專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)模擬試卷5（共454題）

專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)模擬試卷5(共9套)

(共454題)

專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)模擬試卷第1套

一、聽(tīng)力復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)(本題共70題，每題7.0分，共

70分。)

CarSafetyI.Thefocalpointoftheproject:RoadRageeg.Amanhitthedriverwhohad

(1)himearlier.—firstleadingcausetotheyoungchildren.——persontoperson

chat,135driversovertwodays.II.Findingsofsurvey:1)93%experiencedroadrage,

including(2)hadtheircarsdamagedand79%“erebeingshoutedal.2)15%been

hit—policeonlydealtphysicalviolenceIII.(3)adoptedtoensuresafetyI)mainly

women—shouldnotstoptoaskdirections2)men—avoidlookingdirectlyatdrivers3)

bothmenandwomen-getkeyreadybefore(4)thecar4)leaveroomforparking

yourcar-canhaveaquick(5)5)lockdoorsallthetimeIV.Self-protectionskills

whenragehappens1)policeinterference:Maryland:hefty(6)asthefrontline

againstroadrageCalifornia:anautomatedsystemto(7)thelicenseplates2)

effectiveapproach:apologyevent:thedriversaccidentallycutinfrontoftheothercar

twopossibleoutcomes:a.Ifthedriver(8),theroadragerwoulddropthematter,

b.Ifthecarelessdriverslooked(9),theroadragerwouldteachthemalesson.3)

howtomakeanapologyinthecar:a"SORRY"signThepotential(10)smile

whendriversraisea"SORRY"signtothemafterdrivershaveaccidentallydone

somethingwrong.

1、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：overtaken/surpassed

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。可根據(jù)講座相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)直接拷貝入題。

2、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：24%

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:細(xì)節(jié)題。講座中說(shuō)到:24%hadhadtheircardamagedinsome

way.講座中列出了一系列的數(shù)據(jù)表明“roadrage”在道路上發(fā)生的普遍性。

3、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Strategies

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：要點(diǎn)題。講座中明確指出：Sowhatstrategieshadpeopledevelopedto

ensuretheirownsafety?

4、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：approaching/goingtowards

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:推斷題。講座中提到：bothsexesmadethepointthatit*smuchsaferto

getkeysoutwellinadvanceasyougotowardsyourcar.根據(jù)推斷，應(yīng)該是走近主的

意思。

5、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：getaway

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題?？筛鶕?jù)講座相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)直接拷貝入題。

6、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:fines

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)講座內(nèi)容可知有過(guò)激行為的人都要被處以種種罰款。

7、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：photograph

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。空格中需要的是動(dòng)詞，所以填入動(dòng)詞形式。

8、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：apologized/saidsorry

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題?；驌?jù)講座中的內(nèi)容“Over85percentofroadragerssaidthat

theywoulddropthematteriftheother^careless^driversimplyapologized”可以做出推

斷，注意時(shí)態(tài)。

9、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：unconcerned/indifferent

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：推斷題。講座中說(shuō)到：Instead,road「agersclaim,the“careless"driver

seemstobeunconcernedaboutwhattheyjustdidand,therefore,needstobetaughta

lesson.從seemedtobeunconcerned可以得出答案。

10、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：roadragers

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。艱據(jù)填空的內(nèi)容，考生需要變換思維角度。

二、聽(tīng)力對(duì)話(huà)組題（本題共5題，每題7.0分，共5

分。）

11、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A^TheHunchbackofNotreDameisafilmonlyforadult.

B>BodyDoubleisacharacterinStriptease.

C^Demigets$12.5millionforherrolesintwofilms.

D^Demidoesn'tgonakedinTheHunchbackofNotreDame.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

12>WhenDemiwasalittlegirl,she.

A、neverdreamedofbecominsanactress

B、alwaysdreamedofbecominganactress

C、wasnotgoodatspeaking

D、alwaysthoughtshecouldbeagoodactress

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

13、Demisaysbeingpaid$12.5millionmeansalottoherespeciallybecause

A^nowsheisthehighestpaidactressinHollywood

B、itchangespeople'sperceptionofwomeninHollyv/ood

C、ithelpshergainself-confidence

D、shefinallygetswhatshouldbeherhardwork,sworth

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

14、AccordingtoDemi,shegoesnakedinStripteasebecause.

A、thehighpaymakesherfeelobligedtodoit

B>shewasrequiredbythecontracttodoit

C、shewantstoexperiencethereallifeofthecharacter

D、itwasfuntodoit

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案.C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)露斤：暫無(wú)解析

15、Itseemstousthatthecriticsmaythink.

A、Demi'sperformanceinthenewfilmisnotverygood

Demijustwantstopleaseherfansbygoingnaked

C>Demi'spayforStripteaseistoohigh

D、DemishouldnotgonakedinStriptease

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A-

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

三、聽(tīng)力新聞（本題共2題，每題7.0分，共2分。）

Accordingtothenewsitem,whatisMr.Netanyahugoingtodo?

16、Accordingtothenewsitem,whatisMr.Netanyahugoingtodo?

A、Tosendmoretroopsalongtheborder.

B、TohavepeacetalkwiththePalestinians.

C^TocompromisetoachievepeacewiththePalestinians.

D、ToseeksupportfromUSattheCongressinWashington.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：哲無(wú)解析

17、WhichofthefollowingisCORRECT?

A、Anacceptablepeacedealislikelytoreachsoon.

B、IsraelwouldneverallowJerusalemtobedivided.

C、Palestine'sborderwillextendfurthertowardsIsrael.

D、Israelimilitaryforcesaregoingtoretreatfromtheborder.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B「」

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

四、常規(guī)閱讀理解（本題共5題，每題7.0分，共5

分。）

Theconcernthroughouttheworldin1988forthosethreewhalesthatwerelockedinthe

Arcticicewasdramaticproofthatwhales,severalspeciesofwhichfaceextinction,have

becomesubjectsofconsiderablesympathy.Thesearetherecordedvoicesofwhales.

Thesemonstrouscreatureshavebeentrumpetingtheirsongs,onetoanother,inthe

world'soceanssincethedawnoftime,whileoverhead,greatempiresandcivilizations

havecomeandgone.Now,theirtimeofdeclinehascome.Itbeganalongtimeago.

Four-thousand-year-oldrockcarvingsshowthatthepeoplewholivedinwhatisnow

Norwaywereprobablythefirsttoseekoutandkillwhalesinthesea.Byaround890AD,

3,000yearslater,thepracticehadspreadtotheBasquepeopleofFranceandSpain,who

huntedwhalesfromboatsintheBayofBiscay.Inthecenturiesthatfollowed,Whaling

becameanimportantindustryinDenmark,England,Germany,theNetherlands,and,

finally,inwhatwouldbecomeAmericaWhalingwentintodramaticdecline,beginning

around1900.Today,whalesarehuntedcommerciallyonlybyNorway,Icelandand

Japan.Theworld'sfascinationwiththem,however,isatanall-timehigh,becausesofew

ofthemareleft,giventheirtragichistory.RichardElliswritesaboutwhales,takes

picturesofwhalesintheopensea,andsketcheswhalesstrandedonthebeach.Hesays

it'sa20-yearobsessionthatbeganinthemid-1960s,whenhedesignedamodelofagreat

bluefortheMuseumofNaturalHistoryinNewYork.'*AsIbegantodotheresearch,I

realizedthatnobodyknewanythingaboutwhales.AndIcouldn'treallyfindanypictures

ofwhattheylookedlike:allIcouldfindwaspicturesofdeadwhales.AndIbecamevery

excitedattheprospectofdoingwhatseemedtobeoriginalresearchonsomethingthat

wassopeculiar,whichwasthelargestanimalthathaseverlivedonearth."Solarge,he

discoveredthatthelargestdinosaurweighedonlyhalfasmuchasthefemalebluewhale.

Ashecontinuedhisresearch,heboardedscientificvessels,dovewithwhalesinthe

Pacific,andevenwatchedwhalesdieatthehandsofmodernexplosive-tippedharpoons.

Hissketchesappearedinmagazinesandencyclopediasandatthecenterofwhatwasthen

thebeginningofamovementtosavethewhales."Iwasoneofthosepeoplewhousedto

standonstreetcomersandaskforpeopletosignpetitions,whichatthattimewere

directedtowardstheJapaneseandtheSoviets.Becauseinthatperiodoftime,late60s

andearly70s,theJapaneseandtheSovietswerekillingtensofthousandsofsperm,

particularlyintheNorthPacific.Andwethoughtthatgettingtheworld'sopinionon

paperwouldmakethemsay,'Ohlook,allthesepeopledon'tlikewhatwearedoing.We

willstop.'Well,ofcourse,theydidn'tstop."Notatfirst,commercialwhalingpeakedin

themid-1960s,withmorethan60,000whaleskilledeachyear.TheInternational

WhalingCommission,agroupofmembernationsaimedatregulatingtheindustry,began

tomakerecommendationstoendcommercialwhalingentirely.Whykillwhalestbrsoap,

orfuelorpaintsandvarnishes,evenmargarine,ifwehadsubstitutesforallthose

products?Theseeminglysenselessslaughterfocusedtheworld'sattentiononthewhale

andconsequentlytheInternationalWhalingCommissionorIWC."Andsinceit'ssaid

nowhereintheconstitutionoftheIWCthatyouhadtobewhalingnationtojoin,you

havecountrieslikeKenyaandtheSeychelles.SwitzerlandisamemberoftheIWC,a

countrynotknownforitswhalinghistory.Countriesjoinedbecausetheyfeltthatthis

wassomethingthatneededtobedone."By1986,theCommissionhadpasseda

moratoriumoncommercialwhaling.Butsincetheorganizationhadnoenforcement

powers,itcouldandcannotimposesanctionsonviolators.Onlyafewnations,Japan,

Iceland,andNorway,continuetohuntwhalescommercially.RichardEllissaysthereis

somethingmagicalaboutthisanimalcaughtinthenetoflifeandtime,andwemust

continuetofighttopreserveit,becauseintheendwearereallyprotectingasmallpartof

ourselvesandourearth.

18、Whomightbethefirsttofindandkillwhalesinthesea,accordingtothepassage?

A、TheBasquepeopleofFranceandSpain.

B、PeopleinwhatwouldbecomeNorway.

C、PeoplefromDenmarkandtheNetherlands.

D、PeopleinwhatwouldbecomeAmerica.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段第1句中，賓語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)部分與題干的表語(yǔ)意思相近，故本

題答案可從該句賓語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)得出。B是對(duì)該主語(yǔ)peoplewholivedinwhatis

nowNorway的同義改寫(xiě)，故選B0

19、RichardEllisisbestdescribedasawhale

A、writer.

B、photographer.

C、researcher.

D^hunter.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段第1句提到RichardEllis撰寫(xiě)關(guān)于鯨魚(yú)的文章，拍攝鯨魚(yú)的照

片等；但從第5段第3句中的“AsIbegantodotheresearch”和第6段第2句中的“As

hecontinuedhisresearch、'等內(nèi)容可知RichardEllis是鯨魚(yú)研究員，而寫(xiě)作和拍攝照

片只是其研究工作的一部分，因此應(yīng)選C。

20、Commercialwhaling

A^wasmostactiveinthemid-1960s.

B、hasbeenendedentirely.

C、hasbeenstrictlyregulated.

D、isstillverypppular.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:原文第8段第1句提到商業(yè)性捕鯨peakedinthemid-1960s,A的was

mostactive是為原文peaked的同義改寫(xiě)，故選A。

21、1'hcInternationalWhalingCommission(IWC)wasanorganizationthat

A、acountrycouldjoinonlywhenbeingawhalingnation.

B、hadtherighttoendcommercialwhalingentirely.

C>collectedtheworld'sopiniontoshowconcernsforwhales.

D、hadnoauthorityforpunishingviolators.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第10段第2句提到，IWC沒(méi)有強(qiáng)迫執(zhí)行的權(quán)力不能對(duì)違反者進(jìn)行制

裁，因此可得出答案D。

22、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

ANSeveralspeciesofwhalesnowfaceextinction.

B、Theworldislessfascinatedwithwhalesnowadaysnow.

C>Norway,IcelandandJapanaretheonlycommercialwhalingnations.

D、Thebluewhaleisthelargestanimalintheworld.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:B的lessfascinated與原文第4段第3句中的…fascination..atanall-

timehigh相矛盾，故選B。

五、常識(shí)(本題共70題，每題7.0分，共70分。)

23、ThefirstknownsettlersofBritainwere

A、theJutes.

theCelts.

C、theSaxons.

D、theIberians.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：目前所知的英國(guó)最早的居民為theIberians,生活在公元前3000年的

新石器時(shí)代。早期英國(guó)不斷受到入侵者的騷擾，theCelts丁公元前700年來(lái)到英

國(guó)，theJutes和theSaxons在公元五世紀(jì)時(shí)到來(lái)，并征服了這片土地，故D正確。

24、WhichofthefollowingpoetsdrawsrichnutritionfromChineseclassicalpoems?

A、PearlS.Buck.

B、EzraPound.

C^WallaceStevens.

D^JeromeDavidSalinger.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：艾茲拉.龐德(EzraPound)是從中國(guó)古典詩(shī)歌中汲取養(yǎng)分較多的美國(guó)詩(shī)

人,選B。

25、firstmadeblankverseintheprincipleinstrumentofEnglishdrama.

A、Shakespeare

B、ChristopherMarlowe

C、Bacon

D、BenJohnson

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：馬洛首次在英國(guó)戲劇中使用無(wú)韻詩(shī)。

26Australiaiscomposedofstatesandterritories.

A、10,2

B、6,2

C、48,2

D、10,3

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：澳大利亞全國(guó)分為6個(gè)州和2個(gè)地區(qū)，

27、WhichofthefollowingisNOTthemajorpartyofAustralia?

A、LaborParty.

B、LiberalPartyofAustralia.

C>NationalPartyofAustralia.

D、CommunistParty.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：LaborParty(工黨)于1901年成立，是澳大利亞第一大政黨；Liberal

PartyofAusiralia(澳大利亞自由黨)于1945年成立，是澳大利亞第二大政黨；

NationalPartyofAustralia(澳大利亞國(guó)家黨)是澳大利亞第三大政黨。

28、IfwearetousethetechniqueofICanalysistoanalyzethesentenceheconieshere

tomakehisspeech,whereisthefirstcut?

A^betweenheandcomes

B、betweencomesandhere

C、betweenmakeandhis

D^betweenhisandspeech

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：直接成分分析法(ImmediateConsliluer.lAnalysis,簡(jiǎn)作ICAnalysis)指

的是句子結(jié)構(gòu)是一種分級(jí)層式的結(jié)構(gòu)(HierarchicalStructure),其下有詞組、詞、語(yǔ)

索等等，下級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)體是上級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)體的成分(Constituems),而直接相鄰于上級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)體

的小單位就是前者的直諼成分(IC)。直接成分分析法通過(guò)多次的二元切割將句子分

割為詞組、單詞的一種句子分析手段。第一次劃分一般在主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間。

29、ThenovelbySamuelRichardsonisconsideredthefirstEnglishpsycho-

analyticalnovel.

A、Pamela

B、RobinsonCrusoe

C、JonathanWild

D^Amelia

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

30、RalphWaldoEmersonwasarepresentativeof.

A、romanticism

B、realism

C^surrealism

D、transcendentalism

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

31、Bywemeanlanguagecommunicationisconstrainedbyneithertimenor

space.

A、arbitrariness

B、displacement

C、creativity

D、culturaltransmission

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

32、WhatarethecomponentsoftheBritishParliament?

A、TheSenateandtheHouseofRepresentatives.

B>TheHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.

C>TheSenate,theHouseofRepresentativesandtheQueen/King.

D、TheHouseofLords,theHouseofCommonsandtheQueen/King.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：議會(huì)是英國(guó)的最高司法和立法機(jī)構(gòu)，由君主、上議院(theHouseof

Lords)和卜議院(theHouseofCommons)組成。

六、改錯(cuò)（本題共70題，每題7.0分，共70分。）

Artcanbemadeofalmostanything,includingsubstances[Milthathavenot

beenproducedandusedinages,anditcomesinallshapesandsizes.Moreimportantly,

scientistshavetostudyartwithoutaffectingit,[M2]andthatusuallymeans

limited,destructivetests.[M3]Iftheyhavelotakeasample,itmustbeas

smallaspossible.Intheobjectsconservationlab,thebigsampleslookastheperiodat

theendofthissentence.[M4]Smallsamplesaremicroscopic.Thescientists

havedevelopedcreativewaystodealtheconstraints.Considerthecaseofthefishpenda

[M5]Goldwithmulticoloredenamel,itwasoriginallythoughttodateinthe

16thcentury.[M6]Andcuratorsandconservatorssawthatthestylewasall

wrongforthatperiod.[M7]Itwaseithermislabeledorapretence.Mark

Wypyski,aglassspecialistwhoruns[M8]thescanningelectronmicroscopeat

themuseum,tookatinyporcclainlikesamplefromagreenpartofthependantand

bombardeditwithelectrons,causingittoemitX-rayscharacteristicoftheelementsinit.

Mr.Wypyskiinterpretedtheresultsastheypoppedonacomputermonitor.[M9]

Therewaschromium,whichwasnotusedinglassorenamelssincethe19th

century.[MIO]

33、[Ml]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：of改成from

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：短語(yǔ)搭配及邏輯關(guān)系。bemadeof指的是容易判斷出原材料的物品，

而bemadefrom指的是難以判斷出原材料的物品。這里兼顧到后面的文章中的

“substancesthathavenotbeenproducedandusedinages”,可以判斷出應(yīng)該使用后

者。

34、[M2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：importantly改成important

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：詞語(yǔ)使用。這里的“moreimportant”是作為句子外頭的插入語(yǔ)，因此

按照語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣使用形容詞形式。

35、[M3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：destructive改成nondeslructive

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：邏輯關(guān)系。由一上文的“scientistshavetostudyartwithoutaffectingit”

一句判斷，這里應(yīng)該是非破壞性的措施。

36、[M4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:as改成like

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：詞語(yǔ)搭配。這里指的足看起來(lái)“像……一樣（大）”的意思，因此應(yīng)該用

like。

37、[M5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：dealAtheconstraints改成dealwiththeconstraints

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：固定搭配。deal在作為“處理”講時(shí)為不及物動(dòng)詞，后面加with。

38、[M6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：in改成from

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：固定搭配?？梢浴白匪莸健瓡r(shí)候”是固定短語(yǔ)datefrom。

39、[M7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：And改成Bui

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：邏輯關(guān)系。由上下文判斷，這里指的是“本來(lái)認(rèn)定為……”，但發(fā)現(xiàn)事

實(shí)并不是這樣，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)使用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。

40、[M8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案；pretence改成forgery/fake

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：邏輯關(guān)系及詞義辨析。這里根據(jù)上下文判斷是指“要么判斷錯(cuò)誤，要

么是腰品“，而preience指的是“虛偽，偽裝”，意義上不符合。forgery和fake都指

的是“仿冒真品造出的復(fù)制品“，即鷹品。

41、[M9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：popAon改成up

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：詞語(yǔ)使用。pop一詞雖然為不及物動(dòng)詞，指“突然出現(xiàn)“，但是必須要

加副詞或者介詞短語(yǔ)使用，在顯示器上出現(xiàn)，即我們常說(shuō)的“跳出……”，是pop

Upo

42、[MIO]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：since改成until

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：邏輯關(guān)系及詞語(yǔ)使用。根據(jù)上下文判斷，說(shuō)的是本來(lái)認(rèn)為16世紀(jì)的

藝術(shù)品，被發(fā)現(xiàn)含有19世紀(jì)以后才使用的材料，加之前面主句用了否定，因此

“not…until"，“直到...才”是正確的用法，而使用since則是錯(cuò)誤的。

七、漢譯英（本題共，題，每題7.。分，共7分。）

43、中國(guó)是人類(lèi)文明最早的發(fā)源地之一，中華文明也是世界上最古老的文明之

一。從文字、青銅器等在中國(guó)出現(xiàn)并被子使用開(kāi)始，古老的中華大地便迎來(lái)了古代

文明晨曦。造紙術(shù)、火藥、印刷術(shù)、指南針等發(fā)明，是中華民族對(duì)世界文明的突出

貢獻(xiàn)。孔子、老子等偉大思想家在兩千多年前創(chuàng)立的哲學(xué)思想，經(jīng)后世哲人豐富與

發(fā)展，對(duì)中國(guó)及世界其他地區(qū)都產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。中國(guó)古代的睿智哲賢提倡的

“四海之內(nèi)皆兄弟”、“和為貴”“海納百川”等思想主張，對(duì)中華文明與其他文明間的

交流和事例產(chǎn)生著重要的影響。在數(shù)千年間，中國(guó)各族人民創(chuàng)造并不斷豐富著自己

的文明，中華民族以燦爛的文化藝術(shù)和光學(xué)的科技成就屹立于世辦民族之林。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Asoneoftheoldestbirthplaceofhumancivilizations,Chinahasoneofthe

mostancientcivilizationsintheworld.Withtheinventionanduseofwrittencharacters

andbronzewaresinChina,thefirstraysofancientcivilizationeastontotheancient

Chineseland.Suchinventionsaspapermaking,gunpovzder,printingandthecompassarc

outstandingcontributionsoftheChinesenationtotheworldcivilization.The

philosophiesofgreatthinkerslikeConfuciusandLaoziover2,000yearsago,enriched

andfurtherdevelopedbylaterphilosophers,haveexertedagreatinfluenceinChinaand

therestoftheworld.IdeasadvocatedbyancientChinesephilosophers,thewiseandable,

suchas"allmenunderheavenarebrother","hannonyisthemostprecious',and\the

oceanaccommodatesallriversonearth"remainhighlyinfluentialintheexchangeand

integrationamongtheChinesecivilizationandothercivilizations.Forseveralthousand

years,thepeopleofallethnicgroupsinChinahavebeenfosteringandconstantly

enrichingtheirowncivilizations.Withitsresplendentcultures,artsandscientificand

technologicalachievements,theChinesenationstandsrockfirminthefamilyofnations.

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

八、英譯漢（本題共［題，每題1.0分，共I分。）

44、Ifwewanttoavoidthedisasterscenario,peopleindevelopedcountrieswillhaveto

takeaglobalperspectiveandacceptresponsibilityforthedamageexportcropssuchas

timber,coffee,cutflowersorevengreenbeans,dototheenvironment.Thechallengeis

toavoidsimplyimposingwesternattitudesonlocalpeoples.Alreadytherearenotruly

wildplacesleftintheworld.Lookingatwildlifehasbecomethepreserveofthemiddle

classesoverthelasttwenty-oddyears,andaswildanimalsbecomeevenrarer,somore

touristswanttoseethem.Buttourismaloneplainlycannotconservetheworld'sanimals;

economicdevelopmentisthepriority.Forthefuture,Isuspectthatifyoureallywantto

dosomethingaboutwildlifeconservation,youwouldbebetteroffpullingyourmoney

intowomen'seducationratherthanjustintotheprotectionofflagshipspecies.Womsn

oftenbearthedirectcostsofwildlifeconflict;theirknowledgeofhowtodealwith

conflictandhowtocontroltheirownreproductivedestiniesmayyetdeterminethe

survivalofmanythreatenedspecies.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：要想避免災(zāi)難局面的發(fā)生，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的人必須從全球角度看問(wèn)題，并

為木材.、咖啡、鮮花甚至菜豆之類(lèi)出口作物對(duì)環(huán)境造成的危害承擔(dān)責(zé)任。需要謹(jǐn)慎

的是，應(yīng)避免簡(jiǎn)單地把西方的立場(chǎng)強(qiáng)加于當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣瘛Ｄ壳笆澜缟弦呀?jīng)沒(méi)有真正的

荒野了。在過(guò)去的20多年里，觀賞野生動(dòng)物已成為中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的專(zhuān)有權(quán)，隨著野生

動(dòng)物變得更加稀少，想看野生動(dòng)物的游客會(huì)更多。但是單靠旅游'也顯然不可能保護(hù)

世界上的動(dòng)物；經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展才是首要任務(wù)。我認(rèn)為，為了未來(lái)，人們要是真想在野

生動(dòng)物保護(hù)方面做一些事，最好還是把錢(qián)投在婦女教育上，而不僅僅用于保護(hù)那些

帶象征意義的重要物種。婦女常常承受著與野生動(dòng)物發(fā)生沖突的直接代價(jià)；她們是

否知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)沖突，能否掌握自己的生育命運(yùn)，有可能決定著許多瀕危物種的生

存。

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：這段材料選自CambridgeAlumniMagazine1999年第28期的Wildlife

Conservationo本文探討野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)問(wèn)題，是說(shuō)明文體，句式不是很復(fù)雜，語(yǔ)言

表達(dá)規(guī)范，出現(xiàn)個(gè)別生詞，但翻譯時(shí)可根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行推敲，通順譯出。第一

段首句中的scenario原意為“場(chǎng)景”，此處引申為工可能或?qū)⒁l(fā)生/出現(xiàn)的）事態(tài)，

局面“otakeaglobalperspective即“從全球角度看問(wèn)題acceptresponsibilityfor意

為“為……承擔(dān)責(zé)任”。exportcrops是指“出口作物”或“出口農(nóng)林產(chǎn)品”，其后內(nèi)容是

damage的定語(yǔ)從句。cutflower。是指剪切并包裝好以供在超市或花店出售的解

花。這里譯成“鮮花”即可。Greenbeans指“菜豆”。北京叫“扁豆”，有些地方叫“四

季豆”。challenge原意為“難辦、須認(rèn)真對(duì)待的事”，這里可以譯成“需要謹(jǐn)慎的

（是廣。attitude這里譯成，立場(chǎng)”或“觀念”比“態(tài)度”恰當(dāng)，因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)一般不說(shuō)把某一態(tài)

度強(qiáng)加給某人。第二段第二句中preserve的原意是“獨(dú)占的領(lǐng)域、活動(dòng)范圍等”，這

里可澤為“專(zhuān)有權(quán)”。twenly-odd意為“20多”。末句中的priority意為“優(yōu)先考慮的事

情”，即“首要任務(wù)”。末段首句中的you泛指“人們工注意該句中后一個(gè)you在譯

成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。dosomethingabout意為“在...方面/為...做一些事”。you

wouldbebetleroff用于提建議，意思是“最好"。putmoneyinto...意思是“把錢(qián)花/投

到……上”。注意英語(yǔ)的介詞是into,漢語(yǔ)的是“上flagship的含義是“旗艦性質(zhì)

的“，也就是“最重要的"、“帶象征意義的“。reproductivedestinies原意是“生育命

運(yùn)”。作者的意思是，如果婦女知道如何計(jì)劃生育，少生孩子，就不會(huì)有那么多的

人口與野生動(dòng)物爭(zhēng)奪生存空間。threatenedspecies意為“受到威脅的物種”，即“瀕危

物種”。

九、作文（本題共7題，每題1.0分，共］分。）

45、ChinesearenolongerstrangerstoWesternFestivals.ManyChinesepeoplenow

celebratetheValentine'sDay,ThanksgivingDay,ChristmasandevenHalloween.Some

peoplethinkitisabsurdforChinesetoobservetheseWesternFestivals.Doyouagree

thatweshoulddiscourageChinesetocelebrateWesternFestivals?Writeanessayof

about400words.Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetitleforyouressay.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：OnCelebratingWesternFestivalsAsourlifeisincreasinglyglobalized,itis

nowondertosecthatChinesecelebratebothtraditionalfestivalsandsomeofthewestern

ones.Despitethelegitimateskepticismofcelebratingforeignholidays,weshouldnot

discourageChinesetodoso.Tobeginwith,Chinese,byobservingwesternholidays,are

lookingfbrmorereasonstodosomethingspecial.Forinstance,peoplesendingout

"thank-you"SMSmessagesonThanksgivingDayaretryingtoexpresstheirgratitudeto

thosewhohavehelpedthem.Thosewhopresentabouquetofredrosestotheirgirl

friendsonValentine'sDayareseizinganotherchancetoasserttheirloveand

commitment.Weshouldnotmakeafussandballoonthesebehaviorsintoconspiracy,

claimingthatwesternideasarcthreateningChineseones.IamsureonQixiFestival,or

betterknownastheChineseValentine'sDay,loverswillbenolesscommittedand

romantictotheirpartners.Ifpeoplearelookingfbrmoreopportunitiestobegrateful,

happyandloved,wecertainlyshouldnotbethebuzzkillers.Furthermore,western

festivalsareanotheroccasiontoboostsalesandpromoteconsumption.AsChinais

restructuringitseconomy,domesticconsumptionisyettobespurred.Inthiscontext,

westernfestivalsareagoodreasonforpeopletospend.ItisacommonpracticeinChina

thatonfestivals,ChineseorWestern,manydepartmentstoresandshoppingmallswillgo

onsalescampaigns,whichattractthecustomertrafficanddrivebusiness.Ifwestern

festivalsarcdiscouiagcd,thecuiisuiiipliuiiindusliywilllosesumcof11icualalyslslu

stimulatepeopletoconsume.WhileIextolthebenefitsofobservingwesternfestivals,I

amnotsayingthatweshoulddoitwithoutknowingtheessenceofthefestivals.Each

festivalisaculturalandhistoricallessonforustolearn.Thatiswhymassmediashould

givefullplaytoitsfunctionofinformingthepublic.Forexample,onHalloween,mass

mediacouldbrieflytalkaboutitsoriginanddevelopment.Betterstill,thecomparison

betweenHalloweenandChineseghostfestivalcouldbemadeintheInternetor

newspapers.Inthisway,Chinesewillbecometrulyglobalcitizens,whounderstandand

respectthediversifiedculturesintheworld.Toconclude,weshouldnotdiscourage

ChinesetocelebrateWesternFestivals.Instead,weshouldallowpeoplemorechancesto

haveafestivemoodandtocontributetothedomesticconsumption.Withthehelpof

massmedia,observingwesternfestivalscouldbeastepforwardtoatolerantnation,

whichembracesculturaldiversities.

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)八級(jí)模擬試卷第2套

一、聽(tīng)力復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)（本題共10題，每題7.0分，共

70分。）

Non-VerbalCommunicationInthistalk,wearegoingtotalkaboutthedefinitionofnon-

verbalcommunication,dimensionsofnon-verbalcommunicationandimpression

formationandmanagementofnonverbalcommunication.I.Definitionandthefive

primaryfunctionsA.Definition:Communicationthatisproducedbysomemeansother

thanwordsB.Thefiveprimaryfunctions1.ExpressionofEmotion-Throughtheface,

[Bl],andvoice[Bl]2.[B2]ofInterpersonalAltitudes

[B2]—Toneofvoice,gaze,andtouch3.AccompanyandSupportSpeech一

Noddingone'shead—Usingphraseslike”uh-huh"whenanotheristalking4.Self-

Presentation—Appearance5.[B3][B3]—Greetings,handshakes

orotherritualsII.Traditionaldimensionsofnonverbalcommunication1.Physical

Appearance—Thefirstnonverbalmessages—Canbeusedtodeveldpjudgments2.

TerritoryandPersonalSpace-Personalspace:thespaceanindividualmaintainsaround

himorherself—Territory:alargerareaanindividualcontrolsthatcanprovideprivacy

3.[B4][B4]—Happiness,surprise,fear,sadness,anger,

disgust/contempt4.[B5][B5]一Reflectindividualthought

processesandregulatecommunication5.Touch-Aninteq)ersonalbondisbeing

offeredorestablished6.Time-Past-oriented:usepastto[B6][B6]

一Future-oriented:workfortomorrow-Present-oriented:livefortodayIII.Impression

formationandmanagementofnonverbalcommunicationA.Definition:anindividual's

consciousattemptatcontrolovercommunicationbehaviorsto[B7]others

[B7]B.Twoimportantfunctionsforimpressionmanagement:一[B8]

function:consciouslytryingtocontroltheimpressionone[B8]makes

onthepersonwithwhomoneiscommunicatingwith——Affectmanagement:consciously

controllingyouremotionalresponseC.Fourdimensionsofimpressions:一[B9]

[B9]—Likeability—Interpersonalattractiveness—DominanceD.

Factorsthatinfluencetheimpressionsweformaboutotherpeople:—Stereotypes-

Firstimpressions一[BIO][BIO]一Lastimpressions

1、[Bl]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：body

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查的是表達(dá)情感這一功能可以通過(guò)哪些方面來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。講座中提

到可以通過(guò)臉、身體和聲音來(lái)表達(dá)情感。因此，這里填的是body。

2、[B2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Communication

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：非語(yǔ)言文字交際也可以表達(dá)人際關(guān)系之間的態(tài)度，即人際關(guān)系的建立

與維系通常是通過(guò)非語(yǔ)言文字信號(hào)來(lái)表達(dá)的（比如聲調(diào)、凝視和觸碰等）。本題的答

案為Communicationo

3、[B31

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:Rituals

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：非語(yǔ)言文字交際的第五大功能是儀式，即打招呼、握手等其他類(lèi)似的

儀式。本題的答案為Rituals。

4、[B4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：FacialExpressions

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從傳統(tǒng)的意義上說(shuō)，非語(yǔ)言文字交際分為幾大方面，人們最常使用面

部表情這種非語(yǔ)言文字交際的方式來(lái)表達(dá)態(tài)度以及情感。所以答案為Facial

Expressionso

5、[B5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：GesturesandPostures

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：動(dòng)作和姿勢(shì)也是反映人們思考過(guò)程和交流方式的一種手段，本題的答

案為GesluresandPosaire。本題考查的是關(guān)鍵信息，應(yīng)在聽(tīng)力時(shí)適當(dāng)做筆記，如果

在聽(tīng)力中未能記錄下信息，學(xué)生應(yīng)能從下文的分論點(diǎn)中辨別出本段話(huà)的中心思想，

推理出答案。

6、[B6]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：shapethepresent

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：時(shí)間也是非語(yǔ)言文字交流的一種手段，人們談?wù)摃r(shí)間或者使用時(shí)間的

方式可以反映出一個(gè)人的性格，有些人是為未來(lái)而工作，有的人則活在當(dāng)下，還有

一些人用過(guò)去塑造現(xiàn)在。所以本題的答案為shapethepresento

7、[B7]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：impress

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：非語(yǔ)言文字交流也可以用于印象管理。印象管理指的是人們有意識(shí)的

控制交流行為和提示，以達(dá)到目的，令對(duì)方產(chǎn)生自己想獲得的印象。這里考生需要

把makeadesiredimpression轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞impress。

8、[B8]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案:Presentational

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：印象管理有幾種功能，其中的一種是presemationalfunction,即展示

功能，人們通過(guò)非語(yǔ)言文字交流等手段有意識(shí)地控制交流對(duì)象對(duì)他們的印象。所以

本題的答案為Presentationalo

9、[B9]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Credibility

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：印象分為四大方面，本題考查的是第一方面“可靠度”，即一個(gè)人看起

來(lái)能力多大，可信賴(lài)程度有多高。所以本題的答案為Credibilily。

10、[D10]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Selectiveperceptions

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：影響一個(gè)人的印象的有幾個(gè)方面，其中的一個(gè)為“選擇性的看法”，即

我們更為注意的方面，總是與我們過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷和關(guān)注的問(wèn)題聯(lián)系更為緊密的。本題

的答案為Selectiveperceptionso

二、聽(tīng)力對(duì)話(huà)組題（本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5

分。）

11、Accordingtotheinterview,whathappenedsinceMaryAnnwere100?

A、Shehadablimpride.

B、Shehadahorseride.

C>ShetouchedtheHollywoodsign.

D、Shestayedathome.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析

12^WherewasMaryAnnborn?

A、Inasmallvillage.

B>NorthofChicago.

C、InWashington.

D、InHawaii.