人教版2025年八年級英語下冊 Unit 1 Whats the matter？【單元知識清單】

Unit1What’sthematter？Unit1話題“健康和急救”詞匯1.foot（名詞）腳→（復(fù)數(shù)）2.(1)lie(動詞)平躺，躺→(過去式)→(過去分詞)→(現(xiàn)在分詞)(2)lie(動詞)說謊→(過去式)→(過去分詞)→(現(xiàn)在分詞)(3)lay(動詞)放置，下蛋→(過去式)→(過去分詞)→(現(xiàn)在分詞)3.tooth（名詞）牙齒→（復(fù)數(shù)）→（名詞）牙痛4.press（動詞）按，壓→（名詞）壓力5.breathe（動詞）呼吸→（名詞）呼吸6.climb（動詞）攀登→（名詞）攀登者7.knife（名詞）刀→（復(fù)數(shù)）8.mean（動詞）意思是，打算→（過去式）→（過去分詞）→（名詞）意思，意義→（形容詞）有意義的→（反義詞）毫無意義的9.importance（名詞）重要性→（形容詞）重要的10.decision（名詞）決定→（動詞）決定短語1.____________________感冒／發(fā)燒／咳嗽2.________________________胃痛／牙痛／頭痛3.___________________________喉嚨痛／背痛4.__________________________割到自己 5._____________________躺下休息6.____________________喝足夠的水7._____________________拍X光片 8._____________________量某人的體溫 9._____________________看牙醫(yī)／看醫(yī)生 10._______________下車 11._____________________有心臟病12.___________________出乎某人的意料 13.___________________立刻14.____________________陷人麻煩 15._____________________綁上繃帶 16._________________感到不舒服 17.___________________流鼻血 18.____________________摔倒 19.____________________曬傷 20._____________________冒險21.___________________失去性命 22.___________________用 23.__________________使用某物去做某事24._____________________切除 25.____________以便于；為了26.______________________離開；從·····出來 27._____________________做決定句型1.Ben怎么了？--他受傷了，他背痛。What’sthematterwithBen?--Hehurthimself.Hehasasoreback.2.他應(yīng)該做什么？--他應(yīng)該躺下休息Whatshouldhedo?Heshouldliedownandrest3.他下車詢問那位女士發(fā)生了什么。Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.4.令他驚訝的是，他們都同意和他一起去。Tohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.5.ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengersthemanwassavedbythedoctorsintime.多虧了王先生和乘客們，這個人才能及時被醫(yī)生拯救過來。6.但是這位司機并沒有考慮他自己。Butthebusdriverdidn’tthinkabouthimself.7.作為一名登山運動員，Aron習(xí)慣了冒險。Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.8.DowehavethesamespiritasAron?我們有和阿倫同樣的精神/勇氣嗎？語法1.詢問身體部位狀況的表達(dá)2.情態(tài)動詞should的用法3.反身代詞寫作描述某人存在的健康問題及給出合理建議考點1.“(某人/某物)怎么了？”句型(1)What’sthematter/trouble(withsb./sth.)?=What’swrong(withsb./sth.)?What’sthematter?意為＂怎么了?＂，常用來詢問身體不適、疾病等健康方面的問題；也可用來詢問有什么麻煩或出了什么事。常與with連用，后可跟sb/sth，意為＂某人或某物怎么了？＂。(2)對于“What'sthematter(withsb.)？”的答語常用“have＋a＋表示疾病或病痛的名詞”回答：(3)得知某人生病或住院后，常用“I'msorrytohearthat.”來回答?！窘?jīng)典練】1．—Ihavea________.WhatshouldIdo?—YoushouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.A．cold B．headache C．toothache2．—What’s________matterwithyourmother?—Shehas________badcold.A．a(chǎn);a B．a(chǎn)n;an C．the;a D．the;the考點2.enough足夠的;充足的[教材原句]Shetalkedtoomuchyesterdayanddidn'tdrinkenoughwater.昨天她說話太多,又沒喝足夠的水。(教材第1頁,1c)【用法詳解】enough[形容詞]足夠的;充足的。修飾名詞時,常放在名詞前。timeenough(足夠的時間)雖然有點兒過時,但仍常用。You'llhaveenoughtime/timeenoughtorelax.你將有足夠的時間休息。[副詞]足夠地;充分地可修飾形容詞或副詞,且要放于其后。It'swarmenoughintheroom.房間里夠暖和了Herunsquicklyenough.他跑得足夠快。[代詞]足夠,充分,充足可作主語或賓語。Didyouhaveenoughyesterday?昨天你吃飽了嗎?【拓展】“...enough(for+名詞/代詞+)todosth.”意為“(某人/某物)足夠,能做某事”,可與so...that...(如此以至于)進(jìn)行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。Theboxislightenoughfortheboytocarry=Theboxissolightthattheboycancarryit.這個箱子足夠輕,這個男孩能搬動?！窘?jīng)典練】1．—CanVince’steamfinishthework________?—Ithinktheycaniftheyhave________.A．goodenough;enoughtime B．wellenough;enoughtimeC．enoughgood;timeenough D．enoughwell;timeenough2．Itwas________forustosolvethephysicsproblem.Fewofuscouldevenunderstandit.A．easyenough B．enougheasy C．enoughdifficult D．difficultenough考點3.liedown躺下[教材原句]liedownandrest躺下休息(教材第2頁,2b)【用法詳解】lie的各種含義liev.躺，位于，平放lay—lain—lyingYoushouldliedown.你應(yīng)該躺下。Hisschoolliesinthenorthofthecity.他的學(xué)校位于城北。liev.說謊lied—lied—lyingHeoftenlies.他經(jīng)常說謊。lie(lay,laim,lying)[不及物動詞]躺;平躺liedown躺下Don'tlieinthesunfortoolong.在陽光下躺太長時間Hefoundadoglyingatthedoor.他發(fā)現(xiàn)一只狗趴在門口。Justliedownonthebed.你就躺在床上吧(lay,lain,lying)[不及物動詞]位于;存在,處于QingdaoliesintheeastofShandong.青島位于山東東部。(lied,lied,lying)[不及物動詞]撒謊;說談lietosb.對某人說謊Youarelyingtome.你在對我說謊[可數(shù)名詞]謊言;假話tellalie/telllies說謊Iknowhetoldaliejustnow.我知道他剛才撒了謊【拓展】lay(laid,laid,laying)[動詞]產(chǎn)(卵);下蛋放置;安放Thehenstoppedlayingeggs.這只母雞不下蛋了Shelaidtheplatesdowngentlyonthetable.她把盤子輕輕地放在桌子上。lie撒謊lie-lied-lied-lying躺;存在lie-lay-lain-lyinglay

放置下蛋l(fā)aid-laid-laying【經(jīng)典練】1．WhenAnniegothome,she________thebagsonthetablequicklyandthen________downonthesofatohavearest.A．lay;laid B．laid;lie C．laid;lay D．lay;lie2．Assoonashegothome,he________hisbackpackonthefloorand________downonthesofa.A．willlay,lie B．lied,laid C．laid,lay D．laid,lied考點4.need[教材原句]Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.你需要離開電腦休息。(材第2頁,2d)【用法詳解】(1)need[實義動詞]需要a.needsth.需要某物Sheneedsagoodrest,她需要好好休息。b.needtodosth.需要做某事DoIneedtotakemytemperature?我需要量體溫嗎?c.needdoing(=ncedtobedone)需要被做(表示被動意義,主語常為物)Theroomneedscleaning/tobecleaned.這個房間需要打掃。（2）[情態(tài)動詞]需要無人稱和數(shù)的變化,其后接動詞原形,通常用于疑問句或否定句。NeedIfinishtheworktoday?我需要今天完成這項工作嗎?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.是的,你必須(完成)。/不,你不必(完成)。Thereisenoughtime.Youneedn'tworry.有足夠的時間。你不必?fù)?dān)憂。)（3）[名詞]需要;特別需要,迫切要求needfor...對的需要/需求beinneedof...需要There'sagrowingneedfornewhousesinmanyareas,許多地區(qū)對新房的需求不斷增長。I'minneedofsomefreshair.我很想呼吸一點新鮮空氣。短語：takebreaks休息與take/haveabreak或take/havearest同義。break此處用作可數(shù)名詞,意為“間歌;休息”。短語：awayfrom離開;遠(yuǎn)離【經(jīng)典練】1．You________thepartythiseveningifyouhavesomethingelsetodo.A．don’tneedcomeB．needtocome C．needn’tcome D．needcome2．Chrisisn’ttired,sohe________havearest.A．notneed B．doesn’tneed C．doesn’tneedto D．notneedto3．—NeedIcleanthefloornow,Mr.Green?—No,you________.Wecancleanittogetheraftertheparty.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t考點5.If[教材原句]Ifyourheadandneckstillhurttomorrow,thengotoadoctor.如果明天你的頭和脖子還痛的話,就去看醫(yī)生。(教材第2頁,2d)【用法詳解】if[連詞]如果;假如引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。在含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句中,如果主句是祈使句、主句謂語含有情態(tài)動詞或主句用一般將來時,if從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。Ifyouhaveasorethroat,drinkmorewaterwithhoney.你如果喉嚨痛,多喝加蜂蜜的水。Ifyouhaveatoothache,youshouldgotothedentist.你如果牙痛,應(yīng)該去看牙醫(yī)。(2)hurt(hurt,hurt)[不及物動詞]疼痛主語通常為疼痛的具體部位。MyfeethurtwhenIwalk.我走路時腳痛[及物動詞]使疼痛,使受傷主要指碰撞、打擊等造成的肉體傷害,也申為精神上或情感上的“傷害”。 【經(jīng)典練】1．I’mnotsureifit________tomorrow.Ifit________,wewon’tclimbtheSouthHill.A．willsnow;snows B．willsnow;willsnow C．snows;snows2．—Whatwillyoudotomorrow?—I________onapicnicifitdoesn’train.A．willgo B．go C．wouldgo D．going考點6.seesb.doing[教材原句]At9:00a.m.yesterday,busNo.26wasgoiralongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriversawanomanlyingonthesideoftheroad.昨天上午9點26路公交車正行駛在中華路上,這時司機看到一位老人躺在路邊。(教材第3頁,3a)【用法詳解】過去進(jìn)行時此處wasgoing為過去進(jìn)行時經(jīng)構(gòu)。過去進(jìn)行時由“was/were+動詞-ing形式”成,表示過去某個時間正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動作Hewaswritingareportat8:00a.m.yesterday昨天上午8點他正在寫報告。Mybrotherwaslyinginthesofawhenmyfathercameback.我爸爸回來時,我弟弟正躺在沙發(fā)seesb.dosth.看見某人做了某事.強調(diào)看見動作發(fā)生的整個過程或看見動作經(jīng)常發(fā)生seesb.doing看見某人正在做某事。強調(diào)看見某個動作正在進(jìn)行Wesawhimcrossingtheroad我們看見他正在過馬路。Wesawhimcrosstheroad.我們看見他過了馬路。類似see這種用法的動詞,常見的還有watch,hear,notice等,其后都可以跟dosth.或doingsth.作賓語補足語?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Bobworksveryhard.Ioftenseehim________Englishinthelibrary.A．reads B．toread C．read2．Insummer,wecanoftenseemanypeople________inthesea.A．swim B．swimming C．swims考點7.thinktwice[教材原句]Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing,stoppedthebuswithoutthinkingtwice.公交車司機,24歲的王平,沒有多想便停下了車。(教材第3頁,3a)【用法詳解】復(fù)合形容詞24-year-old是復(fù)合形容詞,意為“24歲的”。這種復(fù)合形容詞有兩個特點:一是數(shù)詞、名詞、形容詞之間要用連字符連接,二是數(shù)詞后的名詞須用單數(shù)形式Theeight-year-oldboyhurthiskneewhenplaying那個8歲的男孩在玩耍時傷到膝蓋了。這種復(fù)合形容詞只能作定語,不作表語。作表語時,用“數(shù)詞+year(s)+old"Tomis10yearsold.湯姆10歲了。thinktwice慎重考慮,再三考慮Youshouldthinktwicebeforemakingadecision.做決定前你應(yīng)該慎重考慮?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Justasthesayinggoes,“Thinktwice________youact.”A．since B．while C．a(chǎn)fter D．before2．Thinktwicebeforemakingadecision,________youmayregretinthefuture.A．so B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．but考點8.getoff意為＂下車＂[教材原句]Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.他下車問那位婦女發(fā)生了什么事。getoff意為＂下車＂，其反義短語為geton＂上車＂。?Excuseme,Ihavetogetoffatthenextstop.勞駕，我必須在下一站下車。?HegotoffatGuangmingRoad.他在光明路下車了。?Don’tgetontheNo.8bus.不要上8路公交車【歸納拓展】常見get構(gòu)成的短語：【經(jīng)典練】1．—HowcanIgettothenearestbank?—TaketheNo.11busand________atthethirdstop.A．getinto B．geton C．getoff D．getoutof2．Weshouldtakecareofourbelongingswhentakingthetrain,especiallywhenwegetonand________thetrain.A．getup B．getinto C．getoutof D．getoff考點9.expect[教材原句]Heexpectedmostorallofthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus.他預(yù)料大部分或全部乘客會下車等下一輛公交車。(教材第3頁,3a)【用法詳解】expectsb.todosth,預(yù)料/期待某人做某事Iexpecthimtobuymeapresent.我期待他給我買件禮物?！就卣埂縠xpecttodosth.預(yù)料/期待做某事Iexpecttobebackwithinaweek.我預(yù)計一周之內(nèi)回來。expect+that從句預(yù)料waitfor等待意wait是不及物動詞,后面不能直接等待某人/某物做某事跟賓語。--waitforsb./sth.todosth.，Heiswaitingforme.他正等著我。I'mwaitingforthedentisttocome.我正在等待牙醫(yī)的到來?！窘?jīng)典練】1．—Whatdoyouexpect________fromthisfamousbook?—MaybeIcanlearnsomeinterestingstoriesaboutgreatpeople.A．towatch B．tolearn C．totalk D．towrite2．—Ihope________theexamtogetafurthereducation.—Me,too.Myparentsexpectme________hardandgetintoacollege.A．passing;studyingB．topass;studyingC．passing;tostudy D．topass;tostudy考點10.toone'ssurprise[教材原句]Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.但令他驚訝的是,他們都同意和他一起去。(教材第3頁,3a)【用法詳解】(1)toone'ssurprise使某人驚訝的是;出乎某人的意料是“toone's+表示感情色彩的名詞"結(jié)構(gòu),通常用作插人語,放在句首,其后用逗號與其他部分隔開。Tohissurprise,shewonfirstprize令他驚訝的是,她獲得了一等獎?！皌oone's+表示感情色彩的名詞”意為“令/使某人的是”,這一結(jié)構(gòu)的短語:還有:toone'sjoy令/使某人高興的是toone'sdisappointment令/使某人失望的是toone'ssatisfaction令/使某人滿意的是[拓展]getasurprise吃驚insurprise驚訝地;驚奇地Theygotasurprisewhentheysawasnakesleepingnearthefire.當(dāng)看到一條蛇睡在火堆旁邊時他們很吃驚。agreetodosth.同意做某事Sheagreedtogoshoppingwithme.她同意和我一起去購物?！就卣埂縜gree.withsb.同意某人(的意見或觀點等)Iagreewithhim.我同意他的看法。agreeto+建議/計劃/安排同意某建議/計劃/安排He'llagreetotheirplans.他將同意他們的計劃。agreeonsth.就某事達(dá)成一致Cantheyagreeontheprice?他們能就價格達(dá)成一致嗎?【經(jīng)典練】1．To________surprise,Patrickdidn’tagreewithme.A．my B．his C．myself2．To________surprise,allthepassengersagreed________withhim.A．he;go B．his;togo C．him;going D．him;go3．—Bettyjumpedup________whensheheardtheterriblenews.—Iwasshocked,too.That’stoobad.A．insilence B．indanger C．insurprise考點11.trouble[教材原句]Happinessliesfirstofallinhealth,It'ssadthatmanypeopledon'twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon'twantanytrouble..因為不想惹麻煩,許多人不想幫助別人,這是令人寒心的(教材第3頁,3a)【用法詳解】(1)Itis/was+形容詞+that從句.某事是It'sbadthatmysonhasahighfever.我兒子發(fā)高燒,真是太糟了。(2)trouble[不可數(shù)名詞]苦惱;麻煩常用短語有:(be)introuble處于困境中g(shù)etintotrouble陷人困境,造成麻煩havetrouble(in)doingsth.=haveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有困難What'sthetroublewithyou?你出什么事了?Yetmorethan700millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavetroublegettingclean,safewater.但是世界上有超過7億的人在獲取干凈、安全的水方面有困難?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Pleasecalluswhenyouare________.A．introuble B．inhelp C．gettrouble D．inhope2．—Ihavetrouble________English,MissLin.—WhynotgototheEnglishcornerandtrytotalkwithothers?A．reading B．speaking C．writing考點12.hit[教材原句]BusNo.26hitanoldmanonZhonghuaRoad26路公交車在中華路上撞了一位老人。(教材第3頁,3b)【用法詳解】hit(hit,hit)[及物動詞]碰撞;撞擊;(用手或器具)擊;打;擊中,命中Thebushitthebridge.公共汽車撞到了橋上Shehitmeontheheadwithabook.她用書打了我的頭。Theballhitthewindow.那個球擊中了窗戶。當(dāng)表示“打某人某個部位”時常有兩種結(jié)構(gòu):hitsb.inthe+身體較軟或凹陷的部位(face/eye/mouth/stomach/...)打在某人的(臉/眼睛/嘴/肚子/)上hitsb.onthe+身體較硬或凸出的部位(head/nose/back/...)打在某人的(頭鼻子/后背/)上(hit,hit)[動詞]打擊;襲擊Shehitsathim.她朝他打去。Thevillagehasbeenhitbyadrought.那個村莊遭受了干旱。[名詞]打;打擊;成功;紅極一時的人或事物Shebecameahitatthattime.她成了那時轟動一時的人物?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Theselittlewind-bellshit________eachother,givingoffasweetsound.Itmakesmethinkofmylovelychildhood.A．off B．a(chǎn)gainst C．through D．upon考點13.getto[教材原句]Theoldmangottothehospitalintime.那位老人及時到達(dá)了醫(yī)院。(教材第3頁,3b)辨析:getto,arrive與reach三者都表示“到達(dá)”,其區(qū)別為:getto其后接地點名詞;接表示地點的副詞home,here,there時,須省略介詞to相當(dāng)于及物動詞的用法arrive不及物動詞可直接跟地點副詞;加上介詞at/in后才能接地點名詞(大城市或國家等大地點前用in,鄉(xiāng)村或車站等小地點前用at)reach及物動詞其后可直接跟地點名詞或代詞WhattimeshallwegettoBeijing?我們幾點到北京?Igethomeat7:00p.m.everyday.我每天晚上七點到家。WearrivedinLondonlastweek.我們上周到達(dá)了倫敦。Thedoctorarrivedatthevillageatlast.醫(yī)生終于到達(dá)了那個村子。IreachedBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday.我前天到了北京。【經(jīng)典練】1．Mydadisinbad________.________enoughexercise,heplans________everymorning.A．health;Toget;jogging B．diet;Getting;tojogC．lifestyle;Get;jogging D．health;Toget;tojog考點14.falldown摔倒;跌倒;倒塌[教材原句]Didyoufalldown?你摔倒了嗎?(教材第4頁,4c)【用法詳解】falldown摔倒;跌倒;倒塌falldownfrom=falloff從上掉/摔下來Whenthelittlegirlranacrossthestreet,shefelldown.那個小女孩跑過街道時摔倒了。Hefelldownfromhisbikeyesterday.=Hefelloffhisbikeyesterday.昨天他從自行車上摔了下來。Idon'tthinkthetowerwillfalldown.我認(rèn)為這座塔不會倒塌?！就卣埂縡all的其他常見短語:fallbehind落后,跟不上fallinlovewith愛上fallinto落人fallasleep人睡fallover跌倒【經(jīng)典練】1．—Thebuildingisverydangerous.—You’reright.Itlooksasifit’sgoingto________.A．turndown B．cutdown C．falldown D．liedown2．——Tony,pleasebecareful,oryoumay__________ontothewetground.——OK.Thankyou.A．feellike B．falldown C．careabout D．findout考點15.breathhaveproblemsbreathing呼吸困難(教材第6頁2a)【用法詳解】haveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有問題困難同義短語為havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth..Wehaveproblemsgettingtothemountainvillagebeforedark.天黑前我們到達(dá)那個山村有困難。Shehasnoproblem(in)singingthesong.她唱這首歌沒問題。breathe〔動詞]呼吸讀作名詞breathPeoplebreathemoreslowlywhentheyareasleep.人們睡覺時呼吸較為緩慢。It'sgoodtobreathefreshair.呼吸新鮮空氣有好處?！就卣埂縝reath〔名詞〕呼吸outofbreath上氣不接下氣takeadeepbreath深呼吸【經(jīng)典練】1．It’sdifficultforme________afterthe20-kilometerhiking.A．tobreathe B．breathe C．tobreath2．Treesaregoodforpeople’s______becausetheytakeinharmfulgasesfromtheairandproduceoxygenforpeople______.A．health,tobreatheB．healthy,tobreatheC．health,tobreath D．healthy,breath考點16.beinterestedin[教材原句]AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.阿倫·羅爾斯頓是一位對登山感興趣的美國人。(教材第6頁，2b)【用法詳解】(1)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句此處whoisinterestedinmountainclimbing是定語從句,修飾先行詞anAmericanman,who是關(guān)系代詞。被定語從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。當(dāng)先行詞為人時,常用關(guān)系代詞who或that引導(dǎo)定語從句,who或that在定語從句中可作主語或賓語。who或that作主語時不可省略,作賓語時可省略。Doyouknowthegirlswho/thataredancing?你認(rèn)識那些正在跳舞的女孩嗎?(who/that作主語,不可省略)Theman(who/that)youarewaitingforwon'tcome.你正在等的那個人不會來了。(who/that作賓語,可省略)（2）beinterestedin對……感興趣側(cè)重狀態(tài),其后可接名詞(短語)、代詞或動詞-ing形式作賓語。becomeinterestedin意為“對….產(chǎn)生興趣”,側(cè)重動作。Hewasinterestedinsciencewhenhewasyoung他小時候就對科學(xué)感興趣。(3)辨析:interested與interestinginterested感興趣的多作表語，通常用來說明人的感受interesting有趣的作表語或定語，多表示事物具有令人感興趣的特征，通常用來說明或修飾事物Hebecameinterestedinfishing.他變得對釣魚感興趣。Thecartoonisveryinteresting這部動畫片很有趣。【經(jīng)典練】1．Thebookisvery________andIam________init.A．interest；interest B．interesting；interested C．interested；interested2．Thesebooksare________.Weare________inthem.A．interesting;interesting B．interested;interestedC．interesting;interested D．interested;interesting考點17.beusedtodoing[教材原句]Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作為一名登山者,阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險。(教材第6頁,2b)【用法詳解】as〔介詞〕作為,當(dāng)作后跟名詞作賓語。Heworksinthehotelasacook.他在賓館當(dāng)廚師。(2)climber〔可數(shù)名詞〕登山者;攀登者該詞是…由“動詞climmb+-er”構(gòu)成的名詞。許多動詞后可加-er或-or構(gòu)成名詞,表示動作的執(zhí)行者。write(寫作)->writer(作者)sing(唱歌)→singer(歌唱家;歌手)swim(游泳)→swimmer(游泳者)collect(收集)→collector(收集者;收藏家)visit(參觀)→visitor(參觀者)beusedto習(xí)慣于…適應(yīng)于強調(diào)狀態(tài)。此處to為介詞,后可接名詞(短語)、代詞或動詞ing形式。該短語中be還可換成get,強調(diào)過程。Heisusedtodrinkingteawithhoney."他習(xí)慣喝加蜂蜜的茶。Youwillgetusedtothissituationsoon..你很快就會適應(yīng)這種狀況。(4)risk①〔名詞】危險;風(fēng)險theriskof………的風(fēng)險takerisks=takearisk冒險Don'ttakerisks.不要冒險。Eatingjunkfoodcanincreasetheriskoftheillness.吃垃圾食品會增加生病的風(fēng)險。2[動詞]冒險riskdoingsth.冒險做某事Heriskedhislifetosavethechild.他冒著生命危險去救那個孩子。【經(jīng)典練】1．Yourpocketmoneycanbeusedto________thecharity.Youusedto________alotonsnacks.A．supporting;spendB．support;spendingC．support;spend D．supporting;spending2．—Iheardthetrafficinthecity_______beterrible!—Yes,butithasimprovedalot.Ithinkyouwill_______itsoon.A．usedto;usedto B．getusedto;usedto C．usedto;getusedto考點18.becauseof[教材原句]ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.有好多次,阿倫差點兒因為意外丟掉性命。(教材第6頁,2b)【辨析】becauseof與because二者都可表示“因為”,其區(qū)別為:介詞短語becauseof后面可接名詞(短語)代詞或動詞-ing形式because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句連詞Becauseofalongcoldwinter,Icelandhasashortgrowingseason.由于漫長寒冷的冬季,冰島有很短的生長期。Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.他沒來上學(xué),因為他生病了?！窘?jīng)典練】1．—WhatdidLisadoduringtheNationalDay?—She________athomeduringtheNationalDay________thereweremanypeopleeverywhere.A．stayed;because B．stayed;although C．stays;because考點19.free[教材原句]Becausehecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.因為無法使自己的胳膊掙脫開來,他在那兒待了5天,希望有人會發(fā)現(xiàn)他。(教材第6頁，2b)【用法詳解】free①[及物動詞〕使自由;釋放;解放Ifreedthebirdsfromtheircagesyesterday.昨天我把籠子里的鳥兒放飛了。②〔形容詞〕空閑的;免費的;自由的I'mnotfreeonMonday.我星期一沒空。Canyougetafreeticketfortheconcert?你能弄到一張免費的音樂會門票嗎?Thisisafreecountry.這是一個自由的國家?！窘?jīng)典練】1．I’mafraidI’mnotavailabletohelpwithschoolshowonthe19th.A．I’mfree B．I’mnotbusy C．I’mnotfree D．I’mangry2．—CanIaskyousomequestionsabouttoday’sclass?—________.A．Ofcoursenot B．No,youcan’t C．It’snotabigdeal D．Yes,feelfree考點20.runout[教材原句]Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.但是當(dāng)他的水用盡時，他知道他必須做一些事情來拯救自己的生命。runout作不及物動詞短語，意為＂用盡；耗盡＂，主語通常是時間、金錢、水、食物等無生命名詞。?Hisstrengthranout.他的力氣用完了。?Afteralongwalk,heranoutofhiswater.長途跋涉后，他用盡了他的水。【易混辨析】runout與runoutofrunout是＂動詞＋副詞＂型動詞短語，主語通常是時間、食物、金錢等名詞。?Hismoneysoonranout.他的錢很快花完了。runoutof作及物動詞用(＝useup)，后接賓語，主語通常是人。

?Ihaverunoutofmymoneybeforepayday.在發(fā)工資的日子之前我已經(jīng)用盡了我的錢?！咀⒁狻縭unoutof...其原意為＂從……中跑出＂。?Lotsofstudentsranoutoftheclassroomtoseewhathadhappened.很多學(xué)生從教室里跑出來看看發(fā)生了什么事。【經(jīng)典練】1．Theenergyfromthesunandwindisverycheapanditwillnever________.A．becarriedout B．berunout C．carryout D．runout2．Ifwedon’tstopwastingwater,thespringwaterinJinan________.A．runout B．ranout C．wasrunningout D．willrunout考點21.ready[教材原句]Hewasnotreadytodiethatday.他不想那天就死去。(教材第6頁,2b)【用法詳解】bereadytodosth.愿意做某事;準(zhǔn)備好做某事表示即將去做。Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.她總是樂意幫助別人。Wearereadytoanswerthequestions.我們做好了回答問題的準(zhǔn)備?！就卣埂縝ereadyfor為……做好準(zhǔn)備HewasreadyfortheEnglishexam.他為英語考試做好了準(zhǔn)備?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Simonishelpful.He_________helpuswithourstudies.A．getscloseto B．isinterestedin C．isreadyto D．keepsfitto2．—Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithme?—Sorry,I’mgettingready________theEnglishexam.A．for B．to C．with D．of考點22.with/bandage/toomuch[教材原句]Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.然后,他用左臂給自己綁上繃帶,以便他不會失血過多。(教材第6頁,2b)【用法詳解】(1)辨析:with與in兩者都可用作介詞,意為“用”,但用法不同。with.表示“用”工具.身體部位等。writewithapen用鋼筆寫Theyeatwithforks.他們用又子吃飯。I'llhavetoseeitwithmyowneyes.我必須親眼看到它。in.表示“用”語言、聲音、材料等writeinink用墨水寫ShecangiveatalkinEnglish她能用英語演講。Hetalkedtoherinalowvoice.他低聲和她說話。（2）bandage①〔及物動詞〕用繃帶包扎Thedoctorbandagedhisleftleg.醫(yī)生給他的左腿綁上了繃帶。②〔名詞]繃帶Thebandageisstillonhishand.他手上仍纏著繃帶。（3）sothat其用法如下:以便:為了引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句sothat前通常沒有逗號與主句隔開;sothat可換成inorderthat因此,所以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句根據(jù)需要使用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)，sothat前可以用逗號Bringitclosersothat(=inorderthat)Imayseeitbetter把它拿近些，以便我能看清楚些。(目的狀語從句)Shegotuplate,sothatshemissedtheearlybus.她起床晚了,因此沒趕上早班公交車。(結(jié)果狀語從句)(4)辨析:toomuch,muchtoo與toomanytoomuch太多修飾不可數(shù)名詞，置與名詞前Ihavetoomuchhomeworktodotoday.今天我有太多名詞前家庭作業(yè)要做。修飾動詞放在動詞后Theteachertoldhimnottotalktoomuch.老師告訴他不要說太多。muchtoo太修飾形容詞或副詞原級，表示程度Theworkismuchtoohardforme.這份工作對我來說太難了toomany太多修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞Therearetoomanypeopleinthepark.公園里有太多人?！局洝縯oomuch,muchtoo與toomanytoomuch,muchtoo,用法區(qū)別看后頭much后跟不可數(shù),too后則跟形或副:toomany要記住,其后名詞必復(fù)數(shù)【經(jīng)典練】1．—Howdoyoustudy________atest?—Ioftenstudy________agroup．A．for;at B．a(chǎn)t;in C．for;with2．Icutmyfinger.Ithinkyoushould_____.A．liedownandrest B．putabandageonitC．takeyourtemperature D．putyourheadback3．Mycousinis________heavybecauseheofteneats________fastfood.A．toomuch;toomanyB．muchtoo;toomanyC．muchtoo;toomuch D．toomuch;muchtoo考點23.mean[教材原句]Thismeansbeinginadiffcultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.它的意思是“處干一個你似乎無法擺脫的困境之中”。(教材第6頁26)【用法詳解】mean(meant,meant)[及物動詞)①意思是;意為其后常接名詞、動詞-ing形式或從句。其名詞形式是meaning,意為“意義;意思”。Whatdoes“blood"mean?blood的意思是什么?Youmeanyouhaveasoreback?你的意思是你背疼?②意味著其后常接名詞(短語)或動詞-ing形式作賓語。meandoingsth.意味著做某事Mynewjobmeansworkingalldayandallnight我的新工作意味著夜以繼日地工作。③打算;意欲meantodosth.打算做某事Imeantotalkwithhimaboutit.我打算和他談?wù)勥@件事?！就卣埂縒hatdoyoumeanby...?=Whatdo/does...mean?Readingistothemindwhileexerciseistoths=What'sthemeaningof.?……是什么意思?其中by后跟名詞(短語)、代詞或動詞-ing形式Whatdoyoumeanbythisword?=Whatdoesthiswordmean?=What'sthemeaningofthisword?這個單詞是什么意思?(2)getoutof離開;從………出來其反義短語是getinto“進(jìn)人”Thankstoyourhelp,Igotoutoftroubleintime.多虧你的幫助,我及時擺脫了困境?！窘?jīng)典練】1．—Whatisthe________ofthesignonthebottle?—It________“Keepawayfromthebabies”.A．meaning;means B．mean;meansC．mean;meaning D．meaning;meaning考點24.decision[教材原句]Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone'slife.在這本書中,阿倫講述了正確抉擇和掌控自己命運的重要性。(教材第6頁,2b)(1)makedecisions/adecision做決定makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.決定做某事Letmemakedecisionsmyself.讓我自己做決定。Imakeadecisiontobeadoctorwhenlgrowup.我決定長大后當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。(2)beincontrolof掌管;管理Youshouldbeincontrolofyourownlifeandbushness.你應(yīng)該掌管自己的生活和事業(yè)。[拓展]beinthecontrolof受.……控制/管理beoutofcontrol失去控制beundercontrol在控制之下Thecompanyisinthecontroloftheyoungman!這家公司在這個年輕人的管理之下?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Theyoungmanmadeadecision________themountainalone.A．toclimb B．climb C．climbs D．climbing2．MyEnglishteacheralwaysencouragesus________decisionsbyourselves.A．make B．making C．tomake考點25.so..that..如此……以至于[教材原句]Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.他對登山如此酷愛,甚至在這次(臂)經(jīng)歷之后他還繼續(xù)登山。(教材第6頁,2b)【用法詳解】so..that..如此……以至于that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。此句型中,so是副詞常用來修飾形容詞或副詞。Sheissoyoungthatshecan'tlookafterherself.她如此小以至于不能照顧自己。so...that...句型中，that引導(dǎo)的從句…中的主語與主句中的主語一致，且從句為否定句時可與too...to...或not...enoughto結(jié)構(gòu)相互轉(zhuǎn)換。Heissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.=Heistooyoungtogotoschool.=Heisn'toldenoughtogotoschool.他太小了,不能去上學(xué)(2)keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事表示動作重復(fù)多次,中間有間隔,強調(diào)重復(fù)性。Shekeptonworking,althoughshewastired.她盡管很累，但仍繼續(xù)工作?！就卣埂竣賙eepdoingsth.繼續(xù)不停地做某事表示動作持續(xù)不間斷、無停頓,強調(diào)連續(xù)性。Keepwalkinguntilyoureachtheendoftheroad.繼續(xù)走，直到你到達(dá)路的盡頭。②keepsb.doingsth.使某人一直做某事Don'tkeepyourmotherwaiting不要讓你媽媽一直等著。③keepsb.fomdoingsth.阻止某人做某事Youshouldn'tkeephimfromwatchingcartoons.你不該阻止他看動畫片?！窘?jīng)典練】1．“Thenewcomedyissofunnythatthewholecinemaisfulloflaughter.”句子中包含________。A．目的狀語從句 B．結(jié)果狀語從句 C．條件狀語從句考點26.death[教材原句]..andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath.………以及在我們不得不做出可能意味著生死的決定之前。(教材第6頁，2b)【辨析】:death,die,dead與dyingdeath不可數(shù)名詞死;死亡在句中可作主語或賓語名詞die動詞死是非延續(xù)性動詞，不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，其過去式、過去分詞均為died，動詞-ing形式為dyingdead形容詞死的表示狀態(tài),可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用dying形容詞要死的垂死的;在句中常作定語Thedeathofherfatherwassudden.她父親的死很突然。Shediedtwoyearsago.她兩年前去世了。Thebirdisdead.這只鳥死了。Thisisadyingbird.這是一只快要死的鳥?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Hispetdog________formanyyearsandthe________ofthedogmadeherverysad.A．hasdied;dying B．hasdied;death C．hasbeendead;dying D．hasbeendead;death考點27.mind[教材原句]Aronlovesmountainclimbinganddoesn'tmindtakingrisks.阿倫熱愛登山,不介意冒險。(教材第7頁，2e)【用法詳解】mind〔動詞〕介意;在乎后面可接名詞(短語)、代詞、動詞-ing形式或從句作賓語，但不能跟動詞不定式。mind也可用作不及物動詞,常用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中。Wouldyoumindparkingyourcarthere?你介意把車停到那邊嗎?DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?我打開窗戶，你介意嗎?Idon’tmindatall.我一點兒都不介意。【經(jīng)典練】1．—Wouldyoumind________thewindow,please?It’stoohot.—Ofcoursenot.A．opening B．toopen C．closing一．語法精講（一）詢問身體部位狀況的表達(dá)1.詢問某人的健康問題及遇到麻煩時的常用表達(dá)1.詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到了何種麻煩時,常用以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá):What'sthematter(withsb.)?(某人)怎么了?What'swrong(withsb.)?(某人)怎么了?What'sthetrouble(withsb.)?/(某人)出什么事了?Whathappened(tosb.)?(某人)發(fā)生什么事了?AreyouOK?你沒事吧?Isthereanythingwrong(withsb.)?(某人)有什么事嗎?2.要表達(dá)身體某一部位疼痛或不舒服,可用以下結(jié)構(gòu):(1)某人+have/has+病癥Thetwinshavecolds.這對雙胞胎感冒。(2)某人+have/has+a(n)+身體部位-ache(headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache).Shehadastomachachelastnight.她昨晚胃痛。(3)某人+have/hasasore+身體部位Hehasasorethroat.他喉嚨痛。(4)某人+hurt(s)+身體部位或反身代詞Hehurthisleg.他的腿受傷了。(5)身體部位+hurt(s).Myheadhurts.我頭痛。(5)某人+have/hasapaininone’s+身體部位Ihaveapaininmychest.我胸口痛。(6)其他表達(dá)方式Shehasaheartproblem.她有心臟病。Hegothitonthehead.他的頭部受到了撞擊。（二）情態(tài)動詞should的用法should作情態(tài)動詞，有實際的詞義，但它不可單獨作謂語，須與動詞原形連用，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。其否定形式在其后加not，可縮寫為shouldn’t；變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r，should提到主語之前。它的用法如下：1.表示委婉地提出意見或建議，一般意為＂應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)＂。?Youshouldeatlotsofhealthyfood.你應(yīng)該多吃些健康的食品。?Youshouldhelpeachother.你們應(yīng)該互相幫助。2.表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任，也意為＂應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)＂。?Youshouldstudyhard.你應(yīng)當(dāng)努力學(xué)習(xí)。?Heshouldpayforthebooks.他應(yīng)當(dāng)付書錢。3.表示命令和要求，語氣比較強烈。?Weshouldrespectourteachersandparents.我們應(yīng)該尊敬老師和父母。?Youshouldn’tbesocareless.你不應(yīng)該這么粗心。4.表示預(yù)測和可能性。?Heshouldbeateacher.他可能是一位老師。?Theyshouldbeintheclassroom.他們應(yīng)該在教室里。5.表示說話人的感情，如驚奇、憤怒、失望等，多見于以why，who，how，what等開頭的特殊疑問句中。?WhyshouldIinviteher?為什么我要邀請她？?HowshouldIknow?我怎么會知道？（三）反身代詞反身代詞是由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱的人稱代詞賓格形式，詞尾加-self或-selves組成的。反身代詞意為＂本人＂＂本身＂，為加強語氣，也可翻譯為＂親自＂＂自己＂。1.反身代詞構(gòu)成數(shù)數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves反身代詞的用法反身代詞：反身代詞用法口訣反身代詞莫亂用，能在句中賓、表、同；主語、定語不能用，固定搭配要記清。單數(shù)反身代詞：myself,yourself,himself,itself；復(fù)數(shù)反身代詞：ourselves,yourselves,themselves。含有反身代詞的習(xí)慣用語1.applyoneselfto致力于2.byoneself獨自地3.behaveoneself舉止良好4.cometooneself蘇醒過來5.devoteoneselfto專心于6.dressoneself自己穿衣；穿著，打扮7.enjoyoneself玩得愉快8.foroneself親自9.helponeselfto隨便吃，隨便用10.seatoneself坐下來11.saytooneself心里想12.teachoneself自學(xué)13.ofoneself自動地二、健康與急救Unit1What’sthematter?單元寫作專題本單元的話題是健康與急救，主要學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)傷病及處理建議的表達(dá)方式。本單元以What'sthematter/wrong(with...)?Ihaveacold.He/Shehasafever.為中心話題，圍繞描述“身體的不適和提出建議”展開，學(xué)習(xí)和運用What'sthematter/wrong?/Whatshould..…do?描述身體的不適并提出建議。有利于青少年了解常見的基本急救健康知識，促使他們養(yǎng)成良好的衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣，增強自我保護(hù)和防范能力。寫作步驟◆步驟一：1.描述問題；◆步驟二：給出合理化的建議；◆步驟三：表達(dá)祝愿，希望對方走出困境。一、寫作積累(一)談?wù)摻】祮栴}的句型:1.What'sthematter(withsb.)?2.Doesshe/hehaveatoothache/stomachache/headache/fever...?3.AreyouOK?