2014八年級英語下冊unit2-I‘ll-help-to-clean備課資料.doc

Unit 2 Ill help to clean。.備課資料能給你有所幫助Part One語言知識和目標(biāo)話題 志愿工作和慈善機構(gòu)重點詞匯Acheer/ ti /v .歡呼；喝彩 volunteer/ vlnt(r) /v .義務(wù)做；n.志愿者notice/nutis/n.公告牌；通告；布告 alone/ ln /adv.獨自；單獨 lonely/、lonely /adj.孤 獨 的 ；寂寞的 several/sevr l/pron.幾 個 ；數(shù) 個 ；一feeling/ fi:l /n.感 覺 ；感觸 satisfaction/stsfkn/n.滿 足 ；滿joy/ d/n.高興；owner/ n ( r)/n.物主；主人 w W w . x K b 1.c o Mjourney/ d3:ni/n .( 尤指長途）旅行；行程 sign/sain/n.標(biāo)志；信號 sick/sik/adj.生 病 的 ；有病的 raise/reiz/v .募 集 ；征集重點詞匯Brepair/rpe/v.修理；修補 fix/fiks/v 安裝；使固定 wheel/wi:l/n .車輪；輪子 letter/ let(r)/n.信 ；函 miss/mis/n.女 士 ；小姐 blind/blaind/a心瞎 的 ；失明的 deaf/ def/ad j .聾的 imagine/ mdn /v 想象；設(shè)想difficulty/difiklti/n .困 難 ；難題 open/ pn /v 開 ；打開 door/d: ( r) /n.門 carry/ kaeri/v .拿；提；杠 train/trein/v.訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn) excited/iksaitid/ adj.激動的；興奮training/ treini/n.訓(xùn) 練 ；培訓(xùn) kindness/ kaindnis/n.仁 慈 ；善良 clever/ klev ( r) /adj.聰明的；聰穎的understand/nd(r) stnd/u ( understood/ nd (r) stud/)理解;領(lǐng)會change/ tend / v 變化；改變disabled/diseibld/adj.喪失能力的；有殘疾的strong/ str /adj.強壯的；強健的 sir/s3:( r)/n.先生madam/msedam/n.夫人；女士重點詞組cheer up(使）變得更高興；振奮起來come up with想出make a plan/make plans 制訂計劃used to 曾經(jīng)；過去care for 照顧at the age of.在歲時come true 實現(xiàn)X|k | B| 1 . c|O |mput up 張貼put off 推遲be worried about 擔(dān)心fix up 修理be similar to 與相似give away 贈送；捐贈take after 像set up 建起；設(shè)立make a difference 有影響；有作用，because of 因為thank sb. for.因而感謝某人be interested in 對感興趣be good at擅長do well inon the phone通過電話work out產(chǎn)生結(jié)果重點句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.這個男孩可以在食品救濟站分發(fā)食物。2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清潔日離現(xiàn)在僅僅兩周的時間。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一家動物醫(yī)院當(dāng)志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年，她決定去參加一個課外閱讀項目的志愿者的選拔。5. . . . you can see in th e ir eyes that they re going ona different journey w ith each new book.從他們的眼睛里你可以看到他們正在進行每本不同的新書之旅。6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在動物醫(yī)院工作的計劃推遲到明年夏天。7. Most people today are only worried about gettinggood jobs to make lots of money.現(xiàn)在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙許多錢的好工作而著急。8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的幫助下，我才有可能擁有“幸運兒”。 xK b1.C omPart TwoSection A Students Who VolunteerUNIT 2 Fill in the blanksRead the article. What do Mario and Mary volunteer to do?Students Who VolunteerMario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School _ several hours each week to help others.Mario loves animals and wants to_ an animal doctor. He _ at an animal hospital _Saturday morning. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. “Its _ work,” he says,“but I want to learn more about how to _ _ animals. I get such a strong _of satisfaction when I see the animals _ _ and the look of joy on their owners faces.”Mary is a book _. She could read by herself at the age of four. Last year, she decided to try _for a volunteer after-school reading program.She still works there _a week to help kids learn to read. “The kids are sitting in ” the library, but you can see _ their eyes that they re going _ a different journey with each new book. _ here is a dream come true for me. I can do _ I love _ _and help others at the same time.”閱讀這篇文章。馬里奧和瑪麗自愿做什么事？Students Who Volunteer志愿者學(xué)生新- 課-標(biāo)-第 -一 - 網(wǎng)來自河畔高中的馬里奧格林和瑪麗布朗每周都會騰出幾個小時的時間來幫助他人。馬里奧喜歡動物，他想成為一名獸醫(yī)。他每周六早上都會在一家動物醫(yī)院做志愿者。馬里奧認為這會幫助他得到未來夢想的工作?！肮ぷ骱芷D苦，”他說：“但我想學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于照顧動 2a How do you usually thank someone who helps you? Discuss this with a partner.Skim the letter and answer the questions.1. Who wrote the letter to Miss Li? Why?2. What did Miss Li do?Dear Miss Li,Id like to thank you for _money to Animal Helpers. Im sure you know that this group _ _ _ to help disabled people like me. You helped to make _ possible for me _ _Lucky. Lucky makes a big _to my life. Let me tell you my story.What would it be like to be blind or deaf? Or imagine you cant walk or use your hands _. Most people would never think about this, but many people have these _. I cant use my arms or legs well, so normal things like show you how he helps me. Thank you again for _ my life.Best wishes,Ben Smith他帶回家了。我的狗叫“幸運” 對他而言是個好名字因為我覺得擁有他我很幸運。你看.因為你的好心，我才擁有了 一個“狗幫手！幸運”很聰明，懂得許多英語單詞。當(dāng)我給他發(fā)指令時，他能明白我的意思。 例如，我說： “幸運，把我的書拿過來，他馬上就做。幸運是一只很棒的枸。如果你喜歡，我可以寄一張他的照片給你，并給你展示他是如何幫助我的。再次感謝你改變 了我的生活。Best wishes，新- 課-標(biāo)-第 -一 - 網(wǎng)致以最美好的祝愿，Ben Smith 講解 feeling 感覺；感觸。它 為可數(shù)名詞，表示人的喜怒哀樂 或冷熱痛累等感受或感覺。 have a feeling that we are being followed.我有種正被人跟蹤的 感覺。 care for照料；服侍；關(guān)心。 We must care for each other and help each other.我們要互相 關(guān)心，互相幫助。延伸 care for a)喜歡；寵愛。 dont much care for that sort of man.我不太 喜歡那種人。b)尊重。do care for what he says.我對他的 話的確很尊重。 I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners，faces.” 句意： 當(dāng)我看到動物們（病情）漸好，看到它們主人臉上的喜悅表情時，我產(chǎn)生出那么一種極強的滿足感來。 此句中g(shù)et的兩次用法意義各不相同。第一個get的意思是“產(chǎn)生；形成”，為及物動 詞，常與feeling (感覺；情感），idea (想法；主意）等詞搭配使用。例如： Do you get the feeling that were not welcome here?你有這里不歡迎我們的感覺嗎？ How did you get such an idea? 你怎么會產(chǎn)生這樣一個想法？ 第二個get是系動詞，后接形容詞，表示體質(zhì)、情緒、天氣等方面的改變，通常譯作 “變得；變?yōu)椤?。例如?satisfaction n.滿足；滿意。 I have a feeling of satisfaction. 我有一種滿足感。延伸 a) satisfy v.(使）滿足/ 滿意。 It seems that no one can satisfy him.看起來好像無人能使他滿 意。b) satisfied adj.感到滿意 的。 Im satisfied at this result.我對這一結(jié)果很滿意。c) satisfying adj.令人滿意的。 His performance is satisfying this term.這學(xué)期他的表現(xiàn)令人 滿意。 w W w .X k b 1. c O m 2. She could read by herself at the age of four. 她在四歲時就能夠獨自看書 。 此句中“by+反身代詞” 表示“獨自地；獨立地” ，常與動詞或動詞短語連用，作句 子的方式狀語。再如： Children should learn to do things by themselves. 孩子們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)獨立做事。 3. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.在這里當(dāng)志愿者對我來說是夢想成真。 此句中a dream come true表示“夢想成為現(xiàn)實；夢想成真” ，是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu)。再如： I got the latest CD player as a birthday present yesterday. It was just a dream come true ! 昨天我收到了一份生日禮物，是那種最新的C D播放機，真是夢想成真了！3 I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces.當(dāng)我看到動物們（病情）漸好，看到主人臉上的喜悅表情時，我產(chǎn)生出那么一種極強的滿足感來.How did you get such an idea? 產(chǎn)生He got angry with me after that. 變得4 She could read by herself at the age of four.I could cook by獨自地 myself (when I was ten) at the age of ten 在。歲在時候.5 Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.在這里當(dāng)志愿者對我來說是夢想成真。I got the latest CD player as a birthday present yesterday. It was just a dream come true!昨天我收到了最新的CD播放器作為一份生日禮物，真是夢想成真了。以上是我的課件材料請鏈接百度文庫課件/view/c815174f02768e9951e73851?fr=prinReading Dear Miss Li, Id like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers. Im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. Lucky makes a big difference to my life. Let me tell you my story. I cant use my arms or legs well, so normal things like answering the telephone, opening and closing doors, or carrying things are difficult for me. Then one day last year, a friend of mine helped me out. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog. She also thought a dog might cheer me up. I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog. 5. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog. 她與“動物幫手” 組織聯(lián)系，試圖給我找一只經(jīng)過特殊訓(xùn)練的狗。 此處Animal Helpers大寫首字母，為專有名詞，指“動物幫手” 這一組織。若小寫， an animal helper則可指一只給人提供某種幫助的動物。 其他見frankymana課件U2全Part Three難句解讀1. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他們給我講過去的生活經(jīng)歷，講過去是什么樣子的。used to be在此表示過去一度存在但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)消失的某一特定的情形。作這一用法時，used to常與be, have, live, stay, like, lo ve等詞連用，表疋“曾；曾經(jīng)” ，例如：She used to be a ve ry close friend of mine.她曾是我十分貼心的一位朋友。I used to live in that city for the first twenty years of my life .我（一生）最初的 20 年曾生活在那座城市。usedto還可用來表示“過去常做某事，但現(xiàn)在不那樣了”。例如：He used to arrive late last year, but now he doesnt.他去年常常遲到，但現(xiàn)在不了 oD id you use to sing when you took a shower?你以前經(jīng)常在洗澡時唱歌嗎？2. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better andthe look of joy on their owners faces.當(dāng)我看到動物們（病情）漸好，看到它們主人臉上的喜悅表情時，我產(chǎn)生出那么一種極強的滿足感來。此句中g(shù)et的兩次用法意義各不相同。第一個get的意思是“產(chǎn)生；形成”，為及物動詞，常與feeling (感覺；情感），idea (想法；主意）等詞搭配使用。例如：Do you get the feeling that were not welcome here?你有這里不歡迎我們的感覺嗎？How did you get such an idea?你怎么會產(chǎn)生這樣一個想法？第二個get是系動詞，后接形容詞，表示體質(zhì)、情緒、天氣等方面的改變，通常譯作“變得；變?yōu)椤?。例如：He got angry w ith me after that.那之后他生起了我的氣。I t s getting hotter now.現(xiàn)在天氣變得熱起來了。3. She could read by herself at the age of four.她在四歲時就能夠獨自看書 r 。此句中“b y+反身代詞” 表示“獨自地；獨立地” ，常與動詞或動詞短語連用，作句子的方式狀語。再如：Children should learn to do things by themselves.孩子們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)獨立做事。4. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.在這里當(dāng)志愿者對我來說是夢想成真。此句中a dream come tru e表不“夢想成為現(xiàn)實；夢想成真” ，是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu)。再如：I got the latest CD player as a b irthday present yesterday. It was just a dream cometm e !昨天我收到了一份生日禮物，是那種最新的C D播放機，真是夢想成真了！I ve always wanted to v is it New York, so going there on vacation next month w illbe a dream come true for me.我一直都想去紐約，所以下個月到那兒度假對我來說將是夢想成真。5. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.有 f 你的幫助，我才有可能擁有“幸運兒” （狗名）。此句中 make it possible for someone to do something是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表7K “使得某人有可能做某事” 。在這個句型中，it僅是一個形式上的賓語，真正的賓語是to do som e th in g ,又如：M r. Green makes it possible fo r us to learn English easily and in an interesting wayin his class.格林先生使我們能夠在他的課堂上通過有趣的方式輕松地學(xué)習(xí)英語。Computer technology makes it possible fo r many people to w o rk at home.電腦技術(shù)使得許多人在家便可辦公。6. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog.她與“動物幫手” 組織聯(lián)系，試圖給我找一只經(jīng)過特殊訓(xùn)練的狗。此處A nim al H elp ers大寫首字母，為專有名詞，指“動物幫手” 這一組織。若小寫，an animal h e lp e r則可指一只給人提供某種幫助的動物。例如：In my life, I see different animals used as animal helpers. We have, fo r example, doghelpers, monkey helpers, elephant helpers and so o n .在我一生中，見到過不同的動物用作動物幫手。例如，我們有狗狗幫手、猴子幫手、大象幫手等等。Part Four課文導(dǎo)學(xué)Wanrning-up一、英漢互譯X|k | B| 1 . c|O |m1.clean upmake noticesgive out過去(使)變得更高興二、根據(jù)教材內(nèi)容，回答下面的問題clean up，cheer up及give out是動副短語還是動介短語？形容詞alone可作定語嗎？You could help to clean up the city parks.Please the money to the children. and how things used to be.些事情過去如何。解析used to意為“過去經(jīng)常；以前常?！?，后接動 詞原形表示過去的習(xí)慣，指過去經(jīng)常性的動作或存在的 狀態(tài)。否定式為“didnt use to”或“usednt to”;一般疑問 式為“Diduse to . ”或“Usedto”；反意疑問 式為“ ，usednt ，或“ ，didnt ”。They used to be best friends, usedn，t/didn，t they?他們過去是最好的朋友，是嗎？改為否定句 Mr. White used to work there.Mr. Whitework there.alot of old people are lonely.許多老人是孤獨的。解析lonely意為“寂寞的;孤獨的”，帶有較強的感 情色彩，可用來修飾人，也可用來修飾life，days, years 等;可用作表語或定語。有時表示“荒涼的；偏僻的”，用 來修飾地方，此時多用作定語。He was taken to a lonely island.他被帶到了一個荒島上。 知識拓展alone作形容詞，通常只表示客觀上的一個 人或沒有外人，不表示寂寞或孤獨等感情色彩，在句中只 用作表語。另外alone還可作副詞，意為“獨自；單獨”，相 當(dāng)于 by oneself oHe doesnt feel lonely when he is alone.他一個人時不感到寂寞。相關(guān)單項 ( )(2013 黃岡）The boy did his homework with the help of his father in the past. But now he can do it alone.(選出與畫線部分意思相同或相近的一項） A. for himselfB. on himselfC. by himselfD. with himself反饋 訓(xùn)練一、選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空She lives(lonely, alone) on a(lonely,alone) island.She(used to, is used to) get up early.(Give out, Give up) the papers ten minutesbefore the exam.二、根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子孩子們正在制作標(biāo)志牌。The children are我想讓生病的孩子高興起來。I d like tosick kids.、閱讀2b部分,判斷正(T)誤(F)( )1. Ben Smith wrote the letter to Miss Li.( )2. Lucky is a cats name.( )3. Lucky doesnt make a big difference to Ben Smiths life.( )4. Ben Smith can use his arms and legs well.( )5. Ben Smith will send Miss Li a photo of Lucky if she likes.二、根據(jù)教材內(nèi)容，回答下面的問題take after的同義短語是什么？fix up, give away及set up是動副短語還是動介短語？I take after my mother.我像我媽媽。解析take after為動介短語，意為“(在外貌、性格 等方面)與(父母等)相像”，take after相當(dāng)于look like或 be similar to。after后常接名詞或代詞。To my surprise, Jack doesnt take after his father at all. 令我驚奇的是，杰克和他爸爸長得一點兒也不像。相關(guān)單項 ( )The girl_that woman. Maybe she is herdaughter.A. takes careB. takes afterC. takes offD. looks afterI fixed it up.我修理了它。解析 fix up意為“修理;修補”，相當(dāng)于repair，是由 “動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞短語，若是名詞作賓語，則名詞 可放于up之前或之后，但代詞作賓語必須放在中間。I fixed my bicycle up yesterday.昨天我修理了我的自行車。 小試身手單項選擇( )The pens are broken. Can you help me fix_?A. it upB. up itC. them upD. up themI gave it away.我把它捐出去了。解析give away是由“動詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動詞短 語，意為“贈送;分發(fā)”，還有“泄露;暴露”的意思。The rich man gave away most of his money to charity. 那個富人把他的大部分錢都捐給了慈善事業(yè)。知識拓展give away還可以表示“分發(fā)或贈與某物；由露某事情或出賣某人”。 小試身手單項選擇( )What are you doing, Uncle Wang?I am packing old clothes and Ill tothe homeless people.A. give them upB. give them awayC. give them offD. give them in this group was set up to help disabled people like me. 成立這個組織是為了幫助像我一樣的殘疾人。解析set up表示“建立；組建;搭建”，指“建立機 構(gòu)、學(xué)校、醫(yī)院”等，與establish同義。是動副短語。The students set up a learning group to help each other. 同學(xué)們成立了一個學(xué)習(xí)小組來互相幫助。根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子 愛迪生在他10歲時就建立了一個化學(xué)實驗室。Edisona chemical lab when he was teaLucky makes a big difference to my life.Lucky給我的生活帶來很大影響。新- 課-標(biāo)-第 -一 - 網(wǎng)解析make a difference是固定短語，意為“影響； 有作用”,當(dāng)表示“對某人或某事物有影響”時，接介詞to。 Whatever you can do can make a difference.無論你能做什么，都會帶來不同。知識拓展make a big/a great deal of/a lot of difference 表示“對某事產(chǎn)生巨大的影響或者作用”,尤其是好的方 面；make no difference表示“沒有影響,都一樣”。It makes no difference to me what we have for dinner. 晚飯吃什么對我來說是無所謂的。第 3 課時 Self Check解析He put up some signs asking for old bikes and called up all his friends .他張貼了一些海報來收購舊自行車，并且給他所有的朋 友打電話ask for動同短語，意為“要求請求;要， for 后接名詞、代詞或動名詞等。put up動副短語，意為“張 貼;搭建”。call up動副短語，相當(dāng)于ring up,意為“打 電話”。They put up a notice on the wall.他們在墻上貼了張布告。Dont ask your mother for money.不要向你母親要錢。 Please call me up at five oclock tomorrow afternoon. 請明天下午5點給我打電話。小試身手根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子 你有許多尋求幫助的方法。You have many ways tohelp.你什么時候給他打的電話？When did you?他正在把一幅圖畫貼在墻上。He is_a picture on the wall.2. He even handed out notices at the supermarket.他甚至在超市里發(fā)布告。 指點迷津handout在句中意為“分發(fā);發(fā)放”，是由動詞 hand和副詞out構(gòu)成的動詞短語，還可表示“提出；給予 (建議、懲罰等)The teacher is handing out the math papers.老師正在發(fā)數(shù)學(xué)試卷。 小試身手根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子 他們正在街上散發(fā)傳單。They are_the leaflets in the streets.The ideas that he came up with worked out fine.他想出的這些主意很有效。 指點迷津1 come up with是一個沒有被動語態(tài)的動詞 短語，意為“(針對問題等)提出（觀點）；想出（辦法)”。同 義短語為think up。We have to come up with the practical measures to prevent the air pollution.我們必須找到防止空氣污染的切實可行的辦法。 知識拓展come up with還可表示“趕上;追上”。Hes come up with his classmates ahead of him, after months of patient hard work.經(jīng)過幾個月堅持不懈的努力，他趕上了在他前面的同學(xué)。 小試身手根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子 我希望你能提出比這更好的計劃來。I hope you can_ a betterplan than this.解析work out在句中表示“結(jié)局;結(jié)果為”，此時 work out為不及物動詞短語，后面不可接賓語。此外 work out還可表示“解決(問題）；計算出，。We didnt plan it like that but it worked out very well.我們原不是那樣計劃的，但結(jié)果卻很好。反饋訓(xùn)練Will you give me same advice?There are many ways. The most important is to have a careful plan, work outB. look outhand outI), go out一、同義句.轉(zhuǎn)換I rang up our headteacher last night, but no one answered.I_our headteacher last night, but noone answered.He thought up a good way to work the math problem outHe_a good way to workthe math problem out.二、根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子 1.這種藥效果不好。The medicine doesnt瑪麗給她的小朋友們分發(fā)了糖果。w W w .X k b 1. c O mMarythe sweets to her little friends.第 4 課時(Section B 2a3b，Self Check)Id like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers.我想感謝你對“動物助手”組織給予的金 錢援助。AnimalHelpers意為“動物助手”，是一個幫助 殘疾人而建立的組織。thank sb. for sth. /doing sth.意為“為而感謝某人”。如：Thankyou for your flowers to me.謝謝你給我的花。Thankyou for inviting me to the party.謝謝你邀請我參加派對。Im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.我確信你知道該組織建立 起來是為了幫助像我這樣的殘疾人的。本句是由兩個賓語從句構(gòu)成的復(fù)合句。第一 個賓語從句復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu)為“人稱代詞+ be+形 容詞( + that)+賓語從句”。常用來引導(dǎo)賓語 從句的形容詞有：sure，certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised 等。 如：01 am sure (that) I will pass the exam.我確信我會通過考試。Iam sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很抱歉我打擾了你這么長時間。He was afraid that he would lose.他擔(dān)心會輸。Iam sure that I am right.我確信我是正確的。第二個賓語從句復(fù)合句為“youknow + that+ 賓語從句”。本從句為一般過去時態(tài)的被動語 態(tài)，動詞不定式to help disabled people作目的 狀語。set的過去式和過去分詞均為set。set up意為“建起;設(shè)立”。如：The school has set up a special class to help poor readers.學(xué)校專門辦了 一個班來幫助閱讀能力差的學(xué)生。You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.在你的幫助下，我才有可能擁有“幸運兒”。句中的it為形式賓語，動詞不定式to have Lucky 為真正的主語。一般說來，當(dāng)不定式、動名詞、從句等用作賓語且 其后跟有賓語補足語時，就應(yīng)在賓語補足語前使 用形式賓語，而將真正的賓語移至句末。所以it 用作形式賓語的基本句型是:動詞+形式賓語+ 賓語補足語+真正的賓語。如：Ifind it difficult to talk to you.我覺得同你談話很難。Ithought it strange that she hadnt written. 她沒有寫信，我感到奇怪。. so normal things like answering the telephone, opening and closing doors, or carrying things are difficult for m