專業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)（閱讀）模擬試卷7（共196題）

專業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)(閱讀)模擬試卷7(共9

套)

(共196題)

專業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)(閱讀)模擬試卷第1套

一、選擇題(本題共22題，每題1.0分，共22分。)

(1)LastFridaymorning,Britainawoketothedevastationofwar.Thedestructioncame

notinvillagesleveledandlivesdestroyed,butinmeannihilationofapoliticalparly.

ThoughLabourstillretainscontrolofParliament,TonyBlair'spartywasreducedtoa

smokingruininnationwidecouncilelections.(2)Il'sasorryendforMr.Blair,whosays

he'sreadytostepdownafteradecadeasprimeminister.Themanwhore-inventedme

socialistLabourPartyintoamodern,third-waypoliticaldynamonowseestheIraqwar

dismantlingoneofthemostformidablepoliticalmachinesinBritishhistory.(3)When

angerfadesandregretsettlesin,historianswilljudgetheIraqwaratragedyof

Shakespeareanproportions.Blairisnotthefirstleadertodisregardthecomplicated

politicalhistoryoftheMiddleEast,butBritonsexpectedbetteroftinsdeeplyintelligent

man.Despitealltheevidenceofperfidy,heseemstohavehadanoblepurpose,butthat

makeshisfailureallthemoretragic.HebelievedthatBritain,becauseofitshistorical

status,wasduty-houndtointerveneandthatitwasuniquelyplacedtoactasamoderating

influenceonPresidentBush.Mr.Bush,however,wasimmunetomoderation.British

statecraftwascrushedbyAmericanadventurism.(4)TheIraqfiascomuddlesthe

assessmentofBlair'sotherwiseenormouslysuccessfulprimeministership.Withoutthe

war.Labourwouldstilldominatethepolls,andthefateoftheToryPartyleaderDavid

Cameronwouldlookpainfullysimilartothatofhisthreehaplesspredecessors.Thepast

10yearshavebroughtgenuineLabourdominance,andtheToriesnolongerseemtobe

thenaturalpartyofgovernment.(5)ThatachievementwillinlimecometodwarftheIraq

debacle.TheBlairdecadewillrightlybeseenasarevolutioninBritishpoliticsmore

profoundandlong-lastingthanthatofMargaretThatcher.WhenIcametoBritainin

1980,Ms.Thatcherhadcleavedthecountry,dividingthepopulationinto"them"and

"us".Politicswasaritualofidentity,anexpressionofantagonism.Oneknewwhomto

hatebythesoundoftheiraccent.(6)Today,thankstoBlair,issuesarcblurred,labels

largelyirrelevant.Classandpartylinesarcnolongerpreciselydrawn.Torypoliticians

pretendtobeprogressive,whileLabourpromotesilliberalpoliciessuchaselectronic

lagging.Theword"socialism"ishardlyeverused,certainlyneverwithsincerity.

(7)Thatcherdominatedpoliticsinthe1980sbyturningacrimonyintoadvantage.Shedid

notseemiomind(hatmoreihanhalfthenationhatedher.Blair'sdominationwasentirely

different.LikeThatcher,heappearedinvincible,yet,unlikeher,fewcared.Themost

remarkablefeatureoftheBlairyearswastheabsenceofstrife.Blairwasaconsensus

politician,thebestBritainhaseverseen.Heremovedthedogmatismfrompolitics;he

erasedthepartyline.(8)Consensuscameatthecostofideology.Governmenttodayis

basednotonbeliefs,butonshort-termconsiderationsofpoliticalprudence.Today,

Britishpoliticsisoftenacaseof"maythebestcynicwin."(9'BeforeBlair,theBritish

electoralsystemforcedLabourtobeinclusive;inordertohaveanypossibilityof

governing,ithadtoembracesocialists,workers,andmiddle-classliberals.Thougha

broadchurch,italwayshaddevoutbelievers.Ferventvaluesrestrictedtheparly's

success.(10)While(heToriesknewhowtotrimtheirpoliciestothepoliticalwind,

Labourwasanchoredbyprinciple.Thereweretoomanypartymembersaddictedtothe

purityofalostcause—beitsocialismorunilateralnucleardisarmament;Blaircured

Labourofthe"curse"ofprinciple.Inhisquest,hebenefitedimmenselyfromthedemise

ofliberalismandthediscreditingofsocialismacrosstheWesternworld.(Il)His

longevityasleaderowedmuchtothefactthathewasnotburdenedbysacredtruths.Nor,

itseems,weretheBritishpeople.AstheBlairdecadehasdemonstrated,apeoplewho

believeinnothingarcimmenselyeasytogovern.Andwhatofthefuture?Blairwillsoon

handofftoGordonBrown,hislong-servingchancelloroftheexchequer,whoinheritsa

partyinruins.Despitehisprominence,Mr.Brownremainsamysteryman.Heissaidto

haveopposedtheIraqintervention.(12)Donot,however,betontherebirthofideologyin

Britain.Brown'ssuccesswillbedeterminedlargelybyhiswillingnesstoabandon

principle.Inyearstocome,historianswillarguewhetherBlairwasanarchitectofdestiny

orafloateronthetideofcircumstance.Historystudentswillassesshiscredentialsasa

greatman.Noone,however,willdoubthisstatusasaharbingerofanagewhenideology

isnothingandpowereverything.

1、WhenBlairresigned,theLabour.

A、wasnotthenaturalpartyofgovernment

B、hadseverelylosttheParliamentelections

C、wasstillholdingthepowerofthekingdom

D、hadreducedtoruinsinthepasttenyears

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第1段第3句提到，工黨仍然持有議會(huì)的控制權(quán)。根據(jù)英國(guó)的政治制

度，控制議會(huì)的黨為執(zhí)政黨，所以工黨仍然執(zhí)掌著英國(guó)，故C正確。

2、Whichof(hefollowingisNOT(heimpressionBlairhasgiventothepublic?

A、Intelligent.

B、Successful.

C、Competent.

Progressive.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第6段第3句提到，正當(dāng)保守黨政客們故作進(jìn)步之時(shí)，工黨卻推行諸

如電子跟蹤之類的狹隘政策，說(shuō)明布萊爾并未留下“進(jìn)步”形象，故選D。第6、7

段提到，什萊爾采取了與撒切爾夫人不同的方法稱雄政壇，表現(xiàn)出睿智和能干；第

5段第2句提到，布萊爾執(zhí)政的10年被視為比撒切爾夫人更深層次、影響時(shí)間更

長(zhǎng)的政治革命，說(shuō)明布萊爾給人留下了成功的印象，故A、B、C均不能選。

3、ThecomparisonbetweenBlairandThatchersuggeststhat.

A、therewerelesspeoplethathatedBlairthanthathatedThatcher

Thatchershouldbecriticizedforherpoliciesinthe1980s

C、thewaythatBlairsucceededwasdifferentfromthatofThatcher

D^bothBlairandThatcherdominatedthepoliticsduringtheirterms

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段講撒切爾夫人分裂了英國(guó)，把人們分成“他們”和“我們”，因而

招致半數(shù)以上國(guó)人的仇視，但她在20世紀(jì)80年代稱霸政壇；而第7段講布萊爾模

糊界限，消除沖突，根除教條主義，也取得了成功。由此可知。兩人各有不同的成

功之道，故選C。

4、Whichofthefollowingimpliesacontrast?

A、Thatachievementwillintimecome(odwarftheIraqdebacle.

B、Despitealltheevidenceofperfidy,heseemstohavehadanoblepurpose.

C、Politicswasaritualofidentity,anexpressionofantagonism.

D、Hislongevityasleaderowedmuchto(hefactthathewasnotburdenedbysacred

(ruths.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A中相互對(duì)比的是achievement和debacle。本句話的意思是“很快工

黨所取得的成就就會(huì)大大超過(guò)它在伊拉克的慘敗

(1)LastFridaymorning,Britainawoketothedevastationofwar.Thedestructioncame

notinvillagesleveledandlivesdestroyed,butinmeannihilationofapoliticalparty.

ThoughLabourstillretainscontrolofParliament,TonyBlair'spartywasreducedtoa

smokingruininnationwidecouncilelections.(2)It'sasorryendforMr.Blair,whosays

he'sreadytostepdownafteradecadeasprimeminister.Themanwhore-inventedme

socialistLabourPartyintoamodern,third-waypoliticaldynamonowseestheIraqwar

dismantlingoneofthemostformidablepoliticalmachinesinBritishhistory.(3)When

angerfadesandregretsettlesin,historianswilljudge(heIraqwaratragedyof

Shakespeareanproportions.Blairisnotthefirstleadertodisregardthecomplicated

politicalhistoryof(heMiddleEast,butBritonsexpectedbelteroftinsdeeplyintelligent

man.Despiteall(heevidenceofperfidy,heseemstohavehadanoblepurpose,butthat

makeshisfailureallthemoretragic.HebelievedthatBritain,becauseofitshistorical

status,wasduty-boundtointerveneandthatitwasuniquelyplacedtoactasamoderating

influenceonPresidentBush.Mr.Bush,however,wasimmunetomoderation.British

statecraftwascrushedbyAmericanadventurism.(4)TheIraqfiascomuddlesthe

assessmentofBlair'sotherwiseenormouslysuccessfulprimeministership.Withoutthe

war,Labourwouldstilldominatethepolls,andthefateoftheToryPartyleaderDavid

Camcronwouldlookpainfullysimilartothatofhisthreehaplesspredecessors.Thepast

10yearshavebroughtgenuineLabourdominance,andtheToriesnolongerseemtobe

thenaturalpartyofgovernment.(5)Tha(achievementwillinlimecometodwarftheIraq

debacle.TheBlairdecadewillrightlybeseenasarevolutioninBritishpoliticsmore

profoundandlong-lastingthanthatofMargaretThatcher.WhenIcametoBritainin

1980,Ms.Thatcherhadcleavedthecountry,dividingthepopulationinto"them"and

"us".Politicswasaritualofidentity,anexpressionofantagonism.Oneknewwhomto

hatebythesoundoftheiraccent.(6)Today,thankstoBlair,issuesareblurred,labels

largelyirrelevant.Classandpartylinesarenolongerpreciselydrawn.Torypoliticians

pretendtobeprogressive,whileLabourpromotesilliberalpoliciessuchaselectronic

tagging.Theword"socialism"ishardlyeverused,certainlyneverwithsincerity.

(7)Thalcherdominatedpoliticsinthe1980sbyturningacrimonyintoadvantage.Shedid

notseemtomindthatmorethanhalf(henationhatedher.Blair'sdominationwasentirely

different.LikeThatcher,heappearedinvincible,yet,unlikeher,fewcared.Themost

remarkablefeatureoftheBlairyearswastheabsenceofstrife.Blairwasaconsensus

politician,thebestBritainhaseverseen.Heremovedthedogmatismfrompolitics;he

erasedthepartyline.(8)Consensuscameatthecostofideology.Governmenttodayis

basednotonbeliefs,butonshort-termconsiderationsofpoliticalprudence.Today,

Britishpoliticsisoftenacaseof"maythebestcynicwin."(9'BeforeBlair,theBritish

electoralsystemforcedLabourtobeinclusive;inordertohaveanypossibilityof

governing,ithadtoembracesocialists,workers,andmiddle-classliberals.Thougha

broadchurch,italwayshaddsvoutbelievers.Ferventvaluesrestrictedtheparty's

success.(lO)WhilctheToriesknewhowtotrimtheirpoliciestothepoliticalwind,

Labourwasanchoredbyprinciple.Thereweretoomanypartymembersaddictedtothe

purityofalostcause—beitsocialismorunilateralnucleardisarmament;Blaircured

Labourofthe"curse"ofprinciple.Inhisquest,hebenefitedimmenselyfromthedemise

ofliberalismandthediscreditingofsocialismacross(heWesternworld.(1l)His

longevityasleaderowedmuchtothefactthathewasnotburdenedbysacred(ruths.Nor,

itseems,were(heBritishpeople.As(heBlairdecadehasdemonstrated,apeoplewho

believeinnothingareimmenselyeasytogovern.Andwhatofthefuture?Blairwillsoon

handofftoGordonBrown,hislong-servingchancelloroftheexchequer,whoinheritsa

partyinruins.Despitehisprominence,Mr.Brownremainsamysteryman.Heissaidto

haveopposedtheIraqintervention.(12)Donot,however,betontherebirthofideologyin

Britain.Brown'ssuccesswillbedeterminedlargelybyhiswillingnesstoabandon

principle.Inyearstocome,historianswillarguewhetherBlairwasanarchitectofdestiny

orafloateronthetideofcircumstance.Historystudentswillassesshiscredentialsasa

greatman.Noone,however,willdoubthisstatusasaharbingerofanagewhenideology

isnothingandpowereverything.

5、WhenBlairresigned,theLabour.

A^wasnotthenaturalpartyofgovernment

B、hadseverelylosttheParliamentelections

C、wasstillholdingthepowerofthekingdom

hadreducedtoruinsinthepasttenyears

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第I段第3句提到，工黨仍然持有議會(huì)的控制權(quán)。根據(jù)英國(guó)的政治制

度，控制議會(huì)的黨為執(zhí)政黨，所以工黨仍然執(zhí)掌著英國(guó)，故C正確。

6、WhichofthefollowingisNO1theimpressionBlairhasgiventothepublic?

A^Intelligent.

B、Successful.

C、Competent.

D、Progressive.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第6段第3句提到，正當(dāng)保守黨政客們故作進(jìn)步之時(shí)，工黨卻推行諸

如電子跟蹤之類的狹隘政策，說(shuō)明布萊爾并未留下“進(jìn)步”形象，故選D。第6、7

段提到，布萊爾采取了與撒切爾夫人不同的方法稱雄政壇，表現(xiàn)出睿智和能干；第

5段第2句提到，布萊爾執(zhí)政的10年被視為比撒切爾夫人更深層次、影響時(shí)間更

長(zhǎng)的政治革命，說(shuō)明布萊爾給人留下了成功的印象，故A、B、C均不能選。

7、ThecomparisonbetweenBlairandThatchersuggeststhat.

A、therewerelesspeoplethathatedBlairthanthathatedThatcher

B、Thatchershouldbecriticizedforherpoliciesinthe1980s

C、thewaythatBlairsucceededwasdifferentfromthatofThatcher

D、bothBlairandThatcherdominatedthepoliticsduringtheirterms

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段講撒切爾夫人分裂了英國(guó)，把人們分成“他們”和“我們”，因而

招致半數(shù)以上國(guó)人的仇視，但她在20世紀(jì)80年代稱霸政壇；而第7段講布萊爾模

糊界限，消除沖突，根除教條主義，也取得了成功。由此可知。兩人各有不同的成

功之道，故選C。

8、Whichofthefollowingimpliesacontrast?

A、Thatachievementwillinlimecome(odwarftheIraqdebacle.

B、Despitealltheevidenceofperfidy,heseemstohavehadanoblepurpose.

C、Politicswasaritualofidentity,anexpressionofantagonism.

D、Hislongevityasleaderowedmuchto(hefactthathewasnotburdenedbysacred

(ruths.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：A中相互對(duì)比的是achievement和debacle0本句話的意思是“很快工

黨所取得的成就就會(huì)大大超過(guò)它在伊拉克的慘敗

(1)TheParis-basedInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA),initsannualforecast,saida

numberoffactors,includingthesoaringcostofoil,willcontributetoaboomincoal.

Agingandless-productiveoilfieldsandresistanceamongmajoroilexporterstobuild

spareoilcapacitywillmakecrudeoilandnaturalgasmoreexpensiveandprompt

developingcountriestoturnincreasinglytotheworld'sdirtiestfossilfuel.(2)Theannual

WorldEnergyOutlook,releasedasU.S.benchmarkcruderose20centsto$96.90a

barrelon(heNewYorkMercantileExchangetradingWednesdaymorning,alsodetailsa

continuedsurgeinoildemandthatcouldresultinaserioussupplycruncharound2015.

Theagency,whichactsasanenergythinktankfundedbytheworld's26most-advanced

economies,portraysaworldmatby2030willbeconsuming55%moreenergythanitis

now,withalmosthalfofmegrowthbecauseofsoaringdemandinChinaandIndia.

Whileoilwillremainmeworld'slargestsourceofenergyintermsofmetrictonsofoil

equivalent,at32%,coal'sshareisexpectedtojumpto28%,upfrom25%now,

contributingtoa57%increaseincarbonemissions.(3)Baningunforeseenchangesin

governmentpolicytoreduceoilconsumption,meIEApredictsthatworldwideoil

demandwillhit116millionbarrelsadayby2030,upfromabout85millionbarrelsaday

now.Electricityusewillnearlydouble,witiimostofmeglobe'snewplantsburningcoal.

(4)Fornearlyalleconomies,metoughquestionisonthesupplyside.TheIEAforeseesa

boostinproductionfromnewfieldsin(heMiddleEast,particularlySaudiArabia,but

warnsmat"itisveryuncertain"whetherthesenewsources"willbesufficientto

compensateforthedeclineinoutputatexistingfields"intheMiddleEastandamong

otherbigproducerssuchasRussia,MexicoandVenezuela.(5)Theresultingpinchin

supplycouldresultin"anabruptescalationinoilprices"around2015,aneventme

agencysaid"cannotberuledout".Thedramaticriseinoilpricestonearly$100abarrel

fromabout$50inearlyJanuaryhasinvigorateddebateoverwhemeroilpriceswillgofar

higherincomingyears,orwilltaperofffromaspikethatsomecriticsinsistislargely

drivenbyspeculation.(6)ThcIEAbluntlysaysconsumersandgovernmentsgloballyare

doingtoolittletoimproveenergy-supplysecurityandtocutpollution.Evenunderme

mostoptimisticassumptions,globalcarbonemissions-themainculpritblamedfor

globalwanning—willbe25%higherin2030fromtoday'slevels.(7)"Thcpathwaywe're

onisnotsustainable"bothformehealthofmeenvironmentandforsecuringstable

energysuppliesintnefuture,IEAExecutiveDirectorNobuoTanakatoldjournalistsin

London."Timeisrunningout."(8)ChinaandIndiaaresettingthetoneofglobalenergy

marketswithmesizeoftheirpopulations,eachoveronebillion,anddouble-digit

economicgrowthrates.TheIEApredictsmatmetwoAsiancountriescombinedwill

importmoreoilin2030(hanJapanandmeU.S.dotoday.ChinaandIndiaalsowill

accountfor80%ofthegrowthincoalconsumptionoverthenexttwodecades,with

ChinatappingabundantdomesticsuppliesbutIndiahavingtoimportmoreofwhatit

needs.(9)WhiletheIEAfocuseditsmostrecentoutlookonChinaandIndia,italso

forecastboomingdemandintheMiddleEast.Oilusethereisexpectedtohit7.9million

barrelsadayby2015,morethantwicethepredicteddemandinIndia.(lO)Although

Chinaistakingmeasurestomitigateglobal-warmingemissions,theAsiangiantisto

becometheworld'sbiggestpollutertinsyearinabsolutetermsandthelargestenergy

consumer,aheadoftheU.S.,shortlyafter2010,basedoncurrenttrends,accordingtothe

IEAoutlook.Onapcr-capita-cmissionsbasis,theU.S.isexpectedtoremaintheworld's

biggestgreenhousegasproduceroverthenexttwodecades.(11)Rcncwablcenergy

sourcessuchassolarwillgrowinuseincertainareas,liketheU.K.,butmecurrent

logisticalchallengesandcostsofusinganddevelopingmemmeanallrenewableenergy

sourceswillremainafractionoftotalenergyusegloballyin2030atabout10%,

unchangedfromtoday.(12)TheIEAsaysimprovedenergyefficiency,technical

improvementsforburningcoalmorecleanly,andbuildingmorenuclearpowerplants,

whichemitalmostnocarbonemissions,aresomeoftheresponsesconsumersand

governmentsmusttaketoeaseenergy-supplyconcernsandtocutcarbongases.

9、AccordingtotheannualWorldEnergyOutlook,.

A^coalconsumptionisexpectedtogrowduetoanumberoffactors

B、thecontinuedsurgeinoildemandwillpushupoilsupplyby2015

C、ChinaandIndiawillbeconsuming55%moreenergythanitisnow

D^coalisexpectedtobemeworld'slargestsourceofenergyat28%

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章首句提到，IEA的年度報(bào)告指出，油價(jià)飆升等眾多因素將繼續(xù)刺

激煤炭的使用，故選A。

10^Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheprospectofrenewableenergyuseinthe

foreseeablefutureis.

A、positive

B、neutral

C、negative

D、impossibletoknow

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：倒數(shù)第2段提到，可再生能源在一些國(guó)家將得到更廣泛的使用，但由

于目前的物流難題及開(kāi)發(fā)和應(yīng)用成本的問(wèn)題，可再生能源到2030年時(shí)在全部能源

中所占比例仍將與目前一樣。由此可知，作者對(duì)可再生能源的前景有褒有貶，是中

立態(tài)度，故選B。

11>WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

A、Consumersandgovernmentshavenotbeenactivelyinvolvedincuttingpollution.

B、China'scoalconsumptionoverthenexttwodecadesisexpectedtobeself-sufficient.

C、Chinaisgoingtobetheworld'sbiggestpolluterinthenexttwodecadesinall

respects.

D、Consumersandgovernmentscanhelpeaseenergyshortageandimprove

environment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第10段第2句提到，按人均排放量，美國(guó)仍將是全球最大的溫室氣

體排放國(guó)，由此可知，C中的inanaspecls是不成立的，故選C。由第6段首句、

第8段末句及末段可知，A、B、D符合文意。

(1)ThcParis-basedInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA),initsannualforecast,saida

numberoffactors,includingthesoaringcostofoil,willcontributetoaboomincoal.

AgingandIcss-productivcoilfieldsandresistanceamongmajoroilexporterstobuiid

spareoilcapacitywillmakecrudeoilandnaturalgasmoreexpensiveandprompt

developingcountriestoturnincreasinglytotheworld'sdirtiestfossilfuel.(2)Theannual

WorldEnergyOutlook,releasedasU.S.benchmarkcruderose20centsto$96.90a

barrelontheNewYorkMercantileExchangetradingWednesdaymorning,alsodetailsa

continuedsurgeinoildemandthatcouldresultinaserioussupplycruncharound2015.

Theagency,whichactsasanenergythinktankfundedby(heworld's26most-advanced

economies,portraysaworldmatby2030willbeconsuming55%moreenergythanitis

now,withalmosthalfofmegrowthbecauseofsoaringdemandinChinaandIndia.

Whileoilwillremainmeworld'slargestsourceofenergyintermsofmetrictonsofoil

equivalent,at32%,coal'sshareisexpectedtojumpto28%,upfrom25%now,

contributingtoa57%increassincarbonemissions.(3)Barringunforeseenchangesin

governmentpolicytoreduceoilconsumption,meIEApredictsthatworldwideoil

demandwillhit116millionbcirrelsadayby2030,upfromabout85millionbarrelsaday

now.Electricityusewillnearlydouble,witiimostofmeglobe'snewplantsburningcoal.

(4)Fornearlyalleconomies,metoughquestionisonthesupplyside.TheIEAforeseesa

boostinproductionfromnewfieldsintheMiddleEast,particularlySaudiArabia,but

warnsmat"itisveryuncertain"whetherthesenewsources"willbesufficientto

compensateforthedeclineinoutputatexistingfields"intheMiddleEastandamong

otherbigproducerssuchasRussia,MexicoandVenezuela.(5)Theresultingpinchin

supplycouldresultin"anabruptescalationinoilprices"around2015,aneventme

agencysaid"cannotberuledout".Thedramaticriseinoilpricestonearly$100abarrel

fromabout$50inearlyJanuaryhasinvigorateddebateoverwhemeroilpriceswillgofar

higherincomingyears,orwilltaperofffromaspike(hatsomecriticsinsistislargely

drivenbyspeculation.(6)TheIEAbluntlysaysconsumersandgovernmentsgloballyare

doingtoolittletoimproveenergy-supplysecurityandtocutpollution.Evenunderme

mostoptimisticassumptions,globalcarbonemissions-themainculpritblamedfor

globalwarming—willbe25%higherin2030fromtoday'slevels.(7)"Thepathwaywe're

onisnotsustainable"bothformehealthofmeenvironmentandforsecuringstable

energysuppliesinmefuture,IEAExecutiveDirectorNobuoTanakatoldjournalistsin

London."Timeisrunningout."(8)ChinaandIndiaarcsettingthetoneofglobalenergy

marketswithmesizeoftheirpopulations,eachoveronebillion,anddouble-digit

economicgrowthrates.TheIEApredictsmatmetwoAsiancountriescombinedwill

importmoreoilin2030thanJapanandmeU.S.dotoday.ChinaandIndiaalsowill

accountfor80%ofthegrowthincoalconsumptionoverthenexttwodecades,with

ChinatappingabundantdomesticsuppliesbutIndiahavingtoimportmoreofwhatit

needs.(9)While(heIEAfocuseditsmostrecentoutlookonChinaandIndia,italso

forecastboomingdemandintheMiddleEast.Oiluse(hereisexpectedlohit7.9million

barrelsadayby2015,morethantwicethepredicteddemandinIndia.(lO)Although

Chinaistakingmeasurestomitigateglobal-warmingemissions,theAsiangiantisto

becometheworld'sbiggestpollutertinsyearinabsolutetermsandthelargestenergy

consumer,aheadoftheU.S.,shortlyafter2010,basedoncunenttrends,accordingtothe

IEAoutlook.Onaper-capita-eniissionsbasis,theU.S.isexpectedtoremaintheworld's

biggestgreenhousegasproduceroverthenexttwodecades.(11)Renewab!eenergy

sourcessuchassolarwillgrowinuseincertainareas,liketheU.K.,butmecurrent

logisticalchallengesandcostsofusinganddevelopingmemmeanallrenewableenergy

sourceswillremainafractionoftotalenergyusegloballyin2030atabout10%,

unchangedfromtoday.(12)ThcIEAsaysimprovedenergyefficiency,technical

improvementsforburningcoalmorecleanly,andbuildingmorenuclearpowerplants,

whichemitalmostnocarbonemissions,aresomeoftheresponsesconsumersand

governmentsmusttaketoeaseenergy-supplyconcernsandtocutcarbongases.

12、AccordingtotheannualWorldEnergyOutlook,.

A^coalconsumptionisexpectedtogrowduetoanumberoffactors

B、thecontinuedsurgeinoildemandwillpushupoilsupplyby2015

C、ChinaandIndiawillbeconsuming55%moreenergythanitisnow

D^coalisexpectedtobemeworld'slargestsourceofenergyal28%

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章首句提到，IEA的年度報(bào)告指出，油價(jià)綱升等眾多因素將繼續(xù)刺

激煤炭的使用，故選A。

13、Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheprospectofrenewableenergyuseinthe

foreseeablefutureis.

A、positive

B、neutral

C、negative

D、impossibletoknow

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：倒數(shù)第2段提到，可再生能源在一些國(guó)家將得到更廣泛的使用，但由

于H前的物流難題及開(kāi)發(fā)和應(yīng)用成本的問(wèn)題，可再生能源到2030年時(shí)在全部能源

中所占比例仍將與目前一樣。由此可知，作者對(duì)可再生能源的前景有褒有貶，是中

立態(tài)度，故選B。

14、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

A、Consumersandgovernmentshavenotbeenactivelyinvolvedincuttingpollution.

B、China'scoalconsumptionoverthenexttwodecadesisexpectedtobeself-sufficient.

C、Chinaisgoingtobetheworld'sbiggestpolluterinthenexttwodecadesinall

respects.

D^Consumersandgovernmentscanhelpeaseenergyshortageandimprove

environment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第10段第2句提到，按人均排放量，美國(guó)仍將是全球最大的溫室氣

體排放國(guó)，由此可知，C中的inanaspects是不成立的，故選C。由第6段首句、

第8段末句及末段可知，A、B、D符合文意。

(1)WeliveinsouthernCaliforniagrowinggrapes,afirstgenerationofvintners,ourhome

adjacenttothevineyardsandthewinery.It'saveryprettyplace,andinordertoearnme

moneytorealizeourdreamofmakingwine,weworkedformanyyearsinabusinessmat

demandedseveralhouseholdmoves,anincredibleamountofrisk-takingandlong

absencesfrommyhusband.Whenitwastime,wetradedinouroldlife,cinchedupour

beltsandbeganthecreationofthewinery.(2)Wcmakesmallamountsofpremiumwine,

andourlivesarcdictatedbytherhythmofnatureandthedemandsofthelivingvines.

ThevinesstartsproutingtinygreentendrilsinMarchandApril,andthebabygrapes

begintoforminminiature,sc-perfectmattheycanbedippedingoldtoformjewelry.

Thegrapesswellandripeninearlyfall,andwhentheirsugarcontentisattherightlevel,

(heyareharvestedcarefullybyhandandcrushedinsmalllots.Thewineisfermentedand

(endeduntili(isreadytobebottled.Thevineyardsshedtiieirleaves;thevinesarepruned

andmadereadyforthedormantmonthsandthenextvintage.(3)1(soundsnice,doesn't

it?Livinginmecountry,ourdayswerespentintheancientroutineofmevineyard,

knowingthatthecourseofourlivesasvintnerswaschoreographedlongagoandmatif

wepracticeddiligently,ourwinewouldbegoodandwe'dbesuccessful.Fromthestart

weknewmerewasapricefortheprivilegeofbecomingawinemakingfamily,connected

(othelandandthecapricesofnature.(4)Weworkhardatsomethingwelove,weare

slowtopanicoverthedailyemergencies,andwearenimbleatsolvingproblemsasthey

arise.Somehazardstocompletingasuccessfulvintagearcexpected:rainjustbefore

harvestingcancausemold;electricityunexpectedlyinterruptedduringthecold

fermentationofwhitewinecandamageit;adelayedpaymentfromamajorclientwhen

themoneyisneeded.(5)Thereareoutsideinfluencesthatdisruptproductionandtake

patience,goodwillandperseverance.Forexample,theBureauofAlcohol,Tobaccoand

Firearmsregulateseveryfacetofthewinebusiness.Awinery'srecordsareauditedas

oftenastwoorthreetimesayearandeverylabel—newlywrittenforeachyear's

vintage—mustbeapproved.(6)Butmegreatestthreat(othewi