2019高考復(fù)習(xí)之語法填空專練(七)含解析.doc

語法填空專練(七)A(20 18濟南5月模擬) Woodblock paintings (木版畫) are often hung at homes during the Chinese Lunar New Year. For many Chinese, the brightcolored paintings are quite timelimited. As soon as the festival comes to an end, these print works are at once thrown away. _ 1_， these shortlived New Year paintings require a year of hard work by the artists, many of _2_ have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art.Yang Luoshu, a 92yearold man from Weifang City, Shandong Province, is _3_ those who have had a great love of the art. Yang has worked as _4_ craftsman for 77 years, and has kept improving his carving skills with every piece of work.Yangjiabu New Year woodblock paintings, which Yang has fallen in love with, _5_ (appear) in the Ming Dynasty. As a national cultural heritage, it is now one of Chinas three _6_ (representative) of traditional folk paintings for the New Year, together with Tianjins Yangliuqing and Suzhous Taohuawu._7_ (run) a centuriesold folk art family workshop named Tongshunde, Yang has carved all kinds of images, including flowers, birds, mountains, rivers and traditional Chinese gods. But he realizes that something must be changed _8_ (make) sure handmade New Year paintings live on. “We are now thinking about development, allowing the paintings to be more _9_ (create)，” he said. For him, the next thing to do is to find qualified successors to ensure that the skills _ 10_ (pass) to younger generations.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了畢生致力于中國年畫的藝術(shù)家Yang Luoshu的故事。 1答案與解析：However考查副詞。根據(jù)上文中的“thrown away”和下文中的“require a year of hard work”可知，上下句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，一旦新年結(jié)束，這些印刷作品就會被扔掉。然而，這些短壽命的年畫卻需要藝術(shù)家們一年的辛勤工作。故填However。注意首字母大寫。2答案與解析：whom考查定語從句?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是“artists”，指人，位于介詞of后，應(yīng)用whom，此處指許多藝術(shù)家把一生都獻給了這種傳統(tǒng)的民間藝術(shù)。故填whom。3答案與解析：among考查介詞。句意為：Yang Luoshu，一位來自山東省濰坊市的92歲老人，是那些熱愛這項藝術(shù)的人中的一個。among意為“在之中”，符合語境。故填among。4答案與解析：a考查冠詞。此處指Yang Luoshu作為一名工匠工作了77年。而且craftsman是讀音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。5答案與解析：appeared考查動詞的時態(tài)。分析句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“which Yang has fallen in love with”是定語從句，修飾先行詞“woodblock paintings”，所以此處appear是謂語動詞；根據(jù)時間狀語“in the Ming Dynasty”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填appeared。6答案與解析：representatives考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)前面的“one of”可知，此處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填representatives。7答案與解析：Running考查非謂語動詞。分析句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是非謂語動詞作狀語；因為動詞run與其邏輯主語“Yang”之間是主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填Running。注意首字母大寫。8答案與解析：to make考查非謂語動詞。句意為：但他意識到必須改變一些東西，以確保手工制作的年畫繼續(xù)存在。此處用動詞不定式表示目的。故填to make。9答案與解析：creative考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)前面的“more”可知，此處構(gòu)成形容詞的比較級，意為“更有創(chuàng)造性的”。故填creative。 10答案與解析：will be passed考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。pass這個動作還未發(fā)生，所以用一般將來時；又因為動詞pass與“the skills”之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故填will be passed。B(20 18石家莊質(zhì)量檢測二) When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike in the West, _ 1_ everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes _2_ (place) on the table and everybody shares. If youre being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food. During eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests _3_ (show) his or her politeness. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is. If you dont like it, you can just say a polite “thank you”， with the food _4_ (leave) there. But dont stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, its very impolite _5_ the host and seniors who are present at the table.At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldnt turn the fish over by saying “fan”， which is _6_ Chinese word for “turn over”， which is considered bad luck for _7_ (fisherman) and their boats. The _8_ (separate) of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially true in southern China.These tips above will be _9_ (extreme) useful when you visit China, an _ 10_ (east) country with a long history.【解題導(dǎo)語】就餐禮儀因文化不同而不同。本文主要介紹了中國的餐桌文化。 1答案與解析：where考查定語從句?？仗幨顷P(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the West，同時在從句中作地點狀語。【知識儲備】常見的引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系副詞有三個：when，where和why；它們在定語從句中都作狀語，分別表示時間、地點和原因。This is the reason why he was late for school this morning.這就是他今早上學(xué)遲到的原因。2答案與解析：are placed考查謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句子講述的是客觀情況，要用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語the dishes與動詞place之間是被動關(guān)系，所以要用被動語態(tài)。3答案與解析：to show考查非謂語動詞。主人上菜給客人，附帶有公筷，這是為了表示對客人的禮貌?？仗幾髂康臓钫Z，應(yīng)用動詞不定式。4答案與解析：left考查非謂語動詞。此處為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，空處作賓語the food的補足語，并且the food與leave之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞。5答案與解析：to考查介詞。be polite/impolite to sb.是固定短語，意思是“對某人禮貌/不禮貌”。6答案與解析：the考查冠詞?！癴an”就是漢字里表示“翻過來”的意思。此處表示特指，故要用定冠詞the。7答案與解析：fishermen考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。fisherman為可數(shù)名詞，且其前無限定詞修飾，故空處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。8答案與解析：separation考查名詞?？仗幥懊嬗卸ü谠~the修飾，再結(jié)合空后的of可知，空處應(yīng)填名詞。9答案與解析：extremely考查副詞?？仗幮揎椇竺娴男稳菰~useful，作狀語，要用副詞。 10答案與解析：eastern考查形容詞?？仗幾鞫ㄕZ，修飾后面的名詞country，表示“東方的”，所以要用eastern。C(20 18山東省高三下學(xué)期高考預(yù)測)The famous Peking opera artist Yuan Huiqin hosted two culture talks _ 1_ were called “Charm (魅力) of Peking Opera” in Stockholm and St. Petersburg last year. The two sessions, as programs of Chinese Culture Talk, _2_ (organize) by the Bureau for External Cultural Relations of the Ministry of Culture of China, Chinese embassies and local cultural organizations. _3_ (member) of Chinese embassies, famous sinologists (漢學(xué)家) and those _4_ (show) an interest in Peking opera, attended the two culture talks. The host, Yuan Huiqin, is a national classA artist of China National Peking Opera Company and a winner of the Plum Blossom Prize. During the talks, she _5_ (patient) shared the charm of Peking opera in more than one way.With the help of the local sinologists, _6_ (she) talks were translated into Swedish and Russian. These words explored the concepts and artistic characteristics of _7_ (tradition) Chinese operas, which got audience _8_ (experience) the distinct charm of Peking opera._9_ addition, young artists from the China National Peking Opera Company performed classic opera selections. During the interaction of the talks, some opera lovers performed with young artists and on _ 10_ spot the audience tried costumes (戲裝) of Peking opera with great curiosity.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文屬于說明文。京劇名家袁慧琴在瑞典的斯德哥爾摩和俄羅斯的圣彼得堡主持了兩場京劇文化交流活動。 1答案與解析：which/that考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是talks，空處在從句中作主語，故用which或that。2答案與解析：were organized考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處講述的是過去的動作，應(yīng)用一般過去時；主語是The two sessions，與organize是被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)?！疽族e分析】本題容易做錯，考生可能由于沒看懂句子結(jié)構(gòu)而將空處作為非謂語動詞處理，或者由于沒看清主語是誰而誤填was organized。3答案與解析：Members考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)本句中的of Chinese embassies可知，應(yīng)用member的復(fù)數(shù)形式。4答案與解析：showing考查非謂語動詞?？仗幨欠侵^語動詞作后置定語，show與those是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。5答案與解析：patiently考查副詞。此處修飾謂語動詞，故用副詞。6答案與解析：her考查代詞。她的演講被翻譯成瑞典語和俄語。故使用she的形容詞性物主代詞。7答案與解析：traditional考查形容詞。這里使用形容詞修飾后面的Chinese operas，表示“傳統(tǒng)的中國戲劇”。8答案與解析：to experience考查非謂語動詞。get sb. to do sth.表示“使某人做某事”，experience在此作動詞用，表示“經(jīng)歷，體驗”。9答案與解析：In考查介詞。in addition意為“此外，除此之外”，相當于besides。 10答案與解析：the考查冠詞。on the spot“當場”，是固定搭配，故填the。D(20 18廣州綜合測試二) Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food. Yet today there is clear evidence that the ocean has a limit. Most of the big fish in our ocean are now _ 1_ (go). One major cause is overfishing. People are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace _2_ (they)For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their communitys needs. However, from the early 20th century, people around the world became interested _3_ consuming proteinrich foods. People began _4_ (catch) large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets. In a very short period of time, commercial fishing _5_ (great) reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna.Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, _6_ theyre mostly just the little ones. Small fish, _7_ include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number largely because there are not enough big fish _8_ (eat) them.Such large fish _9_ (be) necessary, because they hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish. Without this weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less able to survive _ 10_ (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了海洋中大魚數(shù)量減少的原因以及由此而造成的后果。 1答案與解析：gone考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作表語，故填形容詞gone，意為“不在了，不見了”。注意：此處非被動的含義?！局R儲備】過去分詞和被動形式的區(qū)別在于，過去分詞表示狀態(tài)，而被動形式則強調(diào)動作。2答案與解析：themselves考查代詞。根據(jù)該從句的主語為many species可知，此處應(yīng)用其反身代詞，表示“自我替換”。3答案與解析：in考查介詞。be/become interested in意為“對感興趣”，為固定用法，故用介詞in。4答案與解析：catching考查非謂語動詞。begin doing/to do sth.意為“開始做某事”，是固定用法，又由句中的“and selling”可知，此處與selling是并列關(guān)系，形式應(yīng)相同，故填catching。5答案與解析：greatly考查副詞。修飾動詞一般用副詞，故用副詞greatly修飾動詞reduced，在句中作狀語。6答案與解析：but考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故用連詞but。7答案與解析：which考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)語境可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞Small fish，故用which。8答案與解析：to eat考查非謂語動詞。enough. to do sth. 意為“足夠的去做”，為固定用法，故用不定式。9答案與解析：are考查主謂一致。根據(jù)本句中的they可知，Such large fish表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，故謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 10答案與解析：difficulties考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語境中所列舉的各種困難可知，此處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表種類，故用difficulties。E(20 18長春市質(zhì)量監(jiān)測一) The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbins main tourist highlight. It is the worlds biggest winter festival. The _ 1_ (bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival. _2_ sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the _3_ (beauty) lighting. It is bigger than _4_ ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec.At first, mainly the Chinese _5_ (participate), but in the last decade, it has become an international festival and _6_ (compete). As the festival grows in international participation, and as Chinas economy grows, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps _7_ (grow). The works making up these exhibits are astonishing, and their size and beauty are amazing.The lighting _8_ (effect) on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival are technologically complex.Officially, the festival _9_ (hold) from the end of December through February. Opening dates keep changing, and ending dates partly depend _ 10_ the weather.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了哈爾濱冰雕節(jié)的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀。 1答案與解析：bitterly考查副詞?？仗幮揎椥稳菰~cold，所以要用副詞。bitterly cold“極其寒冷的”。2答案與解析：What考查主語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，指“的東西”，故填What。3答案與解析：beautiful考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處的lighting是名詞，意為“燈光”，所以要用形容詞來修飾。4答案與解析：the考查冠詞?？蘸蟮膐nes指festivals，后面給出了具體的地點，故空處表特指，應(yīng)填定冠詞the。5答案與解析：participated考查時態(tài)。空處所填詞在句中作謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語At first可知，此處描述的是過去的事情，故用一般過去時。6答案與解析：competition考查名詞?？仗幣c前面的名詞festival并列，故填所給詞的名詞形式。7答案與解析：growing考查非謂語動詞。keep (on) doing sth.是固定用法，表示“繼續(xù)做某事”，故填growing。8答案與解析：effects考查名詞。effect在此處意為“效果”，根據(jù)后面的謂語動詞are可知，空處要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。9答案與解析：is held考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處描述的是現(xiàn)在的客觀情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時；the festival與hold之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。 10答案與解析：on/upon考查介詞。depend on/upon意為“取決于”，是固定搭配。F(20 18銀川檢測) Rajesh Naik _ 1_ (transform) 120 acres of wasteland into an organic farm, providing an _2_ (inspire) example of the efforts to create a large lake.“I come from a family of agriculturalists and this land is my ancestral land, _3_ hard rock structures make it difficult to hold water. People thought it was impossible to farm this land and _4_ I was throwing away my career. However, I was determined to work on developing the water resources in the area，” says Rajesh.It took a lot of financial resources and time _5_ (create) the lake, which is enough to irrigate (灌溉) the whole farm. This has not only encouraged plant _6_ (grow) in the area, but also helped in increasing the water table (地下水位) in the surrounding areas _7_ the farm. Besides growing fruit and vegetables, Rajesh has also started a dairy farm that has _8_ (many) than 200 cows.“If this model _9_ (carry)