高一英語學案：生詞巧解Healthyeating

學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精庖丁巧解牛知識?巧學生詞巧解【詞析】音析:字母組合ie發(fā)音形析:die（死）+t義析：foodordrinkusedbyapersonoranimals【典句】Grandpatoldthechildrentodiet.爺爺叫孩子們節(jié)食。【拓展】1)同根詞：dietarian遵守飲食規(guī)定的人；dietary飲食的；dietitian飲食學家；dietetic 飲食學的2）常用搭配:healthydiet健康飲食；balanceddiet平衡膳食；beondiet節(jié)食【辨析】diet和fooddiet既可指習慣上吃的食物，又可指規(guī)定的食物,特指維持健康的定質(zhì)或定量的食物。food是一般用語，指任何能吃且有營養(yǎng)的東西.強調(diào)種類時，food可用復數(shù).【詞析】音析:e發(fā)，字母組合er發(fā)義析:thecapacityforworkorvigorousactivities【典句】Youngpeopleusuallyhavemoreenergythantheold。年輕人通常比老年人有活力.【辨析】energy，power和forceenergy意為“能量；能源；精力”。如：Heputallhisenergiesintohelpingher.他竭盡全力幫助她。power可指“動力、思維能力、權力等各種力量或能力”。如:Knowledgeispower。知識就是力量。force指物理學意義上的力，也指為做成某事而使用的力量，還常指武力。如：Therobbertookthemoneyfromtheoldmanbyforce。強盜用暴力把那個老人的錢搶走了。【詞析】音析：元音字母i發(fā)，tion發(fā)形析:digest(v。消化）+—ion(名詞后綴)義析:tobreakdownintomaterialsthatcanbeabsorbedandusedbythebody【典句】Thestudentscan’tdigestalltheknowledge,becausetheirdigestionispoor。由于他們的消化力差,這些學生消化不了所有的這些知識。【拓展】習慣搭配：tohaveagooddigestion消化力強tohaveapoordigestion消化力差【詞析】音析：字母組合ea發(fā)［i］形析：類似的詞還有beam（平衡木）義析：aseedorpodofanyoftheseplants【典句】Coffeebeansaretheseedsofcoffeeplants.咖啡豆是咖啡樹的果實?！就卣埂肯嚓P搭配：beancurd豆腐；soybean大豆；beansprout豆芽；fullofbeans精力充沛,精神飽滿;spillthebeans（無意中）泄露秘密【詞析】音析:第一個a讀，第二個a讀形析：ball（去l）+—ance(名詞后綴)義析:aweighingdevice;astablementalorpsychologicalstate；emotionalstability【典句】Helosthisbalanceandfellover.他失去平衡,所以跌倒?！就卣埂?）同根詞：unbalance不平衡；balanced平衡的；balanceable能保持平衡的2)常用搭配:inthebalance（命運)未定，在危急中，不確定；offbalance不穩(wěn)；onbalance總的來說；balanceddiet平衡的膳食；keepthebalanceof保持……的平衡【詞析】音析：元音字母i讀形析：類似的詞還有slam(v。砰地關上）義析：attractivelythininform【典句】Theydividedthemselvesintotwogroupsbecausesomeareslim，somearestout.他們分成兩組，因為有的瘦,有的胖?！就卣埂?）slim與down連用，意為“減肥";2）合成詞slim—jim意思是“瘦長的人”；3)同義詞有thin,lean，slight等；反義詞有stout。tiredof疲倦；厭倦【詞析】義析:needingsleeporrest【典句】Thereisafullmooninthesky，butwearetiredofsittingtherewatchingitforalong time.天上有一輪滿月，但是看久了我們卻厭倦了。【拓展】1)常用搭配：betiredofsth./doingsth。對……厭煩;betiredout筋疲力盡2）同根詞:tirelessadj。不易疲倦的；tiringadj.令人厭煩的【辨析】tired和tiringtired指的是某人的主觀感受；tiring指的是某人或某物使人感到疲憊和厭煩。如：atiringjob令人精疲力竭的工作；atiredman一個精疲力竭的人【詞析】音析：字母u讀,o讀,i讀形析:curio(古玩）+sity義析:thedesiretoknoworlearn【典句】Thecuriositymadehimfollowthestranger。好奇心驅(qū)使他跟蹤了那個陌生人?！就卣埂?）同根詞:curion.古玩,古董；curiosityn。好奇心，珍品；curiousadj。好奇的,奇怪的；curiouslyadv.好奇地;curiousnessn.好學,好奇2)相關搭配：becuriousabout對……好奇；outof/fromcuriosity在好奇心驅(qū)使下,出于好奇.如：Alanwenttoseethestrangemanmoreoutofcuriositythananythingelse。艾倫去見那個奇怪的人,完全是出于好奇。throwaway扔掉；丟棄【詞析】義析:sendwithforcebyusingthearm【典句】Don’tthrowawaythethrowawaypapereverywhere.不要把這些用過不要的廢紙丟得到處都是?！就卣埂?)throwaway是動詞詞組，意為“拋去”;而throwaway是合成形容詞或名詞，意思 是“用后拋去的"或“免費收發(fā)的宣傳品”。2）away的相關搭配:wearaway磨損，消耗；dieaway逐漸消失;passaway去世;breakaway掙脫;blowaway吹走；giveaway泄露；clearaway移走【詞析】音析：i讀，詞尾的e不發(fā)音形析：類似的詞還有die,tie，pie等義析：（tell)sth.thatisnottrue【典句】Helayonthegrassthinkingaboutthebiglie.他躺在草地上想著那個彌天大謊.【拓展】1)lie還可作動詞，有多個漢語意思。一定要記住取不同意思時該動詞的各種變化形 式,這通常是考查的重點。下面總結有助于記憶.動詞原形漢語意思過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie撒謊liedliedlyinglie躺,位于laylainlyinglay放,下蛋l(fā)aidlaidlaying2)習慣用法：telllies(撒謊)；whitelie（善意的謊言）【詞析】音析：e讀，字母組合ear在詞中讀,ch讀形析：re-(再次）+search（查找)義析:carefulstudyofsomethinginordertofindinformationaboutit【典句】Theyresearchedeverythingbeforetheymadeaconclusion.他們在作決定前就做了全面的調(diào)查研究.【拓展】相關搭配：doresearchon/in/into。。.研究……【詞析】音析：字母組合ea發(fā)[i］形析：weak(虛弱的）+-ness(名詞后綴)義析:thestateofbeingweak【典句】Weallhaveourweaknessesinourcharacter。我們性格上都有弱點?！就卣埂?）同根詞：weakadj.弱的2）相關搭配:beweakin在……較弱【詞析】音析：在s之后清輔音都要失去爆破，發(fā)成與之對應的濁輔音,所以tr發(fā)形析:strong(o變e）+—th（名詞后綴)義析：conditionofbeingstrong【典句】Hegatheredsomepowerfulstrengthtomovetheheavystone.他使出了特大的力氣移動了那塊大石頭?！就卣埂客~:strongadj.強壯的;strengthenv.加強【辨析】strength,power和forcestrength指人的力氣；power指能力,動力，權利；force指力量，兵力，壓力.【詞析】音析：字母i的讀音為［Ｉ］形析:類似的詞還有l(wèi)id,did，grid等義析:toclearorfreefromsth。thatisnotwanted【典句】Weshouldgetridofourbadhabits.我們要改掉我們的壞習慣?！就卣埂?）同義詞組：doawaywith2）由rid構成的詞組：getridof擺脫，除掉，拔除(眼中釘）；ridoneself（sb.,sth.）of擺脫，驅(qū)除，除去,解除【詞析】音析:a讀，ｏｕ讀【典句】Lastnight,Jimdreamedhegotalargeamountofmoney.昨天吉姆做夢得到很多錢?！就卣埂?）amount也可用作動詞,與to連用，意為“等于,總計,合計，總計達”.如：Hisdebtsamounttoover＄3000.他的欠債總數(shù)已達三千多美元。2）amount和number都可表示數(shù)量，前者表示不可數(shù)名詞的量,后者表示可數(shù)名詞的量。如：agreatamountofintelligence非常聰明;thenumberofgirlsinthisclass這個班級的女孩人數(shù)3)辨析：alargeamountof/largeamountsof和alarge/smallnumberofalargeamountof/largeamountsof修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：largeamountsofmoney大量的金錢alarge/smallnumberof修飾可數(shù)名詞。如:Therearealargenumberofpeoplethere.那里有很多人。getawaywith被放過;不受懲罰【詞析】義析:befreefrompunishment【典句】Thewintervacationiscoming,andwecangetawaywiththeheavybooks.寒假快到了,我們可以逃離繁重的作業(yè)了?！就卣埂肯嚓P搭配:getup起床;getoff下車;getusedtodoingsth。習慣于做……;getinaword插話;getintouchwith與……取得聯(lián)系;getto到達;getdownto著手于earnone’sliving謀生【詞析】義析：togetthepayforlifebyworking【典句】Heearnshislivingbysellingfruits。他靠賣水果謀生?！就卣埂縠arnone’sliving=makeone’sliving謀生【詞析】音析：e的讀音為［e］,b不發(fā)音義析：sumofmoneyownedtosb?！镜渚洹縄wasindebtatthattimebecausemyfatherwasinhospital.我那時因我父親住院而負債.【拓展】相關短語：beindebt欠債；beoutofdebt不欠債【詞析】音析:al發(fā)，后綴ly的讀音為［lＩ］形析：calm(adj.平靜的）+-ly(副詞后綴）義析:withoutmotion；freefromstrongfeelings【典句】Hefacedthedifficultycalmly.他平靜地面對困難?！就卣埂客~：calm平靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的【辨析】calm，quiet,silent和stillcalm指人的態(tài)度冷靜或自然界風平浪靜；quiet指沒有外界干擾的平靜，如可指人安靜,寡言;silent強調(diào)寂靜，指人保持沉默;still指靜止不動.【詞析】音析：are在這里的讀音為形析:類似的詞還有stare，spare,dare,fare,rare。義析:tolookatsb。orsth。angrily【典句】Theyglaredateachother。他們相互怒目而視.【辨析】glare,stare和seeglare是“怒視”；glareatsb.怒視某人.stare指“由于害怕,吃驚而睜大眼睛注視"；stareatsb。盯著某人。see指“看見,看到”?！驹~析】音析：i在重讀閉音節(jié)中的讀音為［Ｉ］義析:theextentthatonecango【典句】OurEnglishknowledgeissolimitedthatwemustlearnfromothers.我們的英語水平很