人教版高一英語模塊一unit1 the attributive clause 2定語從句2導(dǎo)學(xué)案（無答案）

定語從句 課題名稱定語從句2 授課教師：教學(xué)目標掌握關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別；掌握定語從句中關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法教學(xué)重點教學(xué)難點關(guān)系代詞&關(guān)系副詞的選擇設(shè)計意圖通過翻譯句子掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu)教學(xué)過程由關(guān)系副詞（when/where/why）引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞可替代的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，如果在從句中作狀語，此時要選擇關(guān)系副詞。此時，關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配)考點一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞1、定語從句中謂語動詞為及物動詞。確定是否_主語和賓語都齊全_。如_齊全_，證明從句中不缺主語和賓語，所以，用關(guān)系副詞，即先行詞在從句中作狀語。用什么關(guān)系副詞看_先行詞_。例：I will never forget the day when I met my favorite star. 主句：I will never forget the day。我永遠不會忘記那一天。 從句：I met my favorite star on the day.我在那一天見到了我最喜歡的明星。 =I will never forget the day on which I met my favorite star.對比：I will never forget the days which/that we spent together. 主句：I will never forget the days。我永遠不會忘記那些天。 從句：We spent the days together.我們一起度過那些天。（the days在從句中作賓語）I will never forget the days (_ I stayed with you).Jurassic Park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps different Kinds of dinosaurs).1958 was the year _ (Spielberg made his first real film).Please give me the reason _ (you made such a great success).Morning is the best time _ (you practise reading aloud).Do you remember the lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.）2、 定語從句中謂語動詞為不及物動詞。若從句無_主語_，則用_關(guān)系代詞_；若有主語，則用_關(guān)系副詞_，即先行詞在從句中作狀語。例1：This was the time when he arrived.解析： 主句：This was the time.這就是那個時間。 從句：He arrived at the time.他在那個時間到達。（the time在從句作狀語） =This was the time at which he arrived.例2：This is the factory where he works. 主句：This is the factory。這就是那家工廠。 從句：He works in the factory.他在那家工廠上班。（the factory在從句中作狀語）=This is the factory in which he works.對比：This is the factory that my father built last year.主句：This is the factory。這就是那家工廠。從句：My father built the factory last year.我爸爸去年建了這家工廠(the factory在從句中作賓語)Yesterday we went to visit the house _ (the great writer used to live).The house _ (they built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.My father was born in the year _ (the Second World War broke out).3、如定語從句中先行詞是時間、地點名詞，且謂語結(jié)構(gòu)是 被動結(jié)構(gòu) ，有主語 ，則用_關(guān)系副詞_。Kunming is a beautiful place _ (flowers are seen all the year round).October 1st is the day _ (new China was founded).4. why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. =Nobody knows the reason for which he is often late for school.注意：關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, 的含義相當于“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+which“結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例：I will never forget the day on which I met my favorite star.【when】Nanjing is the place in which I was born.【where】Is this the reason for which he refused our offer?【why】注意：當先行詞為point, situation, case，stage時定語從句可用where引導(dǎo)1. The media can draw attention to situation where help is needed.2.We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights.3.Today, well discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.4.We are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.考點二：that和which的選擇(1) that指物時一般可以與which互換，但在下列情況引導(dǎo)詞只用that，不用which。當先行詞為_everything,anything,nothing(something),all,none,few,little,some等不定代詞_時。All _ can be done has been done.I am sure she has something _ you can borrow.There is little _ the enemy can do besides surrender. 先行詞被_every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代詞修飾時。Ive read all the books _ you gave me.先行詞是_形容詞最高級修飾或被序數(shù)詞修飾_時。This is the best book _ Ive ever read.This is the first composition _ he has written in English.先行詞被_thevery,theonly修飾_修飾時。That white flower is the only one _ I really like.This is the very book _ I want to find. 當有_人又有物_時，這個定語從句要用that而不用who (whom)和which引導(dǎo)。He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.先行詞是疑問詞_who,which等疑問代詞_時，定語從句用that而不用who, (whom)和which引導(dǎo)。Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?What that is on the table belongs to me? 當關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_表語_時。Mary is no longer the girl _ she used to be.China is no longer the country _ it used to be.（2）不能用that的情況：非限定性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞可用which/who/whom，which/whom可用于介詞后，其先行詞可是_一個詞_,也可是_整個主句或主句的一部分_。1 She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. It考點三：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句1、 如果定語放主句后，即可用_as也可用which_.He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural.She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is.Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said before.2、如果從句在主句前，這時_as_引導(dǎo)定語從句。_we all know, his parents were killed in the war._we all know, the earth is round.3.用于_the sameas,suchas，asas, soas_中，一般用as。Such books _ you tell me are interesting.This is the same book _ I lent you yesterday.Here is so big a stone _ no man can lift.4. as在從句中作主語時，后面常接行為動詞的被動語態(tài)，如be known，be said，be reported等，如從句中行為動詞是主動語態(tài)，一般要用which作主語。e.g. She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.5. 如果從句的內(nèi)容對主句內(nèi)容起著消極作用，或者說導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，則用which. He came back late, which made his mother worried.注意：當主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時，關(guān)系詞往往只用which。如： Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.湯姆老是遲到，這使得老師很惱6.以theway為先行詞的限制性定語從句通常由inwhich或that引導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷浴Ｈ纾篢heway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.他回答這些問題的方式令人驚奇?？键c四：關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定1.根據(jù)從句中動詞與_先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系_。Is that the newspaper _ you often write articles?2. 根據(jù)從句中_動詞或形容詞_的習(xí)慣搭配。Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _ Im sure.3. 根據(jù)_先行詞與介詞_的搭配習(xí)慣。1949 was the year_ the P.R.C. was founded.4.非限制性定語從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用“_數(shù)詞/代詞 + of + 關(guān)系代詞_”的結(jié)構(gòu)。There are 50 students in our class, _ have been to Beijing.我們班有50個學(xué)生，三分之二去過北京。注意區(qū)別：The old man has three sons, two of whom are doctors.The old man has three sons and two of them are doctors.5. Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ the+n. +of +which或of +which+n.”型。They live in a house, the door _ opens to the south.=They live in a house, _ door opens to the south.Aof which B. whose C. which of D. which 6.關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可以用適當?shù)慕樵~+which來替代。如：when=_in/on/at+which_, where=_in/on/at+which_, why=_for+which_，介詞的位置非常靈活，有時放在_關(guān)系代詞之前_，有時放在_在動詞之后_。I wont forget the date _I was born.This is the room _ I lived. = This is the room _I lived in.I dont know the reason _ he hasnt come today.Tom still remembers the days _they lived in Tianjin.是否所有的介詞+關(guān)系代詞都能用關(guān)系副詞代替？The painting (_ I looked) was painted by me.The book (_ I heard) was written twenty years ago.The pen (_ she wrote that book) can now be seen in a museum.The film (_I fell asleep) was very boring.Kunming is a beautiful place _ (flowers are seen all the year round).I will never forget the day _ I first met you on the ship.結(jié)論 只有當_介詞+關(guān)系代詞_充當_地點狀語、時間狀語或原因狀語_時，才能用關(guān)系副詞代替。7. from where引導(dǎo)的特殊定語從句Sheclimbeduptothetopofthehill,fromwhereshecouldhaveagoodviewofthewhole town.她登上山頂，從那里她可以一覽全城風(fēng)光。劃線部分相當于,andfromonthetopofthehill或fromonthetopofwhich,不可變?yōu)閒romwhich，也可直接用where引導(dǎo)，但語義較為含糊，不如用fromwhere更加生動、形象、具體，且更符合英語語言習(xí)慣。8.當介詞與名詞、代詞構(gòu)成介詞短語時，可放到which前；若介詞與不及物動詞構(gòu)成固定搭配，則不可提前。Eg: This is the girl whom I have to take care of. This is the girl whom I want to watch a movie with. =This is the girl with whom I want to watch a movie.關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語（主謂賓齊全）實例展示 Do you still remember the days when we stayed together ? This is the place where he had a good time. I dont know the reason why he wont join us . The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.仿寫練習(xí)1. 我永遠不會忘記我入團的那一天。（when / on which ）_2. 他傷心的原因是他輸了比賽。（reason）_3. 他說他永遠不會忘記他們第一次見面的時刻。（the moment）_4. 我們上到屋頂，從那里我們可以欣賞到這個城市的美景。（where , have a good view of ）_5. 你現(xiàn)在面臨的情形是必須馬上作決定。（situation）_6. 我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步。 （point）_7. 他解釋給我們聽的那種方法很簡單。（the way）_ 8.這就是她曾經(jīng)上學(xué)的地方。 _.9.我永遠也不會忘記第一次見到她的那一天。 _10.我永遠也不會忘記我們一起度過的那些天。 _. 11.這就是我們曾經(jīng)工作的地方。 _.12.這就是我們曾經(jīng)參觀過的地方。 _.13.這就是孩子經(jīng)常來玩耍的公園。 _.14.這個座位永遠屬于她。_.只能用that 引導(dǎo)的定語從句實例展示 I am sure she was something （that）you can borrow. This is the first book (that )he has read. This is the very book that belongs to him . We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools(that)we had visited there . Who that broke the window will be punished. Nanchang is not the city that it was .仿寫練習(xí)1. 我讀完了你借給我的書。（all ）_2. 他在中國參觀的第一個博物館是歷史博物館。（the first）_3. 他不再是以前的他了。（used to be ）_4. 我們老師昨天談到的那個著名作家和他的作品引起了學(xué)生極大的興趣。（arouse great interest among）_只能用which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句實例展示 I love the house around which there are many flowers. Football , which is a very popular game , is played all over the world .仿寫練習(xí)1. 外面有一棵很大的樹，下面站著我們的老師。（介詞+which ）_2. 他給了我?guī)妆疚也惶煜さ男≌f。（介詞+which ）_3. 媽媽給我買了臺電腦作為生日禮物，這正是我所渴望的。（which ， long for ）_4. 他考試沒及格，這是自然而然的事情。（which 指代前面整句話的內(nèi)容）_As 引導(dǎo)的定語從句實例展示 Here are so many questions as are asked by the girls . I have never seen such a kind of girl as she is . Ill do the exercises the same way as he does. Take as many jewels as you want . As is known to us , the earth travels around the sun.仿寫練習(xí)1. 這是大家都喜歡的很有趣的一本書_2. 掌握一門外語很有用，這是大家公認的。_3. 像往常一樣，杰克獲得了一等獎。（as often happens）_4. 你能想象他有多勤奮，他就有多勤奮。_As常用短語實例展示As everybody can see 正如所有人都知道的那樣As can be seen 正如大家所知道的那樣As is known to all 眾所周知As has been said before 正如以前所說的那樣As is often said 正如常說的那樣As we expected 正如我們所期盼的一樣As is reported據(jù)報道含定語從句的常用諺語實例展示He laughs best who laughs last. 誰笑到最后，誰笑得最好。He who makes no mistakes makes nothing 從不犯錯的人一事無成。All is not gold that glitters. 閃閃發(fā)光者，未必皆黃金。God helps those who help themselves 自助者天助。Opportunity and luck always shows appreciation for those who are bold in struggling機遇和幸運總是垂青勇于奮斗的人。強化訓(xùn)練1. 組句：將下面句子連成一句話1. A plane is a machine. The machine can fly_2. The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday._3. He was talking with a lady. Her son was ill._4. The clothes have been cleaned. Im wearing them._5. He is sitting in a chair. It is broken._6. She is a person. Everyone likes to make friends with her._7. This teacher is liked by all the students. I work with her son._2. 改錯（1）Anyone who break the law will be punished._（2）The house in where he lives needs repairing._（3）I still remember the day when we spent together._3. 句子辨析：在空格處填上適當?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞1, As a teacher, I never give students so difficult a question _ they cant work out. As a teacher, I never give students so difficult a question _ they cant work it out.2, _ is known to all, the earth is round. _is known to all that the earth is round.3. Ill remember the day _ we spent together. Ill remember the day_ we stayed together.4. This is the station _ was built last year. This is the station _ we saw Tom off.5. This is the reason _ he explained for his being late. This is the reason _ she was late.4. 翻譯下列句子1. 她就是那個女孩，她父親是我國著名的科學(xué)家。_2. 我要買一本在英語學(xué)習(xí)上對我有幫助的書。_3.手機是一種能幫助人們相互溝通的儀器。_4. 這是我們在閱讀中經(jīng)常碰到的單詞之一。_5. 我今天下午4點來看你，那時候我有空。_6. 這就是我們要看那場精彩電影的現(xiàn)代化影院。_7. 他有兩個兄弟，對我們都很好。_8. 他是我們村唯一不喜歡工作的村民。_9.不到長城非好漢。（he who -）_10.兩個島中較大的是不列顛島，位于愛爾蘭島的東面。（which）_11.我喜歡窗子朝南的房子。（of which ）_12.他有三個兒子，他們當中沒有一個是醫(yī)生。（of whom）_5. 話題運用根據(jù)下列內(nèi)容，運用定語從句寫一篇5句話的文章介紹中國。根據(jù)下列內(nèi)容，運用定語從句寫一篇5句話的文章介紹中國。1. 眾所周知，中國有960萬平方公里的土地，是世界第三大國。2. 中國有56個民族(nationality)，其中漢族（Han Ethnic）人占(account for)94%3. 中國有很多大河流，其中長江和黃河是最重要的河流。4. 曾有一段時間，中國的經(jīng)濟落后于世界很多國家。5. 隨著經(jīng)濟的增長，中國人被歧視的日子一去不復(fù)返，所有中國人都為此感到自豪。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _課堂練習(xí)一、選擇填空1. Look at that lady name is Pochi.A. who B. whose C. whom D. that2. He is a teacher I like very much.A. whos B. whose C. / D. which3. Those pictures were drawn by Tom are nice. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which4. Those will go to the park stay here.A. who B. that C. whom D. whose5.The girl could sing well went to Europe.A. who B. whose C. whom D. Which6. The woman came yesterday is my mother. A.who B. whom C. whose D. which7. Is the American film you have seen interesting? A. who B. whom C. that D. when8.Have you found the bike was lost? A. which B. whose C. when D. where9. That was all the money I had.A. which B. that C. whose D. whom10. Tom is the first boy left the room. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose11. This is the biggest ship Ive ever seen.A. who B. whom C. that D. whose12. You can read any book I have.A. who B. whom C. that D. whose13. This is all she said about itA. who B. whom C. what D. that14. Look at the boy and his dog are coming this way.A. who B. which C. that D. whom15. I like swimming, is a very good sport.A. which B. that C. as D. who16. everybody knows, swimming is a very good sport.A. Which B. That C. As D. Who17. They selected Tom, they liked, as captain.A. which B. that C. whose D. whom18. That was the year I went to America.A. when B. where C. that D. which19. We came to the town, we stayed for 2 days.A. when B. where C. that D. which20. This is the reason I came here.A. when B. that C. why D. which二、用適當?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him.2. She wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class.3. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.4. Is this the place _ your father once lived?5. Ill never forget the days _ I joined the League.課后作業(yè)A組（that which)1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _ is standing there?4) Her bag, in _ she put all