現(xiàn)在完成時的用法詳解英語.ppt

1、現(xiàn)在完成時與反義疑問句,現(xiàn)在完成時 用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去,但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成： 主語 + have (has) +v.過去分詞 + 其他. 主語 + havent / hasnt + v. 過去分詞+其他. -Have / Has +主語 + v. 過去分詞 + 其他？ -Yes, 主語+ have/ has. No, 主語 + havent/ hasnt.,現(xiàn)在完成時的句型？,用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型 1）It is the first / second time. that結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，

2、用現(xiàn)在完成時。 It is the first time that I have visited the city. It is the third time that the boy has been late.2）This is the that結(jié)構(gòu)，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時. This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。 This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。,現(xiàn)在完成時 1.表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 Ha

3、ve you read that story? 你讀過那個故事嗎？ （讀這一動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響為： 是否知道故事中的內(nèi)容） I have bought two apples. 我買了兩個蘋果。 （買這一動作發(fā)生在過去對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是：擁有兩個 蘋果） 在學(xué)習(xí)這一概念的同時，還應(yīng)注意常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)連 用的幾個副詞： already，just多用于肯定句中， yet，ever，never多用于疑問句和否定句中。 如： I have already finished my homework. 我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)。,1. He has just had supper. 他剛吃過晚飯。

4、 2. Have you ever sung this English song? 你曾唱過這首英文歌嗎？ 3.They havent done the homework yet. 他們還沒有做作業(yè)。 4. We have never seen a film. 我們從來沒有看過電影。 5. He has died. 他死了。,2.表示過去開始的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去； 常和表示從過去某一時刻起延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的一段時間狀語連用。如： They have lived here for ten years .他們住在這兒有十年了。 She has taught in th

5、is school since three years ago. 她從三年前開始就在這個學(xué)校教書。 We have known each other since we were very young. 我們從很小的時候就彼此認(rèn)識。 注意：用于這種用法中的動詞必須是表示連續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)的詞， 如：live、work、teach、study、stay、wait、know、be、have、learn、wear、walk、sleep等，這類動詞叫做“延續(xù)性動詞”。 英語中還有另一種動詞，如：buy、join、become、begin、fall、 come、go、hear、die、close、open、

6、leave、borrow、等， 它們只表示短暫的動作，不能表示一個延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，這類動詞 叫做“瞬間性動詞”，它們可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時， 但是不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。,短暫性動詞變延續(xù)性動詞： join - 2) come - 3) borrow - 4) buy - 5) arrive - 6) leave - 7) begin - 8) open - 9) close - 10) die -,be in / a,be in / at,keep,have,be,be away (from),be on,be open,be closed,be dead,_ adj.,_ adj.,這只狗死

7、了。 這只狗昨天死了。 這只狗一天前死了。 這只狗死了一天。,The dog has died. The dog died yesterday. The dog died a day ago. The dog has been dead for a day.,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,戲劇開始了。 戲劇半小時前開始了。 戲劇開始半個小時了。 我買了一臺電腦。 自從我來到這里就買了一臺電腦。,The play has begun. The play began half an hour ago. The play has been on for half an hour.,I have bou

8、ght a computer. I have had a computer since I came here.,典型例題(1) -Do you know our town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加從句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時，故選B。(2) -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here.A. even

9、, come B. even, have comeC. ever, come D. ever, have come 答案D. ever意為曾經(jīng)或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用于完成時。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，從句要用完成時。,1. I _ the way. I _ here for quite many years. A. knewhave lived B. knewlive C. knowhave lived D. knowliv

10、e 2. _ you ever _ America ? Yes, I have. A. Havegone to B. Havegone in C. Havebeen to D. Have been in 3. My brother _college for over three years. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been at 4. He _ the Army by the end of 1989. He _ in the army since then. A. joinedis B. has joinedhas been C. had j

11、oinedis D. had joined has been 5. _ you _ the text yet ? Yes, we _ it two hours ago. A. Didcopydid B. Havecopiedhave C. Havecopieddid D. Did copyhad,C,C,C,D,C,5. “Why _ she _ angry ?” “Because he _ at her just now .” A. didgetshouted B. hasgotshouted C. didgethas shouted 6. _you _ the film before ?

12、Where _ you _ it ? A. Have seendidsee B. Did seehaveseen C. Haveseenhaveseen 7. You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five. A. keptwaited B. have keptwaited C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited Where _ John _ ? To the library. He _ there for an hour. A. hasbeenhas gone B. hasgoneha

13、s been C. didgowent D. didbewent,A,A,D,B,A. 用 already 或 yet Have they taken down the old pictures _? No, not _. 2) Most of us have finished our compositions _. 3) He hasnt visited the museum_. B.用 since或 for 1) We have learned five lessons _ the beginning of this term. 2) Mrs Liao has been in hospit

14、al _ last week. 3) I have stayed at my aunts _ two weeks. I have been here _ 1999. They have kept the books _ one day. It has been cold _ two weeks ago. We have learnt a lot _ we came here.,yet,yet,already,yet,since,since,for,since,for,since,since,C. 用have gone或 have been Where are the boy students

15、? They _ to the school factory. Is your father in ? No, he _ to Shenzhen. _he ever _ there before ? Yes, he _ there several times 3) He asked me if I _ to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _ never _ to that city before. 4) My brother _the Great Wall three times .

16、 5) I want to return the book to Jack, but I cant find him. - He _ the library. You can find him there.,have gone,has gone to,Has been,has been,have been,have been,has been to,1) I _ a bike . I _ the bike a week ago . I _ the bike for a week .(買了) 2) He _ . He _ for two days . (死了) 3) She _. She _ f

17、or a day.(回來了) 4) The factory _. It _ for a year.(開辦了),have bought,bought,have had,has died,has been dead,has come back,has been back,has opened,has been open,反義疑問句,概念：表示說話人對所陳述的事情有所懷疑或者不肯定，想通過對方的回答來加以肯定或者是否定。 原則：前肯后否，前否后肯。不管問法，事實(shí)回答。 注意否定詞：few,little,never,hardly,nothing,nobody,1. There are few stud

18、ents in the classroom, _? 2. He has little money,_? 3. I have never seen this film,_? 4. There is nothing new in the newspaper,_? 5. He never got up late in the past,_? 6. She can hardly speak English,_? 7. Please listen to me, _? 8. Lets review Module 6 together,_?,反義疑問句的回答,1. You have seen this film, havent you? a.-_. How I wish to see it again. b.-_. How I wish to ! 2. Your brother doesnt get up early, does he? -_. But he gets up late on weekend