中考英語語法比較級與最高級(06).ppt

1、中考英語語法,第十講 比較級與最高級,教學(xué)目標,掌握同級、比較級、最高級基本知識,掌握比較級中各出題方式,掌握比較級、同級中的經(jīng)典題目,第一部分：同級比較,同級比較-和一樣:比什么; 和誰比,例:這個音樂聽起來很好 The music sounds good/nice. 例:這個音樂聽起來和那個一樣好asas The music sounds as good/nice as that 否定句中: not asas/ not soas The music doesnt sound as/so good as that 步驟: 一:寫最簡單的句子 二:找好所比的內(nèi)容 三: 用asas前后夾擊,+比

2、較對象,同級比較例句,例:他長得衰 He is ugly 他和王彤長得一樣衰 He is as ugly as wt 例: 他做得好 He does well 他和他做得一樣好 He does as well as him. 例: 他和她一樣常來玩 He plays as frequently as her.,同級比較的擴展倍數(shù),(Once) asas Twice asas 3 times asas 10 times asas 這個大廈比這個屋子高十倍 The building is 10 times as high as the poor house.,Asas結(jié)構(gòu)的總結(jié),一: 判斷其中的哪

3、種詞性, 必須熟練掌握good, well的區(qū)別 二: 倍數(shù)的問題 三: asas/ as soon as一就/ as soon as possible 盡可能快的 的意思區(qū)別 四: as well- as well as 的區(qū)別 As well= too He does as well as his brother, as well. 他也像他的兄弟那樣做得一樣好 五: as as的否定形式 中國登月不像美國那么早 China doesnt land on the moon as/so early as U.S.A,第二部分：比較級,比較級:,他比她更酷 He is cooler than

4、her 比: than 更: 在英語中有三個寫法 She is smarter than him 她比他更聰明 She is more beautiful than him.她比他更漂亮 She does better than him. 她做得比她更好 漢語中的一個”更”, 在英語中, 根據(jù)形容詞和副詞本身的原型,產(chǎn)生三大類的變形 Red-redder(單元音+er) Beautiful-more beautiful (多元音: more+原型) 特殊詞,所有單元音, 其后都配 er smart-smarter 輔元輔,雙寫 redredder; hothotter 這四類 ble; ple

5、; ow; er 雙元音, 還是 er Clevercleverer; narrownarrower; 狹窄的ableabler有能力的; simplesimpler簡單的; heavyheavier更重的 所有的多元音,雙元音: more+原型 quiet more quiet ; beautiful more beautiful 特殊變形: good/well betterbest; bad/badly/illworseworst; many/muchmoremost; little/a little lessleast; few/ a few fewerfewest Old oldero

6、ldest; oldeldereldest Farfartherfarthest; farfurther-furthest,比較級的基本知識:,結(jié)構(gòu): It sounds good 它比那個更好聽 It sounds better than that 他比她更強壯 He is strong He is stronger than her. 他喝得比他高,比較級的難點1. more,1. 構(gòu)成比較級,本身無意義 She is more beautiful than her. 2. many, much 的比較, 本身有意義 She has many books. 例:她的書比他的書多 She h

7、as more books than his,3. no more= not any more不再 4. more or less 或多或少 5. more and more 越來越多; less and less越來越少; redder and redder 越來越紅 6.the 比較級, the 比較級(the 必須放于句首) 你越瘦,冬天你覺得越冷 The thinner you are, the cooler you feel in winter. 7. one more= another one 再來一個 I need _ candle. 我還得需要一只蠟燭,4.最高級和比較級中意思

8、相同的轉(zhuǎn)化,他比班里其他的人都高 他在班里最高 He is taller than any other student in the class. He is the tallest in the class. 解題思路: 一:分清比較和最高 二:在比較中, than 后只接any other,5.比較級的修飾問題,Much/ a little/ too/ far/still/even對比較級修飾 He is stronger than him他比他壯 He is much/ too/ far stronger than him他比他壯得多 His handwriting is _ than

9、her Far good; far best; much better; more better,6.到底什么是比較級,Hangzhou is a _ beautiful city More; very; much more; much 解題思路: 比較級必須有比較的對象, 例:今天比昨天熱 今天比較熱 經(jīng)典漢語:小腿肚子上掛水平-比較高的水平(比腳高的水瓶) The book he bought in the book store was _ than that he brought from his brother better; best; far; far good,第三部分：經(jīng)典習(xí)題

10、,She is my elder sister. She is my older sister. 2誤 析 elder 和eldest是用來指家庭中兄弟姐妹的長幼關(guān)系，而older, oldest 則是指歲數(shù)大多少，如：She is three years older than I.,Im tired. I cant go further. Im tired. I cant go farther. 1誤 析 far有兩個比較級 farther 較遠的，further 進一步的，如：Do you need any further explanation? 你需要進一步的解釋嗎?當(dāng)然它也有兩個最高

11、級。farthest和furthest.,He is very higher than I am. He is much higher than I am. 1誤 析 much可以用來修飾比較級，而very則用來修飾形容詞原級，如：Im very tired.,She is not half as clever as her brother. She is not as half clever as her brother. 2誤 析 在asas結(jié)構(gòu)中要將修飾形容詞的數(shù)量詞倍數(shù)及nearly, almost, exactly 等置于第一個as之前。,Who is taller of the t

12、wo? Who is the taller of the two? 1誤 析 兩者的比較級之前要加定冠詞。,I have less books than Tom. I have fewer books than Tom. 1誤 析 less 是 little的比較級，而fewer是few的比較級。less后應(yīng)加不可數(shù)名詞而fewer后是可數(shù)名詞。,There are three girls in my group. The cleverest is Mary. There are three girls in my group. The cleverer is Mary. 2誤 析 在兩者之間

13、應(yīng)用比較級，在三者之間或三者以上的范圍內(nèi)應(yīng)用最高級。,The boy sat there as quiet as his sister. The boy sat there as quietly as his sister 1誤 析 asas的用法要注意的是： 在其中間應(yīng)加形容詞或副詞的原級，而不可加比較級，也有的語法書中稱為同級比較。 要根據(jù)句意決定是加形容詞還是副詞，這要看它具體是修飾動詞還是名詞而定，如：He is as good as his friend.,The harder you study, and you can learn more The harder you stud

14、y, the more you can learn. 1誤 析 英文中如果要表達越來越怎樣，在初中范圍有兩種表達法： 比較級+and+比較級。 定冠詞+比較級，如：The nights are getting longer and longer。 要注意的是多音節(jié)形容詞的比較級前要加more，這樣的用法是：more and more 加形容詞，如：The girl is growing more and more beautiful.,as,Studying physics is not so interesting as to learn English. Studying physics

15、is not so interesting as learning English. 1誤 析 在作比較時，英語一般要求對比的兩部分結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)一致。如用動名詞，應(yīng)都用動名詞，用不定式時則都用不定式。但有時在后一個不定式前的符號to可以省略。如：To repair the old one is as much expensive as (to) buy a new one.,The girl is more cleverer than the boy. The girl is much more clever (much cleverer) than the boy. 1誤 析 clever有兩個比

16、較級：cleverer和more clever,要注意的是不能用比較級來修飾比較級。 clever的兩個比較級也各有不同之處，如用在兩種不同性質(zhì)的比較時多用more clever,如：He is more clever than honest. (他的聰明要遠遠超過其誠實。),The boy is the tallest to the three. The boy is the tallest of the three. 1誤 析 最高級的范圍要用of加復(fù)數(shù)形式或加集合名詞。,This dictionary is the much best one of the English Chinese

17、 dictionaries. This dictionary is much the best one of the English Chinese dictionaries. 1誤 析 在修飾最高級時應(yīng)用 far/by far/much 加the加最高級。但very例外，如：He is the very best player in the team.,Shanghai is bigger than any other cities in China. Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 1誤 析 在比較級中表示比較對象時如用an

18、y other其后一般要加單數(shù)名詞。,Most of the stories in this book are written in English. Most of stories in this book are written in English. Most stories in this book are written in English. 2誤 析 大多數(shù)一詞的表達法有most of the +名詞，或most+名詞。當(dāng)用前一種結(jié)構(gòu)時，其后面的定冠詞不可少。,The temperature of that room is higher than that of this roo

19、m. The temperature of that room is higher than this room. 2誤 析 比較級用于兩句話之間時，比較的部分不可省略掉，但為了避免重復(fù)，一般都要用that代替前面的單數(shù)名詞，而用those代替前面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，如：The books in that box are bigger than those in this box。,1 I think Chinese is than maths. . interesting Bmore interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 答案

20、 B. 析 在有than作比較的句子中應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級。,3 The Huang He River is one of in China. A. The long river B. the longest river C. the longest rivers D. the longer river 答案 C. 析 在one of + 定冠詞+最高級之后的名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。,4 It was yesterday than today. A. hot B. hoter C. hotter D. the hottest 答案 C. 析 用than表達比較的句中應(yīng)用比較級 。,5 Which su

21、bject do you like , English Chinese or maths? A. best B. well C. better D. good 答案 A. 析 在兩者之間應(yīng)用比較級，而在三者之間或三者以上用最高級。,6 she eats, shell be. A. Morefat B. The morefatter C. Morethe fatter D. The morethe fatter 答案 D. 析 the+比較級表示越來越本句應(yīng)譯為：她吃得越多，她就會越胖。,7 I dont think English is Chinese. A. as important as

22、B. not important as C. not so important D. important as 答案 A. 析 think+賓語從句時，應(yīng)采用否定主句的形式，如：中文講，我認為你不對，英文應(yīng)為：我不認為你對。 I dont think you are right. 所以不能選答案B。而C、D均為不正確的表達法。,8 Which is , Li Leis box or Guo Meimeis box? A. heavy B. heavier C. more heavier D. the heaviest 答案 B. 析 兩者之間用比較級，三者或以上用最高級。 Heavy heav

23、ier; clever-cleverer,9 You look than before， why? A. more thin B. more thinner C. much more thin D. much thinner 答案 D. 析 多音節(jié)形容詞才用more或most加形容詞來表示其比較級或最高級，而thin的比較級為thinner。,10 Ill work I can. A. so hardly as B. so hard as C. as hardly as D. as hard as 答案 D. 析 hard可用作形容詞和副詞， 如：The desk was made of hard wood 又如：It is raining hard。 而 hardly 是副詞，其詞義是幾乎不， 如：Hardly did I sleep last night. 我昨晚幾乎沒有睡覺。 而且hardly用于句首時要采用倒裝語序。 asas即可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句，