2001考研英語(yǔ)真題

1、.2001 年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題Section I Structure and VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer onANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets wi

2、th a pencil.(5 points)Example:I have been to the Great Wall three times _ 1979.A fromB afterC forD sinceThe sentence should read,“ I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979.Therefore, you should choose D.Sample AnswerA B C 1. If I were in movie, then it would be about time that I _ my hea

3、d in my hands for a cry.A buryB am burying C buriedD would bury2. Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port _ half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.A to announceB announcedC announcingD was announced3. According to one belief, if truth is to

4、be known it will make itself apparent, so one_ wait instead of searching for it. A would ratherB had toC cannot butD had best4. She felt suitably humble just as she _ when he had first taken a good look at her city self, hair waved and golden, nails red and pointed.A hadB had hadC would have andD ha

5、s had5. There was no sign that Mr. Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite;._ from leadership of it, would intervene personally.A being resignedB having resignedC going to resignD resign6. So involved with their computers _ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them

6、 to break for sports and games.A became the childrenB become the childrenC had the children becomeD do the children become7. The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is _ an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.A everything exceptB anything but

7、C no less thanD nothing more than8. One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match. _ this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation. A ByB In C ForD With9. Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and bei

8、ng talked to _ it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.A asB whichC thatD what10. Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, _ they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.A beB being C wereD are Part B Directions:Beneath each of the following sent

9、ences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the rackets with a pencil. (10 points)Example:The lost car of the Lees was found _ in the woods off the highway.A vanished

10、;.B scatteredC abandonedD rejectedThe sentence should read. “ Thelost car of the Lees was found abandoned in thewoods off the highway.” There fore, youuld choosesho C.Sample AnswerA B D11. He is too young to be able to _ between right and wrong. A discardB discernC disperseD disregard12. It was no _

11、 that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.A coincidenceB convention C certaintyD complication13. One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships_ follow traffic rules in busy harbors. A cautiouslyB dutifully C faithfullyD skillfully14. The Eskimo i

12、s perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be _ the welfare of his animals.A critical aboutB indignant atC indifferent toD subject to15. The chairman of the board _ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.A compe

13、lledB posed C pressedD tempted16. It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is facedwith _.A for longB in and outC once for allD by nature17. Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in_ and lack of unity in style.;.A conflictB co

14、nfrontationC disturbanceD disharmony18. The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once _.A thrivedB swelled C prosperedD flourished19. However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _ some of the decline in the iron

15、and steel industry.A overturnB overtake C offsetD oppress20. Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is _. A firmB company C corporationD enterprise21. When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person, the body immediately recognizes it as _.A novelB remote C dist

16、antD foreign22. My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison disc I_ at a garage sale. A trifled withB scraped through C stumbled uponD thirsted for23. Some day software will translate both written and spoken language so well that the need for any common second language cou

17、ld _.A descendB declineC deteriorateD depress24. Equipment not _ official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop.A conforming toB consistent with C predominant over;.D providing for25. As an industry, biotechnology stands to _ electronics in dollar volume and perhaps surpass it in s

18、ocial impact by 2020.A contendB contest C rivalD strive26. The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving _ for the states and liberty for individuals.A autonomyB dignityC monopolyD stability27. For three quarters of its span on

19、 Earth, life evolved almost _ as microorganisms.A preciselyB instantly C initiallyD exclusively28. The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow _, particularly in Western Europe.A obscureB obsolete C optionalD overlapping29. Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the univer

20、se, it is just _and needs proving.A spontaneousB hypotheticalC intuitiveD empirical30. The future of this company is _: many of its talented employees are flowing into more profitable net-based businesses.A at oddsB in trouble C in vainD at stakeSection II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blan

21、k in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up;.people

22、involved in prominent cases31the trial of Rosemary West.In a significant32of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a33bill that will propose making payments to witnesses34and will strictly control the amount of35that can be given to a case36a trial begins.In

23、 a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he37with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not38sufficient control.大 39of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a40of media protest when he said the41of p

24、rivacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges42to Parliament.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which43the European Convention on Human Rights legally44in Britain, laid down that everybody was45to privacy and that public figures could go to co

25、urt to protect themselves and their families.“ Press freedoms will be in safe hands46our British judges, . ” he said Witness payments became an47after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were48to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns

26、 were raised49witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to50guilty verdicts.31. A as to B for instance C in particularD such as32. A tightening B intensifying C focusingD fastening33. A sketch B roughC preliminaryD draft34. A illogical B illegalC improbableD improper35. A pu

27、blicity B penaltyC popularityD peculiarity36. A sinceB ifC beforeD as37. A sided;.B sharedC compliedD agreed38. A presentB offerC manifestD indicate39. A ReleaseB PublicationC PrintingD Exposure40. A stormB rageC flareD flash41. A translationB interpretationC exhibitionD demonstration42. A better th

28、anB other thanC rather thanD sooner than43. A changesB makesC setsD turns44. A binding B convincing C restrainingD sustaining45. A authorized B creditedC entitledD qualified46. A withB toC fromD by47. A impact B incident C inferenceD issue48. A stated;.B remarkedC saidD told49. A whatB when C whichD

29、 that50. A assureB confide C ensureD guaranteeSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mar

30、k your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points) Text 1Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could

31、continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.No clear-cut distinction can be d

32、rawn between professionals and amateurs in science:exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “ amateur ” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specia

33、lization in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer,more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be i

34、llustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research pap

35、er. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the

36、 other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth centu

37、ry and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a;.logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists

38、 coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.Although the process of professionalisation and specialization was already well under way in British geology during

39、 the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.51. The growth of specialization in the 19th century might be more cl

40、early seen in sciences such as _.A sociology and chemistryB physics and psychology C sociology and psychologyD physics and chemistry52. We can infer from the passage that _.A there is little distinction between specialization and professionalisationB amateurs can compete with professionals in some a

41、reas of scienceC professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific communityD amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones53. The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate _. A the process of specialization and professionalisationB the hardship of amateurs in

42、 scientific study C the change of policies in scientific publicationsD the discrimination of professionals against amateurs54. The direct reason for specialization is _.A the development in communicationB the growth of professionalisationC the expansion of scientific knowledgeD the splitting up of a

43、cademic societies Text 2A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide - the division of the world into the info (information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less vis

44、ible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize a

45、ccess - after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access.Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now

46、believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news;.because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we ve ever had.Of course, the use of the Internet isn the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is

47、not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty mig

48、ht well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didnthe capital to do so. And that is why America Seconds Wave infrastructure - including roads, harbors, highways, ports a

49、nd so on - were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or any

50、where else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronicinfrastructure, the better off you re going to be. That doesnnandtmean lying dowbecoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does m

51、ean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.55. Digital divide is something _. A getting worse because of the InternetB the rich countries are responsible for C the world must guard againstD considered pos

52、itive today56. Governments attach importance to the Internet because it _. A offers economic potentialsB can bring foreign fundsC can soon wipe out world povertyD connects people all over the world57. The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of_.A providing financial

53、support overseasB preventing foreign capital s controlC building industrial infrastructureD accepting foreign investment58. It seems that now a country s economy depends much on _.A how well-developed it is electronicallyB whether it is prejudiced against immigrantsC whether it adopts America s industrial patternD how much control it has over foreign corporations Text 3Why do so many Americans distrust what they r