初中英語(yǔ)詞性講解幻燈片播放版.ppt

1、詞類又叫詞性，英語(yǔ)單詞根據(jù)其在句子中的功用，可以分成十個(gè)大類。,1 名詞 noun 2 代詞 pronoun 3 形容詞 adjective 4 副詞 adverb 5 動(dòng)詞 verb 6 數(shù)詞 numeral 7 冠詞 article 8 介詞 preposition 9 連詞 conjunction 10 感嘆詞 interjection,student You happy quickly cut three a at and oh,實(shí)詞,虛詞,名詞NOUN,概念： 是表示人，事物，抽象概念等名稱的詞。 根據(jù)詞匯意義，名詞可劃分為： 專有名詞和普通名詞,專有名詞： 指表示人、地方、 機(jī)構(gòu)、

2、組織等的專有名稱。專有名詞中實(shí)詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫。 具體說(shuō)來(lái)它包括人名、國(guó)家、地名、月份、星期、節(jié)日、書名、電影名以及某些抽象名詞等。 Tony 托尼 Japan 日本 Mr. Black 布萊克先生 August 八月 Monday 星期一 the Great Wall 長(zhǎng)城 Christmas 圣誕節(jié) English 英語(yǔ) A Tale of Two Cities 雙城記,普通名詞： 表示一類人、東西、抽象概念的名詞。例如：,表一類人：pupil, police, woman, boy，father;,表物：box, tree, orange, water, computer；,表抽象：

3、happiness, trouble, pleasure, love, life, etc.,普通名詞又分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。 (1) 個(gè)體名詞。如：cup, desk, student等。一般可數(shù)，有單復(fù)數(shù)形式。 (2) 集體名詞。如：class, team, family等。一般可數(shù)，有單復(fù)數(shù)形式 (3) 物質(zhì)名詞。如：rice, water, cotton等。一般不可數(shù)，沒(méi)有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。 (4) 抽象名詞。如：love, work, life等。一般不可數(shù)，沒(méi)有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。,英語(yǔ)可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù),規(guī)則變化： 一般情況詞尾加s。如：map maps, boy boys, horse ho

4、rses, table tables. （在清輔音后讀/s/，在濁輔音和元音后讀/z/） s, x ,sh, ch結(jié)尾的詞加es.如： class classes, box boxes, dish dishes, match matches.讀/iz/,規(guī)則變化： 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i,再加es。 如：family families, city cities, baby babies. 以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，直接詞尾加s。 如：toy toys, holiday holidays 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞,變f或fe為v,再加es。 如：shelf shelves, wolf w

5、olves, life lives, knife knives, wife wives, leaf leaves, thief thieves.,例外：roof roofs,規(guī)則變化： 以輔音字母+o結(jié)尾的名詞, 詞尾加es； 如: tomato tomatoes potato potatoes hero heroes 以元音字母+o結(jié)尾的名詞，直接詞尾加s。 如: piano pianos photo photos radio radios zoo zoos,不規(guī)則變化： 有些名詞有不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： child-children mouse-mice man men woman wo

6、men 婦女 tooth teeth foot feet 有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。例如； deer, sheep, fish, Chinese, Japanese, people, yuan 但除人民幣的元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式，a dollar, two dollars,注意： 一些以man，woman結(jié)尾的合成詞，在構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，與man，woman的變化形式相同。 如：policeman policemen, Englishman Englishmen, Frenchman Frenchmen.,中日不變 英法變 其余s加后面,英語(yǔ)不可數(shù)名詞,不可數(shù)名詞一般沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形

7、式,說(shuō)明其數(shù)量時(shí),要用有關(guān)計(jì)量名詞。 如：a bag of rice two bags of rice, a piece of paper three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk five bottles of milk.,名詞的所有格,1.不以s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格：the boys bag, mens room 2.以-s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格：Teachers Day 3.職業(yè)名詞、稱呼名詞的所有格表地點(diǎn) the barbers, Mr Greens, the doctors（office），my uncles（house） 4.并列名詞不共有:Johns

8、and Marys rooms（兩間） 并列名詞共有:John and Marys room 5.時(shí)間、距離、地點(diǎn) five minutes walk；ten meters long； the worlds population,6.抽象名詞后用“of+賓格”作定語(yǔ)； the music of the film ；the help of him (Lucy) ； the development of China；the door of the house 7.多重所有格突出局部 a friend of Lucys mothers ； two classmates of my sisters 8

9、.“of+賓格”與“of+所有格”含意不同: the photo of my father 我爸爸的肖像 the photo of mine我（所有的）照片,數(shù)詞 Numeral,概念： 數(shù)詞就是表示事物的數(shù)量和順序的詞，分基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。 表示數(shù)目或數(shù)量多少的詞叫基數(shù)詞，如：one，ten, fifteen 等； 表示數(shù)目順序的詞叫序數(shù)詞，如：fifth, second, twelfth等。,一.基數(shù)詞 基數(shù)詞的用法： （1）幾十幾的基數(shù)詞的十位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間要用連字符“-”連接。如： eighty-five85 twenty-six26 （2）三位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞須在百位和十位（若無(wú)十位則和

10、個(gè)位）之間用and連接。如： threehundredandsixty-five365 twohundredandsix206,（3）基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 表示具體數(shù)目,hundred, thousand, million不用復(fù)數(shù) 表示不確定數(shù)目,用復(fù)數(shù)。即hundreds of(數(shù)百), thousands of(數(shù)千), millions of(數(shù)百萬(wàn))+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù), 可以用many/several修飾，但不能與具體數(shù)目連用。 1) Our country has a population of 1,300 million people. 2) There are three thousan

11、d students in our school. 3) After the war, thousands of people became homeless. 4) Several / Many thousands of trees must be planted every year.,（4）“幾十”的復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示： 幾十多歲 - in + ones + 數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù) 年 代 - in + the +數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù) inthe1990s20世紀(jì)90年代 inonestwenties 在某人20多歲時(shí) eg. He died in his forties四十多歲 In the nineties,

12、most people go to work by bike. 90年代,（5）“基數(shù)詞+名詞” 的合成形容詞作定語(yǔ)， 中間有連字符“”,當(dāng)中的名詞用單數(shù)。 a 3 year old girl a seven-day holiday,（6）表計(jì)量- “基數(shù)詞+度量單位+形容詞” eg. The classroom is 7 meters long, 6 meters wide and 3 meters high.,序數(shù)詞的用法: (1)序數(shù)詞作定語(yǔ)，前面要加the； The first truck is carrying a food basket John lives on the fift

13、eenth floor She is my first English teacher. (2)有時(shí)加a/an，“再一”，“又一” 的意思 ; Well have to do it a second time Shall I ask him a third time？ When I sat down，a fourth man rose to speak They had a second child in 1988.,二. 序數(shù)詞,編號(hào)在前，名詞在后，用序數(shù)詞，前面有the 編號(hào)在后，名詞在前，用基數(shù)詞，注意首字母大寫 房間號(hào)碼和電話號(hào)碼要一個(gè)一個(gè)分別讀,第一課 第32頁(yè) 第305房間 第12

14、路公共汽車,the First Lesson Lesson One,the thirty-second page Page Thirty-two,Room 305,Bus No.12,1、編號(hào)表示法,2.分?jǐn)?shù)表示法,分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。 分子大于1時(shí)，分母加-s。,1/4 one-fourth a (one) quarter 3/4 three-fourths three quarters 2/3 two-thirds 1/2 a (one) half 半年 half a year 半小時(shí) half an hour 一年半 one and a half years one year a

15、nd a half 分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞時(shí)，后用of短語(yǔ)。如： 1/3 one third of teachers 3/7 three sevenths of the boys,3.年份、日期、時(shí)刻表達(dá)法,年用基數(shù)詞表示,兩位一讀,介詞用in 日用序數(shù)詞表示,介詞用on,1999 nineteen ninety-nine two thousand and eight 1949年10月1日 讀作: October (the) first, nineteen forty-nine (月-日，年) the first of October, nineteen forty-nine（日-月，年） 寫作: Oc

16、tober 1st,1999(日用縮寫，月-日-年) October 1, 1999 (日用數(shù)字) 1st October, 1999 日-月，年,How many people will come to Beijing next year? Its hard to say, _ people, I think. million of B. millions of C. three millions D. three millions of About _ students in our class can describe that place in English. A. three-fi

17、fths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths,B,A,Which of the following is wrong? _. A. He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B. He is at the age of 15. C. He is a boy of 15. D. He is fifteen year old. There was no bus in that small town. We had a _. A. ten miles walk B. ten-mile walk C. ten miles walk

18、 D. tenth mile walk,D,B,We have known each other for _. A. a year and half B. a year with half C. a year and a half D. a year with a half “Whats the date today?” “Its _.” A. the fourth of may B. the fourth May C. May four D. May the fourth,C,D,冠詞 Article,概念：冠詞是經(jīng)常加在名詞前面的一個(gè)輔助詞，限制名詞的意義。 冠詞在句子中不能單獨(dú)作一個(gè)成分

19、，是虛詞。 冠詞的范圍：a、an、the,不定冠詞a 、an 1、泛指某一類人或事物中的一個(gè)或一類。 eg:An elephant is much heavier than a horse. His father is a taxi driver. 2、用于序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”。 eg: I have read the books twice, but I want to read a third time. 3、a / an 的區(qū)別 a 用在輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前，an 用在元音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或字母前。 特殊詞： a usual boy ; a useful bo

20、ok ; a university ; a one leg dog an honest boy ; an hour ; an honor an “a , e , i , o , f, h , l , m , n , r , s , x ”,Exercise I have _ apple. He has _orange . This is _ egg. Jim is _ honest boy and he is _ university student . 4. Do you have _ computer ? 5. There is _ car in front of the house. E

21、nglish is _ useful language. He is _ unhappy boy. My father will come back in _ hour . There is _ beautiful flower. There is _ “u” and _ “s” in the word “use” Please take _ seat and have _ rest,an an,an,an a,a,a,a,an,an,a,a an a a,4. 第一次提到某人或某物而非特指時(shí)。 eg：There is a book on the desk, but the book isnt

22、 mine. 5. 用于表時(shí)間、速度、價(jià)格等意義的名詞之前，有“每一”的意思，相當(dāng)于every。 eg： three times a week; half an hour 6. 某些固定短語(yǔ)與不定冠詞有搭配關(guān)系。 eg：have a good time; a few; get a cold ; pay a visit ; take a seat; make a living,定冠詞 the的用法 1.定冠詞the, 用來(lái)特指某人或某物， 雙方都知道的人或物的名詞 前， 或用于第二次提到的某人或某物。 Is this the book that you are looking for? 2.表示

23、世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物的名詞前 The sun is bigger than the moon. 3.用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)前 the youngest / the most beautiful / the first (second, third, fourth) March is the third month of a year. He is the cleverest boy in his class. 4.用在某些形容詞或單數(shù)名詞前， 表示一類人或事物。如： the rich; the poor; the young; the old Do you know who invented

24、 the computer? The cat, is liked by many people.,5.用在表示山脈、海洋、江河、湖泊、群島、建筑物、名勝古跡等專有名詞前。如： the Yellow River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White House 6. 用在西洋樂(lè)器前 play the piano / the guitar / the violin 8. 用在方位名詞前 或習(xí)慣用法 in the south / on the right / in the day / in the end 7. The +姓的復(fù)數(shù) 表示一家人 The S

25、miths / the Greens,_ earth goes round _ sun. Jim is _ tallest and _ most interesting 3. _man over there is my teacher. 4. There is _ orange on the table . _ orange is mine . 5. I live on _ twelfth floor. 6. _ Great Wall is _oldest building. 7. I have _aunt . _ aunt is _ doctor. 8. In this exam ,he i

26、s _ second. Jim is _ boy . He is _ American boy. _Yellow River is one of _ longest rivers. Beijing is in _ north of China,The the,the the,The,an The,the,The the,an The a,the,a an,The the the,不用冠詞的情況 (1)有些專有名詞、抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。 如： China; Japanese; milk; love等。 (2)名詞前已有作定語(yǔ)用的this, that, my, your, whose

27、, some, any, no, each, every等代詞時(shí)，不用冠詞 如：This is my ruler. (3)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)， 不用冠詞。 如：They are teachers. (4) 表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞前也不加冠詞。 如： Bush was made president of the US.,(5)一日三餐、球類活動(dòng)、學(xué)科名詞前。 I have lunch at home. He often plays soccer after class. Maths is hard to learn. (6)在節(jié)日、星期、月份、季節(jié)等名詞前。如： Teachers Day;

28、 Mothers Day; on Monday; in May; in summer等。 (7)在與by連用的交通工具名稱前不加冠詞 by car, by bus, by train (但take a bus, in a boat, on the bike前要加冠詞) (8)在某些固定搭配里， 名詞之前常不用冠詞。如： on foot; at home; at night; go to school; from morning till night等。,7、 固定搭配 at first at last at noon at home 首先 最后 在中午 在家 on foot in bed in

29、 hospital go to school 步行 躺在床上 住院 上學(xué) 1. Do you like playing _ soccer ? 2. I usually have _ milk for _breakfast 3. We will go to the park on _ Monday . 4. My uncle lives in _America now . 5. Leaves turn yellow in _ autumn. 6. We can go swimming on _Sunday in _summer. 7. March 8th is _ Womens Day. 8.

30、His father is ill in _ hospital .,/ / / / / / / / / /,.單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. English is _ international language. A. a B. an C/ D. the ( )2. Look at _ skirt. I bought it for mother on Mothers Day, isnt it nice? Oh, what _ nice present！ A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a Da; 不填 ( )3. Do you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou

31、? Yes. Ive had _ wonderful time. A. / B. a C. the D. an,領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)法,B,C,B,( )4. We usually go to _ school on weekdays, and sometimes go to _ cinema at weekends. A. 不填；the B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填；不填 解析：考查冠詞。go to school 固定用法, go to a/the cinema 也是固定用法，a/the cinema 表示一類事物。,A,( )5. Lets have _ break; I w

32、ant to make _ telephone call. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the,A,( )6. _ are planning to go on vacation. A. Blacks B. A Blacks C. The Blacks D. The Blacks 解析：考查冠詞。the加姓的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示“一家人”。,D,( )7.Do you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou? Yes. Ive had _ wonderful time. A. / B. a C. the D. an 解析：本題考查固定短語(yǔ)與不定

33、冠詞搭配的關(guān)系。have a wonderful time玩的高興。故選B,B,1.MrWanghasworkedas_Englishteacherformorethan 10years. A./B.aC.anD.the 2 Howlongdoesittakeustogotoyourhometownfromhere? Ittakesus_hourormoretogotomyhometown by_train. A.an;aB.a;anC.an;/D.a;/ 3 What_usefulbookitis! Yeah,ittellsyouhowtoplayguitar. A.an；theB.a；aC

34、.a；theD.an；a 4、.Susanjoinedanartclubatageofsixandpaintswell. A.theB.anC.a 5、Myuncleis_engineer.Heworksveryhard. A.theB.aC.an,Exercises:,介詞,概念：介詞（虛詞），不能在句子中獨(dú)立充當(dāng)成分。它總是用于名詞、代詞、或相當(dāng)于名詞的其它詞類 或短語(yǔ)從句前。,中考需要掌握的11個(gè)介詞： in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before,2010,March,spring,the morning,the future,7：30

35、,night,the age of 19,first/last,the moment,Monday,March 5,March 5th,2010,Monday morning,holiday,Childrens Day,in,on,at,Prepositions of time 時(shí)間介詞,in ：in 1996 / in 2002 / in 1847（年份）in October / in February / in March （月份）in spring / in summer / in autumn / in winter （季節(jié)）in a week / in a year 在1周 / 年中

36、in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 在上午 / 下午 / 晚上in those days 在當(dāng)時(shí) / in no time 立刻 / in the daytime 在白天 / in the future 在將來(lái) / in one minute 在1分鐘內(nèi) / 最后 in the end表示較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間, 如：世紀(jì)、年代、年份、月份、季節(jié)、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些習(xí)慣用法中要用介詞“in”。,一. 時(shí)間介詞,on：on Monday / on Tuesday / on Wednesday / on Friday on Januar

37、y 1 / on April 18 / on May 31on January 1, 1988 / on April 18, 2002 / on May 31,1977on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Wednesday eveningon a winter morning / on a summer evening / on a autumn afternoonon the morning of May fifthon my birthday / on that day / on New Years Day / on the firs

38、t two days / on Christmas Day值日 on duty / 準(zhǔn)時(shí) on time 表示具體某一天或者特定（某一天上下午）的時(shí)間用介詞“on”。星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、含Day的節(jié)日、有修飾上午/下午/晚上以及一些習(xí)慣用法中要用介詞on,at:at ten oclock / at seven thirty. （表示某一鐘點(diǎn)）at noon / at night / at midnight/ at dawn/ at sunset （在中午、晚上、半夜一天中相對(duì)短暫的時(shí)間）at the age of twenty / at the age of thirty-five

39、（表示某一年齡）at that time 在那時(shí) / at the moment 這時(shí)、那時(shí)、此刻 / at first 首先 / at last 最后in the end / at once 立刻、馬上 / at / on (the) weekends 在周末 / 在一年中的這個(gè)時(shí)候 at this time of year / 在 開始/結(jié)束時(shí) at the beginning /end of表示時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)（或表示某時(shí)刻）如：鐘點(diǎn)、年齡、節(jié)日、中午/夜晚/子夜或其它的習(xí)慣用法中要用“at”。,during:during the weekduring those three monthsd

40、uring my visitduring the holidays / meetingduring the spring表示“在 的期間”要用介詞“during”，during表示在特定的時(shí)間里，其后的名詞前要用定冠詞或者表示特定意義的代詞。,since:since 1986 / since 1977since last summer / since last week / since last monthsince then 從那時(shí)以后since he came here 自從他來(lái)了以后表示“自 以來(lái)”，表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻到現(xiàn)在，用介詞“since”?！皊ince”“點(diǎn)時(shí)間”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完

41、成時(shí)。till / untilThe park is open till 5 p.m.He didnt leave the park until 4 p.m.表示某動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)延續(xù)到某一時(shí)間終止，用介詞“till / until”,The train leaves at 8 oclock, so youd better be there by 8:50. 火車八點(diǎn)鐘開，所以你最好八點(diǎn)五十以前趕到那兒。He left Shanghai at the end of last year. 去年年底他離開了上海。（過(guò)去式）By the end of last year he had finished

42、the work. 到去年年底，他已經(jīng)完成了工作。at表示事件發(fā)生在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)上；by表示事件發(fā)生在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)前。at the end of + 時(shí)間 / 地點(diǎn)，表示時(shí)間時(shí)，一般用于一般過(guò)去式。by the end of + 時(shí)間，表示時(shí)間時(shí)，一般用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)。in the end =at last最后,表示時(shí)間介詞的比較：, today/one night / this month / that summer / last year / next week / the day before yesterday / the week after next 再下一周 There was a f

43、ootball match yesterday evening. 昨天晚上有一場(chǎng)足球賽。 They will go to the zoo tomorrow. 明天他們將要去動(dòng)物園。 由one / this / that / last / next等修飾的表示時(shí)間的詞組 前不需要用介詞。 Ill visit my grandparents this week. 這一周我要去看望我的祖父母。 Please come to school earlier next time. 下次請(qǐng)?jiān)琰c(diǎn)來(lái)學(xué)校。,Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive in Par

44、is the morning of July 9.A. on B. in C. atThe twins were born a Friday evening.A. on B. in C. atwe travelled overnight to Paris and arrived 5 oclock the morning.A. on, in B. at, in C. at, onwe finish our lessons 11:30 and then have a rest noon.A. at, in B. at, at C. in, in,practice,in+ 大地方(in the wo

45、rld, in Beijing, in the north, in China) at+ 小地方(at home, at school, at the bus stop/ the airport) The Greens live at 87 King Street.on+ 門牌，某層樓 (on twentieth floor)1.My uncle live _ F12 _the fifth floor. A. at, on B. in, on C. on, at2.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station

46、 to the hotel. A. at, in B. in, on C. in, at,二. 地點(diǎn)介詞,on 在的上面,與表面接觸 over 在的正上方,不接觸表面 under 在下面(是on, over的反義詞) above 在上方, below 在下方, 是above的反義詞 1.Look! There is a bridge _the river. A. on B. over C. above 2.Can you see the egg _ the plate? A. on B. in C. over,in front of 是在物體外部的前面 例如: 教室前有個(gè)花園。 e.g. Th

47、ere is a garden in front of the classroom.,in the front of 是在物體內(nèi)部的前面 例如: 教室前有張桌子。 e.g. There is a desk in the front of the classroom.,in front of 與 in the front of的區(qū)別:,at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某個(gè)范圍內(nèi)。,over, above和on均表示“在上面”,over反義詞是under; above反義詞是below; on指兩個(gè)物體表面有接觸。,in front of 表示“在前面”, 其反義詞是behind; in th

48、e middle of 表示“在的中間” 。,between表示在兩者之間, among表示“在中”數(shù)目為三者或三者以上, around表示圍繞在四周。,beside表示“在旁邊”, inside表示“在內(nèi)”, outside表示“在外” 。,Conclusion:,near/by/next to表示“在旁邊” 。,opposite表示“在對(duì)面” 。,三.方位介詞,in 在某范圍之內(nèi) to 在某范圍之外 on 與某地相鄰、接壤 1. China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C.

49、to, in 2. Mongolia is _the north of China. A. in B. on C. to,through,across,over,round,橫穿,從內(nèi)部穿過(guò),cross 表面穿過(guò) through 中間穿過(guò) 1.The sunshine come into the room _ the window. A. across B. through C. past 2.You can go _ the road here. A. across B. through C. past 3.Can you swim _ the river. A. across B. thr

50、ough C. past,四、表方式、方法、手段,in 用材料、語(yǔ)言 with 用工具、某物 by 用方式、方法、手段 1.My mother often go to work _ bike. A. in B. on C. by 2.The teacher is writing on the paper _ red ink and the blackboard _a piece of chalk. A. with, with B. in ,with C. with ,in 3.Can you say it _ English? A. in B. with C. by,with與一起；witho

51、ut、except從整體里除去個(gè)體；除之外，不包括besides “除了還”；eg. Besides Mr Li, five teachers went to the meeting.including 從整體中突出個(gè)體“包括”,四、整體與部分介詞,Why did you all go swimming Tom? Because he was ill at home. A. with B. besides C. beside D. except,常見的介詞搭配 Its very nice of you to help me. Its very good for you to do exerci

52、se. the answer (key) to the question (lock) be famous for be famous as be made of be made from on time in time,介詞和動(dòng)詞的固定搭配 同一動(dòng)詞和不同介詞的搭配： look at (看) look for(找) look after(照顧) look over(檢查) look out of (朝外面看) look (a)round(環(huán)視) arrive in大地方(到達(dá)) arrive at小地方(到達(dá)) hear of (聽說(shuō)) hear from(收到的來(lái)信) spend錢on s

53、th. (花錢做某事) spend時(shí)間(in) doing sth. (花時(shí)間做某事),同一介詞和不同動(dòng)詞的搭配： ask for (要求)leave for (動(dòng)身去) send for (派人去請(qǐng))pay for (付錢) wait for (等待) agree with sb (同意某人) begin with (以開始) help with (在方面幫助) catch up with (趕上) get on/along with (與相處) make friends with (與交朋友),其他的介詞和動(dòng)詞的搭配： listen to (聽)come from (來(lái)自) fall of

54、f (從上摔下)try out (試驗(yàn)) knock at/on (敲) prefer.to. (比起來(lái)還是好) learn by oneself (自學(xué)) take care of (照顧) stop.(from) doing (阻止做) help oneself to食物 (隨便吃) get to (到達(dá)) Thanks to (多虧，由于),介詞和形容詞的常見搭配： be good at (在方面好) be weak in (在方面差) be good for (對(duì)有好處) be bad for (對(duì)有壞處) be late for (遲到) be sorry for (為遺憾，抱歉)

55、be full of (充滿) be busy with (忙于) be angry with (對(duì)某人生氣) be afraid of (害怕) be interested in (對(duì)感興趣) be different from (與不同) be strict with sb. in sth.(在某事上對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格) be fond of (喜愛(ài)),1.害怕 2.對(duì)驚訝 3.生氣 4.對(duì)興奮 5.對(duì)滿意 6.以著名 7.充滿了 8.擅長(zhǎng) 9.對(duì)感興趣 10.遲到 11.與不同,be afraid of,be amazed at,be angry with,be excited about,be

56、 pleased with,be famous for,be filled with,be good at,be interested in,介詞短語(yǔ),be late for,be different from,中考精選練習(xí): 選擇填空:,( )1.There is a good play_TV this evening. A. on B. by C. in ( )2. How far is it _ Guangzhou_Beijing? A. fromto B. fromfor C. awayto ( )3. Japan lies _the east of China. A. to B. i

57、n C. on ( )4. Mr. Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back _two weeks. A. for B. after C. in（廣東） ( )5. A: What time did you get there this morning? B: _ eight. A. In B. At C. On,A,A,A,C,B,( )6. My aunt arrived here _a warm spring morning. A. in B. at C. on,( )7. A:When did your uncle arrive _ China