研究生英語聽說課件Unit1

1、研究生英語系列教材,聽說教程（上） listening and speaking,listening and speaking,course introduction (12 topics in 12 units) course requirements - in class: attendence; finish the listening tasks; open the mouth and take an active part in the activities or discussions or performance (20%) - after class: finish the a

2、ssignments (10%) - evaluation: 100% = 60%final + 30%process + 10%oral test,about the attendence,call the roll (點名）to make sure you are not absent or cheating. 8-10 times by the teacher, 2points for one absence. no more than 3 times of absence, or you will be quit! no exam will be allowed!,about pres

3、entation its your place as the conversation starter to get them going. an open question requires an explanation for an answer rather than just a simple yes or no. open questions tend to begin with who, when, what, why, where, and how, whereas closed questions tend to start with do, have, and is/am/a

4、re.,examples,closed questions: do you like books?, have you been to university?, is spring your favorite season?, am i intruding?, and do you come here often? open questions: “what sort of books do you like?”, “what did you study at university?”, “which is your favorite season? why?”, “what are you

5、doing right now?”, and “wheres your usual watering hole（酒吧）?,how to start a conversation,step-4: know how to combine general remarks with open-ended questions. since either one of these might be awkward or out-of-place on its own, combine them for maximum effect.,thats a great hairdo youve got there

6、! where dya get it done?,for examples,thats a nice handbag, where did you get it? this lets the handbag owner talk about the day that they went shopping and all this funny stuff happened, as opposed to: i like your handbag! thank you. (the end.) “what an amazing buffet（自助餐）! which is your favorite d

7、ish? asking an opinion is especially useful, as it can be followed up with the classic open-ended question: “why?” “fantastic turnout（投票率）! which of the lecturers is your favorite? “i love your costume（裝束）. which are your favorite sci-fi movies（科幻電影）? “ thats a great hairdo youve got there! where dy

8、a get it done? ”,how to start a conversation,step-5: keep the conversation going with small talk. this keeps the conversation light and simple, which is especially useful for people who are still getting to know one another better. use small talk to establish rapport(relations) and similarities rath

9、er than set each other up for an opinionated (arbitrary固執(zhí)的、武斷的) argument.,examples,small talk encompasses（involve；contain包含） such topics as your blog or website, the purchase of a new car, house renovations（房子裝修）, your kids artwork prize, vacation plans, your newly planted garden, a good book youve

10、just read, etc. small talk is not politics, religion, nuclear disarmament or fusion （核裁軍或核聚變）, or criticizing anybody, especially not the host or the event youre both attending. although talking about the weather is a cliche kli:ei （陳腐的） , if theres something unusual about the weather, youve got a g

11、reat topic of conversation.,step-6: synchronize（coincide同步）. once your partner-in-conversation has started talking, follow his or her cue to keep the conversation going smoothly. use active listening to reflect what theyre saying and to summarize their possible feelings.,how to start a conversation,

12、examples,say the other persons name now and then. not only does it help you to remember them but its a warming sign of respect and mutual like. give encouraging feedback. you dont even have to say things a lot of the time; you can nod, say “ah-ha” or “wow or “oh” or “hmm, sigh, grunt convivially(hap

13、pily), and give short encouraging statements such as is that so? and goodness!, and what did you do/say then? and thats amazing!, etc. keep your body language open and receptive. nod in agreement, make occasional genuine（真誠的） eye contact without staring, and lean in toward the other person. place yo

14、ur hand on your heart now and then, and even touch them on the upper arm if youre a touchy(irritable), feely person. keep good thoughts going through your head. stay interested in the other person and focused on them. keep your curiosity piqued (pi:kt , anger) rather than withdrawing back into yours

15、elf. note each time a similarity or common goal pops up in the conversation to remind yourself of the worth of continuing to connect with this person. smile a lot and laugh when the other person makes a funny comment. dont force laughter, as this is cringe-inducing（諂媚）; smile and nod instead.,step-7

16、: use words of a sensory nature. these are words such as see, imagine, feel, tell, sense, etc., which encourage the other person to keep painting a descriptive picture as part of their conversation.,and how did that make you feel?,how to start a conversation,for examples,where do you see yourself in

17、 a years time? tell me about the time that the boss sold your car without realizing. whats your sense of the current stock market fluctuations(波動）? how do you feel about the new plans for renovating downtown? what do you imagine he was thinking when he asked for a pay rise higher than the bosss sala

18、ry?,step-8：be aware of your internal monologue（內(nèi)心獨白）. when you suddenly feel that youre not able to engage in conversation with another person, its likely that youre telling yourself a few negative things, such as worrying that youre boring, not good enough, too unimportant, intruding, wasting their

19、 time, etc. you might also be worrying about what the other person is thinking about you, causing yourself to feel tongue-tied. feeling self-conscious when carrying on conversation with others is not unusual but its also not productive. try to keep in mind that everyone has these self-doubts from ti

20、me to time but that its essential to overcome them in order to engage with fellow human beings. reassure yourself that the other person is not judging you. even if they are, think “so what?” and dont give them the upper hand（優(yōu)勢，上風） in your life.,how to start a conversation,step-9: respond thoughtful

21、ly to someone who remains awkward or uncomfortable in your presence. if your conversation partner appears withdrawn and uninterested in sharing information with you, dont persist too much. try a little more before making a decision to move on.,how to start a conversation,examples,keep your questions

22、 non-invasive; be sure youre not asking them questions theyd rather not discuss. for example, some people might be very uncomfortable discussing issues that they feel touch on them personally, such as weight, lack of having a degree or qualifications, lack of having a steady date, etc. try to be as

23、thoughtful as possible even though you dont really know them yet. dont ask too many questions if your conversation partner continues to appear unresponsive.,notice signs of not wanting to talk, such as grimacing, screwing up face, etc.,step-10: maintain the equilibrium（平靜）. as the person who started

24、 the conversation, the responsibility initially rests with you to maintain the momentum. so what happens when the other person starts practicing active listening and open questions back on you? you have several options:,i seem to remember you telling me youd done that before. how did you manage?,how

25、 to start a conversation,examples,relish it as their cue to let you start talking about yourself. just dont overdo it; remember to keep engaging them back with open questions and active listening at the end of your own recounting. deflect it if youd rather not be the center of conversation attention

26、. say something like: well, i like harry potter books, and i especially loved the last one. but you dont want to hear about me all night! what were your favorite moments in the harry potter series? answer questions with a question. for example, how did you manage to get away so early? could be respo

27、nded to with, well, how did you? often the other person will be so intent on filling you in on their side of the story that theyll forget they asked you the question first!,practice often,step-11: practice getting conversations started. you may feel a little clumsy at first, but with practice it can

28、 become easy to start good conversations. every time youre in a situation where youre called upon to converse with others, see it as part of your ongoing（持續(xù)的、前進的） practice, and note how youre improving each time that you try it.,practice often !,share your summer time,relaxing traveling 2012 olympic

29、 games london,about the parliament,the house of lords （上議院）makes laws, holds the government to account, investigates policy issues and provides a forum of independent expertise,the house of commons(下議院) is the democratically elected house of the uk parliament, responsible for making laws and checkin

30、g the work of government,about the parliament,committees ：a large part of the work of the house of commons and the house of lords takes place in committees, made up of mps（ members of parliament ）or lords.,the london eye,the london eye, which is 450 feet in height above the thames river, is the worl

31、ds biggest spinning structure. it is one hundred feet taller than big ben, and weighing 1,600 tons. it was built to celebrate the year 2000. it was said to be a temporarybuild-ing , but was approved to be used extra 50 years! possibly building such a big spinning structure suggested that people long

32、ed for bigger and better things in the future. in london eye, there are 32 capsules. each of the capsules can hold up to 25 people. and theyre air conditioned in summer, heated in the winter. from these capsules the visitors can see the most beautiful views of london.,pairwork,are you hooked to trav

33、el? what special thing are you hooked in doing?,unit 1,unit 1 are you hooked to it?,warm-up: speakingabout collecting,things people like to collect: coins game cards books lighters badges perfume bottles post cards stamps,background information,content,warm-up listening for content speaking for comm

34、unication assignments,warm-up: listening,listen to three speakers talking about their childhood hobbies and then answer the following questions orally. 1.what is luthers childhood hobby? what is the significance of his hobby? 2. what is saras childhood hobby? why does she like it? 3. what is william

35、s childhood hobby? what does it mean to him?,childhood hobbies,warm-up: speakingabout collecting,what do you like collecting? what did you collect in your childhood? what about now? ifyou could be rich, what would you collect? what is the most interesting or the strangest collection you have ever he

36、ard of? why do you think people like collecting things?,pair work,listening for content: a conversation,listen to a conversation about internet addition and then answer the following questions orally. 1.what is mainly talked about in this conversation? 2. can you describe a picture of a typical internet addict? 3. how can you know whether you are addicted to the internet or not?,internet addition,listening for content: english news,listen to the following news about shopping addition and then answer the following questions orally. 1.what