高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)課件(1).ppt

1、Heres the thingWe started out friends It was cool, but it was all pretend Yeah yeah, since youve been gone Youre dedicated you took the time wasnt long till I called you mine Yeah yeah, since youve been gone,How come Id never heard you say I just wanna be with you Guess you never felt that way But s

2、ince youve been gone I can breathe for the first time Im so moving on Thanks to you Now I get what I want.,English Basic Tenses (八大時(shí)態(tài)),他昨天來(lái)了. 他已經(jīng)來(lái)了. 他明天來(lái). 漢語(yǔ)借助詞匯手段而非詞的形態(tài)變化來(lái)表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)生,而英語(yǔ)主要通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)變化來(lái)表現(xiàn).任何句子都要先注意時(shí)態(tài).,He came yesterday.,He has come.,He will come tomorrow.,一般過(guò)去時(shí) ( The Simple Past Tense ),一

3、般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ( The Simple Present tense,一般將來(lái)時(shí)( The Simple Future Tense ),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Present Continuous Tense),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Past Continuous Tense),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(The Present Perfect Tense),過(guò)去完成時(shí)(The Past Perfect Tense),過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(The Simple Past Future Tense),How is your daily life as a high school student?,(3 sentences or mo

4、re,使用實(shí)意動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞, 注意動(dòng)詞形式變化),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ( The Present Indefinite ) 1.結(jié)構(gòu): 主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),謂動(dòng)要變化,其余人稱(chēng)用原形.,I study hard every day and I get along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.,2. 用法: 1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如often/ usually, every, sometimes, at, on Sunday。,2)表示不受時(shí)間限制的科學(xué)事實(shí)或客觀真理。 The ea

5、rth moves around the sun.,3) 表示已安排或計(jì)劃好將來(lái)必定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 一般用于be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等動(dòng)詞中，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如： The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m.,How did you spend your childhood? (3 sentences or more,使用實(shí)意動(dòng)詞和系動(dòng)詞, 注意動(dòng)詞形式變化),Example: I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We

6、always _(play) football and basketball together and we _ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _ (be) happy at that time.,spent,played,didnt,were,一般過(guò)去時(shí) ( The Simple Past Tense ) 1.結(jié)構(gòu): 謂動(dòng)用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 2.用法: 在過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Pr

7、esent Continuous Tense),2. 用法： 1) 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情。 We are having English class now. 2) 表示目前這段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,但說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.,1.結(jié)構(gòu): be (am, are, is)+ doing,3) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作,多用于表示移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,如: come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay. I m leaving tomorrow. Are you stay

8、ing here till next week?,On August 8, 2008, the 29th Olimpic Games was opening in Beijing.,What were you doing on that day?,過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(The Past Continuous Tense),1. 結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were + doing 2. 用法:表示過(guò)去某時(shí)或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while,猶如,picture,How will you

9、 spend The 3rd holiday? I will Im going to,一般將來(lái)時(shí)( The Simple Future Tense ) will / be going to do,2. be +to do，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。 We are to have an exam this week.,3. be about to do, 表示馬上做某事, 不能與明確表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用. He is about to leave for Beijing.,Dad said to me, “I will buy a computer for you if you can pa

10、ss the exam.” Dad told me (that) he _ (buy) a computer for me if I could pass the exam.,would buy,.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(The past future simple Tense),1. 用法: 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中.,2.結(jié)構(gòu): Should / would+動(dòng)詞原形 The boy promised he would work hard. I told my parents I should return early.,2).其他形式 was

11、(were) going to was (were) to +動(dòng)詞原形 was (were) about to,English, boring or funny?,Q1: How old were you when you first started learning English? Q2: How long have you learnt English? A: We have learnt English for many years since we were 6 years old.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(The present Perfect Tense),1. 結(jié)構(gòu): have (has)

12、 +過(guò)去分詞 2.用法: 1). 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，一直延 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài), 通常用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞. 常與表示延續(xù)性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:so far, up to now, recently, in the past 6 years, since, for 等等,I have lived in Zhuhai for 3 years.,2).表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響 或結(jié)果,常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有: just ,already, yet, ever, never, once等等. We have finished our lunch already. Have you

13、 ever tried this method?,比較一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),1). 一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 不涉及對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,或強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的造成的影響。 My family lived in Zhuhai ten years ago. （現(xiàn)在不在了) My family have lived in Zhuhai for 10 years. (目前還在珠海),2). 過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與不確定的或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ). I studied in Zh

14、ongshan university in 2000. (2000年表示具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間） I have studied in Zhongshan university since 2000. (since 2000表示從2000年至今,包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)) I have just bought an apartment. (just表示不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）,注意：,非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間 的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù) 的。I have received his letter for a month. （錯(cuò)） I havent received his letter for

15、 almost a month. （對(duì)）,比較since和for,since +時(shí)間點(diǎn), 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間 for+ 時(shí)間段, 用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度。I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.,過(guò)去完成時(shí)(The past perfect Tense),結(jié)構(gòu): had + 過(guò)去分詞 概念：表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去-|-|-|- 過(guò)去之前 過(guò)去現(xiàn)在將來(lái),You graduated (畢業(yè)) from Junior Middle School in July 2009. You ha

16、d stayed there for 3 years when you graduated.,When the police arrived, the thieves _(run away). When I came into the classroom, my dear students _ (begin) reading.,had run away,had begun,Exercises I usually _ up at 6:00, but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30. (get) Listen! Someon

17、e _ (knock) at the door. I _ (be) in Beijing for two years. How often _ Andy _ (surf) the internet? He fell asleep while he _ (read) a book.,group competition,get,will get,got,is knocking,have been,does,surf,was reading,6. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before. 7. My brother often _ (go) for walks l

18、ast summer. 8. Lily said she _ (put) on the new dress the next day. 9. _ the story _ (happen) in London in 1949? 10. What _ his mother _ (do) when he opened the door?,have,heard,went,would put,Did,happen,was,doing,11. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, they _ (go) fishing. 12. _ your mother _ the piano ev

19、ery Sunday? (play) 13. They _ (not) call you the day after tomorrow. 14. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago. 15. By the time I _ (walk) into the classroom, the teacher _ (start) teaching.,doesnt rain,will go,Does,has worked,wont,walked,had started,play,Jenny Jenny _ (be) a foreign girl. She _ (c

20、ome) from the United States. Look, she _ (draw) pictures in the living room. Two years ago, her parents _ (move) to China. Jenny _ (not have) any friends, so she _ (feel) lonely. But now, she _ (have) many Chinese friends and _ (study) with them everyday. Jenny _ (visit) her grandparents in the Unit

21、ed States next month.,is,comes,is drawing,moved,didnt have,felt,has,studies,will visit,One good turn deserves another I _ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony _ (work) in a lawyers office years ago, but he _ (work) at a bank now. He _ (get) a good salary, but he always _ (bor

22、row) money from his friends and never _ (pay) it back. Tony _ (see) me and _ (come) and _ (sit) at the same table. He _ never _ (borrow) money from me. While he _ (eat), I _ (ask) him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he _ (give) me the money immediately. I have never borrowed any money from

23、 you, Tony said, so now you can pay for my dinner!,was having,worked,is working,asked,saw,came,has,sat,gave,was eating,borrows,gets,pays,borrowed,語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)； 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài) (voice),We watched a film last night. I drink milk everyday. A film _. Milk _. Summary (總結(jié)): is / w

24、as +done (p.p),Present/ past simple(一般現(xiàn)在/過(guò)去時(shí)),was watched by us last night,is drunk by me everyday,Will/ would be done 新電腦下周將投入使用。 The new computers will be used next week. 媽媽告訴我我的自行車(chē)明天去修。 My mother told me that my bike would be repaired the next day.,Present/ past future(一般將來(lái)時(shí)/ 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)),am/ is /are b

25、eing done was/ were being done 中國(guó)國(guó)家大劇院正在建設(shè)當(dāng)中。 The National Opera Building is being built at present.,Present/ past progressive (現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)/過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)),has/ have been done had been done 這個(gè)問(wèn)題已經(jīng)得到了圓滿的解決。 The problem has been well solved. 昨天晚上我到超市的時(shí)候，牛奶已經(jīng)賣(mài)完了。 The milk had been sold when I got to the supermarket l

26、ast night.,Present/ past perfect (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)/ 過(guò)去完成時(shí)),不及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 比較： rise是不及物動(dòng)詞；raise是及物動(dòng)詞。 The price has been risen.The price has risen. The price has raised. The price has been raised. The accident was happened last week.The accident happened last week.,(錯(cuò)),(對(duì)),(錯(cuò)),(對(duì)),(錯(cuò)),(對(duì)),要想正確地使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，就須注意哪些動(dòng)詞是

27、及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動(dòng)詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問(wèn)題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中多留意積累。,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): be( am/are/is) + p.p.( 過(guò)去分詞) 一般過(guò)去時(shí): be(was/ were) + p.p. 一般將來(lái)時(shí): will be + p.p. 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí): would be + p.p. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): be( am/are/is)+ being+ p.p. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí):be(was/ were )+ being+ p.p. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): have/ has+ been + p.p. 過(guò)去完成時(shí):had + been + p.p.,高中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大納中要求掌握的只有八

28、種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。另外現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和將來(lái)完成時(shí)也比較常用。,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài),時(shí)態(tài) 主動(dòng) 被動(dòng) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) do be( am/are/is) + done 一般過(guò)去時(shí) did be(was/ were) + done 一般將來(lái)時(shí) Will do will be + done 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) Would do would be + done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行 be( am/are/is)+doing be( am/are/is)+ being+ done 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) be(was/ were )+doing

29、be(was/ were )+ being+ done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/ has+ been +doing have/ has+ been + done 過(guò)去完成時(shí) had + been +doing had + been +done,Challenge yourself!,1、對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，關(guān)注很少。 Little attention was paid to this problem. 2、課堂上應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)小組討論。 Group discussion should be encouraged in class. 3、據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)，這里將修建一條新的馬路。 It is reported that

30、 a new road will be built here. 4、必須采取措施來(lái)防止河流受到污染。 Measures should be taken to stop the river from being polluted.,動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的一些典型用法,1. 在條件狀語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，主將從現(xiàn)。 The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she arrives. Can I join your club, Dad? You can when you get a bit older. H

31、undreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. He will work wherever he is wanted.,2. 語(yǔ)境中的過(guò)去時(shí)，往往表示“剛才，剛剛”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”。 Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something. Oh, how nice of you ! I never thought you were going to bring me a gift. Your phone number again? I didnt quite catch it. Nan

32、cy is not coming tonight. But she promised !,3. 用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 (也可用 “used to do”或 “would do” 代替)。 During the vacation I often swam/ would swim in the sea. I used to smoke.,4. 表示愿望、打算一類(lèi)的詞，如：hope, expect, mean, intend, want, think, suppose等，其過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。 I had hoped to see more of ShangHai.

33、 I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at the moment. I had thought you would come tomorrow.,5. 某些固定句式中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是固定的、約定俗成的。 It / This is the first time I have come here. It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake. It is / has been two months since I gave up smoking. It was ten years

34、 since we had had such a wonderful time. I was about to go out when the telephone rang. They were reading when Tom shouted in pain., Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down. It + be + 一段時(shí)間 + before 從句 It wont be long before he succeeds. ( = He will succeed soom.) It was te

35、n years before they met again. ( = They met again ten years later. ),高考對(duì)于進(jìn)行體的?？键c(diǎn), 一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作作為背景，被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷，長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作往往用進(jìn)行體，短動(dòng)作用一般體。如： My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office. Tom slipped into

36、 the house when no one was looking. As she was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep. The reporter said that the UFO was traveling east to west when he saw it., 表示動(dòng)作的未完性、暫時(shí)性。如： Have you moved into the new house ? Not yet. The rooms are being painted. I dont really work here; I am just helping ou

37、t until the new secretary arrives. Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it. Selecting a mobile phone for a personal use is not easy task because technology is changing so rapidly., 表示計(jì)劃、安排要做的事。如： Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida. I am tak

38、ing my mum. What were you doing when Tony phoned you ? I had just finished my work and was starting to take a shower., 表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)時(shí)發(fā)展中的或正在進(jìn)行的情況。 I dont think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space. I first met Lisa 3 years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. Is this raincoat yours ? No, mine is hanging there behind the door. Hey,