限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別.ppt

1、The Differences between the Restrictive and Non-restrictive Attributive Clause,定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別,區(qū)別一：形式上不同 限定性定語(yǔ)從句主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)也不停頓；而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間通常有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)有停頓。,區(qū)別二：功能不同（最重要的區(qū)別） 限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)先行詞的意義進(jìn)行限制和識(shí)別，如果去掉，就會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不清； 而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。 People who take physical exer

2、cise live longer. 進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人活得長(zhǎng)些。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓，下星期回來(lái)。(若把從句去句子意義仍然完整),Discuss the difference,His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man. His brother who is eighteen years old is a PLA man. 區(qū)別：A句：他的哥哥是個(gè)解放軍戰(zhàn)士，現(xiàn)今十八歲。(說(shuō)明他只有

3、一個(gè)哥哥) B句：他那個(gè)十八歲的哥哥是位解放軍。(說(shuō)明他還有別的哥哥),All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him. 那里所有的書(shū)都是他寫(xiě)的, 書(shū)里附有漂亮的插圖。(說(shuō)明那里沒(méi)有除他以外的人寫(xiě)的書(shū)) All the books there which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him. 那里所有附插圖的書(shū)都是他寫(xiě)的。(暗示沒(méi)有附插圖的書(shū)不是他寫(xiě)的),區(qū)別三：翻譯不同 在翻譯定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，一般把限定性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯在

4、它所修飾的先行詞之前，而把非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句分開(kāi)。如： He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車(chē)被竊的那個(gè)人。 Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀請(qǐng)了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。,區(qū)別四：先行詞不同 限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞， 而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語(yǔ)或句子；如： I know nothing that happened last night. 昨天晚上所發(fā)生的事情，我一點(diǎn)也不知道。(修飾前面的nothing) He has made great p

5、rogress, which made us happy. 他進(jìn)步了，這使我們大家都很高興。(說(shuō)明前面句子的整個(gè)內(nèi)容),另外，當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨(dú)一無(wú)二性的普通名詞時(shí)，通常要用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而不用限制性定語(yǔ)從句。,區(qū)別五：關(guān)系詞不同 關(guān)系詞that和why可用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，通常不用于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；另外，在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略(如引導(dǎo)詞作賓語(yǔ)，the way做先行詞)，而在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞一律不省略。,Practice A,請(qǐng)區(qū)分出下列句子哪些是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，那些是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句： The teacher told me that Tom wa

6、s the only person that I could depend on. His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. China is a country which has a long history. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.,Exercises A,1、All_ is useful to us is good.,A、which B、what C、that D、whether,C,解析： 定語(yǔ)從句

7、中的先 行詞為all, none等詞時(shí)， 關(guān)系代詞必須用that,而 不是which. 故選C。,2、Is this factory _ we visited last week.,A、where B、that C、which D、the one,D,解析： this factory容易被學(xué)生錯(cuò) 誤地混為先行詞，其實(shí)這是This factory是句子的主語(yǔ)而不是先行 詞。所以選擇D.The one 中的one 指代的是factory,作定語(yǔ)從句的 先行詞。,3、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.,A、when B、what

8、C、which D、why,C,解析：the day是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，she spent in Beijing中的動(dòng)詞spent是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語(yǔ)，the day 作動(dòng)詞spent的賓語(yǔ)。因此選C.,4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.,A、that B、when C、which D、where,D,解析：題中的the school是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞。in +which= where , 因此選D. 試比較： This school is _ my father worked 20 years ago. where B

9、. the one where C. that D. the one which,B,5、This is the factory_we visited last year.,A、that B、 in which C、what D、the one,A,解析：the factory是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞, 用作賓語(yǔ)；從句we visited last year中visit是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語(yǔ)，因此選A.,6、The text is one of the most interesting stories_learnt in the past three days.,A、that have B、that

10、 have been C、which has D、which has been,B,解析：stories是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞, 同時(shí)stories被最高級(jí)所修飾，因此選B.,1、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.,A、who B、whose C、of whom D、which,B,Exercises B,2、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.,A、where B、that C、of whom D、which,A,3、The man _ you

11、are talking is in the next room.,A、to whom B、about whom C、about who D、whom,B,4、I dont like the way _ he spoke to me.,A、by that B、what C、by which D、/,D,4、I，_ you good friend, will try my best to help you out.,A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am,D,5、This is the only thing _ I can do now.,A、what B、wh

12、ich C、that D、all,C,6、Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.,A、who B、who want C、what wants D、want,B,7、His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.,A、that B、with which C、which D、without which,D,8、They have decided to finish their work, _, I think is a wise choice.,A、that B、w

13、hat C、which D、whether,C,9、This is the reason _ he told me.,A、that B、why C、on which D、for that,A,10、This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.,A、that; it B、which; whom C、that; which D、which; that,C,1.(限) Here are the farmers who discovere

14、d the underground city last month. 2.(非) Hangzhou is a famous city, where many people come to buy tea./ Hangzhou,where many people come to buy tea, is a famous city. 3.(限) I dont know the reason why she got angry. 4.(限) The old man to whom you are talking saw some Germans 5.(限) The woman remembered the day when she saw,6.(非) St.Petersburg is a very beautiful city, which was once called Leninggrad. 7.(限) I remember the soldier who told me 8.(非) The so