2008-2009學年九年級英語復習講義—主謂一致.doc.doc

山東福瑞達生物科技有限公司主要致力于聚谷氨酸,納他霉素等產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)生產(chǎn)和銷售,歡迎光臨山東福瑞達生物科技有限公司!PBA護膚化妝品旗艦店官方網(wǎng)站在這里溫馨提示您天氣轉(zhuǎn)涼，請注意保暖哦，本站為您展現(xiàn)最權(quán)威的bb霜排行榜，向您提供最好的bb霜護膚品牌，pba品牌是您最佳的選擇！2008-2009學年九年級英語復習講義主謂一致【復習目標】掌握主謂一致的原則。掌握主謂一致應(yīng)注意的幾個問題?！菊n前準備】要求學生回憶有關(guān)主謂一致的具體應(yīng)用?！局R要點】一、主謂一致三原則主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。1、語法形式上的一致。主語為單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：主語為復數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。Tomisagoodstudent.Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.2.意義上一致。(1)主語形式雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復數(shù)，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。單數(shù)形式表示復數(shù)意義的詞有people,police,audience等。(2)主語形式為復數(shù)而意義上卻是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。形復意單(不可數(shù))的詞有：news,maths,physics等。3.就近原則。謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)取決于最靠近它的主語，如therebe句型或用連詞either.or.，neither.nor.,notonly.butalso等。二、主謂一致?？碱}型class,family,team,l等集合名詞作主語時，如果指整體，用單數(shù)；如果指每個成員，用復數(shù)。如:HisfamilyarewatchingTVinthesittingroom.Hisfamilyisverybig.LiMingsfamily_alargeone.Nowthewholefamily_watchingTV.AisisBareareCareisDisaretrousers,shoes,glasses,socks,stockings,scissors單獨作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，但當它們與apairof或pairsof連用時，謂語動詞與pair的數(shù)保持一致。如：Thepairofglassesfitsyouwell.Severalpairsofnewshoeshavebeensenttotheoldmen.3、名詞性物主代詞后的動詞單復數(shù)，取決于它所代替的是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)。如：ours(=OurParty)isagreatparty.Yourshoesareblack,mine(=myshoes)arebrown.There_apairofshoesunderthebed,theshoes_mine.AisareBisisCareisDareare主語表示事物的總稱，若指有生命的集合體，如“people，police等”則謂語動詞用復數(shù)。Thepolice_searchingthecityforthechief.AbeBareCisDhas當主語后面跟有with,togetherwith,like,but,except,besides,aswellas等引導的詞組時，其謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)按主語單、復數(shù)而定。如：MrGreentogetherwithhischildrengoestotheparkeverySunday.Johnwithhisuncle_goingtovisittheSummerPalacenextmonth.AareBisCwasDwereEveryonehere,includingchildrenandoldpeople,_inforsports.AgoBgoingCtogoDgoesthe+adj表示一類人，作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。如：Theoldaregoingtobelookedafterwell.Thepoor_alwaysdreaming_becomingrich.山東福瑞達生物科技有限公司主要致力于聚谷氨酸,納他霉素等產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)生產(chǎn)和銷售,歡迎光臨山東福瑞達生物科技有限公司!PBA護膚化妝品旗艦店官方網(wǎng)站在這里溫馨提示您天氣轉(zhuǎn)涼，請注意保暖哦，本站為您展現(xiàn)最權(quán)威的bb霜排行榜，向您提供最好的bb霜護膚品牌，pba品牌是您最佳的選擇！AareinBistoCisofDareofand連接并列主語、謂語動詞通常用復數(shù)，但如果指同個人，同一事物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，這時and后面的名詞無冠詞。如：Aspeakerandwriteriscomingtomorrow.(同一個人)Aspeakerandawriterarecomingtomorrow.(兩個人)由and或bothand連接的名詞做主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。（若連接的是不可數(shù)名詞謂語動詞也可以用復數(shù)形式）TomandMikearegoodfriends.BothcoffeeandbeerareonsaleintheshopBothLilyandLucy_tothepartyyesterday.AinvitedBwasinvitedChadinviteDwereinvitedJennyandherparents_goingtovisitthePalaceMuseumtomorrow.AisBareCamDbeEveryAandeveryB/EachAandeachB/NoAandnoB作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，其中A、B代表單數(shù)名詞。Noboyandnogirl_allowedtosmokeinthemiddleschool.AisBareChasDhaveThenumberof+.，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Anumberof+.，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，相當于alotof。如：Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis50.AnumberofstudentsarelearningJapanesenow.-Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?-_thestudentsinourschool_over2thousand.AThenumberof,isBThenumberof,areCAnumberof,isDAnumberof,areLook!There_playingwiththetouristsinYinheSquare.AareanumberofdeerBareanumberofdeersCisanumberofdeerDisanumberofdeers在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致Behindthehousearesometrees.There_manydifferentkindsoffoodintheshop.AareBisChasDhave-IwillgotoHainanforavisit.-_ASodoIBSoIdoCSowillIDSoIwill表示數(shù)量的oneandahalf后，名詞要用復數(shù)形式，但是其短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable.幾分之幾/halfof/partof/therestof+n/pron.作主語，謂語動詞由后面的n/pron決定。而oneof+n/pron作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Twothirdsofthebreadwaseaten._ofthem_leaguemembers.ATwofivesisBTwofifthsareCSecondfifthareCTwofiveareAboutonethirdofthem_menteachers.AhaveBhasCareDis不定代詞somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，Iseveryoneheretoday.Somethingiswrongwithhim.Nobodywasin.Nothing_differentintheworld,_it?AarearentBareareCisisntDisisListen!Someone_outside.山東福瑞達生物科技有限公司主要致力于聚谷氨酸,納他霉素等產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)生產(chǎn)和銷售,歡迎光臨山東福瑞達生物科技有限公司!PBA護膚化妝品旗艦店官方網(wǎng)站在這里溫馨提示您天氣轉(zhuǎn)涼，請注意保暖哦，本站為您展現(xiàn)最權(quán)威的bb霜排行榜，向您提供最好的bb霜護膚品牌，pba品牌是您最佳的選擇！AsingBsingsCissingingDaresinging表示時間，價格，重量，數(shù)目，長度，數(shù)學運算等的詞或短語作主語時，這些通常作一個整體概念，謂語用單數(shù)形式。例如：Twomonthsisalongholiday.Twentypoundsisntsoheavy.Tenmilesisntalongdistance.Fiveminusfourisone.Tenkilometres_way.AisquitealongBarequitelongCisaquitelongDarequitealong關(guān)系代詞who,that,which在定語從句中作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)與先行詞一致。如：Thosewhowanttogohavesignedtheirnameshere.由bothand連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；由or,eitheror，neithernor,notonlybutalso,notbut,連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動詞形式。EithermywifeorIamgoing。NeitheryounorI,noranyoneelseknowstheanswer.Notonlyyoubutalsoheisreadytoleave.如果either,each,neither作主語，則動詞為單數(shù)形式。Eachofushashislikesanddislikes.Neitherofthebooksisveryinteresting.用one,everyone,eachone,anyone,either,neither等+of+名詞復數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Everyoneofthestudentsisstudyinghard.Neitherofthegirlsispretty.Neitherofthetwobrothers_withtheirparents.AliveBarelivingCliketoliveDlives_ofushasanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.AEveryBBothCEachDAll不定式、動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。Toteachistolearn.PlayingwithfireisdangerousDoingeyeexercises_goodforyourhealth.AareBisChaveDhasTodesignnewmachines_hisjob.AisBareCdoesDdonone作主語指代不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，指代可數(shù)名詞時謂語動詞可以用單數(shù)也可以用復數(shù)。-Isthereanymilkinthecup?-No,thereisnone.Noneofthemhas/havearrivedNoneofmyclassmates_beentotheUSA.AhasBhaveChadDbothAandB.Itrainedheavilythismorning,but_ofmyclassmateswereawayfromschool.AneitherBnoneCallDboth由“akindof，thiskindof，manykindsof”以及由與kind意思相似的type，sort等構(gòu)成的短語作主語時，謂語動詞與of前的名詞保持一致。AkindofbirdshasbeendiscoveredbythemAnewtypeofmachines_onshownow.AisBareChasDhaveManykindsoffurniture_beingtransportedfromBeijingtoTianjin.AisBareChavingDwas【走出主謂一致的三大誤區(qū)】句子的核心是謂語動詞，謂語動詞的確定取決于主語。根據(jù)句子含義和結(jié)構(gòu)認準主語是掌握主謂一致的必要條件；弄清主謂一致的語言規(guī)則和習慣是掌握主謂一致的充分條件，要正確山東福瑞達生物科技有限公司主要致力于聚谷氨酸,納他霉素等產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)生產(chǎn)和銷售,歡迎光臨山東福瑞達生物科技有限公司!PBA護膚化妝品旗艦店官方網(wǎng)站在這里溫馨提示您天氣轉(zhuǎn)涼，請注意保暖哦，本站為您展現(xiàn)最權(quán)威的bb霜排行榜，向您提供最好的bb霜護膚品牌，pba品牌是您最佳的選擇！使用主謂一致，兩個條件缺一不可，但同學們往往會走入以下三大誤區(qū)。誤區(qū)一誤認主語1.倒裝句Betweenthetwobuildingsareabigtree.（）Betweenthetwobuildingsisabigtree.（）2.主語之后帶有介詞短語Thefruitlikeapples,orangesaregoodforourhealth.（）Thefruitlikeapples,orangesisgoodforourhealth.（）3.oneof.+名詞復數(shù)或復數(shù)代詞Therearetwentyboysinourclass.OneoftheboysarefromCanada.（）Therearetwentyboysinourclass.OneoftheboysisfromCanada.（）4.定語從句IlikethephotoswhichwastakeninBeijing.（）IlikethephotoswhichweretakeninBeijing.（）誤區(qū)二被主語的表象迷惑1.看似復數(shù)卻表單數(shù)概念Mathsaremyfavouritesubject.（）Mathsismyfavouritesubject.（）類似的有：physics，news，politics.2.看似單數(shù)卻表復數(shù)概念Thepoliceissearchingfortherobbers.（）Thepolicearesearchingfortherobbers.（）3.名