小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)詳細(xì)講解.ppt

1、The simple present tense 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),我的功能,1. 表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),I wash the dishes every day. You sometimes take a bus home. They usually have lunch at 11:30. He always gets up early. She is often late for school.,2. 表示表示客觀事實(shí),You are 13. He is a student. You study at Olympic Garden Middle School.,關(guān)鍵詞,always(總

2、是) usually(通常) often(經(jīng)常) sometimes(有時(shí)) hardly(幾乎不) rarely（很少） never(從不) every day(每天) every year(每年） all the time（所有時(shí)間） on Monday（在星期一） in January （在某月）,3. 表示永恒不變的真理；,The moon goes round the earth.,一. be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),be動(dòng)詞： 主語(yǔ) + be +其它,如：I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。 He is a boy.他是一個(gè)男孩。,am,is(單三）,are,肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be+其它 如

3、： He is a worker. You are thirteen. 否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be+ not+其它 如： He is not a worker. You arent thirteen. 一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它? 如： Is he a worker? Yes, he is./No, he isnt. Are you thirteen? Yes, I am ./No, I am not. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+其它? 如： What is he? What colour is that bird? How old are you? Where are they ?,2.

4、be 動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本句型,二. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),1、什么叫實(shí)義動(dòng)詞？ 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是指表示有具體意思的動(dòng)詞,也叫行為動(dòng)詞。 如: like(喜歡）, eat（吃）, live（居住）, have（有）, run（跑） 等等。 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞占英語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的絕大多數(shù)。,我們已學(xué)過(guò)的be 動(dòng)詞可譯成“是”，有時(shí)譯成“成為”，有時(shí)則沒(méi)有具體意思如： “She is tall.”這句譯成： “她很高”。故be 動(dòng)詞不屬于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。,2、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)侯有兩種形式：,動(dòng)詞原形；如: enjoy 第三人稱單數(shù)動(dòng)詞形式；如: enjoys,主語(yǔ) + (+其它)。,行為動(dòng)詞原形,行為動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)

5、第三人稱形式,如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ). He studies French.,哪些主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)?,一、人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。,He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起來(lái)像只貓。,二、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語(yǔ)；是第三人稱單數(shù)。,Han Mei looks like her mother. 韓梅看起來(lái)像她的母親 Beijing is in China. 北京在中國(guó)。 Uncle Wang often ma

6、kes cakes. 王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。,三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。,A panda is a shy animal. 熊貓是害羞的動(dòng)物。 This book is yellow. 這本書是黃色的。 That car is red. 那輛小汽車是紅色的。 The cat is black. 這只貓是黑色的。,3、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞形式變化規(guī)則,當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需變化. 動(dòng)詞單三的變化： 1、一般情況下，直接加s，如： reads, plays, works, makes 2、以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾，后

7、加es. 如： watches washes teaches 3、以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾,一般加es ,如：does, goes 4、“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，直接在詞尾加-s。 如：plays, says 5、輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞, 去y,加ies, 如：flies, studies 6、不規(guī)則變化 如：have-has,Exercise,sit_ swim_ go _ _ do _ make _ run _ write_ see_ _ cry_ study _ watch_ wash_ say_ play _ have_ take_,sits,swims,goes,does,makes,r

8、uns,writes,cries,_sees,studies,watches,washes,says_,plays,has_,takes,sits,1) 肯定句: 主語(yǔ)（I/We/You/They）+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他 如：I stay at home on Saturdays. They have sports every day. 主語(yǔ)（He/She/It）+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞單三形式+其他 如：He stays at home on Saturdays. Lucy has sports every day.,4、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本句型,2) 否定句： 主語(yǔ)（I/We/You/They）+

9、do+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 如：I dont stay at home on Saturdays. They dont have sports every day. 主語(yǔ)（He/She/It）+ does+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 如：He doesnt stay at home on Saturdays. Lucy doesnt have sports every day.,3) 一般疑問(wèn)句及其肯、否定回答： Do+主語(yǔ)（I/we/you/they）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？ 如：Do you stay at home on Saturdays? Yes,I do./No,I dont. Do th

10、ey have sports every day? Yes, they do./No, they dont. Does+主語(yǔ)（he/she/it）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？ 如：Does he stay at home on Saturdays? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt. Does Lucy have sports every day? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.,4) 特殊疑問(wèn)句： 疑問(wèn)詞+ do/does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？ 如： What do you want? What does she want? What time do you

11、have lunch? What time does she have lunch? What do you do? What does she do? How do you spell it? How does he spell it?,特殊疑問(wèn)句: 疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句? 直接回答，而不用yes 或no.,5.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型變換 1） I usually play football on Friday. 改為一般疑問(wèn)句: Do you usually play football on Friday? 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn): What do you usually do on Friday? 2）

12、 My father go to work by bike everyday. 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn): How does your father go to work everyday?,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （否定句）,在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，句中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can等）時(shí)，否定句在be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not。,例如,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （否定句）,1、I am a teacher.否：I am not a teacher. 2、He is a student.否： He is not a student. 3、You are a boy.否： You are not a boy. 4、I can swim.否：

13、 I can not（cant) swim.,變否定句,I am a good boy.,I am not a good boy.,變否定句,They are students.,They are not students.,變否定句,She can speak English.,She can not speak English.,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （否定句）,句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句在動(dòng)詞前加does not (doesnt),非單三時(shí)，否定句在動(dòng)詞前加do not（dont),例如,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （否定句）,1、I to school by bus. 否： I t

14、o school by bus. 2、He to school by bus. 否：He to school by bus.,go,dont go,goes,doesnt go,變否定句,I study English every day.,I dont study English every morning.,變否定句,She speaks Chinese well.,She doesnt speak Chinese well.,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （疑問(wèn)句）,句中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can提前，首字母變?yōu)榇髮?；some 變any,例如,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （一般疑問(wèn)句）,He is

15、a student. You are a boy. Is he a student？ Are you a boy？ I can swim. They are teachers. Can you swim？ Are they teacher？,Ben is my friend.,Is Ben your friend？,變一般疑問(wèn)句,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （疑問(wèn)句）,句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為非第三人稱單數(shù)，一般疑問(wèn)句在句首加do，句子中動(dòng)詞用原形。主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，一般疑問(wèn)句在句首加does，句子中原有動(dòng)詞用原形； Some變any.,例如,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) （一般疑問(wèn)句）,1、I to schoo

16、l by bus. 疑問(wèn)句： you to school by bus. 2、He to school by bus. 疑問(wèn)句： he to school by bus.,Does,go,goes,go,go,Do,We go to school every day.,Do you go to school every day?,變一般疑問(wèn)句,Nancy likes playing computer games.,Does Nancy like playing computer games?,變一般疑問(wèn)句,Ben wants some bread.,Does Ben want any brea

17、d？,變一般疑問(wèn)句,特殊疑問(wèn)句,地點(diǎn)：where 人：who 物：what 年齡：how old 價(jià)錢：how much 數(shù)量：how many,特殊疑問(wèn)句,有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：疑問(wèn)詞+be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其它,例如,特殊疑問(wèn)句,She can play piano. What can she play？ He is ten. How old is he？ He is at home. Where is he ？ Its 3 dollars. How much is it?,特殊疑問(wèn)句,沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：疑問(wèn)詞+do（does）+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它,例如,特殊疑問(wèn)句：

18、疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？,I like playing football. Jim eats some bread every morning. Lingling has lunch at home.,What do you like?,What does Jim eat every morning?,Where does Linging have lunch？,Do you like playing football?,Does Jim eat any bread every morning?,Does Lingling have lunch at home?,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí), 其一般現(xiàn)在

19、時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式有兩種第三人稱單數(shù)或原形。其否定句和疑問(wèn)句要借助于does或do來(lái)幫助構(gòu)成。,6. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法小結(jié),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),練習(xí),用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,1. He usually _ (have) lunch at home. 2. David and Tom usually _ (play) football after school. 3. We usually _ (make) model ships. 4. Nick usually _ (watch) TV on Monday.,has,play,make,watches,5. What _they usual

20、ly _ (do) on Saturdays? They usually _ (fly) kites. 6. _ your uncle_ (water) the flowers every day? 7. _ your parents_ (read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl usually _ (teach) us English on Sundays.,do,do,fly,Does,water,Do,read,teaches,9. What _you usually _ (do) after school? I usually _ (grow) f

21、lowers. 10. What _your mother usually _ (do) on Sundays? She usually _ (do) housework at home . 11. _ Mike _(have) any hobbies? Yes, he _ . He _ (like) _ (cook). 12. They_ (have) the same hobby.,do,do,grow,does,do,does,Does,have,likes,have,cooking,does,13. My aunt _ (like) _ (read) newspapers every

22、evening . 14. What _Mike usually _ (do) on Sundays? He usually _ (help) Jane with her Maths . 15. What _Helen usually _ (do) on Sundays? She usually _ (clean) the desk .,cleans,do,does,helps,do,does,reading,likes,16. She _ (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _ (do) not like PE. He cant

23、 _(run ) fast. 18. The children usually _ (watch) TV in the evening.,goes,does,run,watch,19. Su Hai and Su Yang _ (have) eight subjects this term. 20. What _ she usually _ (do) in the evening? She usually _ (study) English.,studies,does,do,have,21.The girl is _ . She dances _ _ .(beautiful) 22. The

24、student _ (use) a computer to _(write) music. 23. I_ ( like ) making clothes, but he_ (do not like ). He _ ( like ) playing football.,beautiful,beautifully,uses,write,like,does not like,likes,24.We usually _( dance )and_( play )basketball after class. 25. Mikes_ ( hobby ) is _ draw ) pictures.,drawing,hobby,play,dance,二、改寫句子,1I want to play table tennis with Gao Shan. He _ to 2. I surf the Internet on Saturday evening. My father the 3. They study English , Maths Sc