高考數(shù)學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)第二章函數(shù)導(dǎo)數(shù)及其應(yīng)用2.8函數(shù)與方程理

第二章函數(shù)、導(dǎo)數(shù)及其應(yīng)用

1/48第八節(jié)函數(shù)與方程微知識(shí)小題練微考點(diǎn)大課堂微考場(chǎng)新提升微專題巧突破2/48考綱要求真題舉例命題角度1.結(jié)合二次函數(shù)圖象，了解函數(shù)零點(diǎn)與方程根聯(lián)絡(luò)，判斷一元二次方程根存在性及根個(gè)數(shù)；2.依據(jù)詳細(xì)函數(shù)圖象，能夠用二分法求對(duì)應(yīng)方程近似解。，全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，21,12分(導(dǎo)數(shù)與函數(shù)零點(diǎn))，天津卷，8,5分(函數(shù)單調(diào)性與函數(shù)零點(diǎn))，全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，11,5分(函數(shù)零點(diǎn)，參數(shù)取值范圍)1.函數(shù)零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)、存在區(qū)間及方程解確實(shí)定與應(yīng)用是高考內(nèi)容之一；2.常與函數(shù)圖象與性質(zhì)交匯命題，主要考查函數(shù)與方程、轉(zhuǎn)化與化歸、數(shù)形結(jié)合思想。3/48微知識(shí)小題練

教材回扣基礎(chǔ)自測(cè)4/48自|主|排|查1．函數(shù)零點(diǎn)(1)函數(shù)零點(diǎn)定義對(duì)于函數(shù)y＝f(x)(x∈D)，把使_______實(shí)數(shù)x叫做函數(shù)y＝f(x)(x∈D)零點(diǎn)。(2)幾個(gè)等價(jià)關(guān)系方程f(x)＝0有實(shí)數(shù)根?函數(shù)y＝f(x)圖象與_____有交點(diǎn)?函數(shù)y＝f(x)有______。(3)函數(shù)零點(diǎn)判定(零點(diǎn)存在性定理)假如函數(shù)y＝f(x)在區(qū)間[a，b]上圖象是連續(xù)不停一條曲線，而且有____________，那么，函數(shù)y＝f(x)在區(qū)間_______內(nèi)有零點(diǎn)，即存在c∈(a，b)，使得________，這個(gè)___也就是方程f(x)＝0根。f(x)＝0x軸零點(diǎn)f(a)·f(b)<0(a，b)f(c)＝0c5/482．二分法對(duì)于在區(qū)間[a，b]上連續(xù)不停且______________函數(shù)y＝f(x)，經(jīng)過不停地把函數(shù)f(x)零點(diǎn)所在區(qū)間__________，使區(qū)間兩個(gè)端點(diǎn)逐步迫近_______，進(jìn)而得到零點(diǎn)近似值方法叫做二分法。f(a)·f(b)<0一分為二零點(diǎn)6/483．二次函數(shù)y＝ax2＋bx＋c(a>0)圖象與零點(diǎn)關(guān)系

Δ>0Δ＝0Δ<0二次函數(shù)y＝ax2＋bx＋c(a>0)圖象與x軸交點(diǎn)___________________無交點(diǎn)零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)____________(x1,0)，(x2,0)(x1,0)2107/488/489/4810/4811/4812/4813/4814/4815/4816/4817/4818/48微考點(diǎn)大課堂

考點(diǎn)例析對(duì)點(diǎn)微練19/48考點(diǎn)一判斷函數(shù)零點(diǎn)所在區(qū)間20/4821/4822/4823/48考點(diǎn)二函數(shù)零點(diǎn)個(gè)數(shù)判斷…………多維探究24/4825/4826/4827/4828/4829/48考點(diǎn)三函數(shù)零點(diǎn)應(yīng)用…………多維探究30/4831/4832/4833/4834/4835/48微考場(chǎng)新提升考題選萃隨堂自測(cè)36/4837/4838/4839/4840/4841/4