人教版2025年八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè) 考點(diǎn)清單02 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（shouldcould）和反身代詞【講練合一】

專題02情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（should，could）和反身代詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一、should的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，否定形式為shouldn’t。1、should的句式結(jié)構(gòu)句式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語+should+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Weshouldhelpthepeopleintrouble.否定句主語+shouldn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Theyshouldn’teattoomuch.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+should+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？Whereshouldwemeet?一般疑問句Should+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？—It’stoocold.ShouldIclosethewindow?肯定回答Yes,主語+should.—Yes,youshould.否定回答No,主語+shouldn’t.—No,youshouldn’t.2、should的基本用法及示例用法示例表示勸告、建議YoushouldanswerthequestioninEnglish.你應(yīng)該用英語回答這個(gè)問題。表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任Childrenshoulddotheirhomeworkbythemselves.孩子們應(yīng)該獨(dú)自做作業(yè)。表示推斷、判斷Theyshouldbeathomenow,Ithink.我認(rèn)為，他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在家。表示驚訝、贊嘆、不滿等HowshouldIknow?我怎么會(huì)知道？二、could的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could構(gòu)成的句型用于向?qū)Ψ轿竦靥岢稣?qǐng)求或征求對(duì)方的許可，它本身不能做謂語，必須和不帶to的動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。1、基本用法（1）could用于第一人稱，表示希望得到對(duì)方的許可。句型CouldI...？意為“我可以做.…...嗎？”，用于請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許自已做某事，此時(shí)could不是can的過去式?？隙ɑ卮穑篩es,youcan./Yes,please./Yes,sure./Certainly.否定回答：No,youcan’t./Sorry,youcan’t./No,I’mafraidyoucan’t.?！狢ouldIsmokehere,please？請(qǐng)問我能在這里抽煙嗎？一Yes,youcan.是的，你能?！狢ouldIgotothemovieswithmyfriendtomorrow,Mum？媽媽，我明天可以和朋友去看電影嗎？—No,youcan’t.Youshouldtakeyourpianolesson.不，不行。你要上鋼琴課。（2）could用于第二人稱，表示委婉地提出請(qǐng)求。句型Couldyou（please）do...？意為“（請(qǐng)）你做..….好嗎？”，用于提出要求或請(qǐng)求，其否定形式為Couldyoupleasenot...？肯定回答：Yes,sure/ofcourse.（是的，當(dāng)然可以）。Noproblem.沒問題。Withpleasure.樂意幫忙。Sure/Ofcourse/Certainly,Ican.當(dāng)然可以。否定回答：Certainlynot,當(dāng)然不。Sorry,Ican’t.Ihaveto...對(duì)不起，我不能。我得...…Sorry,I’mgoingto...對(duì)不起，我將要...…I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihaveto...我恐怕不能。我得..….I’mafraidnot.恐怕不行。—Couldyoupleasegohikingwithmetomorrow？明天你能和我—起去徒步嗎？—Sorry,Ican’t.havetostudyforatest.對(duì)不起，我不能。我得為考試而學(xué)習(xí)。2、特殊用法（1）表示請(qǐng)求允許，即請(qǐng)求別人允許自己做某事，could和can都可以用，但could語氣更委婉。Could/CanIgo？我可以去嗎？（2）表示給予允許，即自己允許別人做某事，一般只用can，而不能用could.—CouldIuseyourdictionary？我可以用你的詞典嗎？—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.當(dāng)然可以?；A(chǔ)訓(xùn)練1．Tomakeourdreamcometrue,we________restonwhatwehavedone.A．maynot B．shouldnot C．neednot D．couldnot2．—Mum,doyouthinkI_________takepartintheChemistrycompetition?—Whynot?IfIwereinyourshoes,Icertainlywould.A．might B．would C．should D．must3．—I’mworriedaboutmyschoolgrades.—Maybeyou________playtoomanycomputergames.A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can4．Theschoolruleisthatwe________talkwithanyoneloudlyinthelibrary.A．wouldn’t B．wouldC．should D．shouldn’t5．Allofus________listentotheteacherscarefullyinclass.A．should B．shouldn’tC．can D．can’t6．People________talkonamobilephonewhiletheyaredriving.A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．must D．can7．We________tryourbesttofightagainstpollution.A．should B．may C．mustn’t D．needn’t8．David____astomachache.Sohe____eatanything24hours.A．has,should B．has,should’t C．have,shouldn’t D．has,shouldn’t9．Ican’tsleep,soI_____listentoquietmusic,andI______listentoexcitingmusic.A．should;should B．shouldn’t;shouldn’tC．should;shouldn’t D．can;don’t10．—Idon’tcarewhatmyteachersthink．—Well，you________．A．could B．would C．should D．might11．—________Iwearjeanstothemeeting?

—Ofcoursenot.Jeansarenotsuitablefortheformalevent.A．Need B．Could C．Will D．Should12．—Couldyoupleasebuysomedrinksandsnacks?—________.Idon’thaveanymoney.A．No,Icouldn’t B．Sorry,Ican’t C．Yes,sure D．Noway13．—______yousend(郵寄)theletterforme?—OK.A．Could B．Must C．May D．Should14．—Excuseme,________youpleasetellmewhereIcanpostaletter?—________.Turnleft.ThereisapostofficeonFifthRoad.A．could;Sure B．could;Sorry C．will;Soundsgreat D．will;Goodidea15．—David,_________youpleasesweepthefloorandtakeouttherubbish?—OK,Iamcoming.A．could B．should C．do D．will16．Theboy________rideahorsewhenhewaseightyearsold.A．must B．could C．would D．may17．—________youpleasehelpmelookformyEnglishbook?Ican’tfinditanywhere.—Withpleasure.A．Should B．MustC．Might D．Could18．—________peopletalkwithfriendsbyQQtwentyyearsago?—No,buttodaymostofus________dothat.A．Can;could B．Could;can C．Could;could D．Could;can’t19．—Excuseme._______Isithere?—You’dbetternot.It’stheman’sseat.A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should20．—Itakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?—I’msorryyou.A．Could;couldn’t B．Must;couldn’t C．Will;can’t D．May;can’t提升訓(xùn)練1．（2024·西藏·中考真題）You________eattoomuchfoodbeforeyougotobed,orit’sbadforyou.A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would2．（2024·江蘇無錫·中考真題）Shh…!Thisisalibrary.You________keepyourvoicedown.A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t3．（2023·江蘇連云港·中考真題）Earthquakescanbeverydangerous.We________learntoprotectourselves.A．might B．should C．could D．would4．（2023·湖北武漢·中考真題）—Excuseme,butwe________waitinlinetogetonthesubway.—I’msorry.A．might B．would C．could D．should5．（2023·湖北黃石·中考真題）YoungChinesepeople________keepthemotherlandatheart,aimhigh,andhavetheirfeetfirmlyontheground.A．should B．can C．may D．need6．（23-24八年級(jí)下·山東濱州·期中）—Ihaveabadcold.—You________liedownandhaveagoodrest.A．should B．may C．will D．can7．（23-24八年級(jí)下·江西南昌·期中）—Mom,Ididn’tsleepwelllastnightandI’msotirednow.—Oh,mypoorbaby,you________stayuplatetoplaywithyournewmobilephone.A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t8．（23-24八年級(jí)下·安徽池州·期中）—Jamesatemuchandhehasastomachachenow.—Ithinkhe________liedownandhavearest.A．should B．may C．will D．might9．（23-24八年級(jí)下·山東濱州·期中）People________talkonamobilephonewhiletheyaredriving.A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．don’thaveto D．can10．（23-24八年級(jí)下·云南普洱·期末）—________youpleasenotthrowrubbisheverywhere?—Sorry,I’llpickitup.A．Could B．Need C．Should D．Must11．（23-24八年級(jí)下·安徽阜陽·期末）—Couldyoupleasehelpmemakemybed?—I’mafraidI________.You________

doitonyourown.A．could;may B．couldn’t;should C．can’t;should D．can’t;may12．（23-24八年級(jí)下·甘肅張掖·期末）—Lily,________yougivemeahand?Ican’tcarrytheheavyboxbymyself.—Sure,letmehelpyou.A．could B．must C．should D．need13．（23-24八年級(jí)下·江西撫州·期末）—________Iuseyourdictionary,Lisa?—Waitaminute,please.I’musingitnow.A．Must B．Need C．Should D．Could14．（23-24八年級(jí)下·甘肅武威·期末）—________youhelpmecarrytheheavybox?—Withpleasure.A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need15．（23-24八年級(jí)下·遼寧丹東·期末）—CouldIgooutfordinnerwithmyfriends,mum?—________Youhavesomuchhomeworktodo.A．Yes,sure. B．Sorry,youcan’t. C．Whynot? D．No,youcouldn’t.16．（23-24八年級(jí)下·陜西商洛·期末）MybrotherStevenisasmartboy.He________readwhenhewasfive.A．must B．should C．could D．might17．（23-24八年級(jí)下·吉林長(zhǎng)春·期末）—Mom,couldIgooutwithmyfriendonSunday?—________A．No,youdon’t. B．Yes,youcould. C．Yes,youcan. D．No,youcouldn’t.18．（23-24八年級(jí)下·山東菏澤·期中）—Mum,________Igoshoppingwithyou?—Yes,you________.Butyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A．could;can B．could;could C．must;can D．must;could19．（23-24八年級(jí)下·甘肅慶陽·期末）—What________Idowhenmyparentsdon’tagreewithme?—You________talkwiththemandletthemknowyourthoughts.A．should;can B．could;shouldn’t C．can;can’t D．needn’t;should20．（23-24八年級(jí)下·云南昭通·期末）—IheardJackgotafinebecausehedrovesofastyesterday.—Yes.He________obeythetrafficrulesallthetime.A．should B．can C．may D．shall反身代詞1.含義及構(gòu)成表示反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞叫做反身代詞。它們由第一人稱、第二人稱的形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱的賓格形式,在詞尾加-self或-selves構(gòu)成。反身代詞常譯為“………本人，……自己”。類別第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己復(fù)數(shù)ourselves我們自己yourselves你們自己themselves他們/她們/它們自己2.用法反身代詞與它所指的名詞或代詞形成互指關(guān)系,在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。(1)作賓語反身代詞常在teach,enjoy,help,hurt,lookafter等后作賓語。Theboyisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.這個(gè)男孩足夠大，可以照顧自己了。(2)作同位語反身代詞常用作主語或賓語的同位語,用來加強(qiáng)語氣。MissGreenherselfisanurse.格林小姐本人就是一位護(hù)士。YoushouldgoandaskTomhimself.你應(yīng)該去問一下湯姆本人。(3)作表語反身代詞可放在be,feel,seem,look等連系動(dòng)詞后作表語,用來描述身體或精神等方面的感覺或狀態(tài)。Justbeyourself.做你自己就好了。3.含有反身代詞的常用短語enjoyoneself玩得高興hurt/cutoneself傷/割著自己byoneself獨(dú)自,單獨(dú)believeinoneself相信自己helponeselfto...隨便吃/喝……teachoneself.../learn...byoneself自學(xué)…loseoneselfin迷戀,沉醉于基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練1．—Yoursister’sEnglishisverygood.Whotaughther?—Nobody.Shelearneditby________?.A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself2．—Wheredidyougetthisskylantern?—Imadeitby________.A．herself B．itself C．myself D．yourself3．Thesummercampwasreallywonderful,andLisaenjoyed________.A．yourself B．himselfC．myself D．herself4．DoingTaichi(太極)canhelppeopleimprove_________inhealth.A．myself B．itself C．ourselves D．themselves5．NobodytaughtmygrandmahowtouseWeChat.Shelearneditallby______.A．somebody B．a(chǎn)nybody C．himself D．herself6．Studentscannotonlylearnfromtheirteachersbutalsolearnby________duringonlinecourses.A．they B．them C．themselves D．their7．NobodyteachesMaryEnglish.Sheteaches__________.A．her B．herself C．she D．hers8．WhenIfacedifficulties,Ialwayssayto_________,“Nevergiveup!”A．me B．my C．mine D．myself9．Taichi,partofChineseculture,isanexercisewhichhelpspeopleimprove________inhealth.A．themselves B．ourselves C．itself D．myself10．Shehadtolookafter______becausehermotherwastoobusytostaywith______.A．herself;her B．her;herself C．her;her D．herself,herself提升訓(xùn)練1．（23-24八年級(jí)下·安徽淮北·期末）Life________islikeaboxofchocolate,andyouneverknowwhatyouaregoingtogetuntilyouopenit.A．it B．itself C．it’s D．its2．（23-24八年級(jí)下·安徽宿州·期末）—Howamazingthisrobotis!Itcancleanthefloorby____________!—Yeah.Itcanreceivetheorderthroughthephone.A．yourself B．herself C．himself D．itself3．（23-24八年級(jí)下·河北邢臺(tái)·期末）Nowadays,thesweepingrobotcanstartcleaningby______becausepeoplecancontrolitontheirphone.A．herself B．itself C．yourself D．himself4．（23-24八年級(jí)下·遼寧丹東·期末）Theywentdeepintothemountainstostudykungfuandmade________strong.A．them B．they C．their D．themselves5．（23-24八年級(jí)下·湖北孝感·期中）—Where’sLucy?Ididn’tseehertoday.—Oh,shehurt________whensherodetoschoolthismorning.Shewenttoadoctor.A．her B．herself C．him D．himself6．（23-24八年級(jí)下·江西宜春·期末）—Doctor,doIneedtotakeanymedicine?—No.It’snotserious.Justdrinkenoughwater.Yourbodywillfightthevirus(病毒)________.A．itself B．herself C．himself D．myself7．（23-24八年級(jí)下·安徽阜陽·期末）—Iwillhaveatennisgametomorrow.I’malittlenervous.—Believein________.Youarethebestinourschool.A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself8．（23-24八年級(jí)下·河北張家口·期末）Thegirlisoldenoughtolookafter________.A．her B．herself C．hers D．yourself9．（23-24八年級(jí)下·山東濱州·期末）—Howisyournewjob,Sandy?—Great.Thework________iseasy.A．himself B．itself C．ourselves D．themselves10．（23-24八年級(jí)下·廣東深圳·期末）Boys,don’tlose________inplayinggames.Itisbadforyoureyestostareatthescreenforalongtime.A．yourselves B．yourself C．themselves D．ourself11．（23-24八年級(jí)下·北京東城·期末）Bettyisn’tconfident.Shedoesn’talwaysfeelsureof________.A．she B．her C．herself D．hers12．（23-24八年級(jí)下·河北保定·期末）Myboy,youshouldmakeyourbedby________.A．myself B．yourself C．itself D．herself13．（23-24八年級(jí)下·江西南昌·期末）Therabbitcanseebehind________withoutturningitshead.That’sbecauseitseyeareonthesidesofitshead.A．yourself B．itself C．ourselves D．themselves14．（23-24八年級(jí)下·上海楊浦·期末）Let’spaintthehouse______.Itwillbemuchcheaper.A．us B．our C．ourselves D．ours15．（23-24八年級(jí)下·上海金山·期末）Davidishappybecausehislittledaughtercanbrushherteeth_______.A．she B．hers C．her D．herself16．（22-23八年級(jí)下·安徽池州·期末）Whentimesaredifficult,tell________thatpainispartofgrowing.A．yourself B．you C．your D．yours17．（23-24八年級(jí)下·吉林松原·期中）Jennyisgrowingfast.Sheisoldenoughtodress______now.A．her B．herself C．him D．himself18．（23-24八年級(jí)下·安徽淮南·期中）Sueisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Shethinkshelpingothersishelping________.A．himself B．herself C．myself D．themselves19．（23-24九年級(jí)上·甘肅定西·期末）—Whotaught________science?—Nobody.Itaught________.A．your;me B．your;myself C．you;myself D．you;me20．（22-23八年級(jí)下·河北唐山·期末）Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingthetea________.A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself

專題02情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（should，could）和反身代詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一、should的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should意為“應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，否定形式為shouldn’t。1、should的句式結(jié)構(gòu)句式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句主語+should+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Weshouldhelpthepeopleintrouble.否定句主語+shouldn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Theyshouldn’teattoomuch.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+should+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？Whereshouldwemeet?一般疑問句Should+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？—It’stoocold.ShouldIclosethewindow?肯定回答Yes,主語+should.—Yes,youshould.否定回答No,主語+shouldn’t.—No,youshouldn’t.2、should的基本用法及示例用法示例表示勸告、建議YoushouldanswerthequestioninEnglish.你應(yīng)該用英語回答這個(gè)問題。表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任Childrenshoulddotheirhomeworkbythemselves.孩子們應(yīng)該獨(dú)自做作業(yè)。表示推斷、判斷Theyshouldbeathomenow,Ithink.我認(rèn)為，他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在家。表示驚訝、贊嘆、不滿等HowshouldIknow?我怎么會(huì)知道？二、could的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could構(gòu)成的句型用于向?qū)Ψ轿竦靥岢稣?qǐng)求或征求對(duì)方的許可，它本身不能做謂語，必須和不帶to的動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。1、基本用法（1）could用于第一人稱，表示希望得到對(duì)方的許可。句型CouldI...？意為“我可以做.…...嗎？”，用于請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許自已做某事，此時(shí)could不是can的過去式?？隙ɑ卮穑篩es,youcan./Yes,please./Yes,sure./Certainly.否定回答：No,youcan’t./Sorry,youcan’t./No,I’mafraidyoucan’t.?！狢ouldIsmokehere,please？請(qǐng)問我能在這里抽煙嗎？一Yes,youcan.是的，你能?！狢ouldIgotothemovieswithmyfriendtomorrow,Mum？媽媽，我明天可以和朋友去看電影嗎？—No,youcan’t.Youshouldtakeyourpianolesson.不，不行。你要上鋼琴課。（2）could用于第二人稱，表示委婉地提出請(qǐng)求。句型Couldyou（please）do...？意為“（請(qǐng)）你做..….好嗎？”，用于提出要求或請(qǐng)求，其否定形式為Couldyoupleasenot...？肯定回答：Yes,sure/ofcourse.（是的，當(dāng)然可以）。Noproblem.沒問題。Withpleasure.樂意幫忙。Sure/Ofcourse/Certainly,Ican.當(dāng)然可以。否定回答：Certainlynot,當(dāng)然不。Sorry,Ican’t.Ihaveto...對(duì)不起，我不能。我得...…Sorry,I’mgoingto...對(duì)不起，我將要...…I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihaveto...我恐怕不能。我得..….I’mafraidnot.恐怕不行?！狢ouldyoupleasegohikingwithmetomorrow？明天你能和我—起去徒步嗎？—Sorry,Ican’t.havetostudyforatest.對(duì)不起，我不能。我得為考試而學(xué)習(xí)。2、特殊用法（1）表示請(qǐng)求允許，即請(qǐng)求別人允許自己做某事，could和can都可以用，但could語氣更委婉。Could/CanIgo？我可以去嗎？（2）表示給予允許，即自己允許別人做某事，一般只用can，而不能用could.—CouldIuseyourdictionary？我可以用你的詞典嗎？—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.當(dāng)然可以。基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練1．Tomakeourdreamcometrue,we________restonwhatwehavedone.A．maynot B．shouldnot C．neednot D．couldnot【答案】B【詳解】句意：為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的夢(mèng)想，我們不應(yīng)該停留在我們做過的事情上。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。maynot可能不；shouldnot不應(yīng)該；neednot不必；couldnot不能。根據(jù)“restonwhatwehavedone.”可知是不應(yīng)該停留在已經(jīng)做過的事情上。故選B。2．—Mum,doyouthinkI_________takepartintheChemistrycompetition?—Whynot?IfIwereinyourshoes,Icertainlywould.A．might B．would C．should D．must【答案】C【詳解】句意：——媽媽，你認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該參加化學(xué)比賽嗎？——為什么不呢？如果我是你的話，我一定會(huì)的?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。might可能；would會(huì)；should應(yīng)該；must必須。根據(jù)“IfIwereinyourshoes,Icertainlywould.”可推斷出前句詢問是否“應(yīng)該”做某事，因此should符合句意。故選C。3．—I’mworriedaboutmyschoolgrades.—Maybeyou________playtoomanycomputergames.A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．can【答案】B【詳解】句意：——我擔(dān)心我的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)?！苍S你不應(yīng)該玩太多電腦游戲?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。should應(yīng)該；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；could能；can能。根據(jù)“I’mworriedaboutmyschoolgrades.”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處指也許你不應(yīng)該玩太多電腦游戲。故選B。4．Theschoolruleisthatwe________talkwithanyoneloudlyinthelibrary.A．wouldn’t B．wouldC．should D．shouldn’t【答案】D【詳解】句意：學(xué)校的規(guī)定是我們不應(yīng)該在圖書館和任何人大聲說話?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。wouldn’t不會(huì)；would將要；should應(yīng)該；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。由“we…talkwithanyoneloudlyinthelibrary”可知，此處指在圖書館不應(yīng)該大聲說話。故選D。5．Allofus________listentotheteacherscarefullyinclass.A．should B．shouldn’tC．can D．can’t【答案】A【詳解】句意：我們?cè)谡n堂上都應(yīng)該認(rèn)真聽老師講課。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。should應(yīng)該；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；can能；can’t不能。由“Allofus…listentotheteacherscarefullyinclass”可知，此處指上課應(yīng)該認(rèn)真聽講。故選A。6．People________talkonamobilephonewhiletheyaredriving.A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．must D．can【答案】A【詳解】句意：人們不應(yīng)該在開車的時(shí)候打電話?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。should’t不應(yīng)該；needn’t不必；must必須；can能夠。根據(jù)“talkonamobilephonewhiletheyaredriving”及常識(shí)，可知，開車時(shí)不應(yīng)該打電話，故選A。7．We________tryourbesttofightagainstpollution.A．should B．may C．mustn’t D．needn’t【答案】A【詳解】句意：我們應(yīng)該盡力與污染作斗爭(zhēng)?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。should應(yīng)該；may也許；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必。分析“We…tryourbesttofightagainstpollution.”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)義務(wù)，“應(yīng)該”符合語境，故選A。8．David____astomachache.Sohe____eatanything24hours.A．has,should B．has,should’t C．have,shouldn’t D．has,shouldn’t【答案】D【詳解】句意：戴維肚子痛。所以他24小時(shí)都不應(yīng)該吃東西。主語David三單，謂語三單，have的三單是has，“不應(yīng)該做某事”shouldn’tdosth.；結(jié)合句意和選項(xiàng)可知選D。9．Ican’tsleep,soI_____listentoquietmusic,andI______listentoexcitingmusic.A．should;should B．shouldn’t;shouldn’tC．should;shouldn’t D．can;don’t【答案】C【詳解】句意：我睡不著，所以我應(yīng)該聽輕音樂，我不應(yīng)該聽令人興奮的音樂。Should應(yīng)該，shouldn’t不應(yīng)該，表示建議；結(jié)合句意和語境可知選C。10．—Idon’tcarewhatmyteachersthink．—Well，you________．A．could B．would C．should D．might【答案】C【詳解】句意：——我不在乎老師會(huì)怎么看我?！Γ銘?yīng)該在乎的?？疾榍榫敖浑H。本題的含義應(yīng)該是你應(yīng)該在乎老師如何看待你，should表示應(yīng)該的意思，符合題意，故本題選C。11．—________Iwearjeanstothemeeting?

—Ofcoursenot.Jeansarenotsuitablefortheformalevent.A．Need B．Could C．Will D．Should【答案】B【詳解】句意：——我可以穿牛仔褲去開會(huì)嗎？——當(dāng)然不能。牛仔褲不適合參加正式場(chǎng)合?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。Need需要；Could能夠；Will將會(huì)；Should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“Ofcoursenot.”可知此處表示委婉地提出請(qǐng)求，用Could。故選B。12．—Couldyoupleasebuysomedrinksandsnacks?—________.Idon’thaveanymoney.A．No,Icouldn’t B．Sorry,Ican’t C．Yes,sure D．Noway【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你能買些飲料和零食嗎？——對(duì)不起，我不能。我沒有錢?？疾橐话阋蓡柧?。No,Icouldn’t不，不能；Sorry,Ican’t對(duì)不起，我不能；Yes,sure是的，當(dāng)然可以；Noway沒門。根據(jù)“Idon’thaveanymoney.”可知，應(yīng)用否定回答，could表示委婉語氣，所以用can’t回答，故選B。13．—______yousend(郵寄)theletterforme?—OK.A．Could B．Must C．May D．Should【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你能把信郵寄給我嗎？——好的。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。could能；must必須；may可能；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“yousend(郵寄)theletterforme”可知此處是請(qǐng)求允許，用結(jié)構(gòu)couldyoudosth.“你能做某事嗎”。故選A。14．—Excuseme,________youpleasetellmewhereIcanpostaletter?—________.Turnleft.ThereisapostofficeonFifthRoad.A．could;Sure B．could;Sorry C．will;Soundsgreat D．will;Goodidea【答案】A【詳解】句意：——打攪一下，你可以告訴我在哪里可以寄信嗎?

——當(dāng)然，向左轉(zhuǎn)。在第五路上有一個(gè)郵局?？疾閏ould的用法和情景交際。could可以；will將要，會(huì)；Sure當(dāng)然；Sorry抱歉；Soundsgreat聽起來很棒；Goodidea好主意。根據(jù)“...youpleasetellmewhereIcanpostaletter”可知，此處是問路，表示委婉語氣用could。根據(jù)“Turnleft.ThereisapostofficeonFifthRoad.”可知，回答者愿意幫忙，因此“sure(當(dāng)然)”符合語境。故選A。15．—David,_________youpleasesweepthefloorandtakeouttherubbish?—OK,Iamcoming.A．could B．should C．do D．will【答案】A【詳解】句意：——大衛(wèi)，你能掃掃地，倒倒垃圾嗎？——好的，我來了?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。could能；should應(yīng)該；do做；will將。根據(jù)“youpleasesweepthefloorandtakeouttherubbish”可知，這是一個(gè)表示請(qǐng)求允許的句子，用固定句式“couldyoupleasedosth”。故選A。16．Theboy________rideahorsewhenhewaseightyearsold.A．must B．could C．would D．may【答案】B【詳解】句意：這個(gè)男孩八歲時(shí)就能騎馬?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。must必須；could能夠；would將會(huì)；may可以。根據(jù)“whenhewaseightyearsold”可知八歲時(shí)能夠騎馬，用一般過去時(shí)，此處用could。故選B。17．—________youpleasehelpmelookformyEnglishbook?Ican’tfinditanywhere.—Withpleasure.A．Should B．MustC．Might D．Could【答案】D【詳解】句意：——你能幫我找一下我的英語書嗎？我到處都找不到?！敢庑?。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Should應(yīng)該；Must必須；Might可能；Could能，可以。根據(jù)“youpleasehelpmelookformyEnglishbook?”可知，此處表示請(qǐng)求，句型是Couldyouplease...。故選D。18．—________peopletalkwithfriendsbyQQtwentyyearsago?—No,buttodaymostofus________dothat.A．Can;could B．Could;can C．Could;could D．Could;can’t【答案】B【詳解】句意：——二十年前人們可以通過QQ和朋友聊天嗎？——不能，但今天我們大多數(shù)人都能做到?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。can能；could能，can的過去式；can’t不能。根據(jù)第一個(gè)空空后的“twentyyearsago”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過去式形式；根據(jù)第二個(gè)空空前的“today”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；根據(jù)空前的“but”可知，此處句意發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，表示但今天我們大多數(shù)人都能做到。故選B。19．—Excuseme._______Isithere?—You’dbetternot.It’stheman’sseat.A．Must B．Need C．Could D．Should【答案】C【詳解】句意：——打擾一下。我可以坐在這嗎？——你最好不要。這是那個(gè)男人的座位?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。must必須；need需要；could可以；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“Isithere”可知，這是表示請(qǐng)求允許的一句話，此空應(yīng)填could，故選C。20．—Itakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?—I’msorryyou.A．Could;couldn’t B．Must;couldn’t C．Will;can’t D．May;can’t【答案】D【詳解】句意“-我可以將雜志帶出閱覽室嗎？-抱歉，你不能”。當(dāng)could用于疑問句中表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)，回答應(yīng)用can，排除A；must一定，用于疑問句中，不表示請(qǐng)求，回答應(yīng)用yes,youmust或No，youneedn’t/No,youdon’thaveto；will表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)，通常用第二人稱作主語，排除C；may表示請(qǐng)求，許可，譯為“能，可以”，否定回答可以用can’t。故選D。提升訓(xùn)練1．（2024·西藏·中考真題）You________eattoomuchfoodbeforeyougotobed,orit’sbadforyou.A．can B．could C．shouldn’t D．would【答案】C【詳解】句意：你不應(yīng)該在睡覺前吃太多的食物，否則對(duì)你的身體不好?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。can可以；could可以；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；would將會(huì)。根據(jù)“orit’sbadforyou”可知，此處建議睡覺前不要吃太多的食物，故選C。2．（2024·江蘇無錫·中考真題）Shh…!Thisisalibrary.You________keepyourvoicedown.A．can B．can’t C．should D．shouldn’t【答案】C【詳解】句意：噓……！這里是圖書館。你應(yīng)該小點(diǎn)聲?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析和should表示建議。can能；can’t不能；should應(yīng)該；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“Thisisalibrary.You...keepyourvoicedown.”可知，此處是建議小點(diǎn)聲，故選C。3．（2023·江蘇連云港·中考真題）Earthquakescanbeverydangerous.We________learntoprotectourselves.A．might B．should C．could D．would【答案】B【詳解】句意：地震可能非常危險(xiǎn)。我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)保護(hù)自己。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。might可能；should應(yīng)該；could能；would將。根據(jù)“We...learntoprotectourselves.”可知此處是表示建議，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)保護(hù)自己，故選B。4．（2023·湖北武漢·中考真題）—Excuseme,butwe________waitinlinetogetonthesubway.—I’msorry.A．might B．would C．could D．should【答案】D【詳解】句意：——對(duì)不起，我們應(yīng)該排隊(duì)上地鐵。——我很抱歉。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。might可以；would將；could可以；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“butwe…waitinlinetogetonthesubway”可知，應(yīng)該排隊(duì)上地鐵，故選D。5．（2023·湖北黃石·中考真題）YoungChinesepeople________keepthemotherlandatheart,aimhigh,andhavetheirfeetfirmlyontheground.A．should B．can C．may D．need【答案】A【詳解】句意：中國(guó)青年要胸懷祖國(guó)，志存高遠(yuǎn)，腳踏實(shí)地?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。should應(yīng)該；can能夠；may可以；need需要。根據(jù)“YoungChinesepeoplekeepthemotherlandatheart...”可知，此處是建議中國(guó)青年應(yīng)該做什么，故選A。6．（23-24八年級(jí)下·山東濱州·期中）—Ihaveabadcold.—You________liedownandhaveagoodrest.A．should B．may C．will D．can【答案】A【詳解】句意：——我得了重感冒?！銘?yīng)該躺下好好休息?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。should應(yīng)該；may可能；will將；can能。根據(jù)“l(fā)iedownandhaveagoodrest”可知是應(yīng)該躺下來好好休息。故選A。7．（23-24八年級(jí)下·江西南昌·期中）—Mom,Ididn’tsleepwelllastnightandI’msotirednow.—Oh,mypoorbaby,you________stayuplatetoplaywithyournewmobilephone.A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t【答案】C【詳解】句意：——媽媽，我昨晚沒睡好，現(xiàn)在好累?！?，我可憐的寶貝，你不應(yīng)該熬夜玩你的新手機(jī)?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。wouldn’t將不會(huì)；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；can’t不可能。根據(jù)“you…stayuplatetoplaywithyournewmobilephone.”可知，此處表示不應(yīng)該熬夜玩新手機(jī)。故選C。8．（23-24八年級(jí)下·安徽池州·期中）—Jamesatemuchandhehasastomachachenow.—Ithinkhe________liedownandhavearest.A．should B．may C．will D．might【答案】A【詳解】句意：——詹姆斯吃得太多了，現(xiàn)在胃疼?！艺J(rèn)為他應(yīng)該躺下來休息一下。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。should應(yīng)該；may可能；will將會(huì)；might可能。根據(jù)“Jamesatemuchandhehasastomachachenow.”以及“Ithinkhe…liedownandhavearest.”可知，此處表示的是自己的建議，因此此處指的是“應(yīng)該躺下來休息一下”，用should。故選A。9．（23-24八年級(jí)下·山東濱州·期中）People________talkonamobilephonewhiletheyaredriving.A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．don’thaveto D．can【答案】A【詳解】句意：人們開車時(shí)不應(yīng)該打電話?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；needn’t不必；don’thaveto不必；can能。根據(jù)“talkonamobilephonewhiletheyaredriving.”可知開車時(shí)不應(yīng)該打電話。故選A。10．（23-24八年級(jí)下·云南普洱·期末）—________youpleasenotthrowrubbisheverywhere?—Sorry,I’llpickitup.A．Could B．Need C．Should D．Must【答案】A【詳解】句意：——請(qǐng)你不要到處扔垃圾好嗎？——對(duì)不起，我會(huì)把它撿起來的?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。Could能，可以；Need需要；Should應(yīng)該；Must必須?！癈ouldyoupleasenotdosth.?”，是固定句型，意為“請(qǐng)你不要做某事好嗎？”一種用于委婉地表達(dá)請(qǐng)求的問句。故選A。11．（23-24八年級(jí)下·安徽阜陽·期末）—Couldyoupleasehelpmemakemybed?—I’mafraidI________.You________

doitonyourown.A．could;may B．couldn’t;should C．can’t;should D．can’t;may【答案】C【詳解】句意：——你能幫我整理床鋪嗎？——恐怕我不能。你應(yīng)該自己做?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。could能，用于一般過去時(shí)；couldn’t不能，用于一般過去時(shí)；can’t不能；may也許；should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)“Couldyoupleasehelpmemakemybed?”可知，這是一個(gè)委婉的請(qǐng)求，否定回答用can’t，排除A和B；根據(jù)“You…doitonyourown.”可知，此處表示“應(yīng)該自己做”，用should。故選C。12．（23-24八年級(jí)下·甘肅張掖·期末）—Lily,________yougivemeahand?Ican’tcarrytheheavyboxbymyself.—Sure,letmehelpyou.A．could B．must C．should D．need【答案】A【詳解】句意：——莉莉，你能幫我一下嗎？我一個(gè)人搬不動(dòng)這個(gè)重箱子。——當(dāng)然，讓我來幫你?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。could表示請(qǐng)求；must表示必須；should表示應(yīng)該；need表示需要。根據(jù)“yougivemeahand”及“Sure,letmehelpyou”可知，此處是表示請(qǐng)求的一句話，應(yīng)用could，故選A。13．（23-24八年級(jí)下·江西撫州·期末）—________Iuseyourdictionary,Lisa?—Waitaminute,please.I’musingitnow.A．Must B．Need C．Should D．Could【答案】D【詳解】句意：——麗莎，我能用一下你的字典嗎？——請(qǐng)稍等。我現(xiàn)在正在用它。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。Must必須；Need需要；Should應(yīng)該；Could能夠。根據(jù)“Iuseyourdictionary,Lisa?”可知，此處是請(qǐng)求使用字典，用Could表示委婉請(qǐng)求。故選D。14．（23-24八年級(jí)下·甘肅武威·期末）—________youhelpmecarrytheheavybox?—Withpleasure.A．Must B．Should C．Could D．Need【答案】C【詳解】句意：——你能幫我搬這個(gè)重箱子嗎？——很樂意?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。Must必須；Should應(yīng)該；Could能夠，可以；Need需要。根據(jù)答語“Withpleasure.”（很樂意）可知，問句是在請(qǐng)求對(duì)方幫忙，詢問對(duì)方是否能夠幫忙搬箱子，“Could”用于請(qǐng)求或詢問是否有能力做某事，語氣比較委婉，符合這個(gè)語境的要求。故選C。15．（23-24八年級(jí)下·遼寧丹東·期末）—CouldIgooutfordinnerwithmyfriends,mum?—________Youhavesomuchhomeworktodo.A．Yes,sure. B．Sorry,youcan’t. C．Whynot? D．No,youcouldn’t.【答案】B【詳解】句意：——媽媽，我可以和朋友出去吃晚飯嗎？——對(duì)不起，我不能。你有這么多作業(yè)要做?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Yes,sure是的，當(dāng)然；Sorry,youcan’t對(duì)不起，你不能；Whynot?為什么不；No,youcouldn’t不，你不能。根據(jù)“Youhavesomuchhomeworktodo可知，需要做作業(yè)，所以不能去。此處疑問句中could表請(qǐng)求允許，因此回答用can。故選B。16．（23-24八年級(jí)下·陜西商洛·期末）MybrotherStevenisasmartboy.He________readwhenhewasfive.A．must B．should C．could D．might【答案】C【詳解】句意：我的弟弟Steven是一個(gè)聰明的男孩。他五歲的時(shí)候就能閱讀了?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。must必須；should應(yīng)該；could能夠；might也許?！皉ead”是一種能力，所以選“能夠”。故選C。17．（23-24八年級(jí)下·吉林長(zhǎng)春·期末）—Mom,couldIgooutwithmyfriendonSunday?—________A．No,youdon’t. B．Yes,youcould. C．Yes,youcan. D．No,youcouldn’t.【答案】C【詳解】句意：——媽媽，周日我可以和我的朋友出去嗎？——是的，你可以?？疾橐话阋蓡柧洹ould構(gòu)成的一般疑問句，回答時(shí)不再擁有委婉禮貌的語氣，不再用could，而應(yīng)該用can。故選C。18．（23-24八年級(jí)下·山東菏澤·期中）—Mum,________Igoshoppingwithyou?—Yes,you________.Butyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A．could;can B．could;could C．must;can D．must;could【答案】A【詳解】句意：——媽媽，我可以和你一起去購(gòu)物嗎？——是的，你可以。但是你必須先完成你的家庭作業(yè)?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。could可以，表示委婉語氣；can可以；must必須。根據(jù)“Igoshoppingwithyou”可知此處是請(qǐng)求許可，排除CD；could表示委婉語氣時(shí)，回答用can。故選A。19．（23-24八年級(jí)下·甘肅慶陽·期末）—What________Idowhenmyparentsdon’tagreewithme?—You________talkwiththemandletthemknowyourthoughts.A．should;can B．could;shouldn’t C．can;can’t D．needn’t;should【答案】A【詳解】句意：——當(dāng)我父母不同意我的意見時(shí)，我該怎么辦？——你可以和他們談?wù)?，讓他們知道你的想法。考查?dòng)詞辨析。should應(yīng)該；could能（語氣委婉）；can可以；needn’t不必。根據(jù)“What...Idowhenmyparentsdon’tagreewithme?”可知，此處是在詢問對(duì)方的建議，應(yīng)填should；第二空是給予對(duì)方建議，表示“可以”，應(yīng)填can。故選A。20．（23-24八年級(jí)下·云南昭通·期末）—IheardJackgotafinebecausehedrovesofastyesterday.—Yes.He________obeythetrafficrulesallthetime.A．should B．can C．may D．shall【答案】A【詳解】意：——我聽說杰克昨天開得太快了，所以被罰款。——是的。他應(yīng)該一直遵守交通規(guī)則?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。should應(yīng)該；can能；may可能；shall將要。根據(jù)“obeythetrafficrulesallthetime”可知，此處應(yīng)是說“應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則”，故選A。反身代詞1.含義及構(gòu)成表示反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞叫做反身代詞。它們由第一人稱、第二人稱的形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱的賓格形式,在詞尾加-self或-selves構(gòu)成。反身代詞常譯為“………本人，……自己”。類別第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己復(fù)數(shù)ourselves我們自己yourselves你們自己themselves他們/她們/它們自己2.用法反身代詞與它所指的名詞或代詞形成互指關(guān)系,在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。(1)作賓語反身代詞常在teach,enjoy,help,hurt,lookafter等后作賓語。Theboyisoldenoughtolookafterhimself.這個(gè)男孩足夠大，可以照顧自己了。(2)作同位語反身代詞常用作主語或賓語的同位語,用來加強(qiáng)語氣。MissGreenherselfisanurse.格林小姐本人就是一位護(hù)士。YoushouldgoandaskTomhimself.你應(yīng)該去問一下湯姆本人。(3)作表語反身代詞可放在be,feel,seem,look等連系動(dòng)詞后作表語,用來描述身體或精神等方面的感覺或狀態(tài)。Justbeyourself.做你自己就好了。3.含有反身代詞的常用短語enjoyoneself玩得高興hurt/cutoneself傷/割著自己byoneself獨(dú)自,單獨(dú)believeinoneself相信自己helponeselfto...隨便吃/喝……teachoneself.../learn...byoneself自學(xué)…loseoneselfin迷戀,沉醉于基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練1．—Yoursister’sEnglishisverygood.Whotaughther?—Nobody.Shelearneditby________?.A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself【答案】C【詳解】句意：——你姐姐的英語很好。誰教她的？——沒人。她自學(xué)的?？疾榉瓷泶~。myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根據(jù)“Nobody.”可知，沒有人教她，是她自學(xué)的，主語為She，所以此處應(yīng)用herself。故選C。2．—Wheredidyougetthisskylantern?—Imadeitby________.A．herself B．itself C．myself D．yourself【答案】C【詳解】句意：——你從哪里弄到這個(gè)天燈的？——我自己做的?？疾榇~辨析。herself她自己；itself它自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己。根據(jù)“Imadeitby”可知，主語是I，反身代詞用myself，故選C。3．Thesummercampwasreallywonderful,andLisaenjoyed________.A．yourself B．himselfC．myself D．herself【答案】D【詳解】句意：這個(gè)夏令營(yíng)真地很好，并且Lisa玩得很愉快。考查反身代詞作賓語。yourself你自己；himself他自己；myself我自己；herself她自己。根據(jù)“Thesummercampwasreallywonderful”可推知，Lisa應(yīng)該玩得很愉快，enjoyoneself“玩得愉快”；反身代詞作賓語時(shí)，應(yīng)該與主語保持人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)一致，所以Lisa應(yīng)用herself。故選D。4．DoingTaichi(太極)canhelppeopleimprove_________inhealth.A．myself B．itself C．ourselves D．themselves【答案】D【詳解】句意：打太極拳可以幫助人們提高身體素質(zhì)?？疾榇~辨析。myself我自