高考語法-冠詞.docx

專題一 冠詞I、重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)解析 冠詞是一種虛詞，放在名詞的前面，幫助說明名詞的含義 歷年高考試題對(duì)冠詞的考查涉及到冠詞的位置、不定冠詞、定冠詞、零冠詞及固定搭配中的冠詞等各個(gè)方面。下面我們以表格的形式對(duì)前四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行總結(jié)，1. 冠詞的位置 考點(diǎn) 示例1suchwhatmanyratherquite + a (n)+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞quite a small house2howhoweversotooasthatthis十形容詞+a(u)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞so nice a girl3 bothallhalftwicedouble + the +名詞twice the size of the room4 half a (n）或a half + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞Half an houra half hour2.不定冠詞 考點(diǎn) 示例 1 表示泛指，與any同義 A square has four sides 2 表示數(shù)量“一”，與one同義，但其數(shù)的概念不如one強(qiáng)烈 He will be back in a week 3 表示“相同的”，與the same同義 Birds of a feather flock together 4 表示“每一個(gè)”，與every，each，per同義 I visit my father once a month 5 表示“某一”，與a certain同義 A Mr Smith is waiting to see you 6 表示“像似的”，與one like同義 He is a Lei Feng in our class 7 用在某些物質(zhì)名詞前表示“一種、一陣、 一份、一場(chǎng)”等 We had a heavy rain last night8 用在某些抽象名詞前，使其具體化 You are a great help to your mother3. 定冠詞考點(diǎn)示例 1特指上文提到過的、談話雙方都清楚的、受定語修飾的人或物 There l met a foreigner and the foreigner helped me a lot. / Do you know the man standing by the window?2用于單數(shù)名詞前，指一類事物The lion is a wild animal.3用于樂器名稱前the violin / the piano 4用于世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前the sun/the earth/the world 5與某些形容詞連用表示一類人the rich / the young / the aged 6在字?jǐn)?shù)詞和最高級(jí)前the first one to come to schoolthe best student in our class7在江河湖海、山脈群島、海峽海岸的地名中The Changjiang River / the West Lake / the English Channel8在表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前、逢整十?dāng)?shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)前play (the) pianothe Brownsin the 1920s/9在表示國(guó)家的形容詞前，泛指該國(guó)的人民.the Chinese / the English 10用在一些習(xí)慣用語中in the morning / the day after tomorrow / the day before yesterday / the next year 4. 零冠詞 考點(diǎn) 示例1專用名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前China, America, Grade One, Class Two2名詞前已有this, that, my, your, some, any 等Go down this street.3當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)We are students./ I like reading stories.4成對(duì)名詞連用時(shí) day after dayface to face5在球類、棋類、學(xué)科、語言、三餐名詞前play basketballplay chesslike physics. speak Englishat lunch6在季節(jié)、月份、某些含Day的節(jié)假日、星期等名詞前Autumn is the best season in Beijing.in MayNew Years DayOn Sunday7在某些習(xí)慣用語中的名詞前At noonby busby telephone/ in bed, in time / go to bed / go to college5. 英語中含有冠詞的詞組辯析英語中有不少詞組，從形式看好象只有冠詞之差，而實(shí)際上卻是意義完全不同的新詞組。1. in front of 在（外）的前面 ; in the front of 在（內(nèi)）的前面 Theres a garden in front of the classroom. Theres a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 2. in charge of 掌管；負(fù)責(zé); in the charge of 在負(fù)責(zé)之下 An experienced worker is in charge of the project. The project is in the charge of an experienced worker. 3. at table 在用飯；吃飯時(shí); at the table 在桌旁 He seldom talks at table. They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 4. by day 白天；日間 ; by the day 按日計(jì) He works in an office by day. Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day. 5. take place 發(fā)生；舉行 ; take the place 代替；接替 When did this conversation take place? Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England. 6. in words 用言語 ; in a word 總之 Please express your thought in words. In a word, I dont trust you. 7. at times 有時(shí)；不時(shí) ; at a time 一次 I do feel a little nervous at times. Pass me the bricks two at a time. 8. little 少；不多的 ; a little 一些；一點(diǎn)點(diǎn) Hurry up, theres little time left. Dont hurry, you still have a little time. 9. few 很少；幾乎沒有的; a few 有些；幾個(gè) He is a man of few words. Only a few of the children can read. 10.a most interesting 非常有趣的 ; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容詞的最高級(jí)） This is a most interesting story. This is the most interesting story of the three. 11.a doctor and nurse 一位醫(yī)生兼護(hù)士 ; a doctor and a nurse 一位醫(yī)生和一位護(hù)士 A doctor and nurse is standing there. A doctor and a nurse are standing there. 12.A number of 許多；好些 ; the number of （的）數(shù)目 A number of students are in the classroom. The number of students in the classroom is forty. II、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練（一）用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空，不需要的劃“”.1.-Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? -Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you dont like _ music very much. But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday?3. - I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _ keyboard. - You shouldnt put drinks near _ computer.4. Of all _ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my fathers advice was _ most important one.5. According to _World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _ spread of AIDS. 6. For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living. 7. I think it really _ honor for me to speak here. 8. This lab used to be in _ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is _ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on _ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _ football. And I am sure he promises _ excellent footballer. 11 Dont lose heart. Please have _ second try.12 Those who are rich should help _ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by _ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by _ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without _ breakfast.16 John is _ university student from _ European country.17 Teachers play _ active and important part in building up students character.18 _ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _ light travels faster than _ sound.21 A tower is seen in _ distance.22In case of fire please press _ red button.23 Shenzhen has _ population of more than 10 million.24_ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in _ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was _ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is _ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _ better voice.30 Beijing is _ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really _ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.（二） 語法填空在括號(hào)中填入適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in whi