閱讀理解C篇-上海高考英語一模試題分類匯編（解析版）

專題06閱讀理解C篇

（一）

（2024年楊浦區(qū)區(qū)一模）

InmemoryofEleanor

-awoman

[1]EleanorLowenthal-mygrandmother-indesperateneedofincometoputherhusbandthroughgraduate

school,walkedintotheHarvardMuseumofComparativeZoology.There,sheconvincedthescientiststhatshewas

theperfectpersontomount（安放）andcatalogtheirgrowingantcollection.

[2]Atthetime,apromisinggraduatestudentnamedE.O.Wilsonwascomingupinthedepartment.Wilson,

whopassedawayinDecember2021,wascalledthe"'fatherofbiodiversity^^.WhenEleanorjoinedthedepartment,

researcherswereracingtocollectandcatalogspecimens（標(biāo)本）.AsWilsonshiftedresearchtowardssmaller,less

glamorousspeciesthatnonethelessheldecologicalsignificance,hesetthestageforconservationbiology.Behind

thescenes,technicianslikemygrandmotherpreservedthespecimenthatfurtheredWilson'sworkandcontinueto

providenewinsightsandopportunitiesforresearchersacrosstheglobe.

[3]Atthetime,hiringa21-year-oldwomanwhohaddroppedoutofartschoolwasasignificantgamble.It

paidoff.Eleanor'sjobasatechnicianrequiredthesamemanualflexibilityandcoordinationthatartschoolhad

demanded.Thejobrequiredhertoworkquickly,yetprecisely.Rushingcouldriskruiningararespecimen,but

EleanorcouldprocessantsasquicklyasWilsoncouldmailthembackfromhisexpeditionstoAustraliaandPapua

NewGuinea.Shesometimesmountedasmanyas200aday.

[4]Itwasn'tacoincidencethatEleanorfoundworkinentomology.Wilson'shigh-profileresearchonants

crackedanopeningforwomeninpreviouslymale-dominatedfieldofconservation,whichwascenteredaround

studyingbiggameinthefirsthalfofthe20thcentury.

[5]Evenwhenwomen'searlyworkhasbeencredited,thelanguageusedtodescribetheircontributionsoften

minimizedtheirroleintheteam,notmentioningthembyname.Arecentlydiscovereddepartmentreportincludes

linessuchas,“Alarqeamountofspreadingandsettinginsectswasdonebytheladyassistant,"and"The

collectionhasbeenremarkablyfreefrompests.??duetothecontinuouscareoftheladyassistant.”

[6]Thedepartmentnowfunctionslikealibrary（specimencanbeborrowedforstudyorexaminedonsite）,

andservesasatrainingcenterforthenextgenerationofscientistswhousethecollectioninwaysWilsonandmy

grandmotherprobablyneverimagined.

[7]Eleanordidn'trealizetheimpactofhercontributionatthetime-thetechnicianrolewasjustajobthat

paid$38aweek.Butshe'scometoappreciatethesignificanceofherworkonaprojectthatspanscenturies.uYou

canseehowitgoesfromoneeratoanother,"saysEleanor.tcIfssoimportanttohavethislibraryforpeopletomake

connectionsandnewdiscoveries.^^

63.Thefirsttwoparagraphswriteabout.

A.whyEleanorwaschosentobeanassistantforWilson

B.whatconvincedWilsonswitchtothestudyofants

C.howEleanor'sandWilson'scareerpathscrossed

D.whentechnicianslikeEleanorstartedtogethired

64.Whywerethelinesinthereportcitedinthefifthparagraph?

A.Toprovehowimportantwomen'searlyworkwas.

B.Toshowwomen'sroleatthetimewasnotfullyrecognized.

C.Togiveavividdescriptionofthenatureofwomen'swork.

D.Toteachthewisdomofwritinggoodsciencereports.

65.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Today'sresearchersarestillenjoyingthebenefitsofEleanor'swork.

B.Eleanorisnowworkingasasupervisorinthedepartment.

C.Newscientificdiscoveriesaretheresultsofcollectivewisdom.

D.Nobody'sworkisasimportantasEleanor'sinthedepartment.

66.Whichofthefollowingshouldbefilledinthetitle“InmemoryofEleanor—awoman"

A.whosestrugglemirroredthesocialchangesinthestatusofwomen

B.whoseworkwonherfameinthethenmale-dominatedfieldofconservation

C.whopioneeredauniqueantmanagementsystemattheHarvardMuseum

D.whoworkedbehindthesceneswithextraordinaryspeed,accuracyandartistry

【答案】63.C64.B65.A66.D

【導(dǎo)讀】這篇文章主要講述了一位名叫Eleanor的女性在哈佛大學(xué)比較動(dòng)物學(xué)博物館工作的經(jīng)歷。文章描述

了她如何通過自己的努力和才華成為一名技術(shù)員，為著名的生物多樣性研究者E.O.Wilson的工作做出重要

貢獻(xiàn)。同時(shí)，文章也提到了當(dāng)時(shí)女性在這一領(lǐng)域的地位和作用，以及她們的貢獻(xiàn)經(jīng)常被忽視的問題。最后，

文章指出了Eleanor的工作對(duì)科學(xué)研究的持久影響，以及她對(duì)這一工作的重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)。

【解析】

63.C解析：第一段和第二段分別介紹了Eleanor和Wilson的背景和工作情況。當(dāng)時(shí)，Eleanor以技術(shù)員的

身份加入了哈佛大學(xué)比較動(dòng)物學(xué)博物館，而Wilson則是當(dāng)時(shí)一個(gè)有前途的研究生。在Wilson轉(zhuǎn)向研究小型、

不那么引人注目但具有生態(tài)意義的物種時(shí)，Eleanor作為技術(shù)員負(fù)責(zé)保存標(biāo)本，為Wilson的工作提供支持。

64.B解析：第五段引用了一個(gè)最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的部門報(bào)告，其中包括這樣的語句：“女助手做了大量的昆蟲攤開和

設(shè)置工作”，“由于女助手的持續(xù)關(guān)照，收藏品沒有受到害蟲的侵?jǐn)_這些引用顯示了當(dāng)時(shí)的報(bào)告中，并沒

有明確提到女性的名字，從而減少了她們?cè)趫F(tuán)隊(duì)中的作用。

65.A.當(dāng)今的研究人員仍在享受Eleanor的工作帶來的好處。

解析：最后兩段提到，現(xiàn)在的部門功能類似于一個(gè)圖書館，年輕的科學(xué)家們?cè)谶@里接受訓(xùn)練，并利用收藏

品進(jìn)行研究和發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此，可以推斷出當(dāng)今的研究人員仍在從Eleanor的工作中受益。

66.D.她以非凡的速度、精確度和藝術(shù)性在幕后工作的女性

解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，Eleanor是一位在哈佛大學(xué)比較動(dòng)物學(xué)博物館工作的技術(shù)員。她工作迅速而準(zhǔn)確地處

理標(biāo)本，為Wilson的工作做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。因此，D選項(xiàng)最符合描述Eleanor的特點(diǎn)。

（二）

（2024年黃浦區(qū)一模）

①Agroupof41statesandtheDistrictofColumbiabeganalegalcaseagainstMeta,theparentcompanyof

Facebook,Instagram,WhatsAppandMessenger,insistingthatthecompanyknowinglyusedfeaturesonits

platformstocausechildrentooverusethem.Theaccusationsinthelawsuitraiseadeeperquestionaboutbehavior:

Areyoungpeoplebecomingaddictedtosocialmediaandtheinternet?Here'swhattheresearchhasfound.

②DavidGreenfield,apsychologistandfounderoftheCenterforInternetandTechnologyAddictioninWest

Hartford,Conn.,saidthedevicestemptuserswithsomepowerfulapproaches.Oneis'"intermittentreinforcement,

whichcreatestheideathatausercouldgetarewardatanytime.Butwhentherewardcomesisunpredictable.

Adultsareeasilyinfluenced,henoted,butyoungpeopleareparticularlyatrisk,becausethebrainregionsthatare

involvedinresistingtemptationandrewardarenotnearlyasdevelopedinchildrenandteenagersasinadults.

Moreover,theadolescentbrainisespeciallyaccustomedtosocialconnections,and“socialmediaisallaperfect

opportunitytoconnectwithotherpeople.^^

(3)Formanyyears,thescientificcommunitytypicallydefinedaddictioninrelationtosubstances,suchasdrugs,

andnotbehaviors,suchasgamblingorinternetuse.Thathasgraduallychanged.In2013,theDiagnosticand

StatisticalManualofMentalDisorders,theofficialreferenceformentalhealthconditions,introducedtheideaof

internetgamingaddiction.

④Asubsequentstudyexploredbroadeningthedefinitionto'"internetaddiction.Theauthorsuggestedfurther

exploringdiagnosticcriteriaandthelanguage,forinstance,notingthattermslike"'problematicuse“andeventhe

word“internet“wereopentobroadinterpretation,giventhemanyformstheinformationanditsdeliverycantake.

⑤Dr.MichaelRich,thedirectoroftheDigitalWellnessLabatBostonChildren'sHospital,saidhe

discouragedtheuseoftheword“addiction“becausetheinternet,ifusedeffectivelyandwithlimits,wasnotmerely

usefulbutalsoessentialtoeverydaylife.

?Greenfieldagreedthatthereclearlyarevaluableusesfortheinternetandthatthedefinitionofhowmuchis

toomuchcanvary.Buthesaidtherealsowereobviouscaseswhereimmoderateusedisturbsschool,sleepand

othervitalaspectsofahealthylife.Toomanyyoungconsumers"can'tputitdown,^^hesaid."Theinternet,

includingsocialmedialikeMeta,arethedrugsaffectingthemind.^^

63.WhatwasMetaaccusedof?

A.Itaddedproblematicfeaturestoitsplatform.

B.Itstartedadiscussiontomisleadyoungpeople.

C.Ittemptedchildrentousesocialmediatoomuch.

D.Itconductedillegalresearchonitsparentcompany.

64.AccordingtoDavidGreenfield,userstendtobeaddictedtosocialmediaandtheinternetdueto.

A.theirunder-developedbrain

B.therandompatternofrewards

C.theirdesiretobesociallyconnected

D.thepossibilityofescapingfromreality

65.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutthestudyintroducedinParagraph4?

A.Addictionissomethingaboutbehaviorsinsteadofsubstances.

B.Theonlinelanguagecanbeinterpretedfromabroadperspective.

C.Currentdiagnosticcriteriaof'"internetaddiction"isn'tsatisfactory.

D.Thereshouldbeanagreementonthedefinitionoftheword"internet”.

66.Dr.MichaelRichandDavidGreenfieldbothagreethat.

A.properuseoftheinternetdoesgoodtochildren

B.theinternetistoblamefordisturbinghealthylife

C.therearecasesagainstimmoderateuseoftheinternet

D.theword"addiction“isimproperlyusedontheinternet

【答案】63.C64.B65.C66.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)讀】這篇文章討論了社交媒體和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使用對(duì)大腦的影響以及如何定義網(wǎng)癮。41個(gè)州和哥倫比亞特區(qū)

對(duì)Facebook>Instagram>WhatsApp和Messenger的母公司Meta提出了訴訟，稱該公司使用其平臺(tái)上的功

能引起兒童過度使用它們。本文還介紹了關(guān)于行為成癮的深層次問題，并探討了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)成癮的定義和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

63：C.Meta被指控什么？它引誘孩子過度使用社交媒體。據(jù)第一段第一句話“Agroupof41statesandthe

DistrictofColumbiabeganalegalcaseagainstMeta,theparentcompanyofFacebook,Instagram,WhatsAppand

Messenger,insistingthatthecompanyknowinglyusedfeaturesonitsplatformstocausechildrentooverusethem.^^

可知，Meta被指控使用平臺(tái)上的功能引起兒童過度使用它們，因此選擇C。

64：B.根據(jù)DavidGreenfield的說法，用戶往往會(huì)因?yàn)槭裁炊撩杂谏缃幻襟w和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)？隨機(jī)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的模式。

根據(jù)第二段的第二句話“Oneis"'intermittentreinforcement,whichcreatestheideathatausercouldgetareward

atanytime.Butwhentherewardcomesisunpredictable.”可知，其中之一是“間歇性強(qiáng)化”，它創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)用戶

隨時(shí)可以獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的想法。但是，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)何時(shí)到來是不可預(yù)測(cè)的。因此選擇B。

65：C.第4段介紹的研究有什么結(jié)論？當(dāng)前“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)成癮”的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并不令人滿意。根據(jù)第四段的第一句

話“Formanyyears,thescientificcommunitytypicallydefinedaddictioninrelationtosubstances,suchasdrugs,

andnotbehaviors,suchasgamblingorinternetuse.Thathasgraduallychanged.”可知，多年來，科學(xué)界通常是將

成癮定義為與物質(zhì)（如毒品）相關(guān)，而不是與行為（如賭博或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使用）相關(guān)。但是，這種情況已經(jīng)逐

漸改變。因此選擇A。接著，文章講到2013年，精神疾病診斷和統(tǒng)計(jì)手冊(cè)（DSM-5）引入了“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)游戲成

癮”的概念。作者建議進(jìn)一步探索診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和語言，例如注意到術(shù)語“問題使用”甚至“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”這樣的單詞在

廣泛解釋的情況下，考慮到信息及其傳遞的許多形式。因此本題答案選C。

66：A.MichaelRich博士和DavidGreenfield都認(rèn)為。適當(dāng)使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)孩子有益。根據(jù)第五

段的第一句話“Dr.MichaelRich,thedirectoroftheDigitalWellnessLabatBostonChildren'sHospital,saidhe

discouragedtheuseoftheword"addiction“becausetheinternet,ifusedeffectivelyandwithlimits,wasnotmerely

usefulbutalsoessentialtoeverydaylifb.”和第六段的第一句話“Greenfieldagreedthatthereclearlyarevaluable

usesfortheinternetandthatthedefinitionofhowmuchistoomuchcanvary.“可知，兩位專家都認(rèn)為適當(dāng)使用互

聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)孩子有益。因此選擇A。

（三）

（2024年長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)一模）

WhenIvolunteeredasasocialworkeratadomesticviolenceshelterinadevelopingcountry,Iimaginedthe

positionforwhichmyuniversityexperiencehadpreparedme.Iimaginedconductingintakeinterviewsandwalking

aroundfromorganizationtoorganizationseekingsupportthatthewomenwouldneedtorebuildtheirlives.WhenI

arrived,IfeltasifIalreadyhadmonthsofexperience,experiencegainedinthehypotheticalsituationsIhad

inventedandsubsequentlyresolvedsingle-handedly.IfeltthoroughlypreparedtotacklethesituationIassumed

waswaitingforme.

Iarrivedfullofzeal.Withinmoments,myrealitymadeasharpbreakfromwhichIhadexpected.The

coordinatorexplainedthattheshelter'sneedforfinancialself-sufficiencyhadbecomeobvious.Toaddressthis,the

centerwasplanningtoopenabakery.Iimmediatelyenthusedabouttheproject,makingmanyreferencestothe

smallenterprisecasestudiesIhadresearchedattheuniversity.Inresponsetomyimpassionedreply,the

coordinatordeclaredmeinchargeofthebakery.Atthatmoment,IwasaspreparedtobakebreadasIwastorunfor

politicaloffice.Thebiggerproblem,however,wasthatIwascompletelyunfamiliarwiththefor-profitbusiness

modelsnecessarytorunthebakery.Iwasoutofmydepthinaforeignriverwithonlymycoordinator'sconfidence

tokeepmeafloat.

Theysaythatnecessityisthemotherofinvention.Ibeganfindingrecipesandusingtheexpertiseoffriends.

Withtheirhelpmakingbread,printingleafletsandmakingcontacts,thebakerywassoonrunningsuccessfully.

Afterashorttimeitbecameasignificantsourceofincomeforthehouse.

Inadditiontofunds,bakingbreadprovidedanaturalenvironmenttoworkwithandgettoknowthewomenof

theshelter.Kneadingdough（揉面團(tuán)）sidebyside,Isharedinthefriendlyatmosphereofthekitchen,treatedto

storiesabouttheirchildrenandthetownsandjobstheyhadtoleavebehindtoensuretheirsafety.Bakinghelped

medevelopstrongrelationshipswiththewomenandadvancedmyunderstandingoftheirsituations.Italso

improvedthewomen5sself-esteem.Theirabilitytomasteranewskillgavethemconfidenceinthemselves,andthe

factthatthebakerycontributedtotheupkeepofthehousegavethewomenasenseofprideandtheconfidencethat

theyhadthecapabilitytosupportthemselves.

BakinggavemetheopportunitytoworkinacapacityIhadnotatallexpected,butonethatprovedvery

successful.Learningtobakegavemeasmuchnewfoundself-confidenceasitgavethewomen,andIfoundthat

sometimesqualitysocialworkcanbeassimpleaskneadingdough.

63.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistoshowhowtheauthor.

A.wasshockedbythereality

B.broadenedthescopeofherwork

C.developedherabilitiestorunafor-profitenterprise

D.handledatoughsituationinadevelopingcountry

64.Thestatementthattheauthorarrived"'fullofzeaF,indicatesthatshewas.

A.anxiousandinsecure

B.confidentbutuninformed

C.eagerandinterestedD.

enthusiasticbutincompetent

65.Whywastheauthorinitiallyenthusiasticabouttheideaofthebakery?

A.Sheconsidereditfromatheoreticalpointofview.

B.Shehopedtogetaleadershippositioninthebakery.

C.Shewantedtoshowherbakingskillstohernewcoordinator.

D.Shebelieveditisagoodwaytoraisewomen'sself-esteem.

66.Whatdidthelastsentence(4"Learning...dough^^)indicate?

A.Theauthorunderestimatedherabilitiestolearnnewskills.

B.Theauthorderivedbenefitfromherworkbyhelpingothers.

C.Theauthorlackedself-confidenceasmuchasthewomenworkingwithher.

D.Theauthorfoundperformingsocialworksurprisinglyeasywithnoeducation.

【答案】63.B64.C65.A66.B

【導(dǎo)讀】這篇文章講述了作者在一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的家庭暴力庇護(hù)所的工作經(jīng)歷。盡管最初她期望從事入職

面試等工作，但最終她負(fù)責(zé)了一家面包店，拓寬了她在庇護(hù)所的工作范圍。作者充滿熱情并且通過幫助他

人獲得了好處。

63.B.文章主要講述了作者在一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的家庭暴力庇護(hù)所做的工作。她本來想做的是入職面試之類的

工作，但最終卻負(fù)責(zé)了一家面包店，這拓寬了她的工作范圍。

64.C."fiillofzeal”表示作者充滿熱情，但并不知情，因此她是充滿信心但是沒有信息的。

65.A.作者因?yàn)樽约涸?jīng)研究過小型企業(yè)案例，因此對(duì)這個(gè)想法充滿了熱情。

66.B.最后一句話表明了作者通過幫助他人而從她的工作中獲得了好處。

（四）

（2024年徐匯區(qū)一模）

ZionNationalParkinUtahhasplentyoftrails,butAngelsLandingmaybethemostbreathtaking.Picturethis.

Youbeginthehikeonthewideandwell-maintainedWestRimTrail.Itfollowstheriverandthencrossesthebottom

ofthecanyon,surroundedby270-million-year-oldlayersofrock.Relaxing,right?Justwaitforit.Thetrailthenstarts

toclimbviaaseriesofswitchbacks（急轉(zhuǎn)彎）leadingupthesideofthemountain.Thenmoreswitchbacks:21tighter

turns,called“Walter'sWiggles,“whereelevationlevelsrapidlyincrease.Yourheartbeatisprobablyrapidly

increasingatthispoint,too.

OntopofWalter'sWiggles,youcanstopforastunningview（perhapswithamarriageproposal）andarestroom

stopwhileyoucontemplate（仔名田考慮）thefinalstretchofthehike.Ifyou'reafraidofheights,it'sbesttoturnback

now.Thelaststretchistherealtestofbravery.

Thelasthalfmileofthehikeiswhatreallyranksitasoneofthenation,smostdangerous.AngelsLandingitself

isafin-likeformationjutting（突出）1,500feetoutofthecanyon,andthisiswhereyoumakethefinal500-footclimb.

Guardrailsandchainsbolted（拴?。﹊ntothecliffhelpyoukeepfromtumblingovertheextremelysteepledge.You're

literallylivingontheedge,andyoudon'twanttotrustthe“angels“downtheretocatchyou.Onceyoureachthetop,

however,it'llallbeworthit:360-degreeviewsofthecanyonmakeagreatbackdropforkickingbackandhavinga

mealbeforeyoucomebackdownthewayyoucame.

AngelsLandingmightbedangerous,butthankfully,nottoomanypeoplehavehadfatalfalls.Accordingto

theparkwebsite,sevenpeoplehavediedinthe100yearstheparkhasexisted.Still,thisisaveryvigoroushike.If

you'reoutofshape,bringingyoungchildrenalong,feelillorpronetofainting,orarejustplainafraidofheights,opt

foraneasiertrail.

AngefsLandingisagreath汰eformostoftheyear,besidesthecoldwintermonthswhenthetrailscould

becomedangerouslyslippery.Summeristhemostpopulartimeofyear-andthereforethemostcrowded-butit

canalsogetextremelyhot,sooptforanearlymorninghikewhilethetemperaturesarestillmild.

Sure,it'sdangerous,butthere5sareasonthisisoneofZion'smostpopularhikes.Ifyou'reupforthechallenge,

AngelsLandingwilldefinitelydeliverrewards.

ThisarticlefirstappearedonC.

63.Whatgeologicalfeaturesurroundsthehikerduringtheinitialpartofthehike?

A.Plentyoftrailsinthepark.B.MountainPeaks.

C.27O-million-year-oldlayersofrock.D.GrassMeadows.

64.WhatisthemainattractionandappealofAngelsLanding?

A.Thechallenginghikewithswitchbacks.

B.The360-degreeviewsofthecanyon.

C.Thewell-maintainedWestRimTrail.

D.Therivercrossingandrockformations.

65.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Ifatouristisafraidofheights,ifsbesttoturnbackontoAngelsLanding.

B.Sevenpeoplehavediedsofarduetoslipperytrailsinwinter.

C.BringingyoungkidsalongtoclimbontoAngelsLandingwillbeappreciated.

D.Takingabreakwiththeviewsofthecanyonasbackgroundisabsolutelyworththetrip.

66.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.UnveilingtheHiddenBeauty:ExploringZionNationalPark'sTrails

B.Zion'sUltimateThrill:TheAdrenaline-PumpingAngelsLandingExpedition

C.ChasingHeights:AngelsLandingAdventureinUtah'sZionNationalPark

D.AngelsLanding:ConqueringUtah'sBreathtakingandDaringHikeinZionNationalPark

【答案】63.C64.B65.D66.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了Zion國(guó)家公園AngelsLanding路段有令人驚嘆的美景，且該路段

比較危險(xiǎn)，在此徒步旅行，將會(huì)是一次大膽且非常有活力的經(jīng)歷。

[63題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段中"Youbeginthehikeonthewideandwell-maintainedWestRimTrail.Itfollowsthe

riverandthencrossesthebottomofthecanyon,surroundedby270-million-year-oldlayersofrock.（你開始在寬闊

和維護(hù)良好的西部邊緣小徑徒步旅行。它沿著河流，然后穿過峽谷底部，被2.7億年前的巖層包圍著。）”

可知，在徒步旅行的最初路段，2.7億年前的巖層包圍著徒步旅行者，故選C。

【64題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Onceyoureachthetop,however,it'llallbeworthit:360-degreeviewsofthe

canyonmakeagreatbackdropforkickingbackandhavingamealbeforeyoucomebackdownthewayyou

came.（然而，一旦你到達(dá)了山頂，這一切都是值得的：360度的峽谷景色為你在回來之前放松身心、吃頓飯

提供了絕佳的背景。）”可知，AngelsLanding最吸引人的是360度的峽谷景色，故選B。

[65題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Onceyoureachthetop,however,it'llallbeworthit:360-degreeviewsofthe

canyonmakeagreatbackdropforkickingbackandhavingamealbeforeyoucomebackdownthewayyou

came.（然而，一旦你到達(dá)了山頂，這一切都是值得的：360度的峽谷景色為你在回來之前放松身心、吃頓飯

提供了絕佳的背景。）”可知，以峽谷的景色作為背景休息一下絕對(duì)值得一游，D正確。故選D。

[66題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中"ZionNationalParkinUtahhasplentyoftrails,butAngelsLanding

maybethemostbreathtaking.（猶他州的揚(yáng)安國(guó)家公園有很多路徑，但是AngelsLanding可能是最令人激動(dòng)的。）”

可知，文章主要介紹了Zion國(guó)家公園AngelsLanding路段有令人驚嘆的美景，且該路段比較危險(xiǎn)，在此徒

步旅行，將會(huì)是一次大膽且非常有活力的經(jīng)歷，D“AngelsLanding：在錫安國(guó)家公園征服猶他州的驚險(xiǎn)徒

步”。故選D。

（五）

（2024年閔行區(qū)一模）

HowtoRecruit（招聘）withSofterSkillsinMind

Softskillsmattertoemployers.Ananalysisofalmost5000jobdescriptionsshowedcompanieshaveshifted

awayfromemphasizingfinancialandoperationalskillstowardssocialskills——anabilitytolisten,reflect,

communicateandempathise（共情）.

Thetroubleisthatsoftskillsarehardtomeasure.Worsestill,theconventionalprocessforrecruitingpeopleis

oftenbetteratrecognizingotherqualities.Theearlyphasesofrecruitmentfbcusonscreeningcandidatesbasedon

theirexperiencesandhardskills,criteriathatareeasiesttoassessremotely.Thelaterphases,whencandidatesand

employersengageinactualconversation,arebettersuitedtoassessinganapplicanfssofterskills.Thinkofhow

fundamentallyunsocialthesituationis!Candidatesareexpectedtotalk,notlisten;toimpress,notempathise.

Structuredinterviewscriptsenablelike-for-likecomparisonsbuttheyalsolimitthespacefornaturalness.

Tworecentstudiesofwhatmakesforagoodteammemberagreeonwhatmightbedescribedasanabilitytoread

theroom.Oneresearchfoundpeoplewhocanaccuratelyjudgethelevelofinfluenceheldbyvariousteammembers

possessamagicpowercalled“statusacuity”.Suchroom-readersreducegroupconflictandenhanceteam

performance.Theyaccordinglydesignedatest,inwhichparticipantswatchedavideoofagroupperformingatask.

Theparticipantsthenratedmembersofthegroupbasedonhowmuchrespecteachwasperceivedtohold.People

whoseratingswereclosesttotheassessmentsoftheteammembersthemselveshadthequalityofstatusacuity.

Theotherstudyfoundthatcertainindividualsconsistentlymadetheirgroupsperformbetterthanexpected.Such

peoplearegenuineteamplayers,capableofmakingthewholegreaterthanthesumoftheparts.Thesewonderful

creaturesdidnotstandoutfromtheirpeersonIQtests.Buttheydidsignificantlybetteronthe“ReadingtheMindin

theEyes"test,anassessmentinwhichparticipantsareshownpicturesofvariousfacialexpressionsandthenhaveto

pickthewordthatbestdescribeswhateachpersonisfeeling.

Bettertestsarenottheonlywaytogathermoreinformationaboutsoftskills.Don?tjusthavepeoplehigherup

thefoodchainaskinterviewquestions.Askthepeoplewhointeractcasuallywithapplicants,fromtheassistantsto

thereceptionists,whattheythoughtofthem.

Undeniably,peoplemaysucceedinfakingtheirwaythroughtheprocess.Andtheremaybemoreroomfor

interviewers5prejudicetoemerge.Findingsomeoneannoyingmaybeasignalthatsomeonelackssocialskills.Butit

mayalsomeanthattheyarenervousorthatinterviewersarebad-tempered.Recruitmentissettochangeandis

unlikelytobecomelesschallenging.

43.Whatmakestherecentrecruitmentprocessdistinctfromthetraditionalone?

A.Prioritizationofsoftskills.

B.Focusonascreeningmethod.

C.Dependenceonstructuredinterviewscripts.

D.Emphasisuponfinancialandoperationalskills.

44.Accordingtothethirdandfourthparagraph,apersonwiththeabilitytoreadtheroomiscapableof.

A.adjustingone'sbehaviororattitudeswiftlytofitthecontext

B.understandingtheindividual'sperspectivetorespondappropriately

C.resolvinggroupconflictorjudgingfacialexpressionsinasituation

D.interpretingindividual'srolewithinateamortheirmood

45.Whatisthepurposeofthetwostudiesmentionedinthepassage?

A.Toidentifywaystoperfectstructuredinterviewscripts.

B.Todiscovershortcutsfortestingandidentifyingsoftskills.

C.Toexplorerecipesforcultivatingaqualifiedteammember.

D.Tointroducemethodsofimprovingcandidates9non-technicalskills.

46.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Integratingsoftskillsassessmentintoahiringprocesswon'tintroducesideeffects.

B.Employeesinlowerpositionsmayprovideuselessinsightsintoapplicants9softskills.

C.Interviewers9prejudicemayinfluencetheirfairassessmentsandperceptionsofcandidates.

D.Thereisnopossibilityofindividualssuccessfullydeceivingothersduringtheinterview.

【答案】43.A44.D45.B46.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何招聘具備軟技能的員工。

[43題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段"Softskillsmattertoemployers.Ananalysisofalmost5000jobdescriptionsshowed

companieshaveshiftedawayfromemphasizingfinancialandoperationalskillstowardssocialskills——anabilityto

listen,reflect,communicateandempathise（共情）.（軟技能對(duì)雇主很重要。一項(xiàng)對(duì)近5000個(gè)職位描述的分析顯

示，公司已經(jīng)從強(qiáng)調(diào)財(cái)務(wù)和操作技能轉(zhuǎn)向強(qiáng)調(diào)社交技能——一種傾聽、反思、溝通和同情的能力。）”可知，

優(yōu)先考慮軟技能使最近的招聘過程不同于傳統(tǒng)的招聘過程。故選Ao

[44題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Suchroom-readersreducegroupconflictandenhanceteamperformance.（這種閱

讀者減少了群體沖突，提高了團(tuán)隊(duì)績(jī)效。）”和第三段中uPeoplewhoseratingswereclosesttotheassessments

oftheteammembersthemselveshadthequalityofstatusacuity.（在這項(xiàng)測(cè)試中，研究人員向參與者展示了各種

面部表情的圖片，然后要求他們選出最能描述每個(gè)人感受的詞。）”可知，有這種能力的人能夠解讀個(gè)人在

團(tuán)隊(duì)中的角色或情緒。故選D。

[45題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章標(biāo)題“HowtoRecruit（招聘）withSofterSkillsinMind（如何招聘具備軟技能的員工）”和

第五段中“Bettertestsarenottheonlywaytogathermoreinformationaboutsoftskills.（更好的測(cè)試并不是收集

更多軟技能信息的唯一方法可知,文章中提到的兩項(xiàng)研究的目的是發(fā)現(xiàn)測(cè)試和識(shí)別軟技能的快捷方式。

故選B。

【46題詳解】

推理判斷題。由文章最后一段uUndeniably,peoplemaysucceedinfakingtheirwaythroughtheprocess.And

theremaybemoreroomforinterviewers9prejudicetoemerge.Findingsomeoneannoyingmaybeasignalthat

someonelackssocialskills.Butitmayalsomeanthattheyarenervousorthatinterviewersarebad-tempered.

Recruitmentissettochangeandisunlikelytobecomelesschallenging.（不可否認(rèn)的是，人們可能會(huì)通過欺騙的

方式成功地通過這個(gè)過程。而且面試官的偏見可能會(huì)有更大的空間出現(xiàn)。發(fā)現(xiàn)某人令人討厭可能是一個(gè)缺

乏社交技巧的信號(hào)。但這也可能意味著他們很緊張，或者面試官脾氣不好。招聘勢(shì)必會(huì)發(fā)生變化，而且不

太可能變得不那么具有挑戰(zhàn)性。）”可知，面試官的偏見可能會(huì)影響他們對(duì)候選人的公正評(píng)價(jià)和看法。故選

Co