2020版高考英語一輪復習Unit11TheMedia能力提升題組訓練（B）（含解析）北師大版.docx

Unit 11 The Media能力提升題組訓練(B).閱讀理解AUp to now,nobody has been able to understand chimp behavior better than Jane Goodall.Since her childhood, she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa.“All through my childhood people said you couldnt go to Africa.Youre a girl.But my mother used to say,if you really want to,theres nothing you cant do.” Goodall said.In 1957,the 26-year-old Goodall went to Kenya to work as a secretary.She also arranged to meet the famous scientist Louis Leakey,who was so impressed by her enthusiasm that he hired her as his assistant.She went with him on many trips to the African jungle and in 1960 Leakey sent Goodall to live among chimpanzees in a remote animal preserve,recording the animals behavior and interactions.For three months Goodall made little progress.But she said,“I never came close to giving up.” Her breakthrough came one day when she saw a male chimpanzee stick a piece of grass into a termite (白蟻) hill,then put the grass in his mouth.Afterwards she came to the hill and did the same.Pulling the grass out,she discovered dozens of termites on it.The discovery that some animals use tools was unknown to most scientists at the time.Goodall saw chimpanzees exhibit human-like emotions,such as jealousy and love.But she also discovered they were capable of violent attacks against each other.Goodall received her PhD in the study of animal behavior at Englands Cambridge University.Now she travels around the globe raising money to preserve wildlife.“I love being in the forest with the chimpanzees,” she said.“Id much rather be there than travel around from city to city.”1.What was Goodalls childhood dream?A.She dreamed of going to college.B.She dreamed of traveling all around the world.C.She dreamed of becoming a famous scientist. D.She dreamed of studying animals in Africa.2.What did Goodalls mother think of her dream?A.As a girl she should not go to the African jungle.B.Her dream would remain a dream unless she got the right training.C.As a girl she should stay away from violent animals.D.She could make her dream come true if she was determined.3.What can we learn from the passage?A.One of Goodalls discoveries is that some animals use tools.B.Chimpanzees like attacking each other violently.C.Goodall had just about given herself up when she made a breakthrough.D.Termites are chimpanzees favorite food.4.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A.The Lives of ChimpsB.A Scholar of African WildlifeC.Janes BreakthroughD.The Connections between Chimps and Human Beings語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要介紹了一位到非洲研究動物習性的女科學家的故事。答案及剖析:1.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Since her childhood,she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa.”可知,Goodall童年時的夢想是在非洲研究動物。故選D。2.D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“But my mother used to say,if you really want to,theres nothing you cant do.”可知,Goodall的母親認為,如果Goodall下定決心做某事,沒有什么能阻擋她實現(xiàn)她的夢想,她會實現(xiàn)她的夢想的。故選D。3.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“The discovery that some animals use tools was unknown to most scientists at the time.”可知,Goodall在非洲的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一就是有些動物會使用工具。故選A。4.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可總結出,本文主要介紹了一位到非洲研究動物習性的女科學家的故事。B項意為“研究非洲野生動物的一位學者”,體現(xiàn)了本文核心,適合用作標題。B(2018東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體模擬)Try rubbing (摩擦) the tip of your finger backwards and forwards very quickly on your coat or a blanket.It should become hot.In cold weather we sometimes rub our hands together to make them warm.The rubbing of two together which causes heat is called “friction(摩擦力)”.In the same way,people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.This was a difficult way of making fire.Better ways were found by using flint(火石),but it was not until 1827 that the first matches were made in England.Chemists made up a mixture and put it on an end of a stick or match.The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus(磷),a chemical that bursts into flame when heated slightly.The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper,the friction easily set the phosphorus alight.These first matches could also be struck on other rough surfaces,including the leather sole(鞋底) of a shoe.At the time,everyone thought this was a wonderful invention.Unfortunately accidents happened.A whole box of matches would suddenly catch fire if it was heated.Imagine this happening to someone warming themselves by a fire with a box of matches in his or her pocket!Even loose matches in a handbag or pocket could rub together and catch fire.What was needed was a match that would only light if struck on a special surface.In 1852,the safety match was invented in Sweden.No phosphorus was used in the match headit was put on the outside of the matchbox instead.This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.5.Why did people use dried leaves or grass to pack another piece of wood?A.The leaves or grass is easy to be alight.B.The leaves or grass covered the wood well.C.The leaves or grass helped the air cause heat.D.The leaves or grass acted as the role of a match.6.What was the match made of in 1827?A.Leather soles,sandpaper and leaves.B.Wood,leather soles and sandpaper.C.Phosphorus,wood and sandpaper. D.Phosphorus,sandpaper and flint.7.If we used the safety match,we could see .A.loose matches could catch fire fiercelyB.phosphorus wasnt needed inside matchboxesC.there were matches and sandpaper in matchboxesD.the special surface containing sandpaper and phosphorus語篇解讀:本文是一篇說明文。介紹了火柴的發(fā)明過程。答案及剖析:5.A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“In the same way,people who lived in caves rubbed a piece of wood shaped like a pencil on another piece of wood with dried leaves or grass packed nearby.The heat set the leaves or grass alight.”可知,與天氣冷時人們摩擦取暖一樣,住山洞的人用干燥的樹葉和草是因為它們?nèi)菀c燃。6.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The mixture contained a small amount of phosphorus(磷).The other chemicals then caught fire and burned less fiercely until the wood was alight.By rubbing the end of the match on sandpaper.”可知,當時火柴中含有phosphorus,wood和sandpaper。7.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“This made it impossible for the match to light unless it was rubbed along the box on the special surface which contained sandpaper mixed with a little phosphorus.”可知,我們能看到火柴盒特制的表面上含砂紙和磷。.語法填空(2018江西師大附中、臨川一中聯(lián)考)The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential(典型的) than taking afternoon tea.We know the Brits have a love affair with drinking tea,1. more than 160 million cups drunk every day,but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea drink into 2. popular pastime.This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 3. (comfort) while nibbling(小口吃) on nice sandwiches,scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And,of course,it can only happen in the afternoon!Afternoon tea,which 4. (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the 1840s.It went on to become a 5. (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.Now there is a resurgence(復蘇) in its 6. (popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.7. it can be enjoyed at home,the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or caf.But if youre thinking of visiting such a place 8. (enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew,remember the rules you must follow to avoid 9. (ask) to leave.Writer Henry James once noted that“There are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”.Im sure once you 10. (try) it,you will agree.答案及剖析:1.with考查介詞。此處是with+賓語+過去分詞的用法, 作伴隨狀語。2.a考查冠詞。pastime“娛樂; 消遣”是可數(shù)名詞, 此處表示泛指, 且popular以輔音音素開頭, 所以前面要用不定冠詞fortably考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。drinking是動詞, 后面要用副詞comfortably修飾。4.was designed考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。Afternoon tea和design之間是被動關系, 再結合后面的“要追溯到19世紀40年代”可知,此處要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài),故填was designed。5.fashionable考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。occasion是名詞, 前面要用形容詞修飾, 所以此處填fashionable。6.popularity考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。its是形容詞性物主代詞, 后面要跟名詞popularity。7.Although/Though/While考查連接詞?！癷t can be enjoyed at home”和“the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or caf”在意思上是轉(zhuǎn)折關系, 所以此處要用表示讓步的Although/Though/While。8.to enjoy考查非謂語動詞。此處是動詞不定式表目的。9.being asked考查非謂語動詞。avoid后面跟v.-ing,此處應該是“避免被要求”, 所以要用being asked。10.have tried考查時態(tài)。句意:我相信一旦你(已經(jīng))嘗試了, 你就會贊成的。根據(jù)句意可知,“嘗試”的動作會產(chǎn)生“贊成”的結果, 所以這里用現(xiàn)在完成時。.短文改錯(2018合肥質(zhì)量檢測)I am one of the top students in my class who could speak English fluently and smoothly.Impressing with my English speaking skills,my classmates asked me introduce how I became fluent in English.Here are some tips on speaking English fluently.Firstly,use every opportunity in class to speak English.The more you speak,and the easier you will find speak English.Secondly,be confident with speaking English and dont worry about making mistakes.The most important thing is to express which you want to say.Finally,this is important to communicate your opinions as natural as possible.Use some communication skills while you are speaking.I do hope