高三下學(xué)期英語課件-短文改錯(cuò).ppt

1、專題四 短文改錯(cuò),Activity is the only road to knowledge. Bernard Shaw,考情分析,20092008年高考對(duì)短文改錯(cuò)的考查情況如下：,考點(diǎn)分類突破,高考短文改錯(cuò)的錯(cuò)誤類型多種 多樣，概括起來主要是語法錯(cuò)誤、 邏輯錯(cuò)誤和搭配錯(cuò)誤。,考點(diǎn)分類突破,考點(diǎn)分類突破,高考短文改錯(cuò)的錯(cuò)誤類型多種 多樣，概括起來主要是語法錯(cuò)誤、 邏輯錯(cuò)誤和搭配錯(cuò)誤。,一、語法錯(cuò)誤,語法錯(cuò)誤又可分為多種情況，主要有名詞、冠詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、從句等。,一、語法錯(cuò)誤,語法錯(cuò)誤又可分為多種情況，主要有名詞、冠詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞、非謂語動(dòng)

2、詞、從句等。,考點(diǎn)詮釋,1.名詞 (The Nouns),考點(diǎn)詮釋,名詞錯(cuò)誤主要有：單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞混用。確定名詞單復(fù)數(shù)可以通過以下幾種方法： （1）看名詞前的修飾語； （2）看主謂語的一致性； （3）可數(shù)名詞前無單數(shù)修飾語通常要用復(fù)數(shù)； （4）分清可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的概念。,There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them. 2009海南/寧夏高考,friends,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,1.名詞 (The Nouns

3、),考點(diǎn)詮釋,2.冠詞 (The Article),考點(diǎn)詮釋,主要考查表示特指和泛指的情況，包括不定冠詞/ n的混用，定冠詞the多余或缺失；另外，固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的冠詞也是考查的重點(diǎn)。做此類題時(shí)要結(jié)合冠詞的使用原則和句子的具體意義靈活運(yùn)用。,The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through.,an,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,2.冠詞 (The Article),考點(diǎn)詮釋,3.代詞 (The Pronoun),

4、考點(diǎn)詮釋,代詞的錯(cuò)誤主要包括代詞的性、格與數(shù)的錯(cuò)用，涉及人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞等。做這類韙時(shí)，要注意根據(jù)上下文，弄清文中代詞的指代關(guān)系。,When I was in high school, most of my friends had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it.,one,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,3.代詞 (The Pronoun),考點(diǎn)詮釋,考點(diǎn)詮釋,形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤主要有：形容詞、副詞混用；比較等級(jí)的誤用，做此類題目要注意結(jié)合上下文，明確其意義和前后關(guān)系。,

5、4.形容詞 (The Adjective)和 副詞 (The Adverb),Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here. 2009海南/寧夏高考,warm,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,4.形容詞 (The Adjective)和 副詞 (The Adverb),考點(diǎn)詮釋,5.介詞 (The Preposition),考點(diǎn)詮釋,介詞錯(cuò)誤主要是介詞的多余、缺失或錯(cuò)用。做介詞題目，要考慮介詞的意義用法及固定搭配用法。,I asked my father the money. 2009海南/寧夏高考,

6、for,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,5.介詞 (The Preposition),考點(diǎn)詮釋,6.連詞 (The Conjunction),考點(diǎn)詮釋,連詞錯(cuò)誤指連詞的缺失及錯(cuò)用。連詞誤用包括表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、并列、遞進(jìn)等關(guān)系詞的誤用，解答時(shí)不僅要注意把握詞與詞、句與句或段與段之間的關(guān)系，有時(shí)還要排除漢語影響。,This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to someone else.,but,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析

7、,典例透析,典例透析,6.連詞 (The Conjunction),考點(diǎn)詮釋,7.動(dòng)詞 (The Verb),考點(diǎn)詮釋,動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤主要有：時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的誤用；及物和不及物動(dòng)詞誤用；動(dòng)詞賓語形式錯(cuò)誤；主語和謂語的不一致等。 就此問題，需要把握文中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的主旋律，搞清主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)，熟記某些動(dòng)詞的賓語形式并且全面理解有關(guān)主謂一致的規(guī)則。,I stood there and couldnt believe that a complete stranger is so thoughtful .,was,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,7.動(dòng)詞 (The Ver

8、b),考點(diǎn)詮釋,考點(diǎn)詮釋,非謂語動(dòng)詞方面出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤主要體現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞及動(dòng)名詞的誤用。明確句中動(dòng)詞所作句子成分，系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語動(dòng)詞的各項(xiàng)功能是解題的關(guān)鍵。,考點(diǎn)詮釋,考點(diǎn)詮釋,非謂語動(dòng)詞方面出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤主要體現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞及動(dòng)名詞的誤用。明確句中動(dòng)詞所作句子成分，系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語動(dòng)詞的各項(xiàng)功能是解題的關(guān)鍵。,8.非謂語動(dòng)詞 (the Non-Finite Verbs),考點(diǎn)詮釋,It was a lesson to us that it was possible to give without expect anything in return.,expec

9、ting,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,8.非謂語動(dòng)詞 (the Non-Finite Verbs),考點(diǎn)詮釋,9.從句 ( Subordinate Clauses),考點(diǎn)詮釋,從句方面的錯(cuò)誤主要設(shè)置在從句連接詞的誤用、缺失、多余等方面，正確判斷從句的類型（名詞性從句、定語從句、狀語從句）是正確判斷連接詞的基礎(chǔ)。,One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan.,which,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,9.

10、從句 ( Subordinate Clauses),考點(diǎn)詮釋,二、邏輯錯(cuò)誤,考點(diǎn)詮釋,1、邏輯錯(cuò)誤主要表現(xiàn)在肯定與否定以及表示遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞上。 2、判斷這類錯(cuò)誤，要從上下文、習(xí)慣用法、并列句或復(fù)合句等角度入手。若為并列句，則要從上下文來判斷句與句之間是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、遞進(jìn)還是其他關(guān)系；若為復(fù)合句，則應(yīng)首先判斷從句類型，然后根據(jù)主、從句間的邏輯關(guān)系做出正確判斷。,考點(diǎn)詮釋,The angel touched his eyes, but he could see everything clearly.,and,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,二、邏輯錯(cuò)誤,考點(diǎn)詮釋,三、搭配錯(cuò)誤,考點(diǎn)詮釋,搭配錯(cuò)誤主要是指一些固定句型、句式或習(xí)慣用語的錯(cuò)用。做此類題首先要準(zhǔn)確掌握句型、句式或習(xí)慣用語的正確形式和確切含義，然后判斷是否有多用、漏用和錯(cuò)用介詞、副詞、連詞、冠詞等情況。,考點(diǎn)詮釋,He never watches where he is going, so he often gets into the trouble.,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,三、搭配錯(cuò)誤,was,a,understanding,really,poor,She,and,