上海市牛津版（試用本）八年級下學(xué)期U4講義（教師版）

課程主題：春季Moudle2U4Newspapers同步知識講義學(xué)習目標掌握本單元出現(xiàn)的一些重點詞匯和重要句型，并能靈活運用。教學(xué)內(nèi)容進門測試1．Wouldyoumind__________thewindow?(open)【答案】opening2．Myvsisterhasbeena__________sinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.(secret)【答案】secretary3．Twodays__________,hearrivedinShanghai.(late)【答案】later4．Itwas__________toseesomanyfriendsattheparty.(wonder)【答案】wonderful5．Theteacheraskedthestudentstodivscusstheproblemamong__________.(they)【答案】themselves6．Itisawasteoftime__________here.(wait)【答案】waiting7．XinminEveningNexvspaperhasalargenumberof__________.(read)【答案】readers8．Let'shavea__________ifyouarefreethismorning.(meet)【答案】meeting9．Themountainwas__________withsnow.(cover)【答案】covered10．__________isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.(walk)【答案】Walking多元導(dǎo)學(xué)分析一下吧代詞用法特點例句one,ones指代上文出現(xiàn)過的某個/些人或事物Iforgottobringapen.Canyoulendmeone?Thoseshoesaretoosmall.Wemustbuysomenewones.that,those常用于比較級句型中TheweatherinKunmingismilderthanthatinBeijing.PeopleintheU.SaremoreoffondofthesedramasthanthoseinArabiancountries.each,everyeach≥2;every≥3eachofTherearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.Eachsideofthesquareisdecoratedwithnationalflags.Everychildintheclasshaspassedtheexamination.互動精講一、重點詞匯【知識梳理】1．holdv.舉行Adebatewillbeheldintheschoolhalltomorrowafternoon.明天下午學(xué)校禮堂將舉行辯論會。2．electv.選舉；推選Thegovernmentismadeupofmenandwomenelectedbythepeopleofthecountry.政府是由這個國家的人民選出的人員組成的。【拓展】electionn.選舉3．editorn.編輯；編者Sheisafashioneditor.她是一名時裝欄編輯。【拓展】editv.編輯；校訂HeiseditingaShakespeareplayforuseinschools.他正在編輯一部莎士比亞劇本供學(xué)校使用。4．experiencen.經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)驗experience用法詳解(1)n.[C]skillandknowledgegainedfromdoingsth.經(jīng)歷PleasetellmeyourexperiencesinAmerica.請告訴我你在美國的經(jīng)歷。(2)n.[U]things/eventsthathappentous經(jīng)驗Experienceistheirpreparationforgivingadvice.經(jīng)驗為他們進行咨詢作了準備。(3)vt.haveexperienceof;feel;meetwith有……之經(jīng)驗；感受；體驗Theyhaveexperiencedthedifficultiesforplayingfootball.他們感受到了踢足球的難處?！就卣埂縠xperiencedadj.有經(jīng)驗的；有從經(jīng)驗獲得的知識或技術(shù)的Sheisanexperiencednurse.她是位有經(jīng)驗的護士?！疽族e點撥】“經(jīng)歷”是可數(shù)名詞，“經(jīng)驗”是不可數(shù)名詞。manyexperiences和muchexperience。5．suggestionn.建議Weorderedtheshrimp,asuggestionofthewaiter.聽取服務(wù)員的建議，我們點了蝦。Hemadethesuggestionthatwegobytrain.他建議我們坐火車去?！疽族e點撥】表示建議的我們還學(xué)過advice注意區(qū)分：suggestion為可數(shù)名詞，而advice為不可數(shù)名詞。注意動詞的搭配：advisesb.todosth.以及suggestdoingsth.6．freeadj.免費的Anyonewhobuysthisbreakfastfoodgetsafreegiftofafinegreetingcard.購買這份早餐的人都可得到一張免費的精美賀卡?！就卣埂縡reedomn.自由freelyadv.自由地Theprisonerhasnofreedominthejail.Hecan'twalkfreelythere.囚犯在獄中沒有自由。他不可以隨便走動。7．brieflyadv.簡要地I'dliketomentverybrieflyonthatlaststatement.我想就最后一句簡要地談?wù)勎业目捶āriefly,youarefired.一句話，你被解雇了?！就卣埂縝riefadj.簡短的；短暫的acoldandbriefwele冷淡而簡短的歡迎makeabriefvisit作短暫的訪問8．concludev.結(jié)束；決定Toconclude,Iwishyouallgoodhealthandalonglife.最后，祝大家健康長壽。Thedoctorconcludedthatthepatient'sdiseasewascancer.醫(yī)生斷定病人患的是癌癥?！就卣埂縞onclusionn.結(jié)束，結(jié)論Ifoundtheconclusionofherstoryveryexciting.我覺得她那故事的結(jié)尾很激動人心。9．decisionn.決心；決定Havetheyreachedadecisionyet?他們是否已有所決定？Shecouldnotmakeadecisionaboutthedress.她對（買不買）這件裙子下不了決心。【搭配】eto/arriveat/reachadecision做出決定makeadecision做出決定；下決心【拓展】decision的動詞形式為decide注意搭配形式為decidetodosth.10．votev.投票選舉VoteforJohnsonthepeople'sfriend!請投約翰遜一票——他是人民的朋友！【拓展】voten.投票選擇secretvote不記名投票IgavemyvotetoMr.Wang.我投王先生的票。Hewontheelectionbecausehegotmostvotes.他選舉獲勝了，因為他得到了大多數(shù)的選票。11．considerv.考慮，認為Iamconsideringgoingabroad.我正在考慮出國。Weconsiderthatthedriverisnottoblame.我們認為這不是司機的過錯。【辨析】consider…(as)…,regard…as…與treat…as…這三個詞組都含“認為…是…”的意思。(1)consider側(cè)重“經(jīng)過考慮而認為”，表示一種比較客觀的看法。Iconsiderwhathesaid(as)reasonable.我認為他說的有道理。(2)regard指“把……認為，把……看作”，表示以外部形象得出認識或個人的主觀認識。Hewasregardedastheforemostauthorityonchemistry.他被認為是化學(xué)最高權(quán)威。(3)treat表示在某種認識的基礎(chǔ)上看待或?qū)Υ?，重在行動，而不在認識。Theywillnotbetreatedasenemies.他們不會被當作敵人對待。12．talk…over詳細討論；詳談Weshouldtalkitoveramongourselves.我們應(yīng)該詳細討論一下。13．takechargeof負責Mr.Smithwilltakechargeofourclassnextterm.下學(xué)期史密斯先生將負責我們班。Youtakechargeofmakingthesalad.=You'reinchargeofmakingthesalad.你負責做沙拉。chargen.主管v.使承擔（任務(wù)、責任）【搭配】takechargeof負責，看管underthechargeof在……看管（負責）之下beinchargeof負責Thechiefengineerwasinchargeofdirectingthebuildingofthesubway.主要工程師負責指導(dǎo)地鐵的建造工程。Thiswardisin/underthechargeofDrGreen.這間病房是由格林大夫負責的。Don'tforgettochargethemoneyoftheshoestomyaccount.別忘了把鞋錢記在我賬上。14．inoneweek'stime在一周內(nèi)Wewillbebacktoschoolinoneweek'stime.在一周內(nèi)我們將回到學(xué)校?！疽族e點撥】在對于in+一段時間的時間狀語我們要用一般將來時態(tài)，同時注意在對于對劃線部分提問中我們要用疑問詞howsoon進行提問?！纠}精講】例1．Haveyou__________whateventstotakepartin?(decide)【答案】decided例2．Couldyouanswermyquestion__________?(brief)【答案】briefly例3．MissWhitehasalotof__________inteaching.A.experienceB.experiencesC.chanceD.idea【答案】A例4．Joanhasbeenanofherclassnewspaperforabouttwoyears.(edit)【答案】editor【鞏固練習】1．Who's__________forthenewpany?(responsibility)【答案】responsible2．Thetownwasabout_____________trainrideawayfromhishome.A.fourhour'sB.fourhours'C.fourhourD.fourhours【答案】B3．Shedrewthe__________attheendofthemeeting.(conclude)【答案】conclusion4．Finally,Tonymadea__________thathewoulddoithimself.(decide)【答案】decision5．JoycetookchargeoftheexhibitionontheOpenDay.(保持原句意思)Joyce?wasoftheexhibitionontheOpenDay.【答案】charge|of二、語法和句型【知識梳理】1．Istartedtakingnotes.我開始做筆記。startdoingsth.開始做某事Weshouldstartdoingourhomeworkwhenwegethome.我們一到家就應(yīng)該開始做家庭作業(yè)?！就卣埂縮tartdoingsth.=starttodosth.2．…orshouldtheypayforit?或者他們應(yīng)該為此付錢？pay…forsth.為……付款它與spend…on及cost意思相近。Ipaid20yuanforthebook.=Ispent20yuanonthebook.=Thebookcostme20yuan.我花20元錢買的這本書。【拓展】表花費的句型Sbspendsomemoneyonsth./indoingsth.Sth.costsbsomemoneyIttakes/tooksbsometimetodosth.Sbpaysomemoneyforsth.3．Whatshouldwecallit?我們應(yīng)該如何稱呼它？①call稱呼PansysaidweoughttocallittheMayfieldSun.②情態(tài)動詞(should/shouldnot,oughtto/oughtnotto)should和oughtto多用于勸告或建議，語氣委婉。Yououghtto/shouldobeyyourparents.你應(yīng)該聽你父母的話。Yououghtnotto/shouldn'tsmokesomuch,youarewastingyourmoney.你不應(yīng)該吸這么多煙，你是在浪費錢。Itoldhimthatheoughtto/shoulddoit.我告訴他他應(yīng)該做這件事?！纠}精講】例1．_______Iswiminthatriver?No,you_______.It'sdangeroustoswimthere.A.Must...can'tB.Can...neednotC.Shall...don'tD.May...mustn't【答案】D【鞏固練習】1．Youshouldn’tworkindoorsallthetime.Youshouldbeoutplayingsometimes.（合并為一句）Youshouldbeoutplayingsometimes????????????????workingindoorsallthetime.課堂檢測???Onemorning,Mrs.Santoswasreturningformthesupermarketwithherneighborandherdaughter,twoyearoldCarmelita.Theystoppedonthestairwayoftheirbuildingattheirfifthfloorflats.Theneighboropenedherdoorfirst,andlittleCarmelitaranpasther.Carmelitaknewtheflatwell,sinceshehadvisitedmanytimes.Theneighborputdownherkeysandshoppingbags,andturnedbackamomenttoMrs.Santos.????Atthatmoment,therewasasuddengustofwindandthedoorslammedshut.Carmelitawasinside,alone.Thentheneighborrememberedthatshehadleftherkitchenwindowopen.SheandMrs.SantosrushedtotheSantos’flatandtelephonedthepolice.Buttherewasnotimetogethelpinopeningtheneighboringflat.TheycouldseethatCarmelitawasclimbingalreadylearningoutofthekitchenwindow.Shehadclimbedontoachair,andsoonshewasclimbingoutontothewindowsill（窗臺板）.Mrs.SantoscalledtoCarmelitatogobackinside.Butthelittlegirldidnotunderstandthedangerandonlywavedtohermother.??????Thenshelostherbalanceandherfeetslippedoffthewindowsill.Shemanagedtoholdonforawhilewithherhands,butshebegantobeafraid.Hermotherscreamedforhelp,andCarmelitawascryingdesperately.Andthenshecouldholdonnolonger.Severalpeoplehadrunoutintothestreetonhearingallthescreaming.Theysawthechildhangingontothewindowsillandgotreadytocatchher.Downshefell,fivelongstoriesandlandedsafeandsoundinthearmsofthreestrongmen.?????“Ineverthoughtwe’ddoit,”saidoneofthethreemenafterwards.“ButIkeptthinking,ifwedon’tcatchher,she’lldieandit’llbeonmyconscienceallmylife.”?????Alltheneighborsthere???????Carmelita’sparentscannotbelievehowclosetheycametolosingtheirdaughter.Andhowluckytheyaretohaveherstill.?1.WhichfloordidMrs.Santosliveon?_____________________________________.2.WhywasCarmelitaindangerinsidetheroom,alone?_____________________________________.3.HowdidCarmelitagetontothewindowsill?_____________________________________.4.WhendidCarmelitafeelfrightened?_____________________________________.5.pletethesentenceinthelastparagraph._____________________________________.6.WhatdoyouthinkofthethreemenwhosavedCarmelita?WhydidtheytrytheirbesttosaveCarmelita?_____________________________________.【答案】1.Shelivedonthefifthfloor.2.Becausethekitchenwindowidopen.3.Byclimbingontochairandclimbingoutofthewindow.4.Whenshelostherbalanceandherfeetslippedoffthewindowsill.5.Clappedtheirhandsforthethreemen.6.Ithinktheyarewarmheartedandhelpful.Becausetheythoughtthatif?theydidn’tcatchher,shewoulddieanditwouldbeontheirconsciencealltheirlife.Theycouldn’timaginethatasmallbabydiedsuddenlyinfrontofthem.【鞏固練習】1．IfyouspeaktoBenjaminK.hammeronthephone,youwouldthinkyouweretalkingtoapersonwhohadlivedinaChinesespeakingenvironmentsincechildhood,asheusesMandarin’sfourtonescorrectly.ButHammerstartedlearningMandarinwhenhewasahighschoolseniorinSanJose,California.SincetherewerenoChineserelatedcoursesathishighschoolinthe1990s,HammerstudiedMandarininamunityschool’snightclasses.“IntheUnitedStates,peoplearecuriousaboutEasternculture,suchasthecultureofreligion,KungfuandtraditionalChinesemedicine,”Hammersaid.HammerisoneoftheUScitizenswhoshowagreatinterestinChineseculture.InadditiontoMandarin,helearnedKungfufromaChineseteacherwhenhewasastudentatAmericanUniversityinWashington.HegothisChinesename,MengWeilong,fromhisKungfuteacher.AtAmericanuniversity,Hammermajoredin(專業(yè)主修)internationalrelations,andselectedChineseashisforeignlanguagewithoutanyhesitation.Fromthenon,HammerspentmoretimeandeffortinlearningChinesethanhedidonhismajor.“ChineseandEnglishbelongtodifferentlanguagefamilies.LearningChineseisagreatchallenge,butIdolikeit.It’srarethataWesternforeignercanspeakChineseverywell.IbelievelearningChinese,ratherthanSpanish,canmakemestandoutfrommyfriends.Thatmakesmefelsogreat,”hesaid.Hammerreceivedhismaster’sdegreeinChineseClassicalPhilology(中國古典文獻學(xué))atShandongUniversityandspentanotherfouryearsgettinghisdoctorate(博士學(xué)位)inthesamemajorfromPekingUniversity.Nowthe37yearoldmanworksasateacherattheAdvancedInstituteforConfucianStudiesofShandongUniversityinJinan.HeisalsotheassistanteditoroftheEnglishversionoftheJournalofChineseHumanities.1.HammerisaforeignerwhowasbornandgrewupinChina,isn’the?(1分)__________2.WheredidHammerfirststarttolearnMandarinasahighschoolstudent?(２分)__________3.WhatEasterncultureattractsHammerandsomeotherUScitizens?(2分)__________4.WhydomanywesternersfinditdifficulttolearnChinese?__________5.Whatdoesthephrase“standout”inparagraph6probablymean?（2分）__________6.WhatkindofimpressionhasHammerleftonyou?Pleasefindtheproofsfromthepassage.(3分)Ithink__________【答案】1.No,heisn't.|2.Inamunityschool/Inamunityschool’snightclasses.|3.Thecultureofreligion,kungfuandtraditionalChinesemedicine.|4.BecausechineseandEnglishbelongtodifferentlanguagefamilies.|5.Itprobablymeans“thebetterthantheother”.|6.IthinkHammeriskeenonchineseculture.Hestartedtolearnchineseatanearlyage,hespentmoretimeandeffortinlearningChinesethanonhismajorinuniversitiesandheevencametostudyandworkinChina.1．TheBlackshavethreecars.OneisforMr.Black,and________twoarefortheirsons.A.theotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers【答案】A2．Weare_______busiertodaythanyesterday.A.manyB.muchC.moreD.most【答案】B3．Myfatherputthenewspaperonthetable.（改為否定句）Myfather____________________thenewspaperonthetable.【解答】本題為易錯題，主要因為put的過去式與過去分詞與原形一致，學(xué)生考慮到三單，變否定時可能會誤寫成doesn't，但由原題可知，put后并沒有s，所以判定為一般過去時，用didn't【答案】didn't|put4．JoycetookchargeoftheexhibitionontheOpenDay.(保持原句意思)Joyce______________________________oftheexhibitionontheOpenDay.【解答】本題考查charge的用法，人做主語時takechargeof和beinchargeof為同義句，物作主語時，用sth.beinthechargeofsb.【答案】was|in|charge5．Aftermonthsofwalking,theygottothesmallvillage_______.A.atonceB.atpresentC.atlastD.atleast【答案】C6．Hetoldmethathe________acoldforthreedays.A.hasB.hascaughtC.hadhadD.hashad【答案】C7．__________ofthemhashisownopinion.A.BothB.SomeC.EveryD.Each【答案】D8．Thefriedchickenlooks_______andsmells_______.A.good...niceB.well...nicelyC.good...wellD.nicely...nice【答案】A9．Hewasnolongerconnected_______thatpany.A.inB.withC.ofD.about【答案】B10．Theoldcouplewillcelebratetheir________anniversarynextmonth.(forty)【答案】fortieth11．Couldyoutellme?DoesDr.Blackhaveexperience??(改為賓語從句)Couldyoutellme?????????Dr.Black?????????experience?【答案】whether/if|has12．Youmustalwaysbecareful_______yourwork.A.toB.onC.forD.with【答案】D13．Hegoestovisithisparentseveryfourmonths.（對劃線部分提問）doeshegotovisithisparents?【答案】How|often14．Doyouknow__________?A.whenwilltheBeijingOlympicGamesendB.whentheBeijingOlympicGameswillendC.whenwouldtheBeijingOlympicGamesendD.whentheBeijingOlympicGameswouldend【解答】B【答案】B15．Couldyoupleasetellus????????inShanghai?A.whenyouwouldvisittheWorldExpoB.whenyouvisitedtheWorldExpoC.whentheWorldExpowouldyouvisitD.whentheWorldExpoyouvisited【答案】B16．Inthepast,myfatheroftengotoschoolonfoot.（保持句意相同）Myfather____________________gotoschoolonfoot.【答案】used|to首字母C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)擬入適當?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母己給）（14分）Wouldyouliketotravelspace?Itis2050.Spacetourismhasbeeareality.Sowouldyouwanttobeaspacetourist?Here,somemiddleschoolstudentssharetheiropinions.Jeea,U.K.Ilovespaceverymuchandwouldliketobethefirstteenagerto(81)danewplanet.Thenperhapsitwouldbenamedafterme.Iwouldbeefamousaroundtheworld!Emily,U.S.Spaceexplorationcanbedangerous.WhatshouldIdoifIget(82)l?Ican’tebacktotheearth.Iamalsoalsoafraidofheights.Itwouldbeveryfrighteningwhenyoulookdownfromaspaceship!Klaudia,SpainIwouldlovetogotospacebecausefromthereIcouldenjoyanice(83)voftheEarth.TheblueoceansandgreenforestsontheEarthmustbemagnificent.What’smore,Iamcuriousaboutwhatlifeislikewithoutgravity(重力).Perhapsitwouldbefuntoplaygolfinspace!Edward,U.K.Itwouldbecool.ButhowlonelyanddepressedIwouldbewithout(84)aaroundme!Iwouldmissmyfamily.Italsorequiresalargeamountoftrainingtobeeaspacetourist,andIdon’tthinkIhavetimeforthat.Moreover,1don’tthinkIcan(85)aatriptospace.Thatwoulddefinitelycostalot!? Zainab,SouthAfricaI’dloveto.WestudiedthesolarsysteminScienceclassesthissemester.Ithinkspaceisamazingand1desiretoknowmoreaboutit.Unluckily,Ihavenootherwaybuttosearchforinformationaboutit(86)o.IfIcanhavethechancetotraveltospace,IwoulddirectlyseethethingsIneverseeontheEarth.? Ana,U.S.Iwouldnotliketobeaspacetourist.Irespectthosewholovespacetourism.Forme,Ionlywantto(87)f______onwhatIhaveonthisplanetmyfamily,myschoolandmypets.IwouldliketoworkhardtomakeprogressinwhatIamdoing.8187discoverlostviewanyone/anybodyaffordonlinefocus首字母C.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）：（14分）Onceuponatime,therewasafamilywith18childrenlivinginavillage.Twoofthechildren,bothboys,lovedpaintingverymuch,butthefamilywasso(81)pthatitwasimpossibletosendbothofthemtostudyatartschoolatthesametime.Aftermanydiscussions,thetwoboysfinallyworkedoutaplan.Theywouldtoss(拋)acoin.Theloserwouldgodownintothemines(煤礦)and,withhismoney,payforhisbrother'scollegetuition(學(xué)費).Then,whenthebrotherwhowonthetoss(82)fhisstudies,hewouldpayfortheotherbrothertostudyatthecollege.Oneofthebrothers,AlbrechtDurer,wonthetossandhisbrotherJackwentdownintothemines.Durerworkedwithallhis(83)handhispaintingsweremuchbetterthanthoseofmostofhisteachers.Hewasbeginningtomakealotofmoneyforhispaintings.Durerreturned.WhenhetoldJackhecouldgotoartcollege,Jacksaidsoftly:"Thefouryearsinthemineshavedonetoomuchtomyhands.Itistoolate.NowIcan'teven(84)haglass."Toshowhisgreatloveandrespectforhisbrother,Durerdrewhisbrother'shandswithpalms(手掌)togetherandthinfingers(85)tthesky.HecalledhisdrawingThePrayingHands,whichbecameveryfamousyearslater.Thenexttimeyouseeacopyofthattouchingwork,takea(86)slook.Letitbeyourreminder:Noonecaneversucceed(87)a!8187poorfinishedheartholdtowardssecondalone要點回顧溫故知新課后鞏固●請將本次課錯題組卷，進行二次練習，培養(yǎng)錯題管理習慣●學(xué)霸筆記復(fù)習，培養(yǎng)復(fù)習習慣預(yù)習內(nèi)容預(yù)習M2U5單詞和課文，把不認識的單詞和不會翻譯的句子劃出來。=1\*ROMANI.Choosethebestanswer.Maryhad_________araincoat_________anumbrella.Soshehadtowaituntiltherainstoppedyesterday.A.neither...nor B.either...orC.notonly...butalso D.both...andMydeskmateFlora'shandwritingismuchbetterthan_________.A.me B.mine C.I D.myIdon'tquiteunderstandwhatyousaid.Wouldyoupleasegiveus_________example?A.others B.other C.theother D.anotherThepoorcoupledreamedofhavingaflatof_________ownsomedayinthefuture.A.theyB.them C.their D.theirsYouneedn'ttellmeaboutthis._________sentmeamessageaboutitthreedaysago.A.Noone B.Anyone C.Someone D.EveryoneSomepeoplethinkthatthegrassisgreeneron_________sideofthehill.A.anotherB.other C.others D.theother_________mayhaveachancetobesuccessfulifhetrieshisbest.A.Noone B.EveryoneC.Nobody D.NoneSomegavemoneytothepeopleintheearthquakeareasand_________offeredclothesandfood.A.theothers B.another C.other D.others—Simoncouldlookafter_________whenhewasfive.—Really?Howindependenthewas!A.he B.him C.his D.himselfI'mtoosleepytogoonreading,I'dbetterhave_________cupofcoffee.A.other B.theother C.another D.othersTouristscanenjoywonderfulviewson_________sideoftheHuangpuRiver.A.all B.both C.any D.eitherTheJuniorThreestudentshadsportsintheplaygroundthismorning.Someplayedbasketball,____practicedrunning.A.theother B.another C.theothers D.othersAmy’selectronicdictionaryismoreexpensivethan_________.A.I B.me C.my D.mineWhynottrysome_________activitiesifyouaretiredofrunning?A.other B.theother C.others D.theoth