中考英語《短文填空技巧解析》

1、.,英語填空技巧解析,填空,解題技巧,一、 填空的特點是什么？,完形填空是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯知識綜合 運用能力的典型題，難易程度與初中教材相當，詞數(shù) 在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25個詞左右設(shè)空。 學(xué)生通過推理判斷，綜合分析等將答案填入空白處， 使短文前后連貫、意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。,1. 跳過空格，通讀短文，了解大意。 2. 復(fù)讀短文，確定語義，判斷詞形。 A.) 利用上下文的語境，結(jié)合所學(xué)過的知識，先確定空格處所需詞語的意義. B.)再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置，判斷其在句中充當?shù)某煞?，從而確定所填詞的詞性，再依據(jù)詞語搭配和語法規(guī)則，判斷所填的詞的正確形式。 3.通讀短文，檢查

2、答案。,英語短文填空解題技巧：,二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？,（一）從文章結(jié)構(gòu)看,首句通常不設(shè)空，以便考生對短文前提 和背景有個較清楚的了解，從而使考生盡快熟悉語境、 推測文章大意。 2. 短文設(shè)空平均密度為25個單詞一個空。,中考完形填空拋棄了傳統(tǒng)的“語法知識型”命 題模式，轉(zhuǎn)變成“情境能力型”的命題趨勢。 它的一個顯著特點就是突出語篇，即重在文意的干擾， 把具體的語言知識融進具體的語言情境中去，考查學(xué)生 通過上下文對整體文意進行把握的能力。,二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？,（二）從語言層次看 考點設(shè)計對把握語段的要求在提高。我們可以 把考點分為三個層次，即句子層次、句群層次和語篇層次,句子層次的

3、設(shè)空,例： (2007年中考英語試卷 完形填空四選一 保留原題號) I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success. A. remember B. explainC. hope D. expect,答案：A,指那些只需讀懂設(shè)空所在句便可選出答案的題目。,二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？,2. 句群層次的設(shè)空,前制性設(shè)空,后制性設(shè)空,指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過推理判斷可以得到答案的題目,即根據(jù)上文有關(guān)內(nèi)容即可確定答案的題目。,指那些需要根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容才

4、能選出正確答案 的題目/下文某處有提示。,二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？,前制性設(shè)空 例： It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!,后制性設(shè)空 例： 1). Nobody _ him in the village. One day he said to them, “I know you dont l

5、ike me ” 2). Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.,speak,liked,two,二、填空的設(shè)空規(guī)律有哪些？,3. 語篇性設(shè)空 I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poo

6、r in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 1 him achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句話) ( ) 1. A. comfort B. please C. attract D. educate,D,指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定 正確答案的設(shè)空。,.,考查方向: 正確理解和書寫英語單詞 命題形式: 短文中10個空需要填上適當?shù)膯卧~.(wu首字

7、母或中文提示) 所占比例: 10空 15 分 特別提醒： 所有的單詞都必須根據(jù)上下文來確定。必須注意詞形的變化，包括名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、動詞的時態(tài)、形容詞和副詞的比較級（最高級）等。,中考英語新題型短文填空,.,詞形的變換,冠詞：a/an/the 基數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞：1,2,3（基）; 第X(序) 名詞：單復(fù)數(shù)形式, 所有格的用法 動詞：時態(tài) 語態(tài)（主被動）的變化 形容詞、副詞：比較等級的用法 代詞：單復(fù)數(shù) 人稱代詞 反身代詞 指示代 詞 關(guān)系代詞 不定代詞 等的用法 連詞：并列與從屬連詞的用法 ,.,詞形的變換,名詞：單復(fù)數(shù)形式, 所有格的用法 GZ is one of the most beauti

8、ful _. (城市) I met a friend of _（她的）. All the _(綿羊) like to eat grass.,cities,hers,sheep,.,詞形的變換,動詞：時態(tài) 語態(tài)（主被動）的變化 Everyone in our class _(喜歡) watching cartoons. Ill spend as much time as I can _(讀) these stories. Yesterday we _(prevent) from getting to school by the heavy rain.,likes,reading,were pre

9、vented,語態(tài) 主動：v/be/情態(tài)動詞 被動：be + p.p.,.,詞形的變換,形容詞 副詞：比較等級的用法 He can _(容易) swim across the river. Because of this, your name is _loved by your parents than you.,easily,more,.,詞形的變換,代詞：單復(fù)數(shù) 人稱代詞 反身代詞 指示代 詞 關(guān)系代詞 不定代詞 等的用法 You can throw _, kick it or hit it. Taking too many selfies(自拍) seems to encourage(鼓

10、勵) people to only think of _. They are very good friends and they almost do _ together.,it,themselves,everything,.,自己,.,指示代 詞 it 它/這/不譯 this(這個), these(這些)指在時間或空間上 較近的人或者事物 that(那個), those(那些)指在時間或空間上較遠的人或者事物,.,.,不定代 詞,.,連詞,.,.,1 September 10th is T_Day.,2. The f _ day of the week is Sunday.,3. A go

11、od b _ makes a good ending.,4.When you laugh ,you will o_ your mouth and your teeth.,irst,pen,eginning,5. Last Sunday，we played h_ in the park, though we were very tired.,eachers,appily,6.He was very a with the man upstairs and began to shout，“Stop singing！”,ngry,.,10.In autumn after a strong wind,

12、the ground is often covered with fallen l_,eaves,7.This book belongs to Mary. It is h_.,9.For years,we played other peoples songs, b_ now we play mostly our own songs.,ers,ut,8 .Mrs Green said to the twins,“Help y_ to some fish please. ”,ourselves,.,1. September 10th is Teachers Day.,2.In autumn aft

13、er a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves.,首先考慮名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，然后注意名詞所有格。,3.We could not run faster than cheetahs , so we _ (發(fā)明)cars and now we can move the fastest,考慮動詞的時態(tài)。語態(tài)變化。,4.When you laugh ,you will o_ your mouth and your teeth.,invented,pen,appily,6.Summer is the hottest seaso

14、n of the year.,注意形容詞、副詞的比較等級的變化。,5. Last Sunday，we played h_ in the park, though we were very tired.,.,8. Mrs Green said to the twins .“Help yourselves to some fish please. ”,此處考代詞用法。,7. Help yourself to some fish，Jim.,9.This book belongs to Mary. It is hers.,10.For years, we played other peoples so

15、ngs, but now we play mostly our own songs.,11. She didnt go to school yesterday ，because she was ill.,此處考連詞,.,Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins _（仔細） which covered the mum. Under her body _(躺)her baby. The baby was in a small red quilt with yellow flowers. He was about 3 or 4 mold.

16、 B the baby was well (保護)by his mothers body, he was very safe. He was sleeping well when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and pface warmed everyone around him. The rescuer found there was a mobile p_ in the quilt. When he looked at the screen, a message was already there. “My dear baby,

17、if you could l, dont forget how mI love you. ” Everyone w_ saw this message burst into tears.,rescuers (救援人員) ruins 廢墟,carefully,lay,onths,protected,ecause,eaceful,ive,uch,ho,hone,Fill in each blank with the right form,直擊中考,.,Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins _（仔細） which covered th

18、e mum. Under her body _(躺)her baby. The baby was in a small red quilt with yellow flowers. He was about 3 or 4 mold. B the baby was well (保護)by his mothers body, he was very safe. He was sleeping well when the rescuer carried him out, and his lovely and pface warmed everyone around him. The rescuer

19、found there was a mobile p_ in the quilt. When he looked at the screen, a message was already there. “My dear baby, if you could l, dont forget how mI love you. ” Everyone w_ saw this message burst into tears.,carefully,lay,onths,protected,ecause,eaceful,ive,uch,ho,hone,根據(jù)上下語境,判斷詞義:,He was sleeping

20、well,確定詞義后,判斷詞形,cleaned up,rescuers (救援人員) ruins 廢墟,.,The idea of Fathers Day came from an A_lady called Dodd in 1909. She wanted a _（特別的）day to honour her father. He (撫養(yǎng)) six children by h after his wife died during the birth of their s_ child. Dodd thought there needed to be a day to honour great

21、and loving dads. Her father was born on June 19. so she chose to hold the first Fathers Day celebration on his b in 1910. In 1924, US president liked the idea of a national Fathers Day. Finally, in 1966, the third Sunday in June was n _Fathers Day. There are many w to show your love and thanks.,meri

22、can,ixth,six,US president,raised,imself,irthday,special,amed,ays,Step1 The passage is about . Step2 The meaning of each blank Step3 The right form of each word Step4 Read the passage again to check the answers,Exercise,Honour 紀念,.,Dear friends , Im sorry to hear that an earthquake happened to your h

23、ometown. The earthquake _(毀壞)your hometown. Lots of h_fell down and some of you cant see your families any longer. Please dont feel s_. You should believe in the Party, the government and the people in the country. You should be full of wishes b_ the Party, the government and the people are with you

24、 all the time and they take care of you. They try their b_ to solve your troubles. They give away their money and many t_to you and they _(捐獻)blood for you. So you should take care of y_. In the future, you should do something u_for our country to _( 回報) for their loves. Yours, XXX,destroyed,ouses,a

25、d,ecause,est,ourselves,answer,donate,seful,hings,中考實戰(zhàn)演練（一）,.,All around the world, people drink tea. But tea does not _(意味著)(1) the same thing to e_(2). In different countries people have very different i_(3) about drinking tea. In China people always have tea _(一起）(4) with their friends. They may d

26、rink tea at any time of the day. They only put tea leaves in their cups. They l_(5) the tea with nothing _（其他的）(6) in it. Tea is also i_(7) in Japan. It is very p_(8) there. People drink tea every day. But they have it in a way different from that in China. In the USA people drink tea at breakfast o

27、r after m_(9). They usually use tea bags to make their tea. Making tea with bags is faster and e_(10) than making it with tea leaves in teapots.,mean,veryone,deas,together,ike,else,mportant,eals,opular,asier,中考實戰(zhàn)演練（二）,.,2.26-meter-tall Yao Ming made his NBA debut (初次登臺) on October 23, 2002 and got 6

28、 points for the Houston Rockets in the game. The next day, he got 13 points in a_ game.Most people think that Yao Ming is a born basketball player. But Yao said, “When you watch it on TV, it looks very easy. But when you are playing in the NBA, it is r_ not so easy.” He said that joining the Houston

29、 Rockets was a new _（開端） and a new challenge. “I hope that through very h_ work I can make everyone happy and help the Rockets w_ more games,” he said.Yao Ming speaks some English. B_ he and his teammates can u_ each other. They dont think there is a language problem. While Yao Ming faces this new c

30、hallenge, the people of Houston have shown great i_ in him， and they hope Yan Ming will bring new _ (活力) to the Rockets. The team has started having lessons to learn more about China, and many people who work for the Rockets have learned to speak some C_.,nother,eally,start,ard,in,oth,nderstand,nterest,energy,hinese,Homework,.,Thank you! Goodbye!,.,We sometimes call the lion “the king of the jungle ” because it is stronger and more dangerous than other animals. It can r_faster than many animals and it can hunt the best. It is t