現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語3教案-Lesson one Your College Year.doc

Lesson one Your College Year教學(xué)目的：了解作者及相關(guān)的背景知識(shí) 通過對(duì)本文的學(xué)習(xí)，使學(xué)生對(duì)大學(xué)生活有一個(gè)全面、正確地認(rèn)識(shí)，全面了解自己，更好地適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活 掌握語言點(diǎn)教學(xué)重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn)： 重點(diǎn)對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的充分理解與掌握 難點(diǎn)幾個(gè)專業(yè)詞匯的理解“developmental changes”、“identity crisis”、“psychological independence”、“internalizing religious faith”教學(xué)內(nèi)容：1.作者及背景簡(jiǎn)介 2.課文講解及語言點(diǎn) 3.課堂討論 4.語法學(xué)習(xí)：the way sb doesd sth. Ways of expressing the object Determiners 5.練習(xí)及作業(yè)基本要求：1.學(xué)生在課前應(yīng)預(yù)習(xí)課文，并完成pre-class work 中的作業(yè) 2.通過課堂講解使學(xué)生理解文章內(nèi)容，并對(duì)自己的大學(xué)生活有一個(gè)清晰地認(rèn)識(shí) 3.認(rèn)真完成課后作業(yè)教學(xué)方法：加強(qiáng)互動(dòng)，通過提問了解學(xué)生的預(yù)習(xí)情況。以師生互動(dòng)方式講授課文，練習(xí)以學(xué)生為主，教師側(cè)重解決重點(diǎn)及檢查學(xué)生的完成情況。時(shí)間分配：8節(jié)課一個(gè)單元I. Introduction A. About the text This is a text about what students will experience in their “college years”. It is addressed to college students in the United States. But with some modifications, what the author says here will also make perfect sense to our students.College life is both exciting and frustrating experience. It is clear that young adulthood is an extremely important period in our life.Not everyone knows how to handle their sudden independence or freedom. There are also those who take their newly found independence to mean that they can do anything they want.B. About the author Dr. Bob Hartman is a childrens story-teller and part-time pastor. He was born in Pittsburgh, the United States, and moved to England in the summer of 2000.II. Warming-up exercises1. What are my goals for the college years?2. Do you find it easy to relate to the opposite sex? Do you agree with the author that stressful as it is, it is nevertheless one of the most important goals we must achieve during school years?III. Detailed study of the text1.（Para. 1）“Has it ever occurred to you that your professors and other school personnel have certain goals for your growth and maturity during your college years? Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood?”A. Draw the students attention to the difference between Chinese and English in expressing this idea: In Chinese, the subject is usually a personal pronoun, whereas in English, the anticipatory “it” is used.More examples: It never occurred to me that wealth could ruin a persons life. 我從來沒想到財(cái)富能毀滅一個(gè)人的一生。 It suddenly dawned on us that high savings rate may not be a good thing. 我們突然想到高的存款利率未必是件好事。 It gradually began to dawn on the economists that the problem was not overproduction, but under-consumption. 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到，問題不是生產(chǎn)過剩而是消費(fèi)過低。 B. developmental changes: This is a psychological term which refers to the physiological and behavioral changes throughout the lifespan.2.（Para. 2）During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoringto go through: to experience; to undergo; to suffer e.g.: The country has gone through too many wars. 這個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 I admire the way shes still so cheerful after all shes gone through. 我欽佩她經(jīng)歷了那么多苦難以后，仍然這樣精神愉快。Other meanings of this phrasal verb: I dont think this plan will go through the Security Council.（be accepted by）我認(rèn)為這個(gè)計(jì)劃不會(huì)在安理會(huì)通過。Have you gone through all your money already?（to use up; to finish）你已經(jīng)把所有的錢花光了嗎？Its too late to back out. We just have to go through with it.（to do it because you have promised or planned to do it, even though you are no longer sure you want to do it.）現(xiàn)在打退堂鼓太晚了，我們必須把它完成。Identity crisis: It refers to the difficulties, confusions and anxieties that you go through during adolescence when you are not sure who you really are and what your purpose in life is.to endeavor: vi （to-V）（fml or pomp）to try （正式或夸張）嘗試，企圖 e.g.: Ill endeavor to pay the bill as soon as possible. 我會(huì)盡快地設(shè)法付清賬單。 n. 努力，盡力。 e.g.: They couldnt do it, despite their best endeavor. 他們雖然盡了最大努力，但仍做不成。 The Climbing of the Mount Everest was an outstanding example of human endeavor. 攀登珠穆朗瑪峰是人類奮勇進(jìn)取的突出例證。 She made no/every endeavor to help us. 她（沒有）竭力幫助我們。3.（Para 2）It is important to know how people perceive themselves as well as how other people perceive them. perceive: v not in progressive form to notice or become aware of sth發(fā)覺，察覺到，意識(shí)到；to understand or think of sth. in a particular way；認(rèn)為，視為，理解為 e.g. He perceived a subtle change in her manner.perceive + that They perceived they were unwelcome and left.perceive + wh- We were unable to perceive where the problem layperceive + obj. + V-ing I perceived a small trickle of blood coming from the patients ear.perceive sb/ sth as This discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough in the field of medicine.perceptible adj that can be perceived, noticeable 可察覺到的, 可看見的 (imperceptible) perception n a. the action of perceiving (or perceptiveness) 感覺,知覺 b. the ability to perceive well; keen natural understanding洞察力,理解力 e.g a man of great perception 一個(gè)極有洞察力的人perceptive adj showing an unusual good ability to notice and understand 感覺靈敏的,有洞察力的 e.g. a perceptive woman/ perceptive comments一位洞察力強(qiáng)的女士/頗有見地的評(píng)論 4.（Para. 2）identity is determined by genetic endowment （what is inherited from parents）, shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events.Meaning: Who we are is determined by three things: First, our genes, or what our parents have given us, our legacy; second, environment, and third, luck or opportunities.Chance events: “Chance” here is an adjective, meaning “accidental”. e.g.: This chance meeting with the famous writer changed his whole life. 與這位著名作家的偶然邂逅改變了他的一生。 This medicine is said to be a chance discovery. 據(jù)說這種藥是偶然間發(fā)明的。5.（Para. 3）to be independent fromNotice the different prepositions used after “dependent” and “independent”: to be independent from（or of）but to be dependent on e.g.: Financially they are still dependent on their parents. 他們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)上仍然依賴他們的父母。 These banks are now completely independent of (from) each other. 現(xiàn)在這些銀行不依賴他人而各自獨(dú)立。6. (Para. 3) It may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education. “It”here refers to the word “struggle” in the previous sentence. “To heighten” means to become stronger or intensified. The whole sentence therefore means that if they choose to go to college to continue their education, they will face an even more serious struggle between the desire to be independent and the need of being dependent on the financial support of their parents.7. (Para. 4) What are the four distinct aspects?The four distinct aspects are functional independence, attitudinal independent, emotional independence, and freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.”8. (Para. 4) freedom from “excessive need for approval, closeness, togetherness, and emotional support in relation to the mother and father.”freedom (free) from sth.: no longer having sth. you do not want e.g. The most important freedom our people should have is the freedom from hunger. 我們的人民應(yīng)有的最重要的自由是遠(yuǎn)離饑餓。 An ideal society is one free from exploitation and oppression. 理想的社會(huì)是沒有剝削和壓迫的社會(huì)。 Within a month, the whole building is free from flies and mosquitoes. 這棟大樓一個(gè)月里沒有蒼蠅和蚊子。Note: Freedom from sth is different from freedom of sth. Compare: “We look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expressioneverywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way-everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear Anywhere in the world.” Franklin D. Roosevelt.9. (Para. 4) Fourth is freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.” Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong; they are also anxious because they are eager to please their parents; they sometimes feel unhappy because they think that their parents have not been fair to them; they feel that they are responsible to their parents for everything they do; they are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly; all these may make them angry with their parents or make them feel resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for the freedom from these.10. (Para. 4) to stand back: to consider about sth by a certain distance 置身于一定距離之外考慮事物 e.g.: You must stand back from day-to-day business to grasp the wider pattern of the events.11.(Para.7) He was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow. Meaning: He was beginning to realize that his world was becoming smaller and his choices fewer. “Narrow” here is used as a verb. More examples: We must try to narrow the difference in income between the rich and the poor without delay. This mighty river narrowed to a gorge of about 50 meters when it came to this place between the fountains. 12.(Para.7) people from a variety of ethnic backgrounds Meaning : people from many different races Today sociologists often prefer the word “ethnic” to “racial”, and “ethnic group” to “race”. There are differences of course. The Hans and the Tibetans are both Chinese, belonging to the same yellow race, but they belong to two ethnic groups.13.(Para.7) equal to to be equal to: to be just as good as e.g.: Many of our products are equal to the best in the world. 堪稱世界一流It is ridiculous to think one race is not equal to another because it has a different skin color.“equal” can also be used as verb. to equal: vt (not in progressive forms)不用進(jìn)行時(shí) (of a size or number) to be the same as (在大小或數(shù)量上) 等于，與相等 e.g.: X=Ymeans that X equals Y. X=Y就是指X等于Y。 The years sales figures up until October equals the figures for the whole of last year. 本年度到十月份的銷售數(shù)字就等于去年全年的銷售數(shù)字。 (in, as) to reach the same standard as 比得上，敵得過e.g.: None of us can equal her grace as a dancer.論跳舞，我們誰也比不上她的舞姿優(yōu)美。Their ignorance is only equaled by their stupidity.只有他們的愚蠢才可能與他們的無知不相上下。14.(Para.7) These religious, moral, and ethical values that are set during the college years often last a lifetime. Meaning: These values that are established during the college years often last a lifetime. It is believed that our character or basic moral principles are formulated during this period of time.15.(Para. 9) seeing the people from other countries in a different light. to see sth/sb in a certain light: to see sth/sb in a certain way e.g.: What he did made us see him in a new light. 他的所作所為讓我們對(duì)他有了新的看法。 After I took that course, I began to see the world in different light.學(xué)了那門課程之后，我開始用一種新的眼光看世界。 Note: “l(fā)ight” is a formal word, which refers to the way in which sth or sb appears or is regarded e.g.: The workers and the employees see the situation in a quite different light. 工人與雇主對(duì)形勢(shì)的看法大相徑庭。16.(Para.10) it is an experience that contributes to young adults growth and maturity. to contribute to: to help to cause sth to happen e.g.: These measures contributed greatly to the economic recovery of that country. 這些措施對(duì)那個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇起了很大作用。 What do you think are the main factors that contributed to the success of that company? 你認(rèn)為那個(gè)工廠成功的主要因素是什么？17. (Para.10)they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information .They are also finding or learning new ways of arranging, organizing, analyzing or understanding information. It implies that mere information is not scientific truth. Scientific truth requires the processing of information in college, students will learn new approaches, methods, and theories which will change many of their prejudices.IV. Discussion1. Do you agree with the author that young adults like college students are bound to go through an identity crisis? Have you had any identity crisis yourself or do you know anybody who has?2. Do developmental changes and identity crisis only occur to adolescents? How about younger children and elderly people? Can you elaborate?V. After-class homework1. Recite paragraphs 1, 9, and10.2. Memorize the new words.3. Finish all the exercises in the text book.Lesson Two Discovery of a Father教學(xué)目的：了解作者及其在文學(xué)史上的重要地位 掌握本文的語言點(diǎn)及一些有用的表達(dá)法 理解兒子的心里轉(zhuǎn)變過程，即兒子是怎樣由不解父親到理解父親的 通過對(duì)本課的學(xué)習(xí)使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到交流的重要性，只有通過交流，才能彌補(bǔ)代溝造成的隔閡；只有這樣才能加深與父母的親情。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)： 理解游泳對(duì)小男孩人生的重大影響，真正領(lǐng)悟那個(gè)情景中的象征意義及文中的深層含義教學(xué)內(nèi)容：1.作者簡(jiǎn)介 2.課文講解及語言點(diǎn) 3.課堂討論及內(nèi)容復(fù)述 4.語法學(xué)習(xí) grammatical functions of the participles(present & past) ; past tense; verb forms 5.練習(xí)及作業(yè)基本要求：1.學(xué)生在課前應(yīng)預(yù)習(xí)課文，并完成pre-class work 中的作業(yè) 2.通過課堂講解使學(xué)生理解文章內(nèi)容，并使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到交流在彌合代溝中的重要作用。 3.認(rèn)真完成課后作業(yè)教學(xué)方法：加強(qiáng)互動(dòng)，通過提問了解學(xué)生的預(yù)習(xí)情況。以師生互動(dòng)方式講授課文，練習(xí)以學(xué)生為主，教師側(cè)重解決重點(diǎn)及檢查學(xué)生的完成情況。時(shí)間分配：8節(jié)課一個(gè)單元I.IntroductionA.About the authorSherwood Anderson (18761941)Sherwood Andersons life was in a way archetypal of literary lives in modern America. He was born into a poor family in Camden, Ohio, the U.S. in 1876, but spent his formative years in the town of Clyde, Ohio, which inspired the setting of many of his stories. He worked as a laborer in 18961898, then served in the Spanish American War. He was the author of many stories and novels, and he was a major influence on a younger generation of important writers, including Faulkner, Hemingway, Wolfe, Steinbeck, and others, both through his writings and his acts of personal kindness. It was through his influence, for example, that the first books of both Faulkner and Hemingway were published.B.Organization of the Text The passage can be divided into two parts:The first part describes what the father looked like in the boys eyes: a stupid windbag, and even a clown. The second part describes the elimination of the generation gap between father and son on a wet night, thus the boy indeed discovered his father.II.Warming-up exercises1. 1. Do you agree that fathers often want their children to be what they themselves cannot be? What does the author mean when he says that it also works the other way?2. 2. What kind of a father did the author wish to have as a child? Did his father meet his requirements? How did he feel about his father at first? What qualities did his father have that made the author particularly unhappy? Give examples.3. How did the author as a child describe his father? Why did he think of him as foolish and ridiculous a windbag and a good-for-nothing? Was his father really showing off all the time? Why was he so popular among the villagers including the local celebrities? Why did the authors mother have no complaint about him?III. Detailed Study of the text 1. (Para.1) You hear it said that father want their sons to be what they feel they cannot themselves to be,but I tell you it also works the other way. The first part of the sentence normally means that fathers often want their sons to realize their unfulfilled dreams. Here however, it means that in a general way fathers want their sons to live up to their expectation. “But,” the author says, “.it also works the other way.” “ It is also true the other way around. Children have the same demand on their fathers” to work: to function, operate This sentence is rather complex in structure, involving the use of a “that” clause represented by the anticipatory “it” as part of the complex object of “hear. Within the “that” clause, there is another complex object of the verb “went”, and part of this the infinitive phrase “to be”, which contains another noun clause introduced by what”. Have the students analyze this sentence grammatically. 2.（Para.1）a flow of pride A continuous stream, movement, or supply of something. e.g During the tourist season, the flow of traffic usually doubles. 在旅游季節(jié)，交通流量通常成倍增長(zhǎng)。 Thanks to a steady flow of foreign capital they are able to expand their economy rapidly. 由于外資的穩(wěn)定流入，他們才能夠快速發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)。They know they are going to face a terrible flow of refugees if nothing is done to prevent this humanitarian disaster. 他們知道，如果不采取措施阻止這場(chǎng)人道主義災(zāi)難的發(fā)生，他們就會(huì)面臨一場(chǎng)可怕的難民潮。 3. (Para.2) .he was always showing off. Refresh the students memory of the use of continuous tenses to express strong approvalor disapproval. e.g He is always making fun of other people. I dont like that. 他總喜歡取笑別人。我不喜歡這樣。 He is embarrassing. He is always saying the wrong thing at the wrong time. 他這會(huì)兒感到局促不安。他總是在不恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候說些不該說的話。 She is a wonderful person. She is always helping others. 她是個(gè)非常好的人。她總喜歡幫助別人。 4. (Para.2) I didnt see how mother could stand it. Paraphrase: I didnt understand how mother could put up with this. to stand: usually in questions and negatives,一般用于疑問句和否定句； not in progressive forms 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí) to accept successfully or without undesirable results; bear 經(jīng)的起； 承受；忍受；忍耐 e.g.: This work will hardly stand close examination. 這件作品經(jīng)不起仔細(xì)的檢查。 I think the Prime Ministers decision will stand the text of time. 我認(rèn)為首相的決定將經(jīng)的起時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)。 He wants to marry me, but I cant stand the sight of him. 他想娶我，但我一看見他就討厭。 +V-ing I cant stand seeing children smoking. 我一看見孩子們吸煙就討厭。 +obj+v-ing I never could stand people tolling me