專業(yè)英語四級(jí)（閱讀）模擬試卷17（共166題）

專業(yè)英語四級(jí)（閱讀）模擬試卷17（共

9套）

（共166題）

專業(yè)英語四級(jí)（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套

一、常規(guī)閱讀理解（含5小題）（本題共20題，每題

1.0分，共20分。）

Testinghasreplacedteachinginmostpublicschools.Myownchildren'sschoolweekis

framedbypretests,drills,tests,andretests.Theyknowthatthebestwaytoreada

textbookistolookatthequestionsattheendofthechapterandthenskimthetextforthe

answers.IbelievethatmydaughterErica,whogetsexcellentmarks,hasneverreada

chapterofanyofherschooltextbooksallthewaythrough.Andteachersarcoftenheard

tostateproudlyandopen'ythattheyteachtothemandatedstatetest.Teachingtothetest

isacuriousphenomenon.Insteadofdecidingwhatskillsstudentsoughttolearn,helping

studentslearnthem,andthenusingsomesensiblemethodsofassessmenttodiscover

whetherstudentshavemasteredtheskills,teachersareencouragedtoreversetheprocess.

Firstonelooksatacommerciallyavailabletest.Thencndistillstheskillsneedednotto

masterreading,say,ormath,buttodowellonthetest.Finally,thetestskillsaretaught.

Theabilitytoreadorwriteorcalculatemightimplytheabilitytodoreasonablywellon

standardizedtests.However,neitherreadingnorwritingdevelopssimplythroughbeing

taughttotaketests.Wemustbecarefultoavoidmistakingpreparationforatestofaskill

withtheacquisitionofthatskill.Toomanydiscussionsofbasicofskillsmakethis

fundamentalconfusionbecausepeoplearetest-obsessedratherthanconcernedwiththe

natureandqualityofwhatistaught.Recently,manyschoolshavefacedwhatcouldbe

calledthecrisisofcomprehensionor,insimpleterms,thephenomenonofstudentswith

phonicandgrammarskillsstillbeingunabletounderstandwhattheyread.Thesestudents

arccompetentattesttakingandfillinginworkbooksanddittomasters.However,they

havelittleornoexperiencereadingorthinking,andtalkingaboutwhattheyread.They

knowthedetailsbutcan'tseeorunderstandthewhole.Theyaretaughttobeso

concernedwithgradethattheyhavenotimeoreaseofmindtothinkaboutmeaning,and

rereadthingsifnecessary.

1>Whatdoteachersthinkaboutteachingtothemandatedstatetest?

A、Itiscommonlyrecognized.

Itiscuriouslycontroversial.

C、Ithasbeenexceptionallyeffective.

D^Ithasbeeninadequatelydeveloped.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第1段末句中的openly和proudly表明教師普遍接受應(yīng)試教育的模

式，由此可見，A為本題答案。B中的curiously與第2段首句中的curious為同族

詞，但第2段首句是作者的觀點(diǎn)，而且B中的controversial沒有原文依據(jù)，教師對

應(yīng)試教育的看法比較一致，不存在爭議，因此B不正確；原文除了第1段末句指

出教師對應(yīng)試教育模式的看法外，其他都是作者的觀點(diǎn)，因此，C和D均無原文

依據(jù)。

2、Asitisindicatedinthesecondparagraph,theauthorfindsitstrangethat

A、skillsaredeterminedbeforetestsareset.

B、testsarcusedtoassessstudents'skills.

C、testsrestricttheskillsnecessaryforstudents.

D^skillsareconsolidatedbytakingtests.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C」

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段最后三句分別以First,Then,Finally開頭，表明在教育的過

程中測試和技巧的順序，由此順序可見，C是正確的說法。A與第2段最后三句提

到的順序相反，囚此不正確；B和D都是作者眼中正常的教育程序。使作者覺得

奇怪的應(yīng)為與此相反的看法，因此這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)不符合題意。

3、Accordingtothethirdparagraph,"thisfundamentalconfusion"referstothefactthat

A、thebasicofskillshavebeendiscussedtoomuch.

B、atestofaskillhasbeenequatedwithacquiringtheskill.

C>thenatureandqualityofwhatistaughtarerarelyconcerned.

D、skillsdonotdevelopbybeingtaughttotaketests.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的“thisfundamentalconfbsion”定位到第3段末句c該句中

的this表明該詞組的所指應(yīng)該在上一句提到，B是對第3段倒數(shù)第2句的近義改

寫，因此為本題答案。

4、Thecrisisofcomprehensionismostprobablyresultedfrom

A、students5insufficientphonicandgrammarskills.

B、teachingthattakesupmuchofstudents'freetime.

C>teachingthatemphasizesdetailsratherthanthewhole.

D、students,incompetenceinthinkingaboutwhattheyread.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D'

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：最后一段第3句和末句反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)了學(xué)生沒有時(shí)間think,因此D為本

題答案。本題最具干擾性的是C,最后一段最后三句也提到了學(xué)生不能懂得所讀資

料的大意，但末句提到這是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生過于關(guān)注分?jǐn)?shù)而沒有時(shí)間關(guān)注大意，并非因?yàn)?/p>

老師教導(dǎo)他們無須關(guān)注大意，因此C不正確。A中的phonicandgrammarskills在最

后一段首句提及，但insufficienl這一信息沒有原文依據(jù)；該段末句提到nolime

時(shí)，指出的是學(xué)生沒有時(shí)間思考，B斷章取義，不正確。

Aboutfortyyearsago,IwasaninstructorinthemilitaiyacademyatWoolwich,when

youngScoresbywasgivenhisfirstexamination.Ifeltextremelysorryforhim.

Everybodyansweredthequestionswell,intelligently,whilehe一why,dearme-hedid

notknowanything,sotospeak.Hewasanice,pleasantyoungman.Itwaspainfultosee

himstandthereandgiveanswersthatweremiraclesofstupidity.Iknewofcoursethat

whenexaminedagainhewouldfailandbethrownout.So,Isaidtomyself,itwouldbea

simple,harmlessacttohelphimasmuchasIcould.Itookhimasideandfoundheknew

alittleaboutJuliusCeasai*'shistory.But,hedidnotknowanythingelse.So,Iwentto

workandtestedhimandworkedhimlikeaslave.Imadehimwork,overandoveragain,

onafewquestionsaboutCeasar,whichIknewhewouldbeasked.Ifyouwillbelieve

me,hecamethroughverywellonthedayoftheexamination.Hegothighpraisetoo,

whileotherswhoknewathousandtimesmorethanheweresharplycriticized.Bysome

strange,luckyaccident,hewasaskednoquestionsbutthoseImadehimstudy.Suchan

accidentdoesnothappenmorethanonceinahundredyears.Well,allthroughhis

studies,Istoodbyhim,withthefeelingamotherhasforadisabledchild.Andhealways

savedhimselfbysomemiracle.Ithoughtthatwhatintheendwoulddestroyhimwould

bethemathematicsexamination.Idecidedtomakehisendaspainlessaspossible.So,I

pushedfactsintohisstupidheadforhours.Finally,Ilethimgoto(heexaminationto

experiencewhatIwassurewouldbehisdismissalfromschool.Well,sir,trytoimagine

theresult.Iwasshockedoutofmymind.Hetookfirstprize!Andhegotthehighest

praise.Ifeltguiltydayandnight—whatIwasdoingwasnot.right.ButIonlywantedto

makehisdismissalalittlelesspainfulforhim.Ineverdreameditwouldleadtosuch

strange,laughableresults.Ithoughtthatsoonerorlateronethingwassuretohappen:

Thefirstrealtestoncehewasthroughschoolwouldruinhim.

5、Accordingtothenarrator,Scoresbypassedtheexamsbecauseof

A、thenarrator'shelp.

Scoresby'sgoodluck.

C、Scoresby'shardwork.

D、theteachers5kindness.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第4段倒數(shù)第2句中的lucky以及該段最后一句和第5段末尾的

miracle都表明作者認(rèn)為Scores—by是因?yàn)檫\(yùn)氣好才能考試及格，因此本題應(yīng)選

Bo文章反復(fù)提到作者幫助Scoresby,但也多次提到作者認(rèn)為Scoresby笨到無可救

藥，由此可見，光靠作者的幫助或老師的仁慈，Scoresby是不可能考試及格的，由

此可將最具干擾性的A和D排除。

6、ThenarratordecidedtohelpScoresby

A、sothatScoresbywouldnotloseallhisconfidence.

B、sothatScoresbycouldstayatschoolaslongaspossible,

C、becausethenarratorregardedScoresbyashisownchild,

D、becausethenarratordidn'twanttoseethestudentslagbehind.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段第1句表明作者不想Scoresby被逐出學(xué)校，所以他決定盡力

幫助Scoresby以使他能待在學(xué)校，由此可見，本題應(yīng)選B。C試圖利用第5段第1

句提到的mother,child等詞混淆實(shí)現(xiàn)，該句只是一個(gè)比喻的說法，作者并沒有真

的把Scoresby看作自己的孩子，因此排除C；A、D無原文依據(jù)。

7、WhatdidthenarratorthinkaboutScoresby?

A、Scoresbywouldnevergetoverhisstupidity.

Scoresbywouldhaveapromisingfuture.

C、Scoresby7sstupiditywouldbecompensatedbyhardwork.

D、Scoresby'sfailureshouldbeattributedtohislaziness.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：全文提及作者對Scoresby的多次幫助，但每次幫助之后，作者又覺

得Scoresby還是靠運(yùn)氣才通過了考試，可見作者覺得Scoresby無法變聰明，因此

本題應(yīng)選A。文章最后一句表明作者對Scoresby畢業(yè)后的前途并不看好，B與此觀

點(diǎn)相反：C中的hardwork和D中的laziness均沒有原文依據(jù)。

8、Thenarratorfeltguiltyabout

A、beingunabletohelpScoresbytobesmart.

B、indulgingScoresby'sstupidity.

C、enablingScoresbytostayinschool.

D、makingScoresbyarrogant.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從文章開頭到倒數(shù)第2段講的都是作者如何幫助Scoresby,讓他盡可

能地留在學(xué)校里，最終Scoresby也真撐到了畢業(yè)，作者對造成這樣的結(jié)果感到內(nèi)

疚，害怕有朝一日會(huì)害了Scoresby,由此可見，本題應(yīng)選C。

9、The"firstrealtest"forScoresbywouldmostprobablybe

A、hisfirsttalkwithhissupervisor.

B、hisfirstservicetothecommunity.

C、hisfirstjobinterview.

D、hisfirsttaskasasoldier.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第1段首句中的militaryacademy表明Scoresby就讀的是一間軍校，

畢業(yè)后會(huì)當(dāng)士兵，由此可推斷，作者認(rèn)為Scoresby畢業(yè)當(dāng)兵后執(zhí)行第一次任務(wù)會(huì)

毀掉他，因此，本題應(yīng)選D。

WeneedtoreformtheEuropeansocialmodel,notplayroundwithit.Makeitworkinthe

longtermtoachievethevaluesitstandsfor.That'swhatwemeanbyNewLabour.New

inourmeans.ButLabourinouraims.Sincebeingelected,theNewLabourGovernment

hassetitscourseaccordingtotheseprinciplesofthethirdway,theradicalcentreifyou

like.First,wehavetightenedpublicfinancessharply.Nextyear,wewillhaveoneofthe

lowestlevelsofdeficitofanymajorworldeconomy.Twoyearsafterwemayeliminate

it.Butwehavetightenedthedeficitwithoutraisingincometaxesandwhilststillgetting

morecashtopoorpensionersandtotheunemployed.Second,wehavestartedtosqueeze

theinflationweinheritedbackoutofthesystem.ButwediditbygivingmeBankof

Englandindependenceoverthesettingofinterestrates.Andwehavecontinuedthatwith

far-reachingreformsofourfinancialsystem,tomakeitmoreopenandsecure.Thirdwe

havemadeafirmcommitmenttomoreinvestmentinoureducationsystem,whichwe

haveputasthetoppriorityofthenewGovernment.Thereisahugeinvestmentgoingin.

But,itisadeal:investmentforreform.Schoolsaregoingtohavetoraisestandards

sharply.Thereisastrongemphasisondiscipline,highqualityinteachers,andschools

arcbeingencouragedtobemoreflexibleandimaginativeinthewaytheywork.

EducationAuthoritiesaretheretohelpschools,notcontrolthem.Teachers'unionsdonot

settheagenda.Wewantpartnershipwiththosethatworkinourpublicservices.Butthey

arerunforthosethatusethem.Fourth,weareembarkingonreformofourwelfarestate.

Itisnotsimplythesizeofthebudget.Itisthatitisn'tdoingthethingsitwasestablished

todo.Wehavemoreworklesshouseholds,morepeopledependentonbenefit,more

sociallyexcluded.WeareinstitutingaWelfaretoWorkprogramme,givingyoungand

long-termunemployedpeoplethechancetoworkorgetaskill.Butinreturnthereisan

obligationtotakework.Thereisanewemphasisonserviceslikechildcareandlessjust

onextracashbenefits.Studentfinanceisbeingreformed.Universitieswillgetmore

moneyforinvestment,studentsnumberswillbeincreased,butstudentswillbeexpected

whentheystarttoearnreasonablesumsofmoneyafterleavinguniversity,tocontribute

backsomeoftheirfees.OurNHSisbeingreformed,withanewemphasisonbetter

primaryhealthcareandmorehealthpreventionandlessbureaucracy;inreturn,greater

investment.Fifth,thereisanattackoncrime,notjustseriouscrime,butvandalismand

juvenileoffending.Parentsarebeingheldresponsiblefortheactionsoftheirchildren,in

certaincircumstances.Crimeisthescourgeofmodern-dayliving.Itoftenaffectsthe

poorestinoursociety.Wearedeterminedtobeardownonitinallwayspossible.But,

again,inbalance,weareworkingstronglyonrehabilitatingandhelpingoffendersto

regainresponsiblelives.Sixth,thereisafundamentalchangetoBritain'sconstitution

underway,devolvinganddecentralisingpowertothenationsandregionsoftheUKand

revitalisinglocalgovernment.Wearealsoreformingoursystemofvotinginthe

Europeanelections,incorporatingdirectlytheEuropeanConventiononHumanRights

andintroducingFreedomofInformationlegislationtoopenuptheold-fashionedand

secretivesystemofGovernment.AndwearereformingtheHouseofLords.Addto(his

thesearchforpeaceinNorthernIreland-difficultandfraughtthoughitis-andyoucan

seewehaveafullandambitiousprogramme.Ofcourse,itwilltaketimetodeliver.That

isfrustratingforusandfortheelectorate.Buttheworkinprogressisthere.Thecourseis

clear.Andwewillgettoourdestination.Ihavenodoubtofit.

10、Bysaying"Laborinouraims",theLaborPartyintendedto

A、becometherulingpartyofBritain.

R、carryoutasocialreforminBritain.

C、attachimportancetothelaborforce.

D、improvetheworkingpeople'swelfare.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的“Laborinouraims”定位到第1段。將該段第3句開頭的

That'swhatwemean與開頭兩句的內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來就可以推斷本題應(yīng)選B。從第2段

可以知道這篇文章是工黨已經(jīng)成為執(zhí)政黨之后發(fā)表的，A不正確；C中的labor

force和D中的workingpeople都試圖與題干中的Labor扯上關(guān)系，但第1段并沒有

提到labor與這些有關(guān)。

11>Withfar-reachingreforms,itisexpectedthatwillbecomemoreopenand

secure.

A、theinterestrates

B、theBankofEngland

C、thefinancialsystem

D、thebattleagainstinflation

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題實(shí)際上考查第4段末句中代詞it的所指，分析該句可以知道it就

是句中的financialsystem,因此本題應(yīng)選Co

12、"they"inthelastsentenceofthe6thparagraphmostprobablyrefersto

A、EducationAuthorities.

R、Teachers,unions.

C、teachers.

D、schools.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第6段末句中的they代指前一句末尾的publicservices,結(jié)合該段關(guān)

于“教育”的話題可以推斷publicservices在該段特指“學(xué)?！?，因此本題應(yīng)選D。原

文該句中的被動(dòng)語態(tài)可以首先幫助排除Co其他兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不屬于public

serviceso

13、WhatisNOTthepurposeoftheWelfaretoWorkprogramme?

A^Todecreasethenumberofpeopleonbenefit.

B、Toenabletheunemployedtogetsomeskill.

C、Toenhancethequalityofserviceslikechildcare.

D^Toreducethejoblesspeople'srelianceonwelfare.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第7段第5句中的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)giving...表明WelfareloWork這一計(jì)

劃的作用是為了讓靠領(lǐng)救濟(jì)金生活的人掌握生活技能，找到工作，從而不用再領(lǐng)救

濟(jì)金。從這個(gè)角度來看，C符合題意。

14、WhatistheLaborPartydeterminedtodowitlicrimes?

A^Thegovernmentwillbemoretolerantwithcertainkindsofcrimes.

B、Offenders'rehabilitationwillbecomethegovernment'spriority.

C、Parentswillbepunishedfbrtheirchildren'sjuvenileoffending.

D^Allpossiblemeasureswillbetakentofightagainstcrimes.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第8段第5句中的關(guān)鍵詞是beardown,意為“擊倒”，而該句中的in

allways表明政府會(huì)采取“所有”措施打擊罪案，因此本題應(yīng)選D。A中的tolerant看

起來與bear詞義相關(guān)，但beardown不能分開理解，因此A根本沒有原文依據(jù)；B

中的rehabilitation在第8段末句有提及，但該句沒有提及這是政府的priority：第8

段第2句只表明“在某些情況下“家長要為孩子的非法行為負(fù)責(zé)任，可見C的說法過

于絕對。

15、IntheUK,powerwillbedelegatedto

A、thelocalgovernments.

B、thecentralgovernment.

C^therulingparty.

D、theconstitution.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第9段首句表明工黨政府決定將中央權(quán)力下放到地方政府，該句中

devolving的意思是“移交”,decentralising意為"（權(quán)力）下放”,根據(jù)tothenationsand

regionsoftheUKandrevitalizing（使恢復(fù)元?dú)猓﹍ocalgovernment可以直接選A。

IsitanywonderthatAmericaisalsoacountryofdangerouslyoverweightpeople?

AccordingtoarecentstudybytheNationalCenterforHealthStatistics,thenumberof

adultscharacterizedasoverweightintheUnitedStateshasjumpedtoanastonishingone-

thirdofthepopulation.Overweightinthiscasemeansbeingabout20percentormore

aboveaperson'sdesirableweight.Sincethefiguresfbr''desirableweight"havemoved

upwardoverthelastdecadeorso,totalpoundage—evenat20percentover-maybe

considerable.Soaretheattendanthealthrisks.Excessweighthasbeenlinkedto

cardiovasculardisease,hypertension,adult-onsetdiabetesandsomeformsofcancer,

amongotherdiseases.Once,whenworkandschoolandthegrocerystorewereatwo-

milehikeaway,Americanscouldaffordthecaloriestheyconsume.Butnotnow,not

whenmillionsspendfourorfivehoursadayinfrontofaTVset-alongwithabagof

chips,abowlofbutteredpopcornandasix-pack—andthere'sacarortwoinevery

driveway."Thereisnoccmmitmenttoobesityasapublichealthproblem,"saidDr.

WilliamDietz,directorofclinicalnutritionattheNewEnglandMedicalCenterin

Boston."We\eignoredit,andblameditongluttonyandsloth."Ifonedefinitionofa

publichealthproblemisitscosttothenation,thenobesityqualifies.Accordingtoastudy

donebyDr.GrahamA.Colditz,whoteachesatHarvardMedicalSchool,itcostAmerica

anestimated$68.8billionin1990.Butwhat'swrongblamingitongluttonyandsloth?

True,someunfortunateoverweightpeoplehaveanunderlyingphysicalorgenetic

problem.ButformostAmericans,theproblemiswithtwoofthesevendeadlysins.

Losingweightisadesperatelydifficultbusiness.Preventinggain,however,isnot.

Consumerinformationiseverywhere,andtherecanbefewadultswhotrulybelievethat

hotdogs,fries,asodaandacoupleofTwinkiesmakeagoodlunch.Buttheyeatthem

anyway.AsmoreandmoreAmericansbecameeducatedtotherisksofsmoking,more

andmoreAmericansgaveupthehabit.NowitappearsthatAmericansneedanintensive

educationintherisksofstuffingthemselvesandfailingtoexerciseaswell.Giventhe

seductivenessofchocolateandcheese,thecouchandthecar,thathabitwillbehardio

break.Butifanounceofpreventioncanobviateapoundoffat,itiswellworththe

struggle.

16、Theauthorsetsupthestandardofoverweightpeoplebasedonthefactthat

A>thenumberofoverweightpeoplehasastonishinglyincreased.

B、peoplehaveadifferentideaabouttheirdesirableweightnow.

C、overweightbecomesathreattopeople'shealth.

D、theoverweightproblemhaslongbeenstudied.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：作者在第2段第2句定義了超重的概念，雖然沒有明確指出為什么要

以超出20%為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但是從下一句中的插入成分even...可以推斷，以前并非

以20%為超重的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，現(xiàn)在以此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是因?yàn)槿藗儗硐塍w重的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)改變了，

因此B為本題答案。關(guān)于超重的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，原文只有第2段第2、3句有涉及，因此，

雖然A和C的內(nèi)容在原文中都有提及，但都與超重的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)無關(guān)；而D中的long無

原文依據(jù)。

17、Bysaying"Soaretheattendanthealthrisks'1,theauthormeans

A、Americasuffershealthrisksaswellastheoverweightproblem.

B、healthrisksresultingfromoverweightareserioustoo.

C、overweightisclassifiedasoneofthehealthproblems.

D^peoplehavealsopaidmuchattentiontothepossiblehealthrisks.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考點(diǎn)是一個(gè)倒裝句，關(guān)鍵是理解其中的so和attendant的意思。

第2段主要指出肥胖問題很嚴(yán)重，可以推斷本句中的so指的是thehealthrisks也很

嚴(yán)重。從第3段第2句中的...hasbeenlinkedto…表明超重造成各種健康問題，該

旬是對前一句的進(jìn)一步解釋.由此可推斷本段首句中的theattendanthealthrisks可

理解為“超重造成對健康的危害”，結(jié)合這兩點(diǎn)的理解，可推斷B為本題答案。

18、WhatdoesWilliamDietzthinkofoverweight?

A^Overweightshouldbetreatedasapublichealthproblem.

B、Overweightshouldbeattributedtogluttonyandsloth.

C^Overweighthasmuchtodowithnutritionalproblems.

D、Overweighthasnothingtodowiththeoveruseofcars.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段首句是WilliamDietz對肥胖癥的看法，句中的obesilyasa

publichealthproblem表明Dietz認(rèn)為肥胖癥是一個(gè)公共健康問題，因此A為本題答

案。B是公眾對肥胖癥的看法，并非Dietz的看法；原文只有第5段是關(guān)于Dietz

的看法，C、D都不能在第5段找到依據(jù)。

19>MostAmericansbelievethat

A、theoverweightproblemhascostthenationmuch,

obesityisrelatedtoone'sphysicalconditions.

C^peoplewhoareoverv/eightareunfortunate.

D、gluttonyandslotharetwodeadlysins.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第6段末句的twoofthesevendeadlysins指的就是該段第3句提到的

gluttonyandsloth.由此可見，D為本題答案。根據(jù)第6段首句可知A是作者的看

法；B是第6段第4句提及的內(nèi)容。也是作者的看法；C是對第6段倒數(shù)第2句開

頭的someunfortunateoverweightpeople的曲解，而且這也不是大多數(shù)美國人的想

法。

20、Inordertosolvetheoverweightproblem,theauthorsuggeststhateveryoneneedto

A、betaughttopreventgainingweight.

B、beeducatedtoloseweighteffectively.

C^seekhelpfromconsumerinformation.

D、knowwhatmakesahealthydinner.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第7段開頭兩句表明preventinggain的做法比較可行，而第8段末句

表明education很重要，結(jié)合這兩點(diǎn)，可推斷A為本題答案。

專業(yè)英語四級(jí)(閱讀)模擬試卷第2套

一、選擇題(本題共70題，每題1.0分，共10分。)

(1)Corporatcscandal,laborreductions,economicrecession.Thepastyearhasbeena

soberingexperiencefortheaverageworker,areturnofthenose-to-thc-grindstonework

ethic,andatimetorolluptheshirtsleevesandgetserious.You'veseenyourworkload

increase,yourpayfrozen,andyourtrainingbudgetscut.Andtomakemattersworse,

you'veseenexpectationsforROI(ReturnonInvestment)riseande-learningcompanies

fall.(2)Needatissue?It'snotthatbad.Honest.Despitewhatyoumayhaveheard,funis

notdead.Intheburgeoningnicheofgame-basede-learning,agroupofcompaniesare

usingthevideogameskids(andadults)playasinspirationfordeliveringlearningthat

countersworkers1reluctancetowardstrainingandoffersanantidotetothestressthat

manyareunder.Nowthatincentivesofapayincreaseorpromotionarebeingreignedin

byhigherups,employeesarelessenthusiasticabouttakingtimeawayfromtheirjobsfor

training—managersevenlessso.Thesegame-basede-iearningapplicationscounterby

beingfun,engaging,andinsomecases,addictive.(3)But,ascanbeexpected,e-learning

thatdrawsheavilyonvideogamesinacoat-and-tiecultureisoftenatoughsell.

Advancedgamesandsimulationsdon'tcomecheap.Developmentcostsforcustom-

designedgamesoftentopthemilliondollarmarkandpurchasepricesarctypically

severalhundredthousanddollars.Suchaninvestmentmatchesthecostofin-classroom

training.Withtrainingbudgetcuts,companiesthatareonthefenceareunwillingtotake

achanceonanunprovenmodeofdelivery.Pragmatismandproventechnologyrulethe

day,ascompaniesdecidewhattheyreallyneedandsuppliersfigureouthowtodeliver.

Forsomeinthegame-basede-learningsegment,themoodisratherpensive.Forthem,

funisn'tdead.It'sjustonpause.(4)Forothers,it'sgameon.CompaniessuchasLearning

Ware,CorporateAdrenalin,andGames2Trainarefindingsuccessbydeliveringwithina

tightbudgetandprovidingback-enddatatoensurethatgamesearntheirkeep.Evenin

themidstofthiseconomicslump,game-basede-learningisdemonstratingitspotentialto

improvethewaywetrainanddobusiness.

1、E-lcarningcompaniesexpectthatvideogameswillbeusedfor.

A、inspiringchildren'spassionforlearning

inspiringworkers5passionfbrtheirjob

C、relievingemployeesfromworkpressure

D、relievingtheneedfbrcertainjobtraining

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段第5句中的for引出的就是這些公司開發(fā)電子游戲的目的，定

語從句里的offersanantidotetothestress表明電子游戲結(jié)合了學(xué)習(xí)的功能后，能幫

助員工減輕壓力，C就是對這個(gè)內(nèi)容的同義改寫，為本題答案。

2、Employeesarelessenthusiasticabouttrainingbecause.

A、promotiondoesn'ttaketrainingintoaccount

B、managersserveasabadmodelfortraining

C、itismoreandmoredifficulttogetapromotion

D、game-basede-learningisthemoreupdatedtrend

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段第6句開頭的Nowthat…引出的從句表明現(xiàn)在升職加薪的機(jī)會(huì)

都掌握在上司手里，這也就暗示著員工就算花時(shí)間去接受培訓(xùn)提升自己，也不能影

響升職加薪，這與A的內(nèi)容最接近，因此A為本題答案。

3、Inacoat-and-tieculture,peopletendtodemand.

A^thatgamesbecustom-designed

B、dialgainusandsimuldlioiisbuuliuap

C、higherbudgetlorin-classroomtraining

D^pragmatismandproventechnology

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析:根據(jù)題干中的coal-and-tieculture定位到第3段第1、6句。culturenJ

以理解為“人們崇尚的東西”，而第6句中的…⑹etheday表明現(xiàn)在人們崇尚的是

Pragmatismandproventechnology,由此可見，本題應(yīng)選D。

(l)"Canwespeakofthedeathoftheuniversity?"anEnglishnewspaperrecentlyasked.

Anotherofferedthediagnosis:"Stillbreathing."Notonlyatthisseminar,hereandnow,

butallovertheworldthefutureoftheuniversitiesisnowbeingdiscussed.Thisisnot

onlybecauseweareenteringanewcentury.Manypeopleareaskingwhetherthe

traditionalresearchuniversitiesinfacthaveanyfutureatall.Thisdoubtseemsmainlyto

beduetothedevelopmentofthenewtechnology,themassificationoftheuniversities,

theideaoflifelonglearning,thegrowingcompetitionfromotherlearninginstitutions一

andmaybealsobecauseofthestrongspecializationthatwenowareexperiencingin

mostfieldsofresearch.Manyexpertspredictthedemiseofuniversitiesasweknowthem

today,withacampus.(2)Mostuniversitiesinthewesternworld—atleastthepublic

universities-arenowexperiencingaseriouslackoffunds,andtheinstitutionalsolidarity

mustnottakeaformthatleadstoadrainingofstrengthandvitalityoftheuniversities.

Thereare,however,manywaysofshowingsolidaritywithoutusingtoomuchofthe

universities'ownfunding.Oneofthetasksoftheuniversitiesistokeepremindingthe

authoritiesoftheimportanceofspendingmoneyonresearchandeducationindeveloping

countries.Theuniversitiesthemselvesmustworkincloseco-operationwiththe

dcvclopmcnt-aidagencieswherethegovernmentprovidesmostoftheeconomic

resourcesandtheuniversitiesprovidethecompetence.Itisalsopossibletoshare

knowledgebygivingeasieraccesstorecentfindings,tomakepossibleacademicmobility

andincreasedtechnicalcooperationamongregionalgroupings.Variousacademic

cooperationprogramsmayprotectagainstbrain-drain,whichisnowaseriousthreatin

manycountries.(3)Onlythroughthedevelopmentoflocalskillandcompetence,through

increasednumbersofprovidersandusersofknowledge,canthedevelopingcountries

bridgethegapseparatingthemfromdevelopedcountries.Andthebridgingofthisgap

willleadtosocietiesthatarefreerandmorepeaceful.Theuniversitieshavethe

competence,thepossibilityandthereforealsoadutytopromotethe"intellectualand

moralsolidarityofmankind"asstatedintheUNESCOsconstitution.

4、Inthispassage,theaulhuiregardsuniversitiesprimarilyas.

A、aneducationalinstitution

aresearchinstitution

C>acommunalcomponent

D、asocialcomponent

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第1段第5句中的thetraditionalresearchuniversities表明本文討論的

話題圍繞科研型的大學(xué)，接下來的討論也是圍繞大學(xué)應(yīng)如何保持資金和科研之間的

平衡，可見，本文作者關(guān)注的是“科研”的問題，因比。本題應(yīng)選B。

5、Whatproblemsdothepublicuniversitiesinthewesternworldhavetoface

nowadays?

A^Theirstrengthandvitalityhavebeendraining.

B、Thegovernmenthaskeptreducingresearchfunds.

C、Theirfundingismainlyfromcommercialagencies.

D^Theyhavetopreventbrain-drainwithlimitedfunds.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中的publicuniversities定位到第2段第1句。該句提到了兩

個(gè)問題：lackoffunds和adrainingofstrengthandvilalityoD將這兩點(diǎn)綜合了在一

起，故為答案。雖然第2段最后一句提到brain-drain已威脅到了manycountries,

但這與題干中的westernworld指向有所不同，故A不正確；B中的keptreducing

沒有原文依據(jù)：第2段建議可以通過與別的機(jī)構(gòu)合作以獲得科研資金，可見“與商

業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)合作以獲取資金”只是建議，還沒成為現(xiàn)狀，故C不正確。

6、TheUNESCOismostconcernedabout.

A、thegapbetweendevelopinganddevelopednations

B、howtomakeoursocietyfreerandmorepeaceful

C、th