牛津譯林版8bunit7被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解與練習(xí)

1、8B被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解與練習(xí)一、概念：表示動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系的句子是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。二、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)口訣: 主變賓，賓變主，謂語(yǔ)變be done ,時(shí)不變,“be”要隨著主語(yǔ)變.三、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+be（is/am/are）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) People use knives for cutting things._ They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou._ They speak English in Canada._ They grow rice in S

2、outh China._ Peopleusemetal(金屬)formakingmachines._ Where do people plant the trees?_2. 一般過去時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+be（was/were）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Thewindblewdownthebigtreelastnight._ My sister took these photos on the Great Wall. _ They built many tall buildings in their hometown last year._ When did you invent t

3、he strange machine?_3. 一般將來時(shí)：主語(yǔ)+will+ be(不變形) +過去分詞done+其它或主語(yǔ)+be going to+ be(不變形) +過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) They will build another bridge in the city next year._ Will you hold a sports meeting in your school next Friday?_a sports meeting _in our school next Friday ? They are going to invite a lot of

4、 pop stars to the charity show this evening.A lot of pop stars _to the charity show this evening. We are not going to hold a parents meeting tomorrow.A parents meeting _tomorrow.4. 含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be（不變形）+過去分詞done+其它把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Amy can take good care of Tina._ Youcanfindalotofdifferencesbetweenthetwol

5、anguages._ Theyshouldcollectmoneyfortheproject._ Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays._ Wemustwatertheflowerseveryday.四、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意點(diǎn)：1.感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞等在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中后接不帶to動(dòng)詞不定式變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要加上“to” 即：-see/hear/notice sb. do sth.變?yōu)榱藄b. be seen/heard/noticed to do sth.-let/make/have sb. do sth.變?yōu)榱藄b. be let/made/had to do sth. 把下列句子

6、改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) The boss makes the workers work all day. _ I often hear her sing in the room. _ Isawhimenterthereading roomyesterdayafternoon._ Danielsawtheboyrunyesterday._2.常見變被動(dòng)的表達(dá)see sb. doing sb. be seen doinghear sb. doing sb. be heard doingwatch sb. doin sb. be watched doingnotice sb. doing sb. be not

7、iced doingtell sb. to do sb. be told to doask sb. to do sb. be asked to doinvited sb. to do sb. be invited to do把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) We saw them playing soccer over there._ He asked me to buy some sugar._3.含有雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)(sb)+直接賓語(yǔ)(sth)主語(yǔ)(sb) +be done+直接賓語(yǔ)(sth)+by sb主語(yǔ)(sth) +be done+to/for+間接賓語(yǔ)(sb)+by

8、 sb把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) We gave our teachers some flowers. Our teachers_Some flowers_ My mother will buy me a new coat. I _A new coat_ LilysentmeaNewYearcardlastweek.I _A new card _4.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中“動(dòng)詞+介詞”或“動(dòng)詞+副詞”的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉。要整體搬遷。把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) They look after the girl well._ He often laughs at the poor bo

9、y._五、幾種不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況：1.不及物動(dòng)詞（vi）沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài), 直接用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義。如：happen, cost, die, fall ,start/begin, rise, appear, disappear,etc.用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞翻譯句子這臺(tái)電腦花了我5000元。(cost)_昨天他發(fā)生了一起事故。(happen) _他爺爺3年前去世了。(die)_2.一些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞，沒有被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu), 直接用主動(dòng)形式來表示被動(dòng)意義。如： take place, set out, come true, break out, break down, come out, belong

10、 to 等用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞翻譯句子 我校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在下周舉辦。(take place)_我的自行車壞了。（break down 完成時(shí)）_I hope that your dream _ (come ) true in the future.3.系動(dòng)詞（linking V）沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（seem, look, become, get, grow, turn, remain, stay, sound, feel, smell, taste等）用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞翻譯句子這食物嘗起來味道很好。(taste) _他的主意聽起來不錯(cuò)。(sound) _她的新裙子摸起來很柔軟。(feel) _4.有些動(dòng)詞既是及物

11、又是不及物，當(dāng)他們與well, badly, easily等副詞連用時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能，無(wú)被動(dòng)形式。 常見的動(dòng)詞有read/write/draw/sell/wash/cook/clean等用括號(hào)所給動(dòng)詞翻譯句子書很好賣。(sell) _區(qū)別：書在這家商店被賣出。_這筆寫起來很順滑。(write，smoothly) _這衣服很好洗。(wash) _六、綜合練習(xí)A.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。 (請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面)1.Itssaid(據(jù)說)thatthelongbridge_（build）intwomonths2.Whichlanguage_themostwidely_（spea

12、k）intheworld？3.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees_（cut）down4.Thestudents_often_(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.5.Theoldmanisill.He_(mustsend)tothehospital.6.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_(sell)inthisshop.7.What_knives_(make)of?They_(make)ofmetal(金屬)andwood.8.Canthemagazine_(take)outofthelibrary?9.Theroom_

13、(clean)bymeeveryday.10.Thestarscant_(see)inthedaytime.11.Theflowers_(water)byLiMingyesterday.12.Thiskindofshoes_(sell)well.13.Howlong_youruncle_(be)inthecity?14.Thefood_(smell)delicious.15.Look!Someone_(dance).B.按要求改寫下列句子，一空一詞。1.IsteagrowninSouthChina？（改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）_people_teainSouthChina？2.Iamgivenabirthdaypresentbymyparentseveryyear（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）Abirthdaypresent_bymyparentseveryyear3.Theworkisgoingtobefinishedintwodays.(對(duì)劃線提問)How_theworkgoingtobefinished?4.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))AnEnglishsong_bythechildren.5.Peopleusemetalformaki