·沃莉的歌《切麗，切麗》放在手機(jī)里重復(fù)播放。我一直都很喜歡。這給了我boost。我超過(guò)了一個(gè)接一個(gè)的跑步者，盡管在最后500米時(shí)抽筋了，但我還是以4秒的速度打破了紀(jì)錄?！?”可知Jo喜歡的艾迪?沃莉的歌《切麗，切麗》給了他激勵(lì)，讓他在腿抽筋的情況下超過(guò)了一個(gè)又一個(gè)的跑步者，最終打破計(jì)錄。所以此處的劃線(xiàn)詞boost的意思應(yīng)是“促進(jìn)；增進(jìn)”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“buthesaysthekeythingishelistenstohisbody.(但他說(shuō)關(guān)鍵是他會(huì)傾聽(tīng)自己的身體。)”JoSchoonbroodt認(rèn)為鍛煉的關(guān)鍵是傾聽(tīng)自己的身體和感覺(jué)，這樣你就可以成功。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“JohnBrewer,asportsscientistattheUniversityoftheWestofScotland,pointsout.“Comparedto40yearsago,theadvancesinnutrition,recoveryandtechnologyallmeanthatitismorepossibleforpeopleintheir60sand70stoproducegoodperformanceiftheyfollowtherighttraining,”hesaid.(西蘇格蘭大學(xué)的體育科學(xué)家約翰·布魯爾指出。他說(shuō)：“與40年前相比，營(yíng)養(yǎng)、康復(fù)和技術(shù)方面的進(jìn)步都意味著，如果六七十多歲的人接受了正確的訓(xùn)練，他們就更有可能有更好的表現(xiàn)。”)”可知JohnBrewer對(duì)于老年人慢跑的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選A項(xiàng)。CYoureyespickupcolorusingatypeofcellcalledconesinyourretina(視網(wǎng)膜).Thesameistruefordogs,thoughourconesaren’texactlythesame.Humanshavethreetypesofcones,“whichenablesustoseedifferentshadesofred,blue,andgreen”,saysAlisonMeindl,DVM,aveterinarian,andprofessoratColoradoStateUniversity.Whiledogshavetwotypesofconesthatpickupblueandyellowshades,saysLaraSypniewski,DVM,aprofessorofsmallanimalmedicine.Thismeansthatdogsseeinasimilarwaytohumanswhoarered-greencolorblind.“Theydon’tseeredorgreenandtheyseeeverythinginshadesofblueandyellow,”saysJayNeitz,Phd,aresearcherandprofessorofophthalmology(眼科學(xué))attheUniversityofWashington.Humansmayhavetheadvantageincolorvision,butdogsdefinitelyhaveusbeatintherealm(領(lǐng)域)ofnightvision.Thisisbecausedogs’eyeshavemorelight-gatheringpowerthanours,Neitzsays.Adog’sretinaislargelycomposedofcellscalledrods,whichcansenselight,eveninverylow-lightconditions,saysSypniewski.Dogsareespeciallygoodatsensingmovement.“Theincreasednumberofrods(桿狀體)inthedog’sretinaalsoincreasestheirabilitytodetectmotion,”Sypniewskisays.Thisabilitycanhelpthemdetectsmallpreylikesquirrels.Dogshavetroubleseeingthingsverycloseup.Dogscanseeobjectsclearlyifthey’reatleast13to20inchesawayfromtheireyes,“butiftheobjectiscloser,theimagemaybeblurry,”Sypniewskisays.Humanscanseeobjectsslightlycloser—about10inchesawayfromtheeye.Dogsmayrecognizeyoubyyourshapeandmotion.“Ifyourdogrecognizesyoufromadistance,itisnotbecauseitcanseethedetailsofyourfacelikeahumanwould,butratherbecauseofyourshapeorthewayyoumove.”Neitzsays.28.Ifyourdogrecognizesyoufromadistance,itisbecause________.A.itseesyourfaceclearly B.itsmellsyourflavorC.itseesyourshapeandmotion D.ithearsyoursteps29.Ifyouhavethesameconesasadog,youwillbe________.A.red-greencolorblind B.shortedsightedC.farsighted D.halfblind30.Dogsdefinitelywinusintherealmofnightvision,becauseof________.A.theirsmartmovement B.theirgoodeyesC.theirretinarods D.theirsmallprey31.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Dodogsseecolor? B.Aredogsthesameashumans?C.Dogsconesarebetterthanours D.Dogsareworthstudying【答案】28.C29.A30.C31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了狗與人類(lèi)在視覺(jué)方面的一些不同，比如狗是紅綠色盲，夜視能力比人類(lèi)好等?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Dogsmayrecognizeyoubyyourshapeandmotion.“Ifyourdogrecognizesyoufromadistance,itisnotbecauseitcanseethedetailsofyourfacelikeahumanwould,butratherbecauseofyourshapeorthewayyoumove.(狗可以通過(guò)你的形狀和運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)識(shí)別你?！叭绻愕墓窂倪h(yuǎn)處認(rèn)出了你，那并不是因?yàn)樗芟袢艘粯涌吹侥隳樕系募?xì)節(jié)，而是因?yàn)槟愕男螤罨蚰阋苿?dòng)的方式?！?”可知你的狗從遠(yuǎn)處認(rèn)出你那是因?yàn)樗吹搅四愕男螤罨蚰阋苿?dòng)的方式。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whiledogshavetwotypesofconesthatpickupblueandyellowshades,saysLaraSypniewski,DVM,aprofessorofsmallanimalmedicine.Thismeansthatdogsseeinasimilarwaytohumanswhoarered-greencolorblind.(小動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)的DVM教授勞拉·西普涅夫斯基說(shuō)，狗有兩種視錐細(xì)胞，可以看到藍(lán)色和黃色的陰影。這意味著狗的視覺(jué)方式與紅綠色色盲的人類(lèi)相似。)”可知如果你有和狗一樣的圓錐細(xì)胞，你將會(huì)是紅綠色色盲。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Humansmayhavetheadvantageincolorvision,butdogsdefinitelyhaveusbeatintherealm(領(lǐng)域)ofnightvision.Thisisbecausedogs’eyeshavemorelight-gatheringpowerthanours,Neitzsays.Adog’sretinaislargelycomposedofcellscalledrods,whichcansenselight,eveninverylow-lightconditions,saysSypniewski.(人類(lèi)可能在色覺(jué)方面有優(yōu)勢(shì)，但狗確實(shí)讓我們?cè)谝挂曨I(lǐng)域被擊敗。內(nèi)茨說(shuō)，這是因?yàn)楣返难劬Ρ任覀兊难劬τ懈嗟木酃饽芰?。西普涅夫斯基說(shuō)，狗的視網(wǎng)膜主要由桿狀細(xì)胞組成，即使在光線(xiàn)很弱的情況下，這些細(xì)胞也能感知光線(xiàn)。)”可知狗在夜視領(lǐng)域絕對(duì)能贏我們是因?yàn)樗鼈兊囊暰W(wǎng)膜桿狀細(xì)胞。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Youreyespickupcolorusingatypeofcellcalledconesinyourretina(視網(wǎng)膜).Thesameistruefordogs,thoughourconesaren’texactlythesame.(你的眼睛通過(guò)視網(wǎng)膜上一種叫做視錐細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞來(lái)捕捉顏色。狗也是如此，盡管我們的視錐細(xì)胞并不完全一樣。)”以及文章第二、三、四和第五段的內(nèi)容可知文章主要介紹了狗與人在視覺(jué)方面的一些不同，比如狗是紅綠色盲，夜視能力比人類(lèi)好，狗可以通過(guò)人的形狀和動(dòng)作認(rèn)出人等等，這些都是在講述關(guān)于狗的視力的真相。所以A項(xiàng)“Dodogsseecolor?(狗看到顏色了嗎?)”做標(biāo)題，符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。DOnlineMeetingsMayAffectCreativity,StudyFindsManycompanieshavemovedonlinebecauseofCOVID-19,withworkmeetingsaroundtheworldtakingplacevirtuallyinsteadofintheoffice.Butarecentstudyhasfoundthatonlinemeetingsmayaffectcreativethinking.Thestudy,publishedinNature,included602peoplewhoweredividedintorandompairs.EachpairwasgivenfiveminutestothinkofcreativeusesforanitemsuchasaFrisbee,andthenoneminutetochoosethemostcreativeidea.Somepairswereaskedtoworktogetheronavideocall,whileothersworkedinperson.Theresultsshowedthatthein-personpairshadmoreideasthanthevirtualpairs.However,virtualgroupswerebetteratchoosingthebestidea.Theresearchersalsousedeye-trackingtechnologytoseewhetherfocusingonascreencanaffectaperson’screativity.Teamsworkingtogethervirtuallyspentmoretimelookingdirectlyateachotherandrememberedlessoftheirsurroundingswhenaskedlater.Thein-personpairsspentmoretimelookingaroundtheroom,butalsohadmoreideas.Theresearchersdidthesamestudywith1,490engineers.Thepairswereaskedtothinkofnewproductideasandchooseoneasanideafortheircompany.Theresultsweresimilartothefirststudy,withtheengineerswhometinpersonthinkingofmoreproductideas,andthevirtualpairsmakingslightlybetterdecisionsaboutwhichideatochoose.StudyauthorMelanieBruckssaidthatwhileshethinksthefutureofworkishybrid,theresultssuggestthatbusinessesshouldthinkcarefullyaboutwhichtaskscanbedoneonline,andwhich—likethinkingofnewideas—shouldbedoneinperson.32.Howdidtheexpertsgettheresearchresults?A.Bycarryingoutquestionnaires.B.Bydoingexperimentsinthelab.C.Bystudyingandcomparingdifferentgroupsofparticipants.D.BywatchingsomedifferentvirtualvideosontheInternet.33.Totallythereare________peopleasresearchedobjectstakingpartinthisresearch.A.602 B.888 C.1490 D.209234.Accordingtothestudy,thein-persongrouppairsaresuitableto________.A.makeadecision B.dosomecreativejobC.communicatewithpeople D.makeachoice35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretrue?A.Thestudiesofthefirstandsecondgroupsgotdifferentresults.B.Thevirtualpairshadmoreideathanthein-personpairs.C.Thevirtualpairscouldmakefarbetterdecisionsinchoice.D.Thestudyresultscanhelpthebossarrangetheirtasksbetter.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明網(wǎng)絡(luò)會(huì)議可能會(huì)影響人的創(chuàng)造力?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thestudy,publishedinNature,included602peoplewhoweredividedintorandompairs.EachpairwasgivenfiveminutestothinkofcreativeusesforanitemsuchasaFrisbee,andthenoneminutetochoosethemostcreativeidea.(這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的研究包括了602人，他們被隨機(jī)分成小組。每組有五分鐘的時(shí)間思考飛盤(pán)等物品的創(chuàng)意用途，然后有一分鐘的時(shí)間選擇最具創(chuàng)意的想法。)”以及第二段“Somepairswereaskedtoworktogetheronavideocall,whileothersworkedinperson.Theresultsshowedthatthein-personpairshadmoreideasthanthevirtualpairs.However,virtualgroupswerebetteratchoosingthebestidea.(一些組被要求一起進(jìn)行視頻通話(huà)，而另一些則面對(duì)面工作。結(jié)果表明，面對(duì)面組比虛擬組有更多的想法。然而，虛擬團(tuán)隊(duì)更善于選擇最好的主意。)”可知專(zhuān)家們通過(guò)研究和比較參與者的不同小組得到結(jié)果。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thestudy,publishedinNature,included602peoplewhoweredividedintorandompairs.(這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《自然》雜志上的研究包括了602人，他們被隨機(jī)分成小組。)”以及第四段“Theresearchersdidthesamestudywith1,490engineers.(研究人員對(duì)1490名工程師進(jìn)行了同樣的研究。)”可知作為研究對(duì)象參與這項(xiàng)研究的總共2092人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theresultsshowedthatthein-personpairshadmoreideasthanthevirtualpairs.(結(jié)果表明，面對(duì)面組比虛擬組有更多的想法。)”以及第四段“Theresultsweresimilartothefirststudy,withtheengineerswhometinpersonthinkingofmoreproductideas,(結(jié)果與第一項(xiàng)研究相似，見(jiàn)面的工程師會(huì)想出更多的產(chǎn)品想法，)”可知面對(duì)面的小組適合做一些創(chuàng)造性的工作。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“StudyauthorMelanieBruckssaidthatwhileshethinksthefutureofworkishybrid,theresultssuggestthatbusinessesshouldthinkcarefullyaboutwhichtaskscanbedoneonline,andwhich—likethinkingofnewideas—shouldbedoneinperson.(研究報(bào)告的作者梅勒妮?布魯克斯說(shuō)，雖然她認(rèn)為未來(lái)的工作是混合的，但研究結(jié)果表明，企業(yè)應(yīng)該仔細(xì)考慮哪些任務(wù)可以在網(wǎng)上完成，哪些任務(wù)可以像思考新想法一樣，應(yīng)該親自完成。)”可知這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果可以幫助老板更好地安排任務(wù)。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。4WaystoIncreasetheQualityofYourLifeEveryoneatsometimefeelsthattheirlifeisgoingnowhere–andfast.Doyouthinkthatyourlifeisdull?Haveyoureachedaplacewherethingsareok,butnotveryexciting?DoyoufeelthatOKisnotgoodenough?Ifyoudofeelthesethings,thenitistimetodosomethingtoincreasethequalityofyourlife.So,don’twastetime.____36____Takeupahobby.Whenyouleadahum-drumlife,hobbiesarebrilliantforgivingyousomethingdifferenttodothatyouenjoy.Ifyoulovetoread,devotetimetojustsittingwithabookandlosingyourselfinanimaginaryworld.____37____Thewholepointofahobbyisthatitissomethingforyou,soitdoesn’tmatterwhatitisaslongasyouenjoyitandcanbeabsorbedbyit.30-daychallenges.Life-stylegurusareincreasinglypromotingtheideaoftakinga30-daychallenge.Challengeyourselftoachievesomethingin30days.Thechallengecanbeanythingthatwillbenefityouonceithasbeencompleted.Youcouldcommittolosingweight,givingupsmokingortraintorunamarathon–well,maybeahalf-marathon!____38____Oftenwelosesightofthepositive,beneficialthingsinourlives.Everyonehasthingstobethankfulforandmakingalisthelpstoconcentrateyourmindonthesepositives.Sitdownwithapadandpencil,preferablyinaquietplacewhereyouwon’tbedisturbed.Allowyourselfafewminutestothinkaboutyourlifeandidentifythegoodthings.Makethelistdetailed,so,forexample,whenyousayyouloveyourgarden,singleoutaparticularplantortreethatyouespeciallyappreciate.Yоgа.Yogaisagreatwaytorelax.Itisalsoperfectforyourhealth,asitincreasesyourstrengthandflexibility.____39____Lifeisgood.Youareluckytobealive.MakethemostoftheyearsyouhaveonEarth,enjoythem,anddon’twastethembeingnegative.Followtheadviceaboveandyouwillsurelyincreasethequalityofyourlife.____40____A.Createagratitudelist.B.Readourlistofthingstodonowtomakeyourlifebetterandmoreenjoyable.C.Growapositivethinkinghabit.D.Bepositive,andbehappy.E.Maybecraftingorpaintingappeal,asmorecreativehobbies.F.Everyoneofusfeelsbetterwhenwemakeanefforttolookgood.G.Suchenvironmenthasanunhealthyperfectionism.【答案】36.B37.E38.A39.F40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了四種提高生活質(zhì)量的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Ifyoudofeelthesethings,thenitistimetodosomethingtoincreasethequalityofyourlife.(如果你真的感覺(jué)到了這些，那么是時(shí)候做點(diǎn)什么來(lái)提高你的生活質(zhì)量了)”說(shuō)明要采取方法來(lái)提高生活質(zhì)量，B項(xiàng)“為了讓你的生活變得更好、更愉快，閱讀我們現(xiàn)在要做的事情的清單”承接上文，引出下文內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選B?！?7題詳解】上文“Ifyoulovetoread,devotetimetojustsittingwithabookandlosingyourselfinanimaginaryworld.(如果你喜歡閱讀，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間坐在書(shū)前，沉浸在想象的世界里)”舉例說(shuō)明可以培養(yǎng)的愛(ài)好，E項(xiàng)中hobbies是關(guān)鍵詞，E項(xiàng)“也許手工藝或繪畫(huà)更具吸引力，更具創(chuàng)造性的愛(ài)好”舉例說(shuō)明其他愛(ài)好，與上文并列，符合題意。故選E?！?8題詳解】下文“Everyonehasthingstobethankfulforandmakingalisthelpstoconcentrateyourmindonthesepositives.(每個(gè)人都有值得感謝的事情，列一個(gè)清單有助于你把注意力集中在這些積極的事情上)”說(shuō)明要列清單，集中精力于值得感謝的事情上，A項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)建感謝清單”總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，可以作為段落標(biāo)題句。故選A?！?9題詳解】上文“Yogaisagreatwaytorelax.Itisalsoperfectforyourhealth,asitincreasesyourstrengthandflexibility.(瑜伽是一種很好的放松方式。它對(duì)你的健康也很完美，因?yàn)樗梢栽黾幽愕牧α亢挽`活性)”可知，瑜伽可以讓你變得更好，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“當(dāng)我們努力讓自己看起來(lái)更好時(shí)，我們每個(gè)人都會(huì)感覺(jué)更好”說(shuō)明努力讓自己變好會(huì)使自己感覺(jué)更好，承接上文，符合題意。故選F?！?0題詳解】上文“Followtheadviceaboveandyouwillsurelyincreasethequalityofyourlife.(遵循上述建議，你一定會(huì)提高生活質(zhì)量)”說(shuō)明遵循建議之后，你會(huì)提高生活質(zhì)量，D項(xiàng)“要積極，要快樂(lè)”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明遵循建議的益處，承接上文，符合題意。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Jonathanlosthismotheratanearlyage,sohisfatherbroughthimupalone.Jonathanlovedtoplay____41____andhisfatherwasalwaysthereto____42____Jonathanateverygame.Being____43____sizedandweakerthanotherteammates,Jonathanwasn’tallowedtoplayinthemainteam.Nevertheless,hecontinuedwithhispracticewithfull____44____.Finally,hisdeterminationcarriedhimthrough.The____45____decidedtolethimjointhemainteam