閱讀理解-王倩雅.ppt

1、,題 型 及 解 題 技 巧,閱讀理解,2004-2010年高考英語(yǔ)（浙江）閱讀理解考點(diǎn)分布,Important,猜測(cè)詞義 讀懂文章,語(yǔ)境法 Context clues,構(gòu)詞法 Word formation,猜測(cè)詞意,高考閱讀理解專題,中學(xué)英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的前綴和后綴有： super- (超) mini- (極小的, 微小的) micro-（極微小的） re- （再，反復(fù)） mis-（誤，惡） im-（不） un-（不，非） in-（不，非） non-（不，非） -able（能的 ） -less（不，無(wú)） -wards (向),superman microwave (超人) nonnatural m

2、ispronounce (非自然的) homeless nonsmoker (無(wú)家可歸的) rebuild eastwards (重建),Can you guess the right meanings?,(微波),(非煙民),(發(fā)錯(cuò)音),(向東),語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義,語(yǔ)境法猜測(cè)詞義,1、定義描述,Ex. A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animal

3、s. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. We are on the night shift - from midnight to 8 a.m. - this week.,木匠,動(dòng)物學(xué)家,牧人,夜班,定義或釋義關(guān)系常由定語(yǔ)從句或be called，be known as, be defined as等詞匯或破折號(hào)來(lái)表示 ； 或由is, that is (to say), in other words，to put it another way引出 一些具體的解釋性的短語(yǔ)放在生詞后做它的同位語(yǔ)，用逗號(hào)

4、隔開(kāi)，構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系。,小 結(jié),2.同義詞 Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.,圓胖的,反義詞 John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.,節(jié)約的,由and或or， like ,as as, the same as等連接的兩個(gè)詞構(gòu)成同義關(guān)系； 表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞常有如but,

5、while, however, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, otherwise, though ，on the contrary等。,小 結(jié),3、因果關(guān)系 The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.,混濁的,常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，so, so that, such that therefore等)表示前因后果。,小 結(jié),4、舉例歸納法 On

6、 the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.,家禽,常用such as, like， for example, for instance等引出例子，可根據(jù)例子隸屬的類別歸納出總稱詞即詞義 。,小 結(jié),5、生活經(jīng)驗(yàn), 生活常識(shí), 邏輯推理 Because this chemical liquid is highly volatile, we must keep it in a bottle which has a tight lid.,易揮發(fā)的,小

7、結(jié),根據(jù)自身的直接或間接的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，或運(yùn)用自己已有的常識(shí)將生詞推測(cè)出來(lái)。 因此平時(shí)多了解英美國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，宗教信仰，社會(huì)生活等，可以幫助加深對(duì)文章的理解，遇到生詞，猜測(cè)詞義的能力自然就提高了。,6.根據(jù)生詞所在的上下文猜測(cè)詞義,例題： Tom cant find his sneakers. C. shoes,Tom cant find his white sneakers,Tom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers.,A. money,B. bowls,Inquiry-based Activities (I)

8、探究活動(dòng) (1),1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice. A. 雪山 B. 樹(shù)枝 C. 冰河 D. 冰 2. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. A. weak B. firm C. kind D. clever,小試身手,推斷題分類,Classification,1. 問(wèn)題形式: It can be infe

9、rred from the text that . From the text we know that is most likely . When the writer talks about , what the writer really means is . The writer suggests that . The story implies/indicates that . We can infer /concludefrom the passage that . 這類題干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude indicate(暗示)等標(biāo)志性詞

10、語(yǔ)。,一、如何推斷隱含意義,2. 技巧點(diǎn)撥: （1）針對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)推斷 (2) 針對(duì)主題思想,一、如何推斷隱含意義,推理判斷,借助常識(shí),2. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die. The

11、 passage implies that rocks _. hurt sea animals protect sea animals C. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beaches,Practice,二、如何推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：,1. 問(wèn)題形式: The writers attitude toward is_. The writer thought that_. According to the author _.,2.技巧點(diǎn)撥 注意作者表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞及所舉的例子，推斷出作者的弦外之音。,說(shuō)明文中作者的態(tài)度:

12、objective neutral 在議論文中，有： (1)positive (2)negative (3)neutral (4)approval (5) disapproval (6) indifferent (7)ironic (8)critical (9)optimistic (10)pessimistic (11)cautious (12)admiring,客觀的,消極的,漠不關(guān)心的,贊成的,不贊成的,樂(lè)觀的,悲觀的,中立的,積極的,諷刺的,批評(píng)的,中立的,Notes,謹(jǐn)慎的,崇拜的,What is the authors attitude towards the modern tec

13、hnology? A. Critical B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.,There was a time when some peoples lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might

14、 envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced; they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.,高考鏈接-2010江西卷,6,三、如何推

15、斷寫(xiě)作目的,1. Question forms: (1) 考查整篇文章的寫(xiě)作目的 A. The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _. B. What is the purpose of writing this article? C. In writing the passage, the author intends to _. (2) 考查某處細(xì)節(jié)的寫(xiě)作意圖 A. The writer uses the example ofto show that _. B. The writer uses the two questions a

16、t the beginning of the passage to _. C. are mentioned in the first paragraph to _.,Brainstorming,To introduce sth,To sell a product or service,To arract readers attention,To attract readers to pay for a trip to some attraction,To call on,To resist sth,To amuse readers,To argue against and support on

17、es own idea,The Cost of Higher Education Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (經(jīng)濟(jì)). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投資)and create jobs. If you believe that the government should

18、pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government,

19、who should pay for their university education.,高考鏈接-2010北京卷,The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to _. Aargue against free university education Bcall on them to finance students studies Cencourage graduates to go into business Dshow their contribution to higher education,8,1. Question forms: The passage is most likely