中考英語動(dòng)詞不定式考點(diǎn)全攻略.doc

中考英語動(dòng)詞不定式考點(diǎn)全攻略 動(dòng)詞不定式歷來是中考英語命題的熱點(diǎn)之一。它是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨(dú)作句子的謂語。其構(gòu)成形式為（not）to+動(dòng)詞原形?？键c(diǎn)攻略一：動(dòng)詞不定式作主語1） 動(dòng)詞不定式直接用在主語位置：To see you is always a pleasure.2） 如果主語較長(zhǎng)，則可以用it作形式主語，而將真正的主語(不定式)置于后面。 It is +形容詞+(ofsb.) to dosth. 此處常用careless, clever, foolish, honest, kind, nice, rude, stupid, silly, wrong, wise等形容詞，與介詞of搭配，這些形容詞常表述不定式邏輯主語的屬性或性質(zhì)。Its brave of you to jump into the river to save the boy! It is +名詞或形容詞+ (forsb.)to dosth. 此處常用necessary, hard, difficult, easy,important, impossible等形容詞，與介詞for搭配，表示不定式的動(dòng)作或行為的性質(zhì)。It is our duty to keep our classroom clean. It is important for us to protect the environment.It takessb.some time to dosth. It usually takes us about two and a half hours to travel from Shanghai to Japan.考點(diǎn)攻略二：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語 其后常接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, plan, promise, manage, hope, wish, want, seem, refuse, fail等。I didnt expect to see you here.在某些復(fù)合賓語中，動(dòng)詞有find, consider, think, make, feel,常先用it代替不定式，作形式賓語，而把不定式放到后面去。I find it impossible to finish the task on time.考點(diǎn)攻略三：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)，即“動(dòng)詞+賓語+（not）to do sth.”，接不定式作賓補(bǔ)的常見動(dòng)詞有：advise, allow, ask, cause, expect, beg, encourage, get, help, invite, teach, order, remind, tell, want, wish, warn等。My parents always tell me not to be late for school. 考點(diǎn)攻略四：動(dòng)詞不定式作表語不定式作表語一般位于系動(dòng)詞之后，表示具體動(dòng)作，特別是表示將來的動(dòng)作；若主語是aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, wish等名詞，不定式作表語是對(duì)主語起補(bǔ)充說明作用。It is said that they are to visit China next month. My wish is to become a scientist like Einstein.考點(diǎn)攻略五：動(dòng)詞不定式作定語（常用于名詞之后）。由only, last, next,序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的名詞常用不定式做定語，Tom is always the first student to arrive at school. 注：動(dòng)詞不定式to后所接動(dòng)詞若是不及物動(dòng)詞，而不定式與其修飾的詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，此不定式后要加相應(yīng)的介詞。We havent decided which hotel to stay at. I need a pen to write with.考點(diǎn)攻略六：動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。如：To keep fit, students are advised to do morning exercises.so as to (不可用于句首使用)，in order to也可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語。I walked slowly on the icy road in order not to fall down. 考點(diǎn)攻略七：動(dòng)詞不定式與疑問詞連用。疑問代詞who, what, which和疑問副詞when, where, how等后加動(dòng)詞不定式，構(gòu)成不定式短語，可在句子中作主語、賓語、表語等成分。如：The problem is how to get there on time.注：當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞know，tell，forget，remember，learn，explain等后接疑問詞（連接代詞/副詞）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，且該從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí)，賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)換成“疑問詞（連接代詞/副詞）+不定式（短語）”形式。We dont know what we should do next.= We dont know what to do next.考點(diǎn)攻略八：動(dòng)詞不定式to 的省略情況1)、在有些使役動(dòng)詞及感官動(dòng)詞后可用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等,但在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，to不可省略。The teacher makes me rewrite the composition. 2)、在下列結(jié)構(gòu)后常用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式：had better, would rather, cannot help,等。Id better go now, or Ill miss the train. 3)、在why not結(jié)構(gòu)中，其后的動(dòng)詞不定式to要省略。如：Why not send those books back?自我測(cè)試I. Choose the best answer.1. You had better _ because you have to drive back home.A) not drinking B) not drink C) dont drink D) not to drink2. I cant tell you what she said. Ive promised _ it a secret. A) keep B) to keep C) keeping D) kept 3. Doctors warned people stay outdoors for a long time in foggy weather.A) not B) dont C) to not D) not to 4.-IwillgotoHarbinformysummervacation.Whataboutyou?-Ihaventdecidedwhere_.A) go B)went C)going D)togo5. Theboyisoftenheard inthemusicroom.Hesingsverywell.A) practisesingingB) topractisesingingC) practisedsinging D) practise to singII. Rewrite the following sentences as required.6. The girl didnt know where she could find her mother. (改成簡(jiǎn)單句） The girl didnt know where_ _ her mother.7. The man is so energetic that he can be our leader. (改為簡(jiǎn)單句) The man is energetic _ _ be our leader.8. You should memorize your password. Its very important. (合并為一句)Its very important for you _ your password.答案與解析：1.答案為B。had better后接動(dòng)詞原形，否定形式在had better后加not。2.答案為B。promise to do sth.答應(yīng)或許諾做某事。3.答案為D。warn sb. not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事。4.答案為D。此處考查的是疑問詞（連接代詞/副詞）+