先行詞_關(guān)系代詞__定語從句教案.doc

二、 定語從句1、功能：相當(dāng)于形容詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作定語2、位置：定語從句主要置于被修飾詞之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.You told me to take anything that I wanted.The building which they are visiting was built last year.3、先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞稱為先行詞antecedent1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. -先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 定語從句2) You must do everything that I do. - -先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 定語從句（1）先行詞一般是名詞和不定代詞，如:some-, any-, every-和no與-body, -thing的合成詞；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代詞。數(shù)詞也可以作先行詞，人稱代詞也同樣可作先行詞。The old man whose son is in the army is my uncle.Pay attention to everything (that )I do.There are two who signed up for(報(bào)名參加) it in my class.He ,who led theUnited States through these years ,was shot on April 14,1965.（2）先行詞與關(guān)系詞是等量關(guān)系。必須注意兩點(diǎn)：先行詞在從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由先行詞而定。This is the place which is worth visiting.These are the places which are worth visiting.關(guān)系詞在從句句子中充當(dāng)了成分，其意思就是先行詞的意義，所以在從句中不能重復(fù)其意。There are many places that we can visit（them）in China.4、關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞被稱為關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞的作用; 1.連接主句和從句。2.代表被修飾的先行詞。3.在定語從句做一個(gè)句子成分。關(guān)系代詞：先行詞是人-who, whom, that, whose, as。 先行詞是物- which, that, whose, as。關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why, how .that偶爾也作關(guān)系副詞。5、確定關(guān)系詞的步驟（1）先找先行詞，看先行詞指的是什么。（2）看關(guān)系詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?、定語從句的種類（1）限定性定語從句：先行詞和從句之間沒有逗號隔開的This is the place which is worth visiting.（2）非限定性定語從句：先行詞和從句之間有逗號隔開的He , who led the United States through these years ,was shot on April 14,1965.（3）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句從句與先行詞的關(guān)系從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語，如果省去，主句的意思就會(huì)不完整或不明確。從句只是對先行詞的附加說明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整標(biāo) 點(diǎn)從句和主句之間不用逗號分開從句和主句之間通常用逗號分開修飾從句只修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞可以修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞也可修飾整個(gè)主句翻譯定語從句譯在被修飾詞的前面定語從句通常被譯成另一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子注意：當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或是世界上獨(dú)一無二的名詞時(shí)，一般用非限定性定語從句修飾。The sun, which gives us light, is very big.He has a brother who is a physicist.He has a brother, who is a physicist. (只有一個(gè))He returned all the books which are written in English.He returned all the books, which are written in English.I will wear no clothes which will be out of ordinary.I will wear no clothes, which will be out of ordinary.The man who lives next door is a doctor.My sister, who lives next door, is a doctor.Im sure I know the person who served me.Tom, who served us, is the owner of the restaurant.A student who studi