天津市武清區(qū)楊村第四中學(xué)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法專題十 虛擬語氣課件 外研版.ppt

專題十虛擬語氣的用法 1 英語動詞有三種語氣 陳述語氣 祈使語氣和虛擬語氣 2 定義 用來表示說的話不是事實 或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況 是一種愿望 建議 假設(shè)的語氣 一 虛擬語氣定義 二 虛擬語氣的考點1 一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法 2 條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝 3 名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法 4 幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣用法 5 虛擬語氣與陳述語氣的判定 1 ifiknewhistelephonenumber iwouldcallhimnow 2 ifiwereyou iwouldgiveaidspatientahug 3 ifihadtakenyouradvice iwouldn thavemadethesamemistake 4 ifhehadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 與過去事實相反 5 ifitshouldraintomorrow theywouldn tgoforanouting 6 ithinkwewoulddoit ifweplanneditinadvance 7 ifweweretohavethreedaysoff wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife 與未來事實相反 考題點擊 1 ifyou tomorrow you findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice shouldcome wouldb wouldcome wouldc willcome shouldd comes might 2 iftheparents atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident thechildwouldhavebeensaved arrivesarrivec hadarrivedd hasarrived ifhe he thatfood luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately a waswarned wouldnothavetakenb hadbeenwarned wouldnothavetakenc wouldbewarned hadnottakend wouldhavebeenwarned hadnottaken 3 4 ifiwereyou i buythehouserightnow a won tb don tc wouldn td can t5 morecareful hisshipwouldnothavesunk a ifthecaptainwereb ifthecaptainhadbeenc shouldthecaptainbed ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen 6 iamnotfreetoday ifi freetoday i andvisitsomeofmyfriends a amwillgob were wouldgoc shallbed be mustgo 7 ifmylawyer herelastsaturday he mefromgoing a hadbeen wouldhavepreventedb hadbeen wouldpreventc were wouldpreventd were wouldhaveprevented 2 條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝 條件從句中含有should were had三個助動詞并且放在句首時 可以把if省略 wereiyou iwouldgiveitup hadihadtime iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain shouldtherebeaflood whatshouldwedo 1 theexam hewouldhaveattendacollege a ifhepassedb hadhepassedc werehepassedd ifheshouldpass 2 fiveminutesearlier youcouldhaveseenthemoff a ifyoushouldarriveb ifyouarrivec hadyouarrivedd shouldyouarrive 錯綜時間的條件句從句與主句發(fā)生的時間不同 需要按時間來確定虛擬形式 如 iftheyhadstudiedhard theycoulddoiteasilynow 如果他們以前努力學(xué)習(xí)的話 現(xiàn)在干的就會容易些 ifhehadnottakenmyadvice hewouldn tdoitmuchbetterlikethis 如果他不聽取我的建議 他就不會干得這樣好 3 名詞性從句的虛擬語氣 主要是表示命令 要求 建議的虛擬語氣 賓語從句 常見動詞 一個堅持 insist兩個命令 order command三個建議 advise suggest propose四個要求 demand require request desire ask 賓語從句中的動詞使用should 動詞原形 或者將should省略 mydemandisthatshe come toseemeonceaweek allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks be closeddown hesuggestedthatwe go tobeijingforsightseeing it ssuggestedthatwe go outforapicnictogethereveryyear should go should come should be should go 表語從句 同位語從句 賓語從句 主語從句 注意 如suggest用于 暗示 表明 insist用于 堅持認為 時 賓語從句用陳述語氣 1 theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobeytherules 2 heinsistedthatshewasseriouslyillandthatbesenttohospitalsatonce 3 hesuggestedthatwehaveameetingatonce 4 hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill 2 以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句也要使用虛擬語氣 形式一樣 order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire等 1 mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek 2 allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown 4 幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法 1 wish 賓語從句 現(xiàn)在 過去 未來 did were haddone would could might do should iwishiwereabird iwishihadn tmadesuchamistake wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus iwisheveryday be mybirthday were iwish wishedi eat somuchwatermelon hadn teaten 2 wouldrather that 現(xiàn)在 過去 未來 iwouldratheryoupaidmenow 現(xiàn)在 iwouldratheryouhadgone too 過去 don tcome iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 未來 did were 過去時did haddone 3 asif though 從句 現(xiàn)在 過去 did were haddone theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson itseemsasifitwerespring irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 4 it sabout hightime that should v 過去時 你該走了 我們該睡覺了 it shightimethatyouwent it shightimethatyoushouldgo it stimethatwewenttobed it stimethatweshouldgotobed 5 without和butfor構(gòu)成虛擬 butfor要不是 withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday butforyourhelp iwouldn thavefinishedthework butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert 考題點擊 1 iwentbyplane otherwisei muchlongertime a couldtakeb wouldtakec willhavetakend wouldhavetaken d 2 hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball otherwisehe agoal a hadscoredb scoredc wouldscored wouldhavescored d 3 withoutliberationwe anewlife a wouldnotbeginb wouldnothavebeenbegunc hadnotbegund wouldnothavebegun d 6 ifonly 要是 就好了 相當于wishifonlyiknewhisname ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice ifonlyicouldseehimagain 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了 要是我沒錯過火車就好了 ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus ifonlyihadn tmissedthetrain 三 虛擬語氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點 1 錯綜條件虛擬語氣 主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設(shè)的時間而定 iftheweatherhadbeenfiner thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher sadvice youwouldn tbeinthehospital 陳述語氣與虛擬語氣典型例題1 thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit a willrainb rainsc rainedd israined2 wouldyouhavecalledherup possible yes buti busydoingmyhomework a haditbeen wasb ifitwas werec ifithadbeen hadbeend ifitwere wouldbe b 該句為陳述語氣 因為主句用的是willbeputoff 真實條件句主句為將來時 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代將來時 問句中用的是虛擬語氣 主句用wouldhavecalled 從句中與過去相反的動詞形式為haddone 答句中表示的是真實的情況 所以該用陳述語氣 a 高考題點擊3 youdidn tletmedrive ifwe inturn you sotired a drove didn tgetb haddriven wouldn thavegotc drove wouldn tgetd weredriving wouldn tget4 itishardformetoimaginewhatiwouldbedoingtodayifi inlove attheageofseven withthemelindacoxlibraryinmyhometown 02上海 a wouldn thavefallenb hadnotfallenc shouldfalld weretofall 前句用的是陳述語氣 表示過去發(fā)生的事 后句是虛擬語氣 表示與過去相反 b b 該句主句中用的是與現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語氣 而從句中使用的是與過去相反的虛擬語氣 全句意思為 如果我不在七歲時迷上了我們家鄉(xiāng)的melindacoxlibrary 我真不能想象我今天會做什么 經(jīng)典題目5 ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowhadasked wouldhaveknownc askedhim knowd hadasked wouldknow6 whatwouldhavehappened asfarastheriverbank a bobhadwalkedfartherb ifbobshouldwalkfartherc hadbobwalkedfartherd ifbobwalkedfarther c d 7 howiwisheveryfamily alargehousewithabeautifulgarden a hasb hadc willhaved hadhad8 whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit a breaksb hasbrokenc werebrokend hadbeenbroken b c doyoumindifileavethewindowopen well i dratheryou a don tb didn tc won td mustn t10 it shalfpasteleven it shightime home a we llb we dc we regoingd wewent b d 11 jack yet otherwisehewouldhavephonedme n97 a mustn thavearrivedb shouldn thavearrivedc can thavearrivedd needn thavearrived c 4 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣a 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣在動詞suggest order demand request desire insist require decide determine advise recommend deserve 值得提及 后需用should型的虛擬語氣 考題點擊 theteacherdemandedthatthework before4o clock a finishedb befinishedc shouldfinishd finish2 whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother sillness hesuggestedthatshe anoperationatonce a musthaveb hadc haved hadhad b c b 主語從句中的虛擬語氣基本句型 itissuggested ordered proposed required demanded requested insisted should doitisimportant necessary natural desirable strange advisable imperative itisapity ashame nowonder 考題點擊 1 isitnecessarythathe theexamination a takesb hastotakec musttaked take2 itisstrangethathe youthis a wouldtellb shouldtellc hadtoldd hastold d b c 表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice等名詞后面的表語從句 同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣 即 should 動詞原形 myideaisthatwe should getmorepeopletoattendtheconference imakeaproposalthatwe should holdameetingnextweek 考題點擊 hissuggestionthatyou oncemoresoundsreasonable a tryb triesc musttryd cantry a practicefinishawritingpassage accordingtothechinesegiven jim剛剛做完左腿手術(shù)而被告訴一個月不能走動 他后悔如果前一天晚上沒有玩電腦游戲 今天早晨就可以早點兒起床 也就不會因為怕遲到而撞倒致使自己住院了 媽媽也因為兒子沒有按時睡覺而在責(zé)備他 同時jim也在遺憾下周的運動會不能參加了 預(yù)想的400米冠軍也不能得到了 practicecompletethefollowingpassagewiththeverbsinbrackets usingthesubjunctivemood jimhasjusthadanoperationonhisleg hewastoldhewouldhavetostayinbedforatleastthreemonths nowheregretswhathedid theaccidentwouldnothavehappenedifhehadnotbeensofoolish he notwakeup solatethatmorningifhe notstayup latethenightbeforeplayingcomputergames wouldn thavewokenup hadn tstayedup jim smotheragreed ifmyson getup halfanhourearlier he notride hisbikesocrazily jim smotherblamedjiminfrontofthedoctor ifhe follow adviceandgonetobedearlier he spend moretimeonhiswaytoschoolandhe nothit atreebythestreet hadgotup wouldn thaveridden had followed couldhavespent would thavehit yes indeed mum answeredjiminalowvoice butyouknowifi notnotice thelittlegirlcrossingthestreetallofasudden i knock herdown myleg notinjure andinsteadofmethegirl take tohospital hadn tnoticed wouldhaveknocked would havebeeninjured wouldhavebeentaken lyinginbed jimkeptonsaying howiwishi be morecareful mum itwastruethatifthisaccidenthadnothappened jim find himselfsittingintheclassroomenjoyinghisclass andit be possibleevenforhimtowinthe400 meterraceinthesportscompetitionifhe join themthenextweek hadbeen wouldfound wouldbe couldjoin jimhasjusthadanoperationonhisleg hewastoldhewouldhavetostayinbedforatleastthreemonths nowheregretswhathedid theaccidentwouldnothavehappenedifhehadnotbeensofoolish he notwakeup solat