科學(xué)大師的論文集.doc

科學(xué)大師的論文集我一邊流口水，一邊全下載了請(qǐng)盡量用網(wǎng)盤(pán)下載因?yàn)槭潜容^冷門(mén)的資源哈我經(jīng)常會(huì)撤下來(lái)讓給我發(fā)布的其他的資源，并且我因?yàn)閭€(gè)人原因經(jīng)常會(huì)去外地，幾天都會(huì)上不了網(wǎng)。如果網(wǎng)盤(pán)鏈接有問(wèn)題請(qǐng)發(fā)站內(nèi)信給我Adventure in Theoretical Physics-selected Papers with Commentariesby Stephan L.Adler史蒂文阿德勒,Stephen L. Adler,1939年出生，猶太裔美國(guó)理論物理學(xué)家，普林斯頓高等研究院教授。他是量子場(chǎng)論中最優(yōu)美的結(jié)果Adler-Bell-Jackiw反常的發(fā)現(xiàn)者之一。他的論文奠定了目前的基礎(chǔ)粒子物理模型的基礎(chǔ)。He received an A.B. degree at Harvard University in 1961 and a Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1964.He has won the J. J. Sakurai Prize from the American Physical Society in 1988, and the Dirac Medal of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in 1998, among other awards.Adlers seminal papers on high energy neutrino processes, current algebras, soft pion theorems, sum rules, and perturbation theory anomalies helped lay the foundations for the current standard model of elementary particle physics.Collected Works of EshelbyBy J.D.Eshelby細(xì)觀力學(xué)的科學(xué)家 他和他的合作者開(kāi)創(chuàng)了細(xì)觀力學(xué)的方法論。他的演講清晰明了又十分生動(dòng)有趣，并且他的文學(xué)功底也相當(dāng)深厚。他懂得Sanskrit（一種我從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的語(yǔ)言）。接下來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)一下細(xì)觀力學(xué)：固體力學(xué)的分支，用連續(xù)介質(zhì)力學(xué)方法分析具有細(xì)觀結(jié)構(gòu)（即在光學(xué)或常規(guī)電子顯微鏡下可見(jiàn)的材料細(xì)微結(jié)構(gòu)）的材料的力學(xué)問(wèn)題。其研究尺度可從10納米到毫米量級(jí)，隨研究對(duì)象不同而異。細(xì)觀力學(xué)是固體力學(xué)與材料科學(xué)的交叉學(xué)科，其發(fā)展對(duì)固體力學(xué)研究層次的深入以及對(duì)材料科學(xué)規(guī)律的定量化表達(dá)都有重要意義。（源自百度百科）John Douglas Eshelby (21 December 1916 - 28 December 1988) was a scientist in micromechanics. His work has shaped the fields of defect mechanics and micromechanics of inhomogeneous solids for fifty years and provided the basis for the quantitative analysis of the controlling mechanisms of plastic deformation and fracture.Eshelby was born at Puddington Cheshire, the son of Captain Alan John Eshelby and his wife Phoebe Mason Hutchinson. He was educated at St Cyprians School and was due to go to Charterhouse School but appears to have taken a place somewhere else. He was then at Bristol University. Eshelby taught himself the theory of elasticity for his thesis on Stationary and moving dislocations. After holding several early research posts he worked in the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University and was elected a Fellow of Churchill College. He was then appointed Reader in the Faculty of Materials (Theory of Materials) at the University of Sheffield where he became Professor in 1971. He was awarded by the Timoshenko Medal in 1977. He retired in 1982 and the Eshelby Memorial Bursary was founded in his memory.The scientific phenomenon called Eshelbys inclusion is named after this scientist, and points at a ellipsoidal subdomain in an infinite homogeneous body, subjected to a uniform transformation strain. Eshelby was clear and amusing as a lecturer, and prepared his lectures with great care, but was not keen on doing experimental work. He was well versed in Sanskrit (among other classical languages)and was an avid second-hand book buyer.Emil Wolf Selected Works With CommentariesEmil Wolf (born July 30, 1922) is a Czech born American physicist who made advancements in physical optics, including diffraction, coherence properties of optical fields, spectroscopy of partially coherent radiation, and the theory of direct scattering and inverse scattering.他是一位捷克出生的美國(guó)物理學(xué)家，在物理光學(xué)(?)里有極多的貢獻(xiàn)。 他還成功地預(yù)言了一種新的現(xiàn)象，具有藍(lán)移和紅移的效應(yīng)但是卻不是多普勒效應(yīng)造成的。這個(gè)現(xiàn)象以他的名字命名為 Wolf Effect.Linus Pauling Selected Papers in 2 Volsby Linus PaulingLinus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901 August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, peace activist, author, and educator. He was one of the most influential chemists in history and ranks among the most important scientists in any field of the 20th century12. Pauling was among the first scientists to work in the fields of quantum chemistry, molecular biology, and orthomolecular medicine. He is one of only 4 individuals to have won multiple Nobel Prizes.3 He is one of only two people to have been awarded a Nobel Prize in two different fields (the Chemistry and Peace prizes), the other being Marie Curie (the Chemistry and Physics prizes), and the only person to have been awarded each of his prizes without sharing it with another recipient.他是一位美國(guó)化學(xué)家，和平主義者，行動(dòng)主義者，作家和教育家。 他是歷史上最具有影響力的化學(xué)家之一，在20世紀(jì)的科學(xué)界的影響力也很少有其他人能達(dá)到。 他是全世界僅有的四個(gè)多次獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的得主之一。（分別為化學(xué)和和平獎(jiǎng)，并且都是獨(dú)得的）舉世罕見(jiàn)的天才，我只能這樣評(píng)價(jià)了。Selected Works of Alan HoffmanAlan J. Hoffman, born May 30, 1924 in New York City, is a mathematician and IBM Fellow Emeritus, T. J. Watson Research Center, IBM, Yorktown Heights, N.Y. He is founding editor of the journal Linear Algebra and its Applications, and holds several patents. Hoffman and Robert Singleton constructed the HoffmanSingleton graph, which is the unique Moore graph of degree 7 and diameter 2.AHoffman是當(dāng)代美國(guó)數(shù)學(xué)家，1924年5月30日生于紐約市，19431946年在軍隊(duì)服役，1950年獲哥倫比亞大學(xué)博士學(xué)位，其后在普林斯頓高等研究院等院所從事數(shù)學(xué)研究和教學(xué)，現(xiàn)任職于IBM的Watson研究中心。他是線性規(guī)劃、組合最優(yōu)化及圖譜研究的先驅(qū)者之一，其研究領(lǐng)域還涉及線性不等式、組合及矩陣論。他和其合作者發(fā)現(xiàn)許多重要的基本概念和定理，其中不少以他們的名字命名。他獲得過(guò)多種榮譽(yù)稱(chēng)號(hào)，先后擔(dān)任10多個(gè)國(guó)際數(shù)學(xué)刊物編委。Selected Papers of Chen NingYang 這小子我就不多說(shuō)了。 個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)不喜歡他。但是人家的科學(xué)成就的確夠強(qiáng)悍。Selected Papers of Karl Abraham Karl Abraham (3 May 1877 25 December 1925) was an early German psychoanalyst, and a correspondent of Sigmund Freud, who called him his best pupil.He founded the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute, and was the president of the International Psychoanalytical Association from 1914 to 1918 and again in 1925. 德國(guó)的精神分析學(xué)大師。弗洛伊德稱(chēng)他為自己的“最出色的學(xué)生”。他創(chuàng)建了柏林精神分析研究所，并且在國(guó)際精神分析協(xié)會(huì)里擔(dān)任過(guò)主席。Selected Papers of Richard P. Feynman 這家伙， eternal kid, 拿了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)自己都不稀罕理查德費(fèi)恩曼（Richard Phillips Feynman, 1918-1988）是當(dāng)代最受愛(ài)戴的科學(xué)家之一。他不但以其科學(xué)上的巨大貢獻(xiàn)而名留青史，而且因在“挑戰(zhàn)者”號(hào)航天飛機(jī)事故調(diào)查中的決定性作用而名聞遐邇。他還是一個(gè)撬開(kāi)原子能工程保險(xiǎn)柜的人，一個(gè)會(huì)敲巴西邦戈鼓的“科學(xué)頑童”。他與施溫格（Julian Seymour Schwinger, 1918-1994）和朝永振一郎（Sin-itiro Tomonaga, 1906-1979）因在量子電動(dòng)力學(xué)方面所做的對(duì)基本粒子物理學(xué)具有深刻影響的基礎(chǔ)性研究，共同分享了1965年度諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。Selected Papers on Computer ScienceDonald Ervin Knuth (born January 10, 1938) is a renowned computer scientist and Professor Emeritus of the Art of Computer Programming at Stanford University.Author of the seminal multi-volume work The Art of Computer Programming (TAOCP), Knuth has been called the father of the analysis of algorithms, contributing to the development of, and systematizing formal mathematical techniques for, the rigorous analysis of the computational complexity of algorithms, and in the process popularizing asymptotic notation. Knuth是頂級(jí)的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家， 現(xiàn)在斯坦福大學(xué)任教。經(jīng)典的the Art of Computer Programming就出自他的筆下。Selected Works of BetheHans Albrecht Bethe (German pronunciation: hans albt bet; July 2, 1906 March 6, 2005) was a German-American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics for his work on the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis. A versatile theoretical physicist, Bethe also made important contributions to quantum electrodynamics, nuclear physics, solid-state physics and particle astrophysics. During World War II, he was head of the Theoretical Division at the secret Los Alamos laboratory developing the first atomic bombs. There he played a key role in calculating the critical mass of the weapons, and did theoretical work on the implosion method used in both the Trinity test and the Fat Man weapon dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. For most of his career, Bethe was a professor at Cornell University.德國(guó)裔的美國(guó)物理學(xué)家。在物理學(xué)的多方面都有杰出的貢獻(xiàn)。二戰(zhàn)期間他是Los Alamos實(shí)驗(yàn)室的頭頭（我記得是Feynman去的那個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室）他一生中絕大部分時(shí)間都是在康奈爾大學(xué)。Selected Works of Kai Lai Chung鐘開(kāi)萊（Kai Lai Chung, 1917年2009年），華裔數(shù)學(xué)家、概率學(xué)家。浙江杭州人，1917年生于上海。1936年入清華大學(xué)物理系，1940年畢業(yè)于西南聯(lián)合大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)系，之后任昆明西南聯(lián)合大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)系助教。1944年考取第六屆庚子賠款公費(fèi)留美獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。1945年底赴美國(guó)留學(xué)，1947年獲普林斯頓大學(xué)博士學(xué)位。五十年代任教于美國(guó)紐約州塞納克斯大學(xué)（Syracuse），六十年代以后任斯坦福大學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)系教授、系主任、榮休教授。鐘開(kāi)萊為世界知名概率學(xué)家，著有十余部專(zhuān)著。鐘先生基本沒(méi)什么人熟悉，就象薛定諤這個(gè)名字被很多人誤認(rèn)為是中國(guó)人一樣，鐘開(kāi)萊往往被誤認(rèn)為西方人，或者是華裔。其實(shí)不然，鐘先生是地地道道的中國(guó)杭州人士，師從華羅庚，也是中國(guó)概率論與數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)研究的開(kāi)拓者之一許寶騄的學(xué)生.Selected Works of Schrieffer施里弗（1931），因發(fā)現(xiàn)了稱(chēng)為BCS理論的超導(dǎo)理論，與巴丁、庫(kù)珀一起分享了1972年度的諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)金。庫(kù)珀是量子場(chǎng)論方面的專(zhuān)家，他對(duì)超導(dǎo)理論的第一項(xiàng)貢獻(xiàn)是“庫(kù)珀對(duì)”的發(fā)現(xiàn)：他證明了金屬中的兩個(gè)電子之間存在著通過(guò)交換聲子而發(fā)生的吸引作用。由于這種吸引作用，費(fèi)密面附近的電子兩兩結(jié)合形成所謂的“庫(kù)珀對(duì)”?！皫?kù)珀對(duì)”的形成使電子氣的能量下降到低于正常費(fèi)密分布時(shí)的能量，使得在連續(xù)的能帶態(tài)以下出現(xiàn)一個(gè)單獨(dú)的能級(jí)。這個(gè)單獨(dú)能級(jí)與連續(xù)能級(jí)之間的間隔就叫做超導(dǎo)體的能隙。巴丁、庫(kù)珀和施里弗接著試圖將“庫(kù)珀對(duì)”這一簡(jiǎn)單的兩電子系統(tǒng)的研究推廣到在晶體中與晶格相互作用著的所有電子組成的多體系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)對(duì)“庫(kù)珀對(duì)”進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，施里弗得到了一個(gè)容易處理的波函數(shù)。此后，又經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)多月的緊張工作，巴丁、庫(kù)珀和施里弗證明了他們的理論確實(shí)能夠解釋實(shí)驗(yàn)上所知的各種超導(dǎo)現(xiàn)象。少量文件是DJVU格式的: selected papers on computer sciencecollected works of Eshelby 新增網(wǎng)盤(pán)鏈接：adventure in theoretical physics /zh-cn/files/08b8fe8.21b798a/ collected works of Eshelby